Perfect Passive Participle Slides

1. I see the dog.

2. The dog is seen by me.

3. The dog hearing the whistle

4. The whistle heard by the dog

ACTIVE verb

PASSIVE verb

PASSIVE participle

ACTIVE participle

In example 1, what is the subject doing?

What about in 2?

1. I see the dog.

2. The dog is seen by me.

3. The dog hearing the whistle

4. The whistle heard by the dog

ACTIVE verb

PASSIVE verb

PASSIVE participle

ACTIVE participle

So with an active verb, the subject is the ACTOR / DOER of the verb.

With a passive verb, the subject is ACTED UPON by the verb.

1. I see the dog.

2. The dog is seen by me.

3. The dog hearing the whistle

4. The whistle heard by the dog

ACTIVE verb

PASSIVE verb

PASSIVE participle

ACTIVE participle

And with an active participle, the noun is the ACTOR / DOER of the participle.

With a passive participle, the noun is ACTED UPON by the participle.

With an ACTIVE participle, the noun described by the participle is DOING the action of the participle (often acting upon an object).

Examples:

The person READING (the book)

The boy THROWING the ball

puer pilam IACIENS

With a PASSIVE participle, the noun described by the participle is the thing ACTED UPON by the participle.

Examples:the thrown ball (the ball which was thrown)

the eaten cake (the cake which was eaten)

the taught student (the student who was taught)

What word in this passage do you think is a passive participle? Hint: what sentence already has a verb with another verb formation?

laudo, laudare, laudavi, LAUDATUM

Yes, we finally get to use the

4th Principal Part of your verbs!!!

Remember, a Participle is an Adjective formed from a Verb.

• So what type of adjective is the Perfect Passive Participle?

laudatus, laudata, laudatum

Recall the Present Active Participle was a 3rd Declension Adjective (laudans, laudantis, laudanti, etc.)

How to form the Perf. Pass. Partic.

• Go to the 4th Principal Part (which is the Neuter Nom. Sing. PPP)

• Drop the ‘-um’ ending and add any 1st/2nd Declension Adjective Ending

(like bonus, bona, bonum)

The Perfect Passive Participle (Sing)

laudo, are, avi,laudatum Masc Fem Neut

Nomin. laudatus laudata laudatum

Gen. laudati laudatae laudati

Dat. laudato laudatae laudato

Accus laudatum laudatam laudatum

Abl laudato laudatā laudato

The Perfect Passive Participle (Plur)

laudo, are, avi,laudatum

Masc Fem Neut

Nomin. laudati laudatae laudata

Gen. laudatorum laudatarum laudatorum

Dat. laudatis laudatis laudatis

Accus laudatos laudatas laudata

Abl laudatis laudatis laudatis