Persistent Identifiers and Finnish Institutional Repositories

Persistent Identifiers and Finnish Institutional Repositories

Rita Voigt

Helsinki University of Technology and OA-JES

Coordinator for Institutional Repositories in Finland

IR workshop – 11.1.2007 – Helsinki

Julkaisuarkisto-workshop – Helsinki 11.1.2007 Rita Voigt / TKK ja OA-JES 2

OA-JES

Promoting Open Access Publishing in Finland Funding: Ministry of Education Initiative: Finnish Open Access Working Group 4 parts:

• Advocacy (Kalle Korhonen, Univ. of Helsinki)• Coordination of IRs (Rita Voigt, TKK)• The National Library of Finland, definition of tasks• TSV, development of a publishing tool for OA journals

Duration: 1.4.2006 – 31.1.2007 Results: Increasing awareness, new repositories,

this workshop…


Institutional Repositories – (OA-JES) definitions

In addition to bibliographic metadata the full text is available for all publications.

The full text is stored locally (in most cases, cooperation solutions for smaller institutions). The institution is responsible for its availability. Outsourcing the archive is possible, but usually has its problems.

Both metadata and full text are open access. The permanent availability and access to the

publication is ensured each publication is given a persistent identifier (URN or other).

The repository is OAI compatible.


URN – Uniform Resource Name

Ensures permanent access to the publication now and in the future.

Unambiguous identifier, can be used in OpenURLs. Persistent identifier, no need to update links in library

catalogs, provides a link from bibliographic metadata to full text.

Persistent link in lists of references, no need to give date of access.

Future researchers are able to get to the cited reference, which should be a prerequisite for any scholarly work!

No broken links.


Persistent identifiers

Why URNs?

URNs are in use in many European countries and elsewhere.

National Libraries support the use of URNs. URNs are free. The administration of URNs is flexible. Already published documents can get URNs during

batch processing.

Other persistent identifier systems: DOI, Handle, ARK


Usage example: Library catalog

Database: Teknillisen korkeakoulun kirjastoTitle: Sanat kivettyvät kaupungiksi [Elektroninen aineisto]

:tutkimus Helsingin kaupunkisuunnittelun

prosesseistaja ihanteista / Pasi Mäenpää ... [et al.]

Material: kirjaPublished: Espoo : Teknillinen korkeakoulu, 2000Series: (Yhdyskuntasuunnittelun tutkimus- ja

koulutuskeskuksen julkaisuja. B ; 83)Links: urn:nbn:fi:tkk-004097

http://urn.tkk.fi/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:fi:tkk-004097

http://lib.tkk.fi/Reports/2000/isbn951226336X.pdf


Persistent identifiers and Finnish IRs

The National Library has actively participated in the standardisation work of URNs since the 1990’s (Juha Hakala). However, theoretical considerations haven’t led to any practical results during these years. Recommendations put an emphasis on the use of URN:ISBN identifiers, which are not widely used elsewhere. URN:NBN for web articles.

http://www.lib.helsinki.fi/julkaisuala/urn.htm

URN:NBN for all publications at Helsinki Univ. of Technology since the establishment of the repository in 2003.

URN:ISBN at the Univ. of Oulu. Both URN:ISBN and URN:NBN at the Univ. of Joensuu. Many other institutions are assigning some kind of URN to

their publications or have expressed interest in doing so. DSpace comes with the handle identifier system, possible to

use URNs in addition.


Distribution of URNs

Overall administration: National Library.

The National Library provides the possibility to generate single URNs of the URN:NBN type

urn:ubn:fi:fe...

If an institution publishes a lot, it could/should(?) get an own namespace for this type of URNs,

e.g. urn:nbn:fi:tkk...

Contact the National Library for the namespace. When having an own namespace the institution can assign

URNs for their publications independently.


URN standardisation

IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) RFC’s:

• URN Syntax (2141)• Functional Requirements of URN’s• Registration of NID’s• Resolving

Syntax: URN : NID : NISS

namespace identifier namespace specific string(ex. NBN, ISBN, ISSN)


URN @ TKK

Centralised distribution and administration in the library. All publications get a URN:NBN identifier, when they are stored into

the TKK institutional repository (with the exception of photos). ”trusted repository”.

Format: urn:nbn:fi:tkk-123450

organisation consecutive checknamespace numbers = digit

recordnumbersin the IR


From assignment to use The resolver software

Implementation of a national resolver in Finland in Feb. 2005 enables the use of URNs as the main identifier for the publication.

Centralised service, located at Helsinki University of Technology Library in Espoo.

Part of an international network of URN resolver services.

Resolves the location of any document that has a persistent identifier.

Redirects the URN query to the web address where the document is currently located.

Before redirection checks that the URL exists, displays error messages where necessary.

Redirects foreign URNs and other than URN identifiers to the location where they can be resolved.

Administrative features.


Resolver software

Development: Univ. of Uppsala, Sweden. Now moved to KB, National Library of Sweden. Wiki: http://epc.ub.uu.se/niwiki/ Version 3.0, Feb. 2005. Contact person for data providers in Finland: Rita Voigt.

TKK has used the software for about two years. Works fine for URN:NBN identifiers. Initially no support for URN:ISBN identifiers implemented. Extension and further development by Jukka Lehmus, TKK

Library.

TKK, U. Joensuu and U. Oulu are now using the resolver service.

If your organisation is interested, please contact us!


URN:ISBN

Seen as a Finnish curiosity in Europe. Therefore no support in any resolver software. Finnish URN:ISBN namespaces have to be included into the

service mappings of all the other national resolvers to enable them to redirect these URNs to the Finnish resolver.

No big problem for Finnish ISBNs (?) But: ISBNs usually do not identify the country of the

publication as clearly as the country code in the URN:NBN identifiers.

Resolvable at the centralised ISBN agency double redirections needed.

As a result: If you like your URNs to work smoothly use the URN:NBN type from now on.


Demo Question: Where do I find the publication with the identifier

urn:nbn:fi:tkk-004097urn:nbn:de:gbv:089-3321752945urn:nbn:ch:bel-9478urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3475URN:NBN:no-3132

Answer: Redirection either by showing the URL for a momenthttp://urn.tkk.fi/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:fi:tkk-004781ordirectly (all foreign or other identifiers always directly)http://urn.tkk.fi/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:fi:tkk-004781&godirectlyhttp://urn.tkk.fi/resolve?urn=URN:NBN:no-3132

The resolver thus finds publicationswhich are known to the local service, andwhich can be found in other services, see for examplehttp://epc.ub.uu.se/rs/services/servicemappings.xml


Demo 2

Joensuu:http://urn.tkk.fi/resolve?urn=URN:NBN:fi-fe20061759http://urn.tkk.fi/resolve?urn=URN:ISBN:952-458-875-7

Oulu:http://urn.tkk.fi/resolve?urn=urn:isbn:951-42-8239-6

TKK:http://urn.tkk.fi/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:fi:tkk-007434http://urn.tkk.fi/resolve?urn=URN:NBN:fi-fe20071017

Foreign services can redirect Finnish URNs to the resolver at TKK:• Swedish National Library:

http://urn.kb.se/start• German National Library:

http://www.persistent-identifier.de/?link=610&lang=en


How to get involved?

Have a ”trusted repository”, e.g. maintainted by the university library.

Produce an XML file containing the URN–URL –pairs for your repository (simple schema, easy to accomplish).

Put the file in an openly accessible place on the web. Tell us the URL of this file.

The resolver will harvest this file regularly. Keep it up-to-date!(cf. OAI-PMH)

Example (Joensuu):http://joypub.joensuu.fi/NBN/records.xml


Thank you !

rita.voigt at tkk.fi

Documents

Persistent Identifiers and Finnish Institutional Repositories