Geoffrey Chaucer, ca. 1340–1400

Bertrand du Guesclin, ca. 1320–1380

1350 1400

|ca. 1390

Anonymous:Codex Wallerstein (older portion)

ca. 1295Anonymous:

I.33 ms.

|1389

Hanko Döbringer:Fechtbuch

| 1353

Boccaccio: Decameron

| 1380

Wycliffe’s English Bible

|1346

Battle of Crécy

| |1347–51

The Black Death

|1361

Battle of Wisby

|1356

Battle ofPoitiers

|1396

Battle ofNicopolis

|1386

Battle ofSempach

|ca. 1370Janissariesestablished

|1389

Battle of Kossovo

→

Hundred Years War

Henry V

Jan Hus

Petrarch, 1304–1374

A Timeline ofHistorical European

Martial ArtsWith Divers Sanguinary Battles and Sieges,

and the Life-Spans of Important Historical

Persons Appended, as Well as Certain Other

Noteworthy Events

From the Publisher of

<www.wmaillustrated.com>

© MMVII, Peregrinus Publishing Co.

WMA IllustratedShowcasing the Western Hemisphere’s rich fighting arts heritage

Western Martial Arts

Leonardo da Vinci

Lorenzo de’ Medici, 1449–1492

Niccolo Machiavelli

1400 1450 1500

|1409

Fiore dei Liberi:Fior de Battaglia

|1423

Dom Duarte:Regimentio de las armas

|1434

Dom Duarte:Bem Cavalgar

|ca. 1450s

Anonymous:Codex Wallerstein

(text)

|1452

Peter von Danzig:Fechtbuch

|1462

Paulus Kal:Fechtbuch

|1482

Hans Lecküchner:Fechtbuch

|ca. 1450–70Anonymous:

Das Solothurner Fechtbuch

|ca. 1440

Sigmund Ringeck:Fechtbuch

ca. 1440–1480Anonymous:

Le Jeu de la Hache

|1443

Hans Talhoffer: Fechtbuch

|1459

Talhoffer: Fechtbuch

|1467

Talhoffer: Fechtbuch

|ca. 1485

Filippo Vadi:Arte Gladiatoria Dimicandi

| 1480

Second Siege of Rhodes

| 1492

Siege ofGranada

| 1444

First Siege of Rhodes

| 1461

Battle ofTowton

| 1485

Battle ofBosworth

| 1487

Landsknechts first mustered

| 1498

Dürer’sApocalypse

| 1415

Duc de Berry’sTrès Riches Heures

| 1465

First printed music

| 1470

First romantypeface

| 1453Fall of

Constantinople

| 1455

Gutenberg’s 42-line Bible

|1471

First ItalianBible printed

|1410

Battle ofTannenberg

|1402

Battle ofAnkara

|1431

Jeanne d’Arc killed

| |1497–99da Gama’s

voyage to India

|1476

Battle ofGrandson

|1415

Battle ofAgincourt

|1429

Battle ofOrleans

Wars of the Roses, 1455–1485

Hussite Wars, 1419–1436

Voyages of Zheng He, 1405–1430

1387–1422

1369?–1415

1337–1453

|1493

Ponç de Menaguerra:Lo Cavaller

1452–1519

Martin Luther, 1483–1546

1469–1527

Charles V, 1500–1558

Michelangelo, 1475–1564

Galileo Galilei, 1564–1642

Elizabeth I, 1533–1603

Suleiman the Magnificent, 1494–1566

Philip II, 1527–1598

1500 1550 1600

|1512

Albrecht Dürer:Fechtbuch

|1570

Joachim Meyer: Kunst der fechtens

|1536

Achille Marozzo:Opera Nova

|1531

Antonio Manciolino: Opera Nova

|1536

Calvin: Institutes ofthe Christian Religion

|ca. 1553

Angelo Viggiani: Lo Schermo

|1550

Achille Marozzo:Il Duello

| 1513

Machiavelli:The Prince

| 1503

da Vinci:Mona Lisa

| 1513Battle

of Flodden

| 1526

Battle ofMohacs

| 1543

Vesalius: De humani corporis

| 1569

Mercator’s world map

| 1539

Henry VIIIdissolves monasteries

|1527

Sack ofRome

|1521

Cortez over-throws Aztecs

Hapsburg-Valois Wars (Italian Wars), 1494–1559 French Wars of Religion, 1562–1598

|1532

Pizarro over-throws Incas

| |1508–12

Sistine Chapel ceiling

| |1577–80Drake’s

circumnavigation

1545–63, Council of Trent

|1565

Siege ofMalta

|1572

St. Bartholomew’sDay Massacre

|1517

Luther’s 95 Theses

|1540Jesuits

founded

|1582

Gregoriancalendar

|1588

Battle of theArmada

|1591

Battle of Tondibi

|1571

Battle ofLepanto

|1547

Battle ofMühlberg

|ca. 1580

Montaigne: Essays

|1568

Achille Marozzo:Arte Dell’Armi

|1599

George Silver:Paradoxes of Defence

|1570

Giacomo di Grassi: Ragione di Adoprar Sicuramente l’Arme si

da Offesa come da Difesa

|1553

Camillo Agrippa:Trattato di Scientia

d’Arme

|1509

Pietro Monte: Artis militaris collectanea

(the earliest surviving printed arms manual )

1573 Henri de Sainct-Didier:

Traicté sur l’espée seule

|1595

“Vincentio Saviolo”: His Practice

|1569

Jeronimo de Caranza: “Destreza”

1529 First Siegeof Vienna

→

1522 Arrighi: Operina

→

ca. 1568 Thomas Tallis: Spem in Alium

→

ca. 1550 Paulus Hector Mair:

Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica

→

1548 Juan Quixada de

Reayo: Doctrina delarte de la cavalliera

→

1522 Third Siege of Rhodes

→

→

1572 Giovanni Dall’Agocchie:

Dell’arte di scrimia

→

William Shakespeare, 1564–1616

| |1519–22Magellan’s

circumnavigation

|1553

Marcantonio Pagano: Tre Giornate

1600 Luis Pacheco de Narvaez:

Libro de las grandezas de la espada

→

ca. 1645 Miyamoto Musashi:

Book of Five Rings

→

Rembrandt van Rijn, 1606–1669

Moliere 1622–1673

Cardinal de Richelieu, 1585–1642

|1621

Bonaventura Pistofilo: Oplomachia

|1670

Giuseppe Pallavicini: La scherma illustrata

|1670

Philibert de la Touche: Les Vrayes principes

de l’espee seule

|1674

Nicolaes Petter: Clear Instructions on the

Excellent Art of Wrestling

|1630

Girard Thibault: Academie de l’espee

|1639

Anon. (Gideon Ashwell?):Pallas Armata,

the Gentleman’s Armourie

|1640

Francesco Alfieri:L’Arte di Ben Maneggiare la Spada

|1686

Andre de Liancour:Le Maistre d’armes

|1686

Francesco Marcelli:Regole della Scherma

|1637

Rene Descartes: Discours de la Methode

|1678

John Bunyan: The Pilgrim’s Progress

|1688

The “Glorious Revolution”

|1692

Salem witch trials

|1651

Thomas Hobbes: Leviathan

|1689

Battle ofKilliekrankie

|1687

Isaac Newton: Philosophiae naturalis principia mathematica

|1632

First Battle of Breitenfeld

|1683

Second Siegeof Vienna

|ca. 1600

Shakespeare: Hamlet

1650 17001600

Thirty Years War, 1618–48

1642–48English Civil War

|1620

Pilgrims establish Plymouth Colony

|1643

Taj Mahal completed

|1644

Milton: Areopagitica

|1607

Jamestown colonyestablished

|1626

Peter Minuit buys Manhattan

|1611

King James Biblepublished

|ca. 1603

George Silver:Brief Instructions

|1606

Salvatore Fabris:Lo Schermo, overoScienza d’Arme

|1606

Nicoletto Giganti: Schola, overo Teatro

|1610

Ridolfo Capo Ferro:Gran Simulacro dell’Arte e

dell’ Uso della Scherma

Louis IV (The “Sun King”), 1638–1715

Isaac Newton, 1642–1727

|1617

Joseph Swetnam:The Schoole of the Noble and

Worthy Science of Defence

1750 18001700

|1707

Sir William Hope: The New, Short and Easy

Method of Fencing

|1789

Daniel Mendoza: The Art of Boxing

|1747

Capt. John Godfrey:A Treatise Upon the

Useful Science of Defence

|1728

Donald McBaneThe Expert Sword-Man’s

Companion

|1790

“A Highland Officer”:Anti-Pugilism

|1711

Zachary Wylde: The English Master

of Defence

|1763

Domenico Angelo: The School of Arms

|1799

Henry Angelo: Hungarian and

Highland Broadsword

|1719

Daniel Defoe: Robinson Crusoe

1701–14War of the Spanish

Succession

George Washington, 1732–1799

Napoleon Bonaparte, 1769–1821

1775–83American

Revolutionary War

1789–99French

Revolution

1756–63Seven Years’ War

1740–48War of the Austrian

Succession