Perceptual Perceptual InterpretationInterpretationChapter 6, Lecture 6Chapter 6, Lecture 6

“The river of perception is fed by sensation,cognition, and emotion.”

- David Myers

Perceptual Interpretation

Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) maintained that knowledge comes from our inborn ways of

organizing sensory experiences.

John Locke (1632-1704) argued that we learn to perceive the world through our

experiences.

How important is experience in shaping ourperceptual interpretation?

Sensory Deprivation & Restored Vision

After cataract surgery, blind adults were able to regain sight. These

individuals could differentiate figure and ground relationships, yet they had difficulty distinguishing a circle

and a triangle (Von Senden, 1932).

Facial Recognition

After blind adults regained sight, they

were able to recognize distinct features, but

were unable to recognize faces.

Normal observers also show difficulty in facial recognition when the

lower half of the pictures are changed.

Courtesy of R

ichard LeG

rand

Kittens raised without exposure to horizontal lines later had difficulty

perceiving horizontal bars.

Blakemore & Cooper (1970)

Sensory Deprivation

Perceptual Adaptation

Visual ability to adjust to an artificially

displaced visual field, e.g., prism glasses. C

ourtesy of Hubert D

olezal

Let’s watch a video clip of this

phenomenon…

Perceptual Set

A mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another. What you see in the center picture is influenced by flanking pictures.

From Shepard, 1990.

(a) Loch ness monster or a tree trunk; (b) Flying

saucers or clouds?

Perceptual Set

Other examples of perceptual set.

Frank Searle, photo Adam

s/ C

orbis-Sygma

Dick R

uhl

Is the “magician cabinet” on the floor or hanging from the ceiling?

Context Effects

Context can radically alter perception.

To an East African, the woman sitting is balancing a metal box on her head, while the family is sitting

under a tree.

Cultural ContextContext instilled by culture also alters

perception.

Perception Revisited

Is perception innate or acquired?

Perception Revisited

Is perception innate or acquired?

“Once we have formed a wrong idea aboutreality, we have more difficulty seeing thetruth.”

- David Myers

Perception and the Human Factor

Human Factors Psychology: a branch ofpsychology that explores how people andmachines interact and how machines andphysical environments can be made safe andeasy to use.

HomeworkAY Questions – p.245, 281 (10 pts)Read p.282-285

“Does the effect of early experience last alifetime? For some aspects of visual andauditory perception, the answer is clearly yes:‘Use it soon or lose it.’ We retain the imprintof early sensory experiences far into the future.”

- David Myers