NOUNSPerson, Place, Thing or Idea

NOUNS The historian wrote about many famous .

women colorfulplacesevents agoideas

did pretty

NOUNS A noun is a word that names a person,

place, thing, or idea. There are two basic types of nouns:

common nouns and proper nounsCommon: names any person, place, thing, or idea

Proper: names a specific person, place, thing, or idea

NOUNS Proper nouns:

The first word is always capitalized

If there are multiple words, all words are capitalized

Common nouns:Can be either concrete or abstract

COMMON NOUNS Concrete nouns: name things that

you can see or touchDocument, crown, snow, museum, buffalo

Abstract nouns: name ideas, qualities, or feelings that cannot be seen or touchedTruth, courage, time, history, heritage

TIME FOR PRACTICE Get a Writer’s Choice Book from my

cabinet (green books) Turn to page 382 Complete Ex. 1 #’s 1-10 Complete Ex. 2 #’s 1-10. You do not have to write out the

sentence. We will go over answers when you have

completed them.

NOUNS Nouns can be either singular or plural

Singular means oneChild, dog, monkey, sheep, calf,

mouse, daddy

Plural means more than oneChildren, dogs, monkeys, sheep,

calves, mice, daddies

PLURAL NOUNS For most nouns, add –s to the end to make

it pluralDog -> dogs shovel -> shovels

For nouns ending in s, ss, x, z, ch, sh, add –es to make the noun pluralBox -> boxes couch -> couches

For nouns ending in y with a consonant before the y, change the y to i and add –esArmy -> armies baby -> babies

For nouns ending in y with a vowel before the y, just add –sMonkey -> monkeys turkey -> turkeys

IRREGUALR PLURAL NOUNS Some nouns are irregular. This means

their spelling changes completely and you do not simply add –s or –es to make them plural.

For most nouns that end in f or fe, f or fe becomes ves Elf -> elves loaf -> loaves thief -> thieves

For most nouns that end in o, add s Kangaroo -> kangaroos piano -> pianos

video -> videos

IRREGULAR PLURAL NOUNS For certain nouns that end in a

consonant and o, add es Hero -> heroes potato -> potatoes

volcano -> volcanoes For some nouns, the spelling changes

completelyChild -> children mouse -> mice tooth ->

teeth For some nouns, the singular and plural

is the sameDeer, fish, sheep, species

IRREGULAR PLURAL NOUNS

Singular Plural Singular Plural

analysis analyses appendix appendices bison bison cactus cacti calf calves child children elf elves foot feet goose geese knife knives leaf leaves life lives loaf loaves man men mouse mice person people scissors scissors tooth teeth

COMPOUND NOUNS Nouns made of two or more words

Three types of Compound Nouns1. One word: housekeeper, football, bookbag, 2. Hyphenated: runner-up, mother-in-

law, great-grandmother3. More than one word: ice cream,

dining room, maid of honor

PLURAL COMPOUND NOUNS To make One Word Compound nouns

plural, follow the rules previously mentioned

Hyphenated Plural: Make the most important part of the compound noun plural

More than One Word: Make the most important part of the compound noun plural.

IN WRITER’S CHOICE BOOK Turn to page 384

Complete Exercise 3 #’s 1-20.

We will go over when completed.

POSSESSIVE NOUNS Names who or what owns or has

something

Examples:Rita has a book on history.Rita’s book is new.

Read the books. Note the books’ major themes

FORMING POSSESSIVE NOUNS Most singular nouns: Add an apostrophe (‘)

and –s (‘s) a girl a girl’s name

Singular nouns ending in –s: Add an apostrophe and –s (‘s)Lewis Lewis’s explorations

Plural nouns ending in –s: Add an apostropheanimals animals’ habits

Plural nouns not ending in –s: Add an apostrophe and –s women women’s history

PRACTICE WITH POSSESSIVES Acquire your Writer’s Choice Book Turn to page 386 Complete Ex. 6 #’s 1-10. You do not

have to write out the sentence. We will go over when completed.

COLLECTIVE NOUNS Names a group that is made up of individuals

Examples of Collective Nounsfamily, group, flock, jury, herd

Collective Nouns need to show agreement with the verb in the sentence

Singular Noun: -s on the verb Plural Noun: no –s on the verb Hint: if you can sub IT for collective noun, then

its singular. If you can sub THEY for collective noun then its plural

PRACTICE Grab a Writer’s Choice Book to practice

identifying collective nouns and verb agreement.

Turn to page 390 Complete Ex. 10

APPOSITIVES A noun that is placed next to another

noun to identify or add information about it.

James Madison’s wife Dolley was a famous first lady.

Appositive phrase is a group of words that includes an appositive and other words that describe the appositive.

Madison, our fourth president, held many other offices.

APPOSITIVES AND COMMAS Appositive phrase is usually set off my

commas however if the appositive is needed to identify the noun or if it is a single word no commas needed.

Madison’s friend Thomas Jefferson was president before him.

Madison’s father, James Madison, was a plantation owner.

APPOSITIVE PRACTICE Get your Writer’s Choice Book Turn to page 392. We are going to complete Ex. 11

together as a class. If you want another example then write

one in your notebook.