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Perioperative Nursing Care 1

Perioperative Nursing Care 1. Perianesthesia and Perioperative Nursing is the field of nursing that addresses the nursing roles associated with the three

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Page 1: Perioperative Nursing Care 1. Perianesthesia and Perioperative Nursing is the field of nursing that addresses the nursing roles associated with the three

Perioperative Nursing Care

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Page 2: Perioperative Nursing Care 1. Perianesthesia and Perioperative Nursing is the field of nursing that addresses the nursing roles associated with the three

Perianesthesia and Perioperative Nursing

is the field of nursing that addresses the nursing roles associated with the three phases of surgical experiences : pre operative postoperative and intraoperative

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Page 3: Perioperative Nursing Care 1. Perianesthesia and Perioperative Nursing is the field of nursing that addresses the nursing roles associated with the three

Preoperative Nursing Care:• begins when the decision to proceed with

surgical intervention is made and end with the transfer of patient to the operation table

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Page 4: Perioperative Nursing Care 1. Perianesthesia and Perioperative Nursing is the field of nursing that addresses the nursing roles associated with the three

Examples of nursing activities in the preoperative phase include :

Pre admission testing • Initial preoperative assessment• Initiate teaching appropriate to patients needs• Involve family in interview• Verify completion of preoperative testing

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Page 5: Perioperative Nursing Care 1. Perianesthesia and Perioperative Nursing is the field of nursing that addresses the nursing roles associated with the three

Admission to surgical unite or center• Complete the preoperative assessment • Assess for risk of complications• Report upnormal findings • Verify that informed consent obtained• Answers family questions• Develop a plan of care 

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Page 6: Perioperative Nursing Care 1. Perianesthesia and Perioperative Nursing is the field of nursing that addresses the nursing roles associated with the three

Others also in the holding area prior to the surgery

• Review patient chart• Identify patient• Verify surgical site• Establish intravenous line eg canula• Administer prescribed medications • Provide support 

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Page 7: Perioperative Nursing Care 1. Perianesthesia and Perioperative Nursing is the field of nursing that addresses the nursing roles associated with the three

Intraoperative Nursing Care

• Begins when patient is transferred to onto the operation table and ends with admission to the post anesthesia care unite  

Main  nursing activities include • Maintain safety • Maintain aseptic environment • Transfer patient to operation room or table• Position the patient in correct alignment • Ensure that instruments count are correct • Complete documentation

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Page 8: Perioperative Nursing Care 1. Perianesthesia and Perioperative Nursing is the field of nursing that addresses the nursing roles associated with the three

Physiologic monitoring •  Calculate fluid loss or gain • Distinguish normal and abnormal data• Report changes in vital sign 

Physiologic support • Provide emotional support 

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Page 9: Perioperative Nursing Care 1. Perianesthesia and Perioperative Nursing is the field of nursing that addresses the nursing roles associated with the three

Postoperative Nursing Care

• Begins when patient is admitted to the post anesthesia care unite and end with follow up evaluation in home or clinical setting 

Activities include 

• Maintain airway • Monitor vital sign• Assess the effect of anesthetic agents• Assess complications assess pain• Promote recovery and initiate teaching• Initiate discharge plan 

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Page 10: Perioperative Nursing Care 1. Perianesthesia and Perioperative Nursing is the field of nursing that addresses the nursing roles associated with the three

Surgical classification ( according to urgency)

• Emergent : immediately with no delay eg sever bleeding 

• Urgent: patient needs prompt attention must be done within 24 hrs eg gall bladder infection and kidney stone 

• Required : patient must have surgery within few weeks or months eg cataract, Thyroid disorder 

• Elective : failure to have surgery has some impact on patient life but not very dangerous eg repair of scare and simple hernia 

• Optional : personal preference eg cosmetics 10

Page 11: Perioperative Nursing Care 1. Perianesthesia and Perioperative Nursing is the field of nursing that addresses the nursing roles associated with the three

Preparation for Surgery

Informed Consent • process for getting permission before conducting a healthcare

intervention on a person. A health care provider may ask a patient

Which procedures need informed consent ?

• Invasive procedure such as  need anesthesia• Non surgical procedure that carry considerable risk such as 

arteriography • Procedures that involve radiation 

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Page 12: Perioperative Nursing Care 1. Perianesthesia and Perioperative Nursing is the field of nursing that addresses the nursing roles associated with the three

Criteria for valid informed consent • Voluntary• Must be written • Patient must be competent and able to comprehend • In case of incompetent patient family member or law 

representatives may give consent • Should contain explanation of procedure• Instruction that patient can withdraw consent • Explanation that all patients questions would be 

answered and if there is any significant notes such as change in customary procedure 

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Page 13: Perioperative Nursing Care 1. Perianesthesia and Perioperative Nursing is the field of nursing that addresses the nursing roles associated with the three

Assessment of health factor that affect patient preoperatively

•  Nutritional and fluid status • Drug and alcohol abuse • Respiratory status • Cardiovascular status • Hepatic and renal function • Endocrine function • Immune function • Previous medication use • Psychosocial factors • Spiritual and cultural beliefs 

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Page 14: Perioperative Nursing Care 1. Perianesthesia and Perioperative Nursing is the field of nursing that addresses the nursing roles associated with the three

Special situations • Ambulatory surgery : patient discharge the 

same day of surgery 

• Obese patient 

• Emergency surgery 

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Page 15: Perioperative Nursing Care 1. Perianesthesia and Perioperative Nursing is the field of nursing that addresses the nursing roles associated with the three

Preoperative nursing intervention

• Preoperative teaching • Deep breathing coughing exercise • Teach patient how to promote mobility and active body 

movement  by frequent position • Leg exercise • Getting out of bed 

• Pain management • Coping strategies 

• Reduce anxiety and fear 

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Page 16: Perioperative Nursing Care 1. Perianesthesia and Perioperative Nursing is the field of nursing that addresses the nursing roles associated with the three

• Maintain patient safety • Manage fluid status • Prepare the bowel • Prepare the skin 

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Page 17: Perioperative Nursing Care 1. Perianesthesia and Perioperative Nursing is the field of nursing that addresses the nursing roles associated with the three

Immediate preoperative nursing interventions • Administer pre anesthetic medications • Maintain preoperative records • Transport patient to the operation room 

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