Period 5, Liquids

8/6/2019 Period 5, Liquids

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LiquidsLiquidsBy Jason, Dean, Noami, Katy, Gaby, Erika,By Jason, Dean, Noami, Katy, Gaby, Erika,

and Claireand Claire


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Question:Question:

What is so special about liquids, andWhat is so special about liquids, and

what kind of kinetic energy do liquidswhat kind of kinetic energy do liquidshave?have?


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What forces hold particles together toWhat forces hold particles together toform a liquid?form a liquid?

What keeps liquids from changing into aWhat keeps liquids from changing into asolid or a gas?solid or a gas?


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What are the properties of liquids?What are the properties of liquids?

THIS IS WHAT WE WILL FIND OUT!!THIS IS WHAT WE WILL FIND OUT!!


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VaporizationVaporization

TheThe

conversionconversionof a liquid toof a liquid to

a gas.a gas.


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EvaporationEvaporation

When vaporization happensWhen vaporization happens

at the surface on a liquidat the surface on a liquidthat isnt boiling. Somethat isnt boiling. Some

molecules in the liquid breakmolecules in the liquid breakaway and enter the gas oraway and enter the gas orvapor state.vapor state.


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VaporVapor PressurePressure

When liquid is in a sealedWhen liquid is in a sealed

container some of thecontainer some of theparticles vaporize andparticles vaporize and

bounce off the container. Orbounce off the container. Orthe force of the gas abovethe force of the gas abovethe water.the water.


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B

oiling PointB

oiling PointTheThetemperaturetemperatureat which theat which thevapor pressurevapor pressure

of liquid is justof liquid is justequal to theequal to theatmosphericatmospheric

pressure.pressure.


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TheB

oiling Point VideoTheB

oiling Point VideoThere areThere aremany kinds ofmany kinds of

boiling here isboiling here isboiling at 60boiling at 60degreesdegrees

Celsius andCelsius andmore.more.


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Normal Boiling PointNormal Boiling Point The boiling point ofThe boiling point of

a liquid at aa liquid at apressure of 101.3pressure of 101.3

kPa. Or STP. TherekPa. Or STP. Thereare other ways toare other ways tomeasure such as:measure such as:psi,in of Hg, mmpsi,in of Hg, mmHg, torr and alsoHg, torr and also1atm.They all mean1atm.They all meanthe same thing.the same thing.


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Liquid converts into gas ofLiquid converts into gas of

vapor which is vaporization.vapor which is vaporization.When this occurs with a liquidWhen this occurs with a liquidthat isnt boiling this process isthat isnt boiling this process isevaporation.evaporation.


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Molecules in the liquid breakMolecules in the liquid break

away and enter the gas oraway and enter the gas orvapor state only the ones withvapor state only the ones withenough kinetic energy.enough kinetic energy.

Evaporation is cooling processEvaporation is cooling process


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Boiling pointBoiling point

Heating allows largerHeating allows larger

numbers of particles at thenumbers of particles at theliquids surface to overcomeliquids surface to overcome

the attractive forces keepingthe attractive forces keepingthem in the liquid state.them in the liquid state.


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Boiling PointBoiling Point

Boiling point is theBoiling point is the

temperature at which thetemperature at which thevapor pressure of the liquid isvapor pressure of the liquid isjust equal to the externaljust equal to the external

pressure.pressure.

Boiling is a process similar toBoiling is a process similar to

evaporation.evaporation.


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AModel For LiquidsAModel For Liquids

-- Particles in liquids are free toParticles in liquids are free togo past one another.go past one another.

-- Unlike gases, liquid particlesUnlike gases, liquid particlesattract to each other ratherattract to each other ratherthan separate.than separate.

-- These attractive forces areThese attractive forces arecalled intermolecular forces.called intermolecular forces.


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-- Molecules vibrate to keep theMolecules vibrate to keep the

Kinetic energy moving.Kinetic energy moving.-- However, they need muchHowever, they need muchmore energy to undergo amore energy to undergo a

gaseous state.gaseous state.


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-- -- Therefore solids and liquidsTherefore solids and liquids

are very similar because noare very similar because nomatter the pressure that is putmatter the pressure that is puton their volumes, it will noton their volumes, it will not

change the volume. Solids andchange the volume. Solids andliquids are called condensedliquids are called condensedstates of matterstates of matter..


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Water molecules evaporatingWater molecules evaporating


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The cycle of evaporationThe cycle of evaporation


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Video and QuizVideo and Quiz


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Questions:Questions:

When temperature is lowered how do moleculesWhen temperature is lowered how do moleculesreact?react?

What is needed for molecules to start movingWhat is needed for molecules to start movingfast again?fast again?

At what temperature does ice vaporize?At what temperature does ice vaporize? How do the molecules react when vaporizing?How do the molecules react when vaporizing? In a sealed container what is the gas above theIn a sealed container what is the gas above the

water called?water called?


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Slideshow QuizSlideshow Quiz

What is the difference between evaporation andWhat is the difference between evaporation andvaporization?vaporization?

What happens when liquid is in a sealedWhat happens when liquid is in a sealedcontainer?container? What happens when water reaches boilingWhat happens when water reaches boiling

point?point?

What is the difference between gas and liquidWhat is the difference between gas and liquidparticles?particles? Why do molecules vibrate?Why do molecules vibrate?

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Period 5, Liquids