Upload
others
View
4
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Personal
Dictionary
My Common Mistakes
TRUE SPELLING PHONETIC SPELLING
CATEGORIES
NUMBERS MONTHS OF THE YEAR DAYS OF THE WEEK
Zero 0 January – 01 Monday
One 1 February – 02 Tuesday
Two 2 March – 03 Wednesday
Three 3 April – 04 Thursday
Four 4 May – 05 Friday
Five 5 June – 06 Saturday
Six 6 July – 07 Sunday
Seven 7 August – 08
Eight 8 September – 09
Nine 9 October – 10 COLORS
Ten 10 November – 11 Red
Eleven 11 December – 12 Orange
Twelve 12 Yellow
Thirteen 13 Green
Fourteen 14 PETS Blue
Fifteen 15 dog Purple
Sixteen 16 cat Brown
Seventeen 17 fish Black
Eighteen 18 bird Pink
Nineteen 19 turtle Gray
Twenty 20 horse Turquoise
Thirty 30 lizard Silver
Forty 40 snake Gold
Fifty 50 guinea pig
Sixty 60 rabbit FAMILY
Seventy 70 bunny mom dad
Eighty 80 sister brother
Ninety 90 grandma grandpa
Hundred _00 grandmother grandfather
Thousand _,000 abuela abuelo
Ten-Thousand _ _,000 aunt uncle
Hundred-Thousand _ _ _,000 daughter son
Million _,000,000 step-sister
step-brother
HOLIDAYS
Valentine’s Day
February 14 t h cards red
p ink f l owers p resents
chocol ate cup id hear t
l ove candy candies
Saint Patrick’s
Day
March 17 t h g reen l eprechaun
pot of gol d p inch ra inbow
I r i sh c l othes basket
Easter
bunny rabbi t chocol ate
eggs col or dye
hop basket g rass
candy je l l y beans h id e
hunt p resents money
Fourth of July
Ju l y f i reworks l ight
sky l oud scared
p icn ic f reedom f l ag
independence spark l er s food
Halloween
October 31 s t candy candies
cos tume skel e ton haunted house
ghos t w i tch t r ick or t reat
jack-o- l ante rn pumpkin carve
Thanksgiving
November d inner tu rkey
s tu f f ing fam i l y eat a te m a s h e d p o t a t o e s thankfu l P i l g r ims
I nd ians cornucopia shopping
Christmas
December 25 t h t ree present
Santa Cl aus re indeer Rudol ph
e l f e l ves red , g reen ornament
s ta r angel cook ie
l ights n augh ty n ice m i l k
What should I write about?
Word Bank for ___________
Word Bank for ___________
Word Bank for ___________
Word Bank for ___________
Word Bank for ___________
Word Bank for ___________
Word Bank for ___________
Word Bank for ___________
A a
a another
about any
after anything
above apple
across April
add + are
address arm
afraid army
after around
again art
against as
age ask
ago asked
all at
all right August
almost aunt
always away
am
America
an
and
animal
B b
baby between but
back big buy
bad bird by
ball birthday
balloon black
bank blow
baseball blue
basketball boat
be body
bear bones
beautiful book
become born
bed both
been bottom
before box
begin boy
beginning break
behind bring
believe brother
bell brown
below build
best burn
better busy
C c
California city cried
call class cry
came classroom cut
can clean
can’t (can not) climb
car close
care clothes
carefully cloud
carry coast
cat cold
catch color
caught come
center coming
cents cook
chance cool
check copy
child corn
children cost
chocolate cough
choose couldn’t (could not)
Christmas count
church cousin
circle cow
D d
dad done
dance don’t (do not)
dark dollars
day door
dear down
December draw
decimal dress
decorate drink
deep drive
desert dry
desk during
dictionary
did
didn’t (did not)
died
different
difficult
Disneyland
divided
division ÷
do
does
doesn’t (does not)
dog
E e
each explain
ear eyes
earth
Easter
easy
eat
egg
eight 8
end
empty
end
enough
equal
especially
even
ever
every
everybody
everyone
everything
everywhere
example
except
experiment
F f
face fire fun
fair first funny
fall fish
family fit
far five 5
farm floor
fast flower
father fly
favorite follow
February food
feel foot
feeling football
feet for
fell forest
felt found
few four 4
field fraction
fight free
fill Friday
filled friend
finally from
find front
fingers fruit
finished full
G g
game grow
garden guess
gas gun
gave
get
getting
gift
girl
give
glass
go
God
goes
gold
gone
good
got
grade
grass
great
green
grew
ground
H h
had her
hair here
half high
Halloween hill
Hanford him
happen his
happened hit
happy hold
hard hole
has home
hat hope
have horse
haven’t (have not) hospital
having hot
he hour
head house
hear how
heart huge
heat hundred 100
heavy hunt
held
hello
help
I i
I
ice
ice cream
idea
if
I’ll ( I will)
important
in
Indians
interesting
into
is
isn’t (is not)
it
it’s (it is)
its
I’ve (I have)
J j
jam
January
jar
Jefferson jelly jellyfish John F. Kennedy
job
July
jump
jump rope
June
junior high
just
K k
kangaroo
keep
key
kick
kill
kind
king
kite
kitten
knee
knew
know
L l
lady life
laid light
lake like
land Lincoln
large line
last list
later listen
laugh little
lay live
lead long
learn look
leave loose
Lee Richmond lost
left loud
leg love
Lemoore low
less
let
let’s (let us)
letter
lie
M m
machine mine
made minute Magic Mountain miss
make mom
making money
man monkey
many Monroe
march month
March moon Martin Luther King more
match morning
may most
May mother
maybe motorcycle
me mountains
mean mouth
meat move
meet movie
men much
middle music
might must
mile my
milk
million
N n
name
near
neck
need
never
new
next
nice
night
no
none
north
nose
not
nothing
November
now
number
O o
o’clock
ocean
October
octopus
of
off
office
old
on
once
one
only
open
or
orange
other
our
out
outside
over
own
P p
paint practice
paper present
part president
party pretty
pass principal
past probably
pay problem
people pull
person push
pet put
pick
picture
piece
place
plan
planet
plant
play
please
point
poison
poor
possible
power
Q q
quarter
queen
question ?
quick
quiet
quit
R r
rabbit rope
race rose
rain round
ran rule
reach run
read
ready
real
really
red
remember
rest
rich
ride
right
ring
river
road
rock
roll
roller blade
roller skate
room
Roosevelt
S s
safe should special
said shout spider
same show spring
Santa Claus side star
Saturday sight start
save sing store
saw sister story
say sky street
school sleep summer
science slow surprise
sea small
seat smell
second smile
see snow
send so
sent soccer
sentence some
September someone
seven something
sharp sometime
she song
ship soon
shoe sound
short space
T t
table this train
take those tree
talk though triangle Δ
tall thought trip
tattle thousand trouble
teacher three truck
team through true
tell time try
temperature tiny Tuesday
ten tired turn
terrible to two 2
test today
Thanksgiving together
that told
the tomorrow
their tonight
them too
then took
there tool
these top
they touch
they’re (they are) town
thing think toy
third trade
U u
umbrella
uncle
under
understand
United States
until
up
upon
upstairs
us
use
usually
V v
vacation
valley
vegetable
very
Visalia
visit
voice
W w
wait we’re (we are) woman
walk what won’t (will not)
wall wheel wood
Wal-Mart when word
want where work
war which world
warm white would
was who wouldn’t (would not)
wash whole write
Washington why writing
wasn’t (was not) wide written
watch wife wrong
water wild wrote
way will
we win
wear wind
weather window
wedding wing
weigh winter
weight wish
well witch
we’ll (we will) with
went without
were Woodrow Wilson
X x
X-axis
X-ray
Xerox machine
xylophone
Y y
yard
year
yell
yellow
yes
you
you’ll (you will)
your
you’re (you are)
young
yourself
yo-yo
Z z
zebra
zen
zero
zipper
zoo
Grammar Rules for Reference
Grammar Punctuation Noun: a naming word
The dog ate the bone.
Period: ends a sentence
The cat sat on the mat.
Verb: a doing word
The dog ate the bone.
Comma: indicates a pause in the sentence
The cat, who was called Penny, sat on the
mat.
Adjective: a word used to describe a noun
The shaggy dog at the tasty bone.
Question Mark: indicates a question
Did the cat sit on the mat?
Sentence: a set of words which can stand alone
The dog ate the bone.
Exclamation Mark: indicates a strong emotion
Take that cat off the mat!
Pronoun: used in place of a noun
The dog ate the bone. It was tasty.
*Apostrophe: to show letters are missing from a
word
The cat’s on the mat.
(The cat is on the mat.) Adverb: a word used to describe a verb
The dog ate the bone loudly.
*Apostrophe: to show ownership
The cat’s mat is where it sat.
Conjunction/Joining Word: a word used to join
words, phrases, or sentences
The dog ate the bone and enjoyed it.
Quotation Marks/Inverted Commas: used to
enclose direct speech
The boy said, “The cat sat on the mat.”
Capitalization
FFIIRRSSTT WWOORRDD IINN AA SSEENNTTEENNCCEE
You are my best friend in the world.
PPRROONNOOUUNN II
Kim and I are going to the movies tonight.
NNAAMMEESS OOFF PPEEOOPPLLEE AANNDD TTIITTLLEESS
Dr. Mann and Mrs. Colvard
OOPPEENNIINNGG OOFF AA LLEETTTTEERR
Dear Mr. Butler,
FFIIRRSSTT WWOORRDD IINN AA CCLLOOSSIINNGG OOFF AA LLEETTTTEERR
Your friend, From,
TTIITTLLEE OOFF AA WWOORRKK
New York Times
Where the Red Fern Grows
PPRROOPPEERR NNOOUUNNSS
Dallas Cowboys Ford Mustang
FFIIRRSSTT WWOORRDD IINN AA DDIIRREECCTT QQUUOOTTAATTIIOONN
Mike yelled, “Watch out for that tree!”
Grammar Rules for Reference
Present Tense: What is happening RIGHT NOW Singular Pronoun = am Pronoun = is Plural Pronoun = are
I walk
go
say
have
get
make
am walking
am going
am saying
am having
am getting
am making
I am ___.
She
He The girl
The cat
My mom
Michael
Everyone
It
walks
goes
says
has
gets
makes
is walking
is going
is saying
is having
is getting
is making
She is ___.
It is ___.
They
We
You
walk
go
say
have
get
make
are walking
are going
are saying
are having
are getting
are making
We are ___.
They are ____.
You are ____.
Past Tense: What has ALREADY HAPPENED Examples: Yesterday, This morning, Last night, Last summer, Last Christmas
Pronoun = was Plural Pronoun = were
I
She
He
The girl
The cat
My mom
Michael
Everyone
It
walked
went
said
had
got
made
was walking
was going
was saying
was having
was getting
was making
They
We
You
walked
went
said
had
got
made
were walking
were going
were saying
were having
were getting
were making
Future Tense: What WILL HAPPEN Examples: Tonight, Tomorrow, This coming summer, Next Christmas
Singular Pronoun =
will be or am going to
Pronoun =
will be or is going to
Plural Pronoun =
will be or are going to I will walk
will go
will say
will have
will get
will know
will make
am going to be
walking
am going to
walk
will be walking
She
He
The girl
The cat
My mom
Michael
Everyone
It
will be
will walk
will go
will say
will have
will get
will know
will make
is going to be
walking
is going to walk
will be walking
They
We
You
will be
will walk
will go
will say
will have
will get
will know
are going to be
walking
are going to
walk
will be walking
Grammar Rules for Reference
IRREGULAR VERBS
become - became
begin - began
bend - bent
bet - bet
bite - bit
break - broke
bring - brought
buy - bought
catch - caught
choose - chose
come - came
cost - cost
cut - cut
drive - drove
drink - drank
eat - ate
fall - fell
feel - felt
find - found
forget – forgot
forgive - forgave
give - gave
hear - heard
hold - held
keep - kept
leave - left
lose - lost
pay - paid
put - put
quit - quit
run - ran
see - saw
sell - sold
send - sent
sit - sat
sleep - slept
speak - spoke
stand – stood
swim - swam
take - took
teach - taught
tell - told
think - thought
throw - threw understand - understood
wake - woke
win - won
write - wrote
Plural Noun +s Plural Noun +es (Words that end in ch, x, s, ss)
1 snake 2 or more=snakes 1 witch 2 or more witches
1 ski 2 or more=skis 1 box 2 or more boxes
1 banana 2 or more=bananas 1 bus 2 or more buses
1 phone 2 or more=phones 1 kiss 2 or more kisses
Irregular Plural Nouns
Special Case Nouns +ies (With words that end in a
consonant and a “y”, you will need to:
drop the “y” and add “ies”
child = children
woman = women
man = men
person = people
goose = geese
mouse = mice
baby = babies
carry = carries
city = cities
cry = cries
puppy = puppies
candy = candies
EDITING REVISING
Capitalization/Letter Formation
Did I capitalize the first letter in my sentence,
names, and places?
Do I have capital letters in the wrong places?
Do I have letter reversals?
Did I check my Bb & Dd letters?
Did I indent my paragraphs?
Is each sentence connected to my topic?
Does each sentence make sense?
Did I use transition words or phrases?
Did I use interesting vocabulary?
Can I add more to make my story better?
Can I delete some sentences that don’t
belong?
Did I use a variety of sentences (simple,
compound, complex)?
Can I rearrange my sentences to make my
ideas flow better?
Organization
Does my story have a beginning, middle,
end?
Does my story have a topic sentence,
supporting sentences, examples, conclusion?
Are my events in order?
Punctuation
Do my sentences have end marks?
Did I add commas for lists of 3+ subjects?
Did I add quotation marks for speaking?
Spelling
Are my words spelled correctly?
Did I use a dictionary to double check?
SENTENCE STARTERS & TRANSITIONS
Topic Transitions
Reason/Fact/Details
Transitions
Example
Transitions
Conclusion Transitions
After One way Examples of
Explanations of
Evidence of
Events that
Experiences that
Expert opinions
Everyday life
Elaboration
All in all
Certainly
Clearly
Truly
Definitely
In conclusion
Obviously
Surely
To sum up
Although Another way
As long as The final way
As soon as First of all
Even though In addition
In order to Equally important
Since First
Unless Next
When The final
Wherever One example
Whether Another example
While Finally
PRINT Cursive A a A a B b B b C c C c D d D d E e E e F f F f
G g G g H h H h
I i I i J j J j
K k K k L l L l
M m M m N n N n O o O o P p P p
Q q Q q R r R r S s S s T t T t
U u U u V v V v
W w W w X x X x Y y Y y Z z Z z
Same Sound / different meanings Same Spelling / different meanings
Homonyms Homophones Homographs Heteronyms
Different Spelling Different Sound
see (with your eye)
sea (the ocean) see
sea see
sea n/a n/a
to (preposition)
too (as well)
two (2)
to
too
two
to
too
two
n/a n/a
there
their (possessive)
they're (contraction)
there
their
they're
there
their
they're
n/a n/a
bough (tree limb)
bow (front of a boat)
bow (at the waist)
bow (tied with ribbon)
bow (shoots arrows)
bough
bow
bow
bow
bow
bough
bow bough
bow
bow
bow
bow
bow
bow
bow
bow
bow
lead (to guide)
lead (the metal)
led (guided)
lead
led
lead
led
lead
lead lead
lead
lie (untruth)
lie (lie down) lie
lie n/a
lie
lie n/a
fair (appearance)
fair (county fair)
fair (reasonable)
fair
fair
fair
n/a fair
fair
fair
n/a
bass (fish)
bass (low note) n/a n/a
bass
bass bass
bass
tear (in the eye)
tear (rip) n/a n/a
tear
tear tear
tear
Figurative Language
Type Definition Example
Metaphor a comparison that does not include the words “like” or “as”
you are my sunshine
Simile a comparison that includes the words “like” or “as”
busy as a bee, slow like honey
Hyperbole extreme exaggeration used to make a point mile-high ice cream cones
Personification the act of giving human qualities to animals or objects
the sun greeted me this morning
Idiom an expression whose meaning is different from the meaning of its individual words
She had butterflies in her stomach just
before she went on stage.
Imagery vivid description that includes details that appeal to the senses
the roar of trees
Alliteration the repetition of a consonant sound at the beginning of words
The wild and woolly walrus waits and
wonders when we'll walk by.
Onomatopoeia a word whose sound suggests its meaning
“Ka-POW” “WHACK”
Understatement a statement that is weakened to convey a stronger meaning
Describing an atomic explosion as being "somewhat noisy."
Cliché an expression or phrase used so often it becomes stale and loses meaning
No pain, no gain
Symbol an object that stands for an idea Symbols referring to death: skulls, candle blowing out, coffin
Palindrome a word or phrase that can be read forwards or backwards
Kayak Anna, MOM, DAD
Pun a play on words that relies on words that have multiple meanings
The conductor minds the train and a teacher
trains the mind.
Synonyms: Same Antonyms: Opposite fast also means quick opposite of fast is slow
kid also means child opposite of kid is adult
lady also means woman opposite of lady is man
Common Roots
Latin Root Definition Example
aqua water aquarium, aquamarine
circum around circumference, circumstance
dict to say dictation, dictator
fract break fracture, fraction
jud judge judicial, prejudice
mort death mortal, mortician
multi many multimedia, multiple
rupt to break bankrupt, disruption
spect to look inspection, spectator
struct to build destruction, restructure
Greek Root
Definition
Example
auto self autobiography, automobile
bio life biology, biography
chron time chronological, chronic
graph writing graphic, phonograph
homo same homonym, homogenous
logy study of biology, psychology
meter/metr measure thermometer, perimeter
morph form; shape morphology, morphing
Common Prefixes and Suffixes
Prefix Definition Example
anti- against anticlimax
de-, dis- opposite; not or opposite of devalue, discover
en-, em- cause to enact, empower
fore-, pre- before; front of foreshadow, forearm, preview
in-, im- in income, impulse
in-, im-, il-, ir-, non- not indirect, immoral,
illiterate, irreverent, nonviolent
inter- between; among interrupt
mis- wrongly misspell
over- over; too much overeat
re- again rewrite
semi- half, partly, not fully semifinal
un- not; opposite of unusual
Suffix Definition Example
-able, -ible is; can be affordable, sensible
-ed past tense verbs; adjectives the dog walked, the walked dog
-er, -or one who;
person connected with teacher, professor
-er more; the most taller; tallest
-ful full of helpful
-ing verb forms;
present participles sleeping
-ion, -tion, -ation, -ition act; process submission, motion,
relation, edition
-ity, -ty state of activity, society
-less without hopeless
-ly, -y how something is lovely; gloomy
-ment, -ness state of being/act of; state
of/condition of contentment; openness
-ous, -eous, -ious having qualities of riotous, courageous, gracious
-s, -es more than one trains, trenches