US-Russian Scientific ConferenceUS-Russian Scientific Conference::“MEAT PRODUCTS“MEAT PRODUCTS SAFETYSAFETY - - FROM FARM TO TABLE” FROM FARM TO TABLE”

The V.M.Gorbatov All-Russian Meat Research InstituteThe V.M.Gorbatov All-Russian Meat Research Institute, , MoscowMoscow, , April April 18-2018-20, , 2006 г.2006 г.

Perfecto Santiago, USDA, USAPerfecto Santiago, USDA, USA

Beef and Pork Biosecurity in the USABeef and Pork Biosecurity in the USA

FSIS Food Defense FSIS Food Defense InitiativesInitiativesDr. Perfecto R. SantiagoDr. Perfecto R. Santiago

Deputy Assistant AdministratorDeputy Assistant AdministratorOffice of Food Defense and Emergency ResponseOffice of Food Defense and Emergency Response

Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS)Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS)United States Department of AgricultureUnited States Department of Agriculture

USDA Food Safety and Inspection USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS)Service (FSIS)

• Mission: To ensure meat, poultry and egg products are safe, secure, wholesome and are accurately labeled.

• National Infrastructure of 15 districts, 3 laboratories, headquarters staff, and approximately 12,000 total personnel (7,500 field)

• Annual Budget: $950 million

Office of Food Defense and Office of Food Defense and Emergency ResponseEmergency Response

• Created in August 2002

• Mission: Develop, maintain, and coordinate all FSIS activities to prepare for, respond to, and recover from large scale food emergencies or deliberate acts of terrorism affecting the meat, poultry and egg products.

• Staff: 25 FT Specialists.

Food Defense GoalsFood Defense Goals

• To prevent an attack or minimize its impact• To respond rapidly and efficiently• To recover quickly and restore consumer

confidence in the food supply• To focus activities on greatest risks• Integrate food safety and food defense

resources to the extent possible

Food Defense ChallengesFood Defense Challenges

• Food defense as a new and distinct dimension of food safety

• Lack of specific statutory authority to mandate security measures

• Food security education and training as a new discipline• Vulnerability of multiple nodes in the farm to table

continuum to bioterrorism• Integration of surveillance systems of food safety

regulatory agencies• Disposal of large quantities of contaminated products• Informing the intelligence community of food threat

information

Supplementary AuthoritiesSupplementary Authorities

• Homeland Security Presidential Directives (12)

• Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act (PL-107-188, signed June 12, 2002)– Sec. 332 – Expansion of FSIS activities to

include protection against bioterrorism.

Relevant Homeland Security Relevant Homeland Security Presidential Directives Presidential Directives

• HSPD–3 – Homeland Security Advisory System• HSPD-5 – Management of Domestic Incidents• HSPD-7 – Critical Infrastructure Identification,

Prioritization, and Protection.• HSPD-8 – National Preparedness• HSPD-9 – Defense of U.S. Agriculture and Food

Food Defense Initiatives Food Defense Initiatives

• Enhance Response Capabilities• Conduct Vulnerability Assessments and Deploy

Countermeasures• Enhance International Security• Conduct Research and Enhance Laboratory Security and

Coordination Activities• Conduct Simulation Exercises• Enhance Surveillance Activities• Expand Coordination with Government, Industry, and

Public Partners• Develop and Conduct Food Security Guidance Outreach• Develop/Revise Procedures for Threat Levels• Conduct Ongoing Workforce Education and Training

Enhance Response CapabilitiesEnhance Response Capabilities

• Establish the Emergency Management Committee (EMC) – Revise 6500.1 – Emergency Incident Response

• Establish Incident Commander and responsibilities• Develop an Incident Action Plan• Include natural disasters as non-routine incidents

• Establish a Situation Room for EMC activities• Establish documentation procedures (Non-Routine

Incident Report)• Identify lessons learned after each EMC

activation/exercise• Ensure delivery of essential functions in emergencies

Enhance Response CapabilitiesEnhance Response Capabilities

• Developing a Directive on Decontamination and Disposal

• Developing a list of Subject Matter Experts (SME’s)

• Developing State Food Safety and Security Contact Guide and an Integrated State Emergency Contact List for all District Offices

Conduct Vulnerability Assessments Conduct Vulnerability Assessments and Deploy Countermeasuresand Deploy Countermeasures

• Conduct/Update Vulnerability Assessments (VA) of domestic and imported Product using CARVER+Shock– 8 completed VA’s on domestic and imported foods– Strategic Partnership Program Agroterrorism

• Validate completed V A’s• New VA

• Identify new technologies as countermeasures for vulnerabilities

CARVERCARVER• Considers seven factors that affect the

attractiveness of a target:– Criticality – Public health and economic impacts to

achieve the attacker’s intent– Accessibility – Physical access to the target

– Recuperability – Ability of the system to recover from the attack

– Vulnerability – Ease of accomplishing the attack

– Effect – Amount of direct loss from an attack

– Recognizability – Ease of identifying a target

– Shock – Combined physical, public health, psychological, and economic effects of an attack

Enhance International SecurityEnhance International Security

• Hire additional Import Surveillance Liaison Officers (ISLO’s)

• Established a Memorandum of Understanding with Customs and Border Protection.

• Conduct vulnerability assessment on illegal imports.

• Link FSIS with International Trade Data System (ITDS)

• Participate in the G8 Meeting of Experts

Conduct Research and Enhance Conduct Research and Enhance Laboratory Security and Laboratory Security and

CoordinationCoordination• Testing emergency response plans of three FSIS

laboratories• Co-chairs (with FDA) the Integrated Consortium of

Laboratory Networks• Signed an MOU with Lawrence Livermore Laboratory

and Aberdeen Laboratories• OPHS -Food Emergency Response Network (FERN)

Division• Established a Biosecurity Level 3 Laboratory in Athens,

GA. • Conducting research on a number of threat agents.• Planning workshops on VA with APEC countries

Conduct Simulation ExercisesConduct Simulation Exercises

• (6) State Exercises in 2006 in 6 Districts –Albany,NY., Raleigh,NC.(completed), Madison, WI.,Alameda, CA (completed), Chicago, Ill., Minneapolis, MN.) – – Incident Command System– Non Routine Incident Reporting

Enhance Surveillance ActivitiesEnhance Surveillance Activities

• Enhanced Consumer Complaint Monitoring System– 24/7 operations– Linkage with States

• Continue performing food defense verification activities and analyze findings.

• Developing the Automated Non-Routine Incident Reporting System (NRIMS)

• Developing Food and Agriculture Bio Surveillance Integration System (FABIS) and link to National Integrated Bio Surveillance System (NBIS)

• Member of the USDA Intelligence Council• Enhancing coordination with regional, local intelligence

community • Analyze food safety samples for threat agents as well.

Expand Coordination with Expand Coordination with Government, Industry and Public Government, Industry and Public

PartnersPartners• Established an MOU with Customs and Border

Protection• Developed a template for food emergency response

through a cooperative agreement with National Association of State Departments of Agriculture

• Coordinating with Association of Food and Drug Officials on food defense initiatives

• Participating in the Strategic Partnership Program Agroterrorism (SPPA) Initiative

• Conducting joint exercises with state and local responders on ICS/NRIR systems.

Develop Food Security Guidelines Develop Food Security Guidelines and Conduct Outreach Initiativesand Conduct Outreach Initiatives

• Conducted Food Security Awareness Training

• Developed Model Food Defense Plans (4)

• Conducted workshops on Model Food Security Plans– “Food Security – Make it Your Business” – Puerto Rico Webcast – Dec. 9

• Developed Food Security Self-Assessment Checklist

• CARVER + Shock Briefings of the Industry– Food Products Association– National Meat Association– United Egg Association– National Chicken Council– Farm Service Agency (FSA)

• Food processors, transporters, distributors, Food processors, transporters, distributors, consumers and FSIS employeesconsumers and FSIS employees

• Available at: Available at: www.fsis.usda.gov

Food Defense GuidelinesFood Defense Guidelines

Develop/Revise Procedures for Develop/Revise Procedures for Threat LevelsThreat Levels

• Updating Agency responses to different threat declaration levels

• Revising FSIS Directives 5420.1– 5420.1 (Rev. 2) – July 20, 2005– Reduce number of food security verification

procedures to focus surveillance activities on areas with the highest risks.

Conduct Workforce Education and Conduct Workforce Education and Training Training

• Conducted Bio Security Awareness Training

• Training of Veterinarians on Foreign Animal Diseases

• Developing Advanced Food Defense Training on Weapons of Mass Destruction and Critical Infrastructure Protection

• Developing Security Interactive Knowledge Exchange (SIKES)

• Incident Command System Training – ICS 100, ICS 200

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Next Steps..Next Steps..

• To sustain the recognition of food defense as a distinct dimension of food safety.

• To establish an integrated surveillance database framework that will fuse all existing systems of the agency and link it to a national surveillance database.

• To enhance international coordination with partner countries in the protection of critical infrastructures esp. food and agriculture from intentional attacks.

• To intensify efforts to control illegal imports

Thank you..Thank you..

• QUESTIONS?

Contact Information:

Dr. Perfecto R. Santiago

(201) 205-0452

Perfecto.santiago@fsis.usda.gov