Personal Health. Personal Health Vocabulary epidermis – the outer layer of skin epidermis – the outer layer of skin dermis – the layer of living cells

Personal HealthPersonal Health

Personal Health VocabularyPersonal Health Vocabulary

epidermisepidermis – the outer layer of skin – the outer layer of skin dermisdermis – the layer of living cells – the layer of living cells

below the epidermisbelow the epidermis acneacne – is inflammation of the skin – is inflammation of the skin

that happens when pores get that happens when pores get clogged with dirt and oilclogged with dirt and oil

dermatologistdermatologist – a person or – a person or physician who cares for skin physician who cares for skin

The SkinThe Skin 1. parts1. parts a. epidermis – a. epidermis – outer layerouter layer 1. the outermost cells of the epidermis 1. the outermost cells of the epidermis

are are deaddead b. dermis – layer under the epidermis, b. dermis – layer under the epidermis, living living

cellscells 1. hair follicles1. hair follicles *Oil glands are connected to hair *Oil glands are connected to hair

follicle follicle *Too much oil causes *Too much oil causes pimplespimples

(acne) (acne) clogged poresclogged pores *oil glands keep your skin soft and *oil glands keep your skin soft and

flexible flexible

The skinThe skin

2. 2. sweat glandssweat glands – cools the body, – cools the body, eliminates wasteeliminates waste

3. 3. nerve endingsnerve endings – give you a sense – give you a sense of touch of touch

4. fat layer under skin helps keep 4. fat layer under skin helps keep you warmyou warm

c. protection – from c. protection – from germs/infection germs/infection unless it is cutunless it is cut

2. Skin Care2. Skin Care 2. skin care2. skin care a. a. dermatologist dermatologist – a person or physician who – a person or physician who

cares for skincares for skin b. wash skin – to get rid of dirt, sweat, and b. wash skin – to get rid of dirt, sweat, and

bacteria (odor) bacteria (odor) c. protect your skin with c. protect your skin with sunscreensunscreen and and

clothing clothing 1. avoid sun from 10am to 2pm1. avoid sun from 10am to 2pm

d. eat healthy – drink water to flush out your d. eat healthy – drink water to flush out your systemsystem

e. rest – make sure you get enough sleep e. rest – make sure you get enough sleep each nighteach night

Skin ReviewSkin Review

Review Lesson 1Review Lesson 1 1. What are four ways to keep your 1. What are four ways to keep your

skin healthy?skin healthy? 2. Describe the two layers of skin.2. Describe the two layers of skin.

Lesson 2 Hair/Nails Lesson 2 Hair/Nails VocabularyVocabulary

1. 1. dandruff dandruff – flaky, dried clumps of – flaky, dried clumps of dead dead cellscells

2. 2. head licehead lice – small insects that live – small insects that live on on the scalp and suck bloodthe scalp and suck blood

3. 3. cuticlecuticle – is a thin flap of skin – is a thin flap of skin around around the nailthe nail

4. 4. folliclesfollicles – where hair grows from – where hair grows from 5. 5. keratinkeratin – material that hair is – material that hair is

made from made from

A. HairA. Hair

1. grows from a follicle1. grows from a follicle 2. made from keratin 2. made from keratin a. the strength of a. the strength of keratinkeratin allows allows

hair to stick out from the hair to stick out from the surfacesurface

i. hair traps air near skin and works as i. hair traps air near skin and works as insulation insulation to keep you warmto keep you warm

ii. hair helps you sense the world around you ii. hair helps you sense the world around you through through nerve endingsnerve endings

B. Hair CareB. Hair Care 1. Trim and brush to keep it neat and spread out oils 1. Trim and brush to keep it neat and spread out oils 2. oil glands in your scalp release oil to keep your 2. oil glands in your scalp release oil to keep your

hair healthyhair healthy 3. wash hair at least 3. wash hair at least 2-3 times2-3 times per week, per week,

shampooing your hair removes dirt, and dust that shampooing your hair removes dirt, and dust that gets caught in hairgets caught in hair

4. 4. dandruffdandruff – oil from glands dries and mixes with – oil from glands dries and mixes with dead skin cellsdead skin cells

5. 5. head licehead lice – small insects that live on the scalp and – small insects that live on the scalp and suck bloodsuck blood

a. lice lay eggs on hair shaftsa. lice lay eggs on hair shafts b. special shampoos can helps a person get b. special shampoos can helps a person get

rid of rid of licelice c. don’t share hair brushes or hatsc. don’t share hair brushes or hats

C. NailsC. Nails 1. nails grow from the nail bed, which begins 1. nails grow from the nail bed, which begins

under your skinunder your skin 2. made of 2. made of keratinkeratin, in the form of hard layers, in the form of hard layers 3. function3. function a. a. protectsprotects the sensitive ends of fingers the sensitive ends of fingers

and and toestoes b. b. picking uppicking up items items 4. 4. cuticlescuticles – a thin flap of skin around the nail – a thin flap of skin around the nail a. can become dry and crackeda. can become dry and cracked b. use lotion on hands to help keep b. use lotion on hands to help keep

cuticles soft cuticles soft

D. Nail CareD. Nail Care

1. keep finger and toe nails trimmed 1. keep finger and toe nails trimmed and cleanand clean

2. Dirt and germs collect under your 2. Dirt and germs collect under your nailsnails

3. 3. wash your handswash your hands – even – even underneath your fingernailsunderneath your fingernails

4. biting nails is unhealthy, use 4. biting nails is unhealthy, use clippersclippers

Review Lesson 2 Nails/HairReview Lesson 2 Nails/Hair

Review Lesson 2Review Lesson 2 1. Why is it important to keep your 1. Why is it important to keep your

nails trimmed?nails trimmed? 2. Describe two common hair 2. Describe two common hair

problems.problems. 3. Describe two ways that hair and 3. Describe two ways that hair and

nails are similar. Describe two ways nails are similar. Describe two ways that they are different.that they are different.

Lesson 3 - The Teeth Lesson 3 - The Teeth VocablularyVocablulary

1. 1. plaqueplaque – a sticky substance that – a sticky substance that builds up on teethbuilds up on teeth

2. 2. cavitycavity – a hole that forms in a tooth – a hole that forms in a tooth due to decaydue to decay

3. 3. fluoridefluoride – a substance that makes – a substance that makes the enamel of a tooth strongthe enamel of a tooth strong

4. 4. calculuscalculus – a hard, yellow material – a hard, yellow material that can build up on teeth; also called that can build up on teeth; also called tartartartar

Teeth Vocabulary Teeth Vocabulary

5. 5. crowncrown – the visible part of the tooth – the visible part of the tooth 6. 6. pulppulp – is a soft tissue that contains – is a soft tissue that contains

nerve tissue and blood vesselsnerve tissue and blood vessels 7. 7. rootroot – holds the tooth in the gum – holds the tooth in the gum 8. 8. dentindentin – supports the enamel and – supports the enamel and

surrounds the pulpsurrounds the pulp 9. 9. enamelenamel – is a hard substance that – is a hard substance that

covers the crown covers the crown

A. The toothA. The tooth

1. Parts1. Parts a. a. crowncrown – the top part that you – the top part that you

can seecan see i. i. enamelenamel - the hard outer - the hard outer

covercover b. b. neck neck – connects the top to the – connects the top to the

bottom of the toothbottom of the tooth c. c. root root – bottom part, in gums– bottom part, in gums

2. Tooth Decay2. Tooth Decay

a. a. plaqueplaque builds up on teeth everyday- builds up on teeth everyday- Sticky substance, no color and is invisibleSticky substance, no color and is invisible

b. bacteria in plaque digest sugar and b. bacteria in plaque digest sugar and form into an form into an acidacid

c. acid breaks away c. acid breaks away enamelenamel creating a creating a cavitycavity – a hole that forms in a tooth due to – a hole that forms in a tooth due to decaydecay

d. d. calculuscalculus – hard, colored material, also – hard, colored material, also called called tartartartar, removed only by a dentist or , removed only by a dentist or hygienist hygienist

3. Prevention3. Prevention

a. dentist, floss, brush, fluoride, stay a. dentist, floss, brush, fluoride, stay away from sugary foods and drinks, x-away from sugary foods and drinks, x-raysrays

1. 1. fluoridefluoride – makes tooth enamel strong, – makes tooth enamel strong, found in toothpaste, water, or pharmacyfound in toothpaste, water, or pharmacy

2. 2. flossfloss – gets rid of plaque and bits of – gets rid of plaque and bits of food that brushing does not get tofood that brushing does not get to

3. 3. brush brush – with soft bristles and replace – with soft bristles and replace toothbrush every 3 months toothbrush every 3 months

Lesson 3 ReviewLesson 3 Review

Lesson 3 ReviewLesson 3 Review 1. How often should plaque be 1. How often should plaque be

removed from your teeth?removed from your teeth? 2. How can you keep your teeth and 2. How can you keep your teeth and

gums clean and healthy?gums clean and healthy? 3. Describe how a cavity forms.3. Describe how a cavity forms.

Eyes VocabularyEyes Vocabulary

1. 1. corrective lensescorrective lenses – eyeglasses and – eyeglasses and contact lenses used for adjusting vision contact lenses used for adjusting vision problems problems

2. 2. nearsightednessnearsightedness – difficulty seeing – difficulty seeing things at a distancethings at a distance

3. 3. farsightednessfarsightedness – difficulty seeing things – difficulty seeing things up closeup close

4. 4. astigmatismastigmatism – a condition in which – a condition in which either the cornea or the lens of the eye is either the cornea or the lens of the eye is curved unevenly, things appear blurry curved unevenly, things appear blurry


5. 5. conjunctivitisconjunctivitis – an infection of the lining – an infection of the lining of the eye and the tissues under the of the eye and the tissues under the eyelid; also called pinkeyeeyelid; also called pinkeye

6. 6. stiessties – infections of the oil or sweat – infections of the oil or sweat glands in the eyelids glands in the eyelids

7. cornea – the clear, protective structure 7. cornea – the clear, protective structure at the front of the eyeat the front of the eye

8. iris – the colorful part of the eye, 8. iris – the colorful part of the eye, controls the amount of light let into the controls the amount of light let into the eyeeye


9. 9. pupilpupil – is a hole in the iris – is a hole in the iris 10. 10. lenslens – focuses the light on the – focuses the light on the

retina at the back of the eyeretina at the back of the eye 11. 11. retinaretina – part of the eye that – part of the eye that

contains millions of light-sensitive contains millions of light-sensitive cells that detect the energy from the cells that detect the energy from the lightlight

A. EyesA. Eyes 1. Light first passes through the 1. Light first passes through the corneacornea – –

this is the protective part of the eyethis is the protective part of the eye 2. Light then goes through a hole in the 2. Light then goes through a hole in the

iris iris called the called the pupilpupil 3. Light will then go through the 3. Light will then go through the lenslens with with

focuses the light on the focuses the light on the retinaretina, which is in , which is in the back of the eyethe back of the eye

4. cells in the retina send messages 4. cells in the retina send messages through the through the optic nerveoptic nerve to the brain to the brain

5. The retina contains two types of cells, 5. The retina contains two types of cells, called rods and cones. called rods and cones. RodsRods handle vision handle vision in low light, and in low light, and conescones handle color vision handle color vision and detail.and detail.

B. Eye ProblemsB. Eye Problems 1. Problems start at birth or later in life, heredity 1. Problems start at birth or later in life, heredity

most often determines the way the eye changes most often determines the way the eye changes early in life and at pubertyearly in life and at puberty

a. a. NearsightednessNearsightedness – People have a hard time – People have a hard time seeing far awayseeing far away

b. b. Farsightedness Farsightedness – People have a hard time – People have a hard time seeing close upseeing close up

c. c. AstigmatismAstigmatism – a condition in which either the – a condition in which either the cornea or the lens is curved unevenly, causes cornea or the lens is curved unevenly, causes blurry visionblurry vision

d. d. colorblindnesscolorblindness – people have difficulty telling – people have difficulty telling the difference between certain colorsthe difference between certain colors

B. Eye ProblemsB. Eye Problems e. e. cataractscataracts – a clouding of the lens. The lens is – a clouding of the lens. The lens is

mostly made of water and protein. The protein is mostly made of water and protein. The protein is arranged in a way that keeps the lens clear and arranged in a way that keeps the lens clear and allows light pass through it. As we get older, some allows light pass through it. As we get older, some of the protein may clump together and start to of the protein may clump together and start to cloud a small area of the lens. This is a cataract, cloud a small area of the lens. This is a cataract, and over time, it may grow larger and cloud more and over time, it may grow larger and cloud more of the lens, making it harder to see.of the lens, making it harder to see.

f. f. glaucomaglaucoma - is an eye condition that develops - is an eye condition that develops when too much fluid pressure builds up inside of when too much fluid pressure builds up inside of the eye. The increased pressure can damage the the eye. The increased pressure can damage the optic nerve, which transmits images to the brain. optic nerve, which transmits images to the brain. This pressure will cause loss of vision. Without This pressure will cause loss of vision. Without treatment, glaucoma can cause total permanent treatment, glaucoma can cause total permanent blindness within a few years. This can be inherited blindness within a few years. This can be inherited and usually shows up later in life.and usually shows up later in life.

B. Eye ProblemsB. Eye Problems

2. Infections – caused by microbes 2. Infections – caused by microbes when touching the eyewhen touching the eye

a. a. ConjunctivitisConjunctivitis – pinkeye, infection – pinkeye, infection of the lining of the eye and the of the lining of the eye and the tissues under the eyelidtissues under the eyelid

*Spread if a person shares personal *Spread if a person shares personal things like towels or makeupthings like towels or makeup

*Must be treated by doctor*Must be treated by doctor


b. b. StiesSties – infections of the oil or – infections of the oil or sweat glands in the eyelidssweat glands in the eyelids

*Spread by sharing face towels, not *Spread by sharing face towels, not as easily as pinkeyeas easily as pinkeye

*Keep warm wet cloth on eye 2-3x a *Keep warm wet cloth on eye 2-3x a day to help it heal, or treated by day to help it heal, or treated by doctordoctor


3. Protection – 3 ways (protect from 3. Protection – 3 ways (protect from injury, protect from infection and injury, protect from infection and make sure your vision is clear)make sure your vision is clear)– a. Don’t rub eye if something is in it a. Don’t rub eye if something is in it

(scratch cornea)(scratch cornea)– b. wear safety b. wear safety gogglesgoggles, sunglasses , sunglasses


– c. have your vision checked by a doctor c. have your vision checked by a doctor *20/20 vision (or really, 20/20 visual acuity) is *20/20 vision (or really, 20/20 visual acuity) is

considered "normal" vision, meaning you can read at considered "normal" vision, meaning you can read at 20 feet a letter that most human beings 20 feet a letter that most human beings shouldshould be be able to read at 20 feet.able to read at 20 feet.

*If you can read the big E at the top but none of the *If you can read the big E at the top but none of the letters lower than that, your vision is considered letters lower than that, your vision is considered 20/200. That means you can read at 20 feet a letter 20/200. That means you can read at 20 feet a letter that people with "normal" vision can read at 200 feet. that people with "normal" vision can read at 200 feet. So at 20/200, your visual acuity is very poor.So at 20/200, your visual acuity is very poor.

– d. never wear d. never wear contactscontacts or glasses that are or glasses that are prescribed for someone elseprescribed for someone else

Lesson 4 Review - EyesLesson 4 Review - Eyes

Lesson 4 ReviewLesson 4 Review What is the difference between What is the difference between

nearsightedness and farsightedness?nearsightedness and farsightedness? How are eye infections different from How are eye infections different from

focus problems?focus problems?

Lesson 5 - Ears VocabularyLesson 5 - Ears Vocabulary

1. cochlea – is a tiny, snail-shaped, 1. cochlea – is a tiny, snail-shaped, fluid filled part of the inner earfluid filled part of the inner ear

2. ear canal – the part of the ear that 2. ear canal – the part of the ear that funnels sound to the middle earfunnels sound to the middle ear

3. eardrum – the part of the ear that 3. eardrum – the part of the ear that separates the outer ear from the separates the outer ear from the middle ear middle ear

4. decibel – units of measure for the 4. decibel – units of measure for the loudness of soundloudness of sound

A. EarsA. Ears

1. How do you hear?1. How do you hear? a. Sound waves are caused by a. Sound waves are caused by

vibrationsvibrations that travel through solids, that travel through solids, liquids, or airliquids, or air

b. these sound waves enter the b. these sound waves enter the outer outer earear and are funneled into the and are funneled into the middle middle earear through the through the ear canalear canal

A. EarsA. Ears

c. the sound waves cause the eardrum to c. the sound waves cause the eardrum to vibrate which cause vibrate which cause 3 bones3 bones in your in your middle ear to then vibrate (hammer, anvil, middle ear to then vibrate (hammer, anvil, and stirrup)and stirrup)

d. causes sound to reach inner ear and the d. causes sound to reach inner ear and the cochleacochlea (filled with fluid), and vibrate fluid (filled with fluid), and vibrate fluid

e. fluid motion causes hair-like nerve e. fluid motion causes hair-like nerve endings in cochlea to send message endings in cochlea to send message through through auditory nerveauditory nerve to brain to brain

A. EarsA. Ears

2. Sound is measured in 2. Sound is measured in decibelsdecibels – – units of measure for the loudness of units of measure for the loudness of sound sound

a. higher the decibel level, the louder a. higher the decibel level, the louder the sound the sound

b. being around sound as low as 85 b. being around sound as low as 85 decibels can cause hearing loss over decibels can cause hearing loss over timetime

B. Ear ProblemsB. Ear Problems 1. Head injuries can cause damage to ear, 1. Head injuries can cause damage to ear,

so can infections in the middle ear and ear so can infections in the middle ear and ear wax build upwax build up

2. Helping those who have difficulty hearing2. Helping those who have difficulty hearing a. speak clearly, don’t shout, face the a. speak clearly, don’t shout, face the

person person directlydirectly b. reduce background noise, keep b. reduce background noise, keep

hands hands away from faceaway from face 3. How can you take care of your ears – 3. How can you take care of your ears –

Safety helmet, ear plugs, be careful when Safety helmet, ear plugs, be careful when cleaning, don’t put anything in your ears, cleaning, don’t put anything in your ears, watch how loudly you listen to your watch how loudly you listen to your IpodsIpods!!


Lesson 5 ReviewLesson 5 Review 1. What are three ways by which 1. What are three ways by which

young people can protect themselves young people can protect themselves from hearing loss?from hearing loss?

2. What are decibels? 2. What are decibels? 3. Describe how the ear works.3. Describe how the ear works.

Lesson 6 Vocabulary – Lesson 6 Vocabulary – HealthcareHealthcare

1. 1. consumerconsumer – a person who buys or – a person who buys or uses goods or servicesuses goods or services

2. 2. ingredientsingredients – the things products – the things products are made from are made from

3. 3. advertisingadvertising – process of giving – process of giving people information that encourages people information that encourages them to buy somethingthem to buy something

Healthcare VocabularyHealthcare Vocabulary

4. 4. Specialist Specialist – a physician who has – a physician who has continued his or her training in a continued his or her training in a certain medical fieldcertain medical field

5. 5. healthcare providerhealthcare provider – any – any professional who helps people stay professional who helps people stay healthyhealthy

6. 6. unit priceunit price – is the cost of the item – is the cost of the item divided by the amount of the itemdivided by the amount of the item

A. How do product labels give A. How do product labels give information to consumers?information to consumers?

1. 1. ConsumerConsumer – a person who buys or – a person who buys or uses goods or servicesuses goods or services

2. Questions to ask (Decision making 2. Questions to ask (Decision making skills)skills)– a. Do I really need this? Which kind of a. Do I really need this? Which kind of

this product best fills my needs?this product best fills my needs?– b. Which brand should I buy? What size b. Which brand should I buy? What size

is best for me? Can this product hurt is best for me? Can this product hurt me?me?

A. How do product labels give A. How do product labels give information to consumers?information to consumers?

3. Read labels3. Read labels a. Describe what the product doesa. Describe what the product does b. Lists b. Lists ingredientsingredients – the things products – the things products are made fromare made from *Used for comparing products*Used for comparing products c. Can harm health if not used correctly c. Can harm health if not used correctly cough medicine, cough medicine, *lists dangers and what to do if there is *lists dangers and what to do if there is

an an accidentaccident

B. How does a wise consumer B. How does a wise consumer use advertising?use advertising?

1. 1. Advertising Advertising is the process of giving people is the process of giving people information that encourages them to buy something information that encourages them to buy something

**Some advertising may suggest benefits that **Some advertising may suggest benefits that productsproducts

DO NOT have**DO NOT have** a. a. EndorsementEndorsement – recommendation of a famous – recommendation of a famous personperson b. Unfinished comparison – “costs pennies less”, b. Unfinished comparison – “costs pennies less”, “ “makes breath fresher”– Less than what?makes breath fresher”– Less than what? c. Concern for how others feel about a person – c. Concern for how others feel about a person – hair, skin products will make you popularhair, skin products will make you popular 2. We buy because of advertising, tradition, and peer 2. We buy because of advertising, tradition, and peer

pressure pressure

Unit PriceUnit Price

1. Unit price – is the cost of the item divided by the amount of the item

C. How can you choose a C. How can you choose a physician or dentist?physician or dentist?

1. Must pass state tests and earn a license to practice1. Must pass state tests and earn a license to practice 2. Depends on the persons need, usually a family 2. Depends on the persons need, usually a family

physician can treat youphysician can treat you 3. 3. SpecialistSpecialist – a physician who has continued his or her – a physician who has continued his or her

training in a certain medical fieldtraining in a certain medical field a. a. orthodontistorthodontist – braces – braces b. b. general practitionergeneral practitioner – a doctor who treats people – a doctor who treats people who have common medical problems who have common medical problems 4. What if you move?4. What if you move? a. ask places for information, ask current doctorsa. ask places for information, ask current doctors b. call local medical and dental societies to provide b. call local medical and dental societies to provide names of qualified doctorsnames of qualified doctors

D. Health AgenciesD. Health Agencies 1. 1. National Institutes of HealthNational Institutes of Health (NIH) – conducts (NIH) – conducts

research to help develop treatments for diseases; research to help develop treatments for diseases; makes recommendations to consumer and makes recommendations to consumer and healthcare professionalshealthcare professionals

2. 2. Food and Drug AdministrationFood and Drug Administration (FDA) – is (FDA) – is responsible for approving both foods and drugs responsible for approving both foods and drugs for widespread use.for widespread use.

3. Local healthcare agencies3. Local healthcare agencies a. trash and garbage collectorsa. trash and garbage collectors b. treating waste waterb. treating waste water c. making sure drinking water is cleanc. making sure drinking water is clean d. emergency medical cared. emergency medical care


Lesson 6 ReviewLesson 6 Review 1. What are 3 questions you can ask 1. What are 3 questions you can ask

yourself when choosing health yourself when choosing health products?products?

2. How does a wise consumer use 2. How does a wise consumer use advertising? advertising?

3. Explain how state, local, and federal 3. Explain how state, local, and federal agencies help keep you healthy.agencies help keep you healthy.

Documents

Personal Health. Personal Health Vocabulary epidermis – the outer layer of skin epidermis – the outer layer of skin dermis – the layer of living cells