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1 Perceptual Set A mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another. What you see in the center picture is influenced by flanking pictures. F r o m S h e p a r d , 1 9 9 0 .

Perceptual Set

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Perceptual Set. A mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another. What you see in the center picture is influenced by flanking pictures. From Shepard, 1990. ONLY THE LEFT SIDE OF THE ROOM SHOULD LOOK AT THE NEXT SLIDE… READY?. STUDY THIS COSTUME PARTY POSTER. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Perceptual Set

1

Perceptual SetA mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another. What you see in

the center picture is influenced by flanking pictures.

From Shepard, 1990.

Page 2: Perceptual Set

ONLY THE LEFT SIDE OF THE ROOM SHOULD LOOK AT THE

NEXT SLIDE…

READY?

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STUDY THIS

COSTUME PARTY POSTER

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ONLY THE RIGHT SIDE OF THE ROOM SHOULD LOOK AT

THE NEXT SLIDE…

READY?

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STUDY THIS

POSTER FOR A TRAINED SEAL ACT

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In the picture was there:

1. An automobile

2. A man

3. A woman

4. A child

5. An animal

6. A whip

7. A sword

8. A man’s hat

9. A ball

10. A fish

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Perceptual (set) Habit:

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Past experience helps us “fill the rest in”

XXX XARMER PLOWED THE FIXXX

XXX XRACTOR WAS IN THE BXXX

Fascinating fairytales of faraway lands are the fertilizer for the fructification of the creative minds of the future.

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Only the Left Side Look

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Only the right side look

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LEFT SIDE OF ROOM: UNSCRAMBLE THESE LETTERS

CDKU

GPI

YKMNEO

AEP

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RIGHT SIDE OF ROOM: UNSCRAMBLE THESE LETTERS

ROCN

ROCRAT

NBAE

AEP

Page 17: Perceptual Set

ROCN

ROCRAT

NBAE

AEP

CDKU

GPI

YKMNEO

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(a) Loch ness monster or a tree trunk; (b) Flying

saucers or clouds?

Perceptual SetOther examples of perceptual set.

Frank Searle, photo Adam

s/ Corbis-Sygm

a

Dick R

uhl

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Gestalt• Max

Wertheimer• The Whole is

more than the sum of its parts.

• The “Law of Prägnanz”– (simplicity)

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Form Perception• Figure-Ground• Ambiguous Figure

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Can you Find the Hidden Tiger

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Perceptual Grouping

• Proximity• Similarity• Continuity• Connectedness• Closure

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Proximity

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Proximity

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Similarity

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Continuity

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Connectedness

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Closure

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Depth Perception

• Monocular Cues – Depth cues that can be seen using only one eye– Relative Size– Overlap/Interposition– Aerial Perspective– Texture Gradient– Linear Perspective– Motion Parallax

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Relative Size

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Overlap/Interposition

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Aerial Perspective

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Texture Gradient

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Linear Perspective

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Motion Parallax

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Perception of Motion

• Induced Motion (Karl Duncker)– Imagine sitting in a train and the there is a train

next to yours. When the other train moves, at first it might feel that your train is moving backwards.

• Stroboscopic Motion– Cartoon

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Phi Phenomenon

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Perceptual Constancy• Size – The ability to retain size no

matter where it is located.– Things get smaller with more

distance despite its change on the retina!

• Color – Decide color, visual network

works on its own.– Increases or decreases

• Shape / Brightness– fixed even if retina’s image

changes – Rods/ cones compensate

• Space – Self vs. object motion

• Hold things steady, in order to maintain control, to make sense out of environment.

• Influenced by experience.

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Depth Perception (Binocular Depth Cues)

• Binocular (retinal) disparity– Images from your 2 eyes differ

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This is the one where you use a tube to make it seem that there is a hole in your hand.

You look at something 15 feet away while looking through the tube. Then bring you other hand up in front of your other eye not looking through the tube.

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Binocular CuesConvergence: Neuromuscular cues. When two eyes move inward (towards the nose)

to see near objects and outward (away from the nose) to see faraway objects.

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Sensory Interaction

• Senses work together– Vision and vestibular sense• When our sense of vision and our vestibular sense do

not match up = Sickness– Taste and Smell– Hand/Eye Coordination– Vision and proprioceptors

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Perceptual Adaptation

Visual ability to adjust to an

artificially displaced visual field, e.g., prism glasses.

Courtesy of H

ubert Dolezal

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STROOP EFFECT

EASY DIRECTIONS:

REPORT THE COLOR OF EACH ITEM.

DO NOT SAY THE WORD.

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