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Perception and Knowledge of Hospice of
Nursing Students
Eunjoo Lee1, Suyoung Kwak
2
1Dept. of Nursing, Kyungnam University, Dept of Nursing
7 Kyungnamdaehak-Ro, Masanhappo-Gu, Changwon-Si, Gyeongsangnam-Do 51767, KOREA
[email protected] 2Dept. of Nursing, Keimyung College University, Dept of Nursing
675 Dalgubul-Daro, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 42601, KOREA
Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Abstract. The purpose of this study was to investigate the perception and
knowledge about hospice in 450 nursing students working in Daegu and
Gyeongbuk area. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics,
t-test and ANOVA. The scores of hospice knowledge were relatively high at
31.7/38.0 scores and „recognition of the need for hospice‟ was also high
(98.27%). But clinical experience of hospice unit was 4.9% and the experience
of receiving a class of hospice and spiritual care was 37.6%. It means that,
compared with the needs and awareness of hospice, hospice education has not
been conducted properly. Therefore, it is necessary to have the students experi-
ence nursing and acquire technical knowledge so that they may be able to care
for terminal patients and their families.
Keywords: University, Students, Hospice, Perception, Knowledge
1 Introduction
Lately, advance in medical techniques has changed the aspects of disease and in-
creased the number of terminal cancer patients who come to breathe their last at hospi-
tal [1]. Terminal cancer patients suffer from severe pain and are faced with a problem
in mind because death is imminent without possibility for cure. Besides, family mem-
bers must experience diverse problems including anxiety, loneliness, avoidance as
well as physical fatigue. Hospice was proposed as an alternative for efficiently manag-
ing demands from sufferings confronted by such cancer patients and their families [2].
In facing a patient in the suffering of death, medical person needs to have the pa-
tient accept his death positively with the right perception about death [3]. However, it
was turned out that most nurses, who have failed to receive hospice education proper-
ly before graduation or even during work as a nurse [4], showed low self-confidence
about caring for terminal patients [5]. Especially, nursing college students are lacking
in the caring for terminal patients with fear about facing a dying terminal patient [6]. It
is needed to prepare for caring for terminal patients and their family by broadening
Advanced Science and Technology Letters Vol.116 (Healthcare and Nursing 2015), pp.217-220
http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2015.116.44
ISSN: 2287-1233 ASTL Copyright © 2015 SERSC
general understanding about hospice through hospice education before they enter into
a nursing career.
Advanced countries are already making endeavors for hospice education centering
on colleges. The UK included hospice in undergraduate course [7] while Australia is
giving practical and clinical support so that colleges may integrate hospice in their
medical care and nursing curriculums [8]. In Korea, hospice education or activity is
performed centering on hospice-related organization, hospital, etc. However, hospice
education is lacking on the scene of nursing colleges.
Most of foregoing studies were found to simply concern perceptions about hospice,
attitude toward death, etc., so there are hardly any ones that look into the knowledge
of hospice based on guidelines [9, 10]. Accordingly, this study was aimed to grasp the
nursing college students‟ actual condition and knowledge including perception about
hospice and, by analyzing the related characteristics, to provide basic data for promot-
ing hospice education program at college.
2 Method
2.1 Study Design and Sample
This study is a descriptive research to grasp the perception and knowledge about hos-
pice in nursing college students. To increase the representative nature of samples, it
used disproportional stratified sampling with 9 colleges out of 46 colleges located in
Daegu-Gyungbuk area on the subject of total 450 nursing students, 50 students for
each college.
2.2 Data analyses
In this study, data was analyzed through descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA
using SPSS/Win18.0 program, and scheffe analysis was conducted for post-hoc test on
differential groups.
3 Result
3.1 Hospice Knowledge
Advanced Science and Technology Letters Vol.116 (Healthcare and Nursing 2015)
218 Copyright © 2015 SERSC
Table 1. Hospice Knowledge (N=433)
Hospice Knowledge Bottom Top M(SD)
Total Scores 8 37 31.70(3.5)
3.2 Knowledge about hospice by the subject’s hospice-related characteristics
Table 2. Knowledge about hospice by hospice-related characteristics (N =433)
Characteristics Category n M(SD) F or t p Scheffe
Ever experienced to hear of
hospice?
Yes 423 31.73(3.52) -.69
.490
No 10 32.50(2.32)
Ever practiced in hospice
ward?
Yes 21 31.81(4.76) .09
.930
No 412 31.74(3.43)
Ever experienced in
spiritual care or hospice
class
Yes 163 32.85(.10)
1.76 .080 No 270 31.83(.09)
Your family or neighbors
ever experienced in receiv-
ing hospice service?
Yes 25 32.12(3.85)
1.76 .080 No 408 31.51(3.26)
Perception about the need
for hospice
Absolutely neededa 155 32.04(3.30)
3.85 .022 a>b Needed 270 31.67(3.29)
No needb 8 28.63(9.35)
Hospice provider
Doctora 6 26.83(4.92)
6.48
<.001
b>a
c>a, d
Nurseb 348 31.84(3.25)
Social welfare worker 21 30.52(4.09)
Priest 45 32.84(2.69)
Volunteer work 13 29.46(6.79)
4 Conclusion
As a result of this study, most nursing college students (97.7%) have heard of hospice,
showing a generally high degree of hospice knowledge, too (31.7 points/38.0 in full).
Advanced Science and Technology Letters Vol.116 (Healthcare and Nursing 2015)
Copyright © 2015 SERSC 219
Besides, as they knew more about the necessity of hospice and more regarded provid-
er of hospice as nurses, they showed a higher knowledge about hospice. It was also
found that there was not sufficient classes for theory and practice on hospice in the
regular curriculum of nursing department to meet the students demand and perception.
This leads us to the conclusion that for the hospice work of total care, promoting clin-
ical education is needed to meet terminal cancer patients and families in person as
well as for theory education, including understanding of death and spiritual care, ra-
ther than simple memory of knowledge.
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Advanced Science and Technology Letters Vol.116 (Healthcare and Nursing 2015)
220 Copyright © 2015 SERSC
