Per H. Jensen and Rasmus J. Møberg€¦ · Per H. Jensen and Rasmus J. Møberg ... 266806. The project started January 1 2011 and ended April 30 2014. ... ES-ISCED V2, higher tertiary

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FLOWS WORKING PAPER

SERIES

NO. 61/2016

Per H. Jensen and Rasmus J. Møberg

The FLOWS survey questionnaire

FLOWS: Impact of local welfare systems on female

labour force participation and social cohesion

2

FLOWS Working Paper

Editor: Per H. Jensen

E-mail: [email protected]

www.flows-eu.eu

Working papers may be ordered from:

Inge Merete Ejsing-Duun

Fibigerstræde 1

9220 Aalborg Ø

E-mail: [email protected]

Tlf: (+45) 99 40 82 18

Fax: (+45) 98 15 53 46

Aalborg 2016

ISSN 2246-4840

http://www.flows-eu.eu/

3

About the FLOWS project:

The FLOWS project has been funded under the EU FP7 program, grant Agreement no:

266806. The project started January 1 2011 and ended April 30 2014.

The FLOWS project analyses the causes and effects of women‟s labour market integration,

which is an issue that represents a major challenge for the European Union and its member

states, and is supposedly also a precondition for the sustainability of the European social

model. The overall aim is to analyse (1) how local welfare systems support women‟s labour

market participation, as well as (2) the extent to which (and under which conditions) female

labour market integration has contributed to the strengthening social cohesion. The project

focuses on how public and private welfare services such as care and lifelong learning

intended to support women‟s labour market integration have been designed; on how women

of different classes, qualifications, ethnicities, and geographical locations have grasped and

made use of such policies, and on how the increase in women‟s labour market integration

has affected structures of inequality and social cohesion.

The study is based on in-depth analysis of eleven cities, i.e. one city in eleven different

countries. The cities/countries are: Brno/Czech Republic, Aalborg/Denmark, Tartu/Estonia,

Jyväskylä/Finland, Nantes/France, Hamburg/Germany, Székesfehérvar/Hungary,

Dublin/Ireland, Bologna/Italy, Terrassa/Spain, and Leeds/UK.

The FLOWS project is composed by 6 academic work packages:

WP 1: Degree and structures of women's labour market integration

WP 2: Local production systems

WP 3: The local welfare system

WP 4: Local policy formation/local political actors

WP 5: Survey questionnaire

WP 6: Women‟s decision making

WP 7: Social structures: cohesion or cleavages and segregation

This working paper series reports work conducted in the seven work packages.

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Introduction

The overall aim of the FLOWS-project is twofold:

1. The first aim is to analyse how local welfare systems support women‟s labour market

participation.

2. The second aim is to analyse the extent to which (and under which conditions) female

labour market integration has contributed to strengthening social cohesion.

The project focuses on how public and private welfare services such as care and life-long

learning systems intended to support women‟s labour market integration have been designed;

on how women of different classes, qualifications, ethnicities, and geographical locations

have grasped and made use of such policies, and on how the increase in women‟s labour

market integration has affected structures of inequality and social cohesion.

The aim of WP 5 is to get a clear view on women‟s attitudes and behaviours toward the

labour market and the effects on social cohesion. WP5 will take the form of a large-scale

survey among women in 11 cities in Europe.

The survey distinguishes between three groups of women: (1) gainfully employed, (2)

unemployed, and (3) women outside the labour market.

In this working paper the survey questionnaire is published. As it will appear, the survey is

composed by questions posed to all women as well as questions specifically targeting the

three different sub-groups of women.

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QUESTIONNAIRE 1: Instructions (this introductory section can be structured differently in each country, and also as

appropriate according to chosen interview method).

We would like to talk to/hear the opinions of a female member of the household aged 25-64.

Information for respondents:

We are doing a research project about what women think of their position in society and how this

relates to their working status. This research is being conducted in eleven European cities with women

between the ages of 25 and 64. The research in XXX is being conducted by the University of XXX. Your

responses will remain completely anonymous and no further attempt will be made to contact you as a

result of this interview, unless you choose to give your details to us.

The interview will take approximately xxx minutes/it will take approximately xx minutes to fill out the

questionnaire, and we would very much like you to participate.

For written questionnaires only: The questionnaire is in four parts, of which you will be asked to

complete two of these. Section 1 asks about your educational background and your family situation You

will be directed to the second set of questions we would like you to answer at the end of section 1.

For telephone interviews: Do you have any questions before we start the interview?

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Background variables

First I would like to ask a bit about yourself, your educational background and your family situation.

1.

First, please would you tell me your age? Age

Don’t know 8888

Refused to answer 9999

2.

What is the highest level of education you have

successfully completed?

Source: ESS (question F15, round 5)

National categories apply. ES-ISCED is used as a

common standard.

See also: Schneider (2010)

On the right you will find the common values

after recoding the national data.

England needs own question!

Interviewer instructions: The respondent is

asked about the highest level of education

completed, not the last diploma obtained

ES-ISCED I , less than lower secondary

ES-ISCED II, lower secondary

ES-ISCED IIIb, lower tier upper secondary

ES-ISCED IIIa, upper tier upper secondary

ES-ISCED IV, advanced vocational, sub-degree

6 ES-ISCED V1, lower tertiary education, BA level

ES-ISCED V2, higher tertiary education, >= MA level

Other

Don’t Know

http://ess.nsd.uib.no/streamer/?module=main&year=2011&country=null&download=Survey+documentation201102%23ESS5+-+Appendix1%2C+Education%2C+ed.1.0LanguagesEnglishESS5DataDocReportAppendix_A1_1.0.pdf

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3.

What is your current marital status?

(Interviewer instructions: cohabitation does not include persons without a partner living in a houseshare)

Married or cohabiting with your partner 1 Go to Q4

Single 2 Go to Q7

Separated 3 Go to Q7

Divorced 4 Go to Q7

Widowed 5 Go to Q7

Other 6 Go to Q7

Refused to answer 9 Go to Q7

Questions 4-6 are only for women who are married or co-habiting.

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You have indicated that you have a husband/partner. Before asking about you, I’d like to ask you a few

questions about your husband/partner’s educational background and working status.

4. (asked if q3=1)

What is the highest level of education your

husband/partner has successfully completed?

Source: ESS (question F45, round 5)

Se question 2 for comments

England needs own question!

Interviewer instructions: The respondent is

asked about the highest level of education

completed by the partner, not the last diploma

obtained

ES-ISCED I , less than lower secondary

ES-ISCED II, lower secondary

ES-ISCED IIIb, lower tier upper secondary

ES-ISCED IIIa, upper tier upper secondary

ES-ISCED IV, advanced vocational, sub-degree

6 ES-ISCED V1, lower tertiary education, BA level

ES-ISCED V2, higher tertiary education, >= MA level

Don’t know

Other

5. (asked if q3=1)

What is your husband’s / partner’s current employment status? (If your husband / partner have more than

one job, please tell me about the main job) (Interviewer instructions: Do not read alternatives out load)

Self-employed 1 Go to Q7

Employed full-time (Use national norms (DK: 37 hours)) 2 Go to Q7

Employed part-time (Everything less than full-time) 3 Go to Q7

Unemployed 4 Go to Q7

Outside the labour force (students are in this category) 5 Go to Q6

(Don’t know) 8 Go to Q7

(Refused to answer) 9 Go to Q7

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6.

You have said that your husband/partner is currently outside the labour force, state the main reason? (Only

one answer possible)

Student 1

Caring for children 2

Caring for a dependent adult 3

Temporarily sick or injured 4

Long-term sick or disabled 5

Does not need employment 6

Retired from paid work/pensioner 97

Others 8

(Don’t know) 88

(Refused to answer) 99

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I would like to ask you a little about the composition of your household

7.

How many people, including yourself, currently live in your household?(indicate

the total number of persons)

(Interviewer instructions: Household does not include cohabitation with friends,

persons living in a houseshare, tenants, or live in staff.)

If Q7=1 go to Q10


8.

I would now like to ask you about the people who live in your household in

addition to yourself and how they are related to you. Please start with the

youngest member of the household and tell me the age of the person and your

relationship to them (then the same for the second youngest member and

repeat this process until you have covered all the members of your household)

Age in

years Relation

Person number 1 (youngest person in household)

Person number 2

Person number 3

Person number …

Person number n (oldest person in household)


N= total number of persons in household

(Interviewer instructions:

Do not read “relations” categories out loud. If the respondent classifies her relation to a child as her child

(value = 1), no further probing needed.

If the youngest child is below one year of age, code as 0)

Coding instructions for the “Relations” category:

1: child, 2: step child, 3: adopted child, 4: Spouse/partner, 5: Mother (parent) , 6: Father (parent),

7: Mother in law 8: Father in law, 9: other relatives, 10: others

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9.

At home, how much of the housework (that is cleaning, cooking, shopping or other

daily tasks) are you responsible for? (Interviewer instructions: read alternatives out

load)

I do all of the housework 1

I do most of the housework 2

I do about half of the housework 3

I do very little housework 4

I do none of the housework 5

Don’t know 8

CITIZENSHIP – Trust

I now move on to some questions about how you feel about your fellow citizens and major institutions

in society.

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Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted, or that you can’t be too careful in dealing with people? Please tell me on a score of 0 to 10, where 0 means you can’t be too careful and 10 means that most people can be trusted.

You can’t be too careful

Most people can be trusted

Don’t know

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 88

Source: ESS

11

Please tell me on a score of 0-10 how much you personally trust each of the following institutions (0 means you do not trust an institution at all, and 10 means you completely trust them.)

No trust at all

Complete Trust

Don’t know

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 88

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…the European Parliament?

…*country+’s parliament?

…*regional] parliament

…the municipality?

…the legal system?

the educational system in general?

… the childcare

system in general?

… the elder care system in general?

Source: ESS + own additions

12.

Do you always, usually, sometimes or never vote in elections? (all types of elections)

Always 1

Usually 2

Sometimes 3

Never 4

I do not have the right to vote 5

Don’t know 8

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13.

In politics people sometimes talk of “left” and “right”. Where would you place yourself on a scale, where 0 means the left and 10 means the right?

Left Right Don’t know

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 88

Source: ESS

14.

Do you belong to a trade union?

Yes 1

No 2

Don’t know 8

No answer 9

15.

At present, do you do any unpaid voluntary work?

(Explanation for interviewer:

Using the John Hopkins definition, we define volunteer work as “work done without

monetary pay or compensation for the benefit of persons outside the volunteer‟s own

household without legal compulsion.”

Several features of this definition are especially noteworthy:

• The activity must involve “work,” which is to say it has some economic value for

someone other than the performer. Playing a musical instrument for one‟s own

enjoyment is therefore not volunteering.

• The work must be unpaid, though insignificant reimbursement of expenses, and

provision of modest honoraria, may not disqualify an activity. However, if a person

receives in-kind compensation in a low-wage area, the activity is most likely not

volunteering;

• While the volunteer or his or her family may reap some reward from the volunteer

work, someone outside the household must also benefit. The definition of

“household” will follow LFS conventions;

• The work must be non-compulsory and non-obligatory and involve a significant

element of choice, even if a social obligation is involved. Court-mandated unpaid

work, alternative service related to a military draft, or unpaid internships required for

graduation from educational institutions should be excluded.

• Both formal volunteer work (i.e. volunteering to or through an organization) and

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informal volunteer work (i.e. volunteer work done directly for individuals outside the

household and not to or through an organization) are included;

• Not considered in the definition are the institutional settings in which the work is

performed (all settings are included, whether through or for an organization or not,

and whether the organization is non-profit, government, or for-profit) or the

motivations of the volunteer.

Yes 1

No 2 Go to Q17

Don’t know 8 Go to Q17

16.

On average how many hours per monthdo you do voluntary work? Write in hours

Don’t know 888

17.

How is your health1 in general? Would you say it is…read out…

(Interviewer instruction: the alternative “refused to answer” should as the only

alternative not be read out load)

Very good 1

Good 2

Fair 3

Bad 4

Very bad 5

Don’t know 8

(Refused to answer) 9

Source: ESS

1 Physical and mental health.

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Economic situation: I would now, like to ask about the economic situation of your household.

18. When setting up the questionnaire It is up the individual partners to decide whether to use weekly,

monthly or yearly income. However it must be used consistently in each country. )

Please tell me your household's total income after tax and compulsory deductions, from all sources? If you don't know the exact figure, please give an estimate. (interviewer places the answer)

(Interviewer instructions: If the respondent has difficulties answering the question, alternatives can be read out load. Please remember that “all sources” include any kind social benefits (unemployment benefits, pension, disability pension, child benefit etc.) and wages)

National income deciles se section E1.5

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Don’t know 88


Source: ESS

19.

During the last year, have you experienced any difficulties in paying for the running

costs of your household (e.g. food, rent, and household bills)?

Yes 1

No 2

(Don’t know) 8

http://www.google.dk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=ESS+2010+Data+Protocol&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CCoQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fess.nsd.uib.no%2Fstreamer%2F%3Fmodule%3Dmain%26year%3D2011%26country%3Dnull%26download%3D%255CSurvey%2Bdocumentation%255C2011%255C11%2523ESS5%2B-%2BData%2BProtocol%255CLanguages%255CEnglish%255CESS5_Data_Protocol_e2.4.pdf&ei=Gix0T6CqGpTb4QSHz_2pDg&usg=AFQjCNH1XQeFa0jeDgynqYIujhxCFIufdg&cad=rja

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20.

If needed, could you pay an unexpected bill of ___________? (see appendix A)

Yes 1

No 2

(Don’t know) 8

NORMS AND GENDER ROLES

I would now like to ask your opinions of women’s roles in society

21. All alternatives should be read out load

To what extent do you agree or

disagree with the following

statements?

Strongly

agree (1)

Agree (2) Disagree

(3)

Strongly

disagree (4)

Don’t know

(8)

1. “A woman should be prepared to

reduce her working time in favor of

her family.”

2. “For a child it is even better if his

or her mother works and does not

just take care of the home and

family”.

3. “A working mother can establish

just as warm and secure relationship

with her children as a mother who

does not work”

4. “A man’s job is to earn money; a

woman’s job is to look after the

home and children”

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ACTUAL CARE OF CHILDREN

IF your youngest child is aged 0 - 2 go to question 22

(if q8a (youngest person in household) =< 2 (the age variable))

IF your youngest child is aged 3 - school age go to question 27

(if q8a (youngest person in household) =< [school age] (the age variable))

IF you do not have a child in one of the abovementioned age categories (or no child at all) go to

question 32

(if q8a (youngest person in household) => [school age] (the age variable))This gate is only to appear

in the interview instructions for the personal interview or written questionnaire

The added text in the box above is only technical advice for setting up the questionnaire for telephone

interview

22.

19

During day time, how is your youngest child (aged between 0 and 2) usually cared for?

(Interviewer instructions: alternatives should not be read out loud. If the respondent state several forms for

care, ask for the main (usual) form of care)

He/she is cared for in a public nursery or in publicly-funded day care

centre / nursery

1 Go to Q24

He/she is cared for in commercial / private day care centre / nursery 2 Go to Q24

He/she is cared for by a childminder, in the childminder’s own

home

3 Go to Q24

I look after my own child at home 4 Go to Q 23

The child’s father looks after him/her at home 5 Go to Q 23

He/she is looked after at home by myself and the child’s father 6 Go to Q 23

He/she is looked after at home by their grandparents or other

relatives

7 Go to Q 23

He/she is looked after at home by a paid childminder/nanny 8 Go to Q 23

He/she is looked after at by grandparents or other relatives in their

home

9 Go to Q23

He/she is looked after at by neighbors or friends 10 Go to Q23

23.

“Why do you opt not to use formal childcare for your child aged 0-2?” (please select all that apply)

(telephone interview: alternative should not be read out loud)

I do not feel that the quality of childcare services is

good enough

1=indicated, 0=not indicated Go to Q25

I believe that children aged 0-2 years should be cared

for at home


There are no childcare services available where we

live


Childcare is too expensive 1=indicated, 0=not indicated Go to Q25

My child has special needs (e.g. an illness or

disability)


I do not want to use childcare 1=indicated, 0=not indicated Go to Q25

20

My child is to young for nursery 1=indicated, 0=not indicated Go to Q25

I am on maternity leave 1=indicated, 0=not indicated Go to Q25

Other 1=indicated, 0=not indicated Go to Q25

Don’t know 1=indicated, 0=not indicated Go to Q25

21

24.

How many hours of such childcare does your child have each week? (indicate

number of

hours)

Don’t know 888

25.

Currently, how do you rate public provision of childcare in [insert your city] for children aged 0-2?

Very good 1

Good 2

Neither good nor poor 3

Poor 4

Very poor 5

Don’t know 8

Not relevant 9

26.

How well do your current childcare arrangements meet your needs?

Fully 1 Go to Q32

Mostly 2 Go to Q32

Partly 3 Go to Q32

Not at all 4 Go to Q32


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27.

During day time, how is your child (children between the age of 3 – school age) usually cared for?

(Interviewer instructions: alternatives should not be read out loud. If the respondent state several forms for

care, ask for the main (usual) form of care)

He/she is cared for in a public nursery or in publicly-funded day

care centre / nursery

1 Go to Q29

He/she is cared for in commercial / private day care centre /

nursery

2 Go to Q29

He/she is cared for by a childminder, in the childminder’s own

home

3 Go to Q29

I look after my own child at home 4 Go to Q 28

The child’s father looks after him/her at home 5 Go to Q 28

He/she is looked after at home by myself and the child’s father 6 Go to Q 28

He/she is looked after at home by their grandparents or other

relatives

7 Go to Q 28

He/she is looked after at home by a paid childminder/nanny 8 Go to Q 28

He/she is looked after at by grandparents or other relatives in

their home

9 Go to Q 28

He/she is looked after at by neighbors or friends 10 Go to Q 28

23

28.

“Why do you opt not to use formal childcare for your child?” (please select all that apply)

(interviewer instructions: alternative should not be read out loud)

I do not feel that the quality of childcare services is

good enough


I believe that children aged between 3 years and

school age should be cared for at home


There are no childcare services available where we

live


Childcare is too expensive 1=indicated, 0=not indicated Go to Q30

My child has special needs (e.g. an illness or

disability)


I do not want to use childcare 1=indicated, 0=not indicated Go to Q30

I am on maternity leave 1=indicated, 0=not indicated Go to Q30

Other 1=indicated, 0=not indicated Go to Q30

Don’t know 1=indicated, 0=not indicated Go to Q30

24

29.

How many hours of such childcare does your child aged between 3 years and school

age have each week?

(indicate number

of hours)

Don’t know 888

31.

How well do your current childcare arrangements meet your needs?

Fully 1

Mostly 2

Partly 3

Not at all 4

Don’t know 8

30.

Currently, how do you rate public provision of childcare in [insert your city] for children between 3 – and

school age?

Very good 1

Good 2

Neither good nor poor 3

Poor 4

Very poor 5

Don’t know 8

25

26

INVOLVEMENT OF GRANDPARENTS IN THE CARE OF GRANDCHILDREN

32.

Do you have adult children living either inside or outside your own household?

Yes 1

No 2 Go to Q 38

(Refused to answer) 9 Go to Q 38

33.

Do you have grandchildren?

Yes 1

No 2 Go to Q 38


34.

How many grandchildren do you have? (indicate number)

Refused to answer 9 Go to Q 38

35.

Do you regularly take care of one or more of your grandchildren while their parents are working?

Yes 1 Go to Q 36

No 2 Go to Q 38

Don’t know 8 Go to Q 38


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36.

On average for how many hours per week do you provide care for your grandchild/children while their

parents are working? (Interviewer instruction: alternatives should not be read out loud. Interviewer places

the answer).

1-5 hours 1

6-10 hours 2

11-20 hours 3

21-30 hours 4

31-40 hours 5

More than 40 hours 6

Don’t know 8

37.

Does caring for a grandchild limit the

type or amount of paid work you can do

Strongly

agree

Agree Disagree Strongly

disagree

Don’t know

(Interviewer instructions: read

alternatives out loud. This should not

be perceived as a hypothetical question

but the respondent should answer

according to her own situation,

questions answered just above)

1 2 3 4 5

28

CARE OF OLDER PEOPLE– NORMS/CULTURAL ORIENTATION I would

now like to ask you about some of your opinions concerning care of adults.

38.

Let’s suppose you had an elderly father or mother who lived alone. What do you think would be the best if

this parent could no longer manage to live on his/her own? (interviewer instruction: only one answer

possible)

I or one of my brothers or sisters should invite my father or mother to live with one of

us

1

I or one of my brothers or sisters should move in with my father or mother 2

One should move closer to the other 3

My father or mother should move into an old people’s home or a nursing home 4

My father or mother should stay at home and receive visits there, as well as

appropriate health care and services

5

Don’t know 8

Source: ISSP

ACTUAL INVOLVEMENT IN CARE OF OLDER PEOPLE

39.

Do you have a dependent parent, parent in law or other elderly relative who has health or social care needs

of any kind?

Yes 1 Go to Q 40

No 2 Go to Q43



29

40.

How are the needs of your elderly relative primarily being met? (only one answer possible)


He/she have moved into my house 1 Go to Q41

He/she have moved into my brother or sister’s

house

2 Go to Q43

I have moved in with him/her 3 Go to Q41

My sister or brother has moved in with him/her 4 Go to Q43

I visit them regularly to provide support for him/her 5 Go to Q41

We have moved closer to each other so it is easier

for me to provide support for him/her

6 Go to Q41

He/she is still living in his/her own home with a

spouse/partner

7 Go to Q43

He/she have moved into an old people’s home or a

nursing home

8 Go to Q43

He/she are still in his/her own home but receive

professional home-based care services who visit

them regularly

9 Go to Q43

He/she are still in his/her own home but have live-in

help

10 Go to Q43

Other 11 Go to Q43


30

41.

Why do you provide care and support for your elderly relatives? please state the main reason


Because they did not wish to leave their home 1

There are no places available in a residential or nursing home 2

The quality of care in residential and nursing homes is not good enough 3

The cost of a place in a residential or nursing home is too high 4

There are no residential or nursing homes near enough to where they have always

lived

5

My relative does not qualify for publicly-funded residential care services 6

No home-based care services are available 7

The quality of home-based services is not good enough 8

The cost of home-based services is too high 9

My relative does not qualify for publicly-funded home-based care services 10

I believe older people should be cared for by their children when they can no longer

manage on their own

11

Because they are my parents 12

Other 13

Don’t know 88


42.

Does caring for an older relative limit

the type or amount of paid work you

can do

Strongly

agree

Agree Disagree Strongly

disagree

Don’t know

(Interviewer instructions: read

alternatives out loud. This should not

be perceived as a hypothetical question

but the respondent should answer

according to her own situation

questions answered just above)

1 2 3 4 5

31

32

43.

What is your current employment status?

Working (This includes self-employed, full-time-, part-time

employment, and those who are on maternity leave who have an

employment contract)

1 => Questionnaire 2

Unemployed 2 => Questionnaire 3

Outside the labour force (students are in this category) 3 => Questionnaire 4

(Don’t know) 8 => Thank you and good bye

(Refuse to answer) 9 => Thank you and good bye

33

Literature:

Schneider, Silke (2010): “Nominal comparability is not enough: (In-)equivalence of construct validity of

cross-

national measures of educational attainment in the European Social Survey” in Research in

Social

Stratification and Mobility pp. 343-357.

EDUCATION, ESS5 - 2010 ed. 1.0 (APPENDIX A1) Link:

http://www.google.dk/url?q=http://ess.nsd.uib.no/streamer/%3Fmodule%3Dmain%26year%3D2011%26

country%3Dnull%26download%3D%255CSurvey%2Bdocumentation%255C2011%255C02%2523ESS5%2B-

%2BAppendix1%252C%2BEducation%252C%2Bed.2.0%255CLanguages%255CEnglish%255CESS5DataDocR

eportAppendixA1e02_0.pdf&sa=U&ei=ia67T_K8Ecrm4QS7-4HzCQ&ved=0CBMQFjAA&usg=AFQjCNHgXj-

TMBpYI8-d0WUxPXL2d--bMg

Appendix A:

15.03.12

18.04.12

Eurostat

CURRENCY

ESTRUCT

ECASE

GEO/TIME 2011

223.781,41 18648,45083 4662,1127 4700

235.853,61 19654,4675 4913,6169 5000

26.352,33 2196,0275 549,00688 550

7.977,18 664,765 166,19125 170

26.633,12 2219,426667 554,85667 550

19.694,20 1641,183333 410,29583 410

France 25.833,81 2152,8175 538,20438 540

20.087,51 1673,959167 418,48979 420

1.706.946,91 142245,5758 35561,394 36000

Finland 29.078,15 2423,179167 605,79479 610

25.676,51 2139,709167 534,92729 530

0

:

Annual net earnings [earn_nt_net]

Last update

Extracted on

Source of Data

National currency (including 'euro fixed' series for euro area countries)

Net earning

Single parent without children, 100% of AW

per month unexpected bill roughly 1/4 of the monthly net earning

Czech Republic

Denmark

Germany (including former GDR from 1991)

Estonia

Ireland

Spain

Italy

Hungary

United Kingdom

Special values:

less than half the final digit shown and greater than real zero

not available

http://www.google.dk/url?q=http://ess.nsd.uib.no/streamer/%3Fmodule%3Dmain%26year%3D2011%26country%3Dnull%26download%3D%255CSurvey%2Bdocumentation%255C2011%255C02%2523ESS5%2B-%2BAppendix1%252C%2BEducation%252C%2Bed.2.0%255CLanguages%255CEnglish%255CESS5DataDocReportAppendixA1e02_0.pdf&sa=U&ei=ia67T_K8Ecrm4QS7-4HzCQ&ved=0CBMQFjAA&usg=AFQjCNHgXj-TMBpYI8-d0WUxPXL2d--bMg





34

Questionnaire 2: Women in employment

Job characteristics

1.

You have told that you are currently in a job. On average how many hours per week do you work, including overtime? (all paid jobs included)

Write in number of hours

Don’t know 88


2.

Do you work irregular hours, i.e. do you work evenings, night time, Saturdays or Sundays?

Yes 1

No 2

Don’t know 8

Refused to answer 9

3.

Are you an employee or self-employed?

Employee 1

Self-employed 2 GO to Q5

Both employed and self-employed 3 GO to Q5

Other 4 GO to Q5

Don’t know 8 GO to Q5

Refused to answer 9 GO to Q5

4.

In your main job, are you employed in the public or private sector?

Public sector 1

Private sector 2

Others (includes the third sector) 3

Don’t know 8

Refused to answer 9

5.

In your main job do you have any managerial responsibilities?

Yes 1

No 2 Go to Q 7

Don’t know 8 Go to Q 7

Refused to answer 9 Go to Q 7

35

6.

How many people are you responsible for supervising?

Number

No managerial responsibilities 0

Don’t know 888888


7.

Do you work in agriculture, industry or services?

Agriculture 1 GO to Q 9

Industry 2 GO to Q 9

Services 3

Don’t know 8 GO to Q 9

Refused to answer 9 GO to Q 9

8.

Do you work in

whole and retail trade 1

hotels and restaurants 2

education 3

health and social work 4

finance and intermediation 5

other services (this would then cover „transport storage and communication‟, „real estate, renting and

business activities‟, „public administration and defence‟; „other community activities‟ „private household

with employed persons‟ and „extra territorial organisations‟)

6

Don’t know 8

Refused to answer 9

9.

Do you work in [your city]?

Yes 1

No, outside [your city] 2

Don’t know 8

Refused to answer 9

10.

How far is your work from your home in travel time? (please tell me the time in minutes you need from door to door)

Number of minutes (approx.)

Don’t know 888


36

11. (It is up the individual partners to decide whether to use weekly, monthly or yearly income.

However it must be used consistently in each country. ) How much is your own income from working, after tax and compulsory deductions. If you don’t know the exact figures, please give an estimate?

Don’t know 888888


12.

At present, how satisfied do you feel about your job?

Very satisfied 1

Satisfied 2

Neither satisfied or dissatisfied 3

Dissatisfied 4

Very unsatisfied 5

Don’t know 8

Refused to answer 9

WORK ORIENTATION (interviewer instructions about work orientations will be

supplied)

We would now like to ask about your working preferences

13.

If you had a completely free choice would you prefer a paid job or not work at all?

I would prefer not to work at all 1 Go to Q16

I would prefer to work 2 1


14.

In an ideal world, how many hours would you prefer to work each week?

Don’t know 888

15.

How easy do you think it would be for you to get a job with the hours you prefer in [your city]?

Very easy 1

Easy 2

Not easy 3

Not easy at all 4

Don’t know 8

16.

37

Thinking about your work-life balance now, how often does your work prevents you from giving the time you want to your partner or family?

Never 1

Hardly ever 2

Sometimes 3

Often 4

Always 5

Don’t have a partner/family 6

Don’t know 8

Refusal 9

ESS

17. How often do you find that your partner or family gets fed up with the pressure of your job?

Never 1

Hardly ever 2

Sometimes 3

Often 4

Always 5

Don’t have a partner/family 6

Don’t know 8

Refusal 9

ESS We would now like to ask you a bit about your work history

18.

How old were you when you first started working after you finished education?

Age

Don’t know 88


We now move on to ask some questions about your current job.

19.

How long have you held your current job?

Number of months

Don’t know 888


20.

What was your employment status before your current job?

Self-employed 1

Had a different employer 2

Had the same employer but a different job within the organisation 3

Unemployed and looking for work 4

38

Out-side the labour force (includes studying) 5

Don’t know 8

Refused to answer 9

21.

Are you or have you within the last 15 years been on maternity leave? (instruction to interviewer: only maternity leave)

No 1 Go to Q25

I am on maternity leave now 2 Go to Q25

I have been on maternity leave in the last 15 years 3 Go to Q22



22.

Thinking about the last time you returned to work after maternity leave, did you return to your previous position? i.e. did you get your old job back.

Yes 1

No 2

Others 3

Don’t know 8

Refused to answer 9

23.

Thinking about the last time you returned to work after maternity leave, did you return to work on the same or different working hours?

The same working hours 1

Returned to work shorter hours 2

Returned to work longer hours 3

Others 4

Don’t know 8

Refused to answer 9

24.

When your last period of maternity leave ended, did you have a period where you did not work?

Yes 1

No 2

Others 3

Don’t know 8

Refused to answer 9

We would now like to ask you about your enrolment in training or re-training.

25.

How many times in the last 2 years have you participated in any form of training or re-qualification? (This does not include full-time education which you undertook at school or attending university or

39

college as soon as you left school; count an extended period of study as one time)

Never 1 Go to Q29

Once 2 Go to Q26

2-5 times 3 Go to Q26

6-10 times 4 Go to Q26

More than 10 times 5 Go to Q26



26.

Was the main purpose of the last course in which you participated: to improve your overall and general qualifications or to improve your job specific qualificationst?

To improve my overall and general qualifications 1

To improve my job specific qualifications 2

Don’t know 8

Refused to answer 9

* Instruction to interviewer in case of telephone/personal interviews: General qualifications could be to improve literacy etc. We will now ask more in detail about the last course you participated in.

27.

Who initiated your participation in the course?

Yourself 1

Your employer 2

The shop steward / trade union representative 3

Other colleagues 4

Others 5

Don’t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

28.

What was the duration of the course?

A couple of hours 1

One day 2

A couple of days 3

One week 4

One-two weeks 5

Between two-weeks and a month 6

1-6 months 7

6 months to one year 8

More than one year 9

Others 10

Don’t know 88

Refuse to answer 99

40

And finally we would like to ask you a little bit about your

background.

29.

In what country were you born?

Country

Don’t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

30.

In what country was your father born?

Country

Don’t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

31.

In what country was your mother born?

Country

Don’t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

Thank you!

Or in country where it is allowed:

32.

Would you be willing to participate in a focus group interview on the topics covered by this survey?

Yes Go to Q33

No Interview over

Don’t know

Refuse to answer

33.

Please could you tell me your name

Please could you provide us with a telephone number or email address that you would be happy for us to contact you with

41

Questionnaire 3: Unemployed

Character of unemployment

You have told me that you are currently unemployed. We

would now like to ask you a little bit about your employment

history.

1.

How long have you currently been unemployed? (instruction for interviewer: answer categories are applicable if the unemployed e.g. answers 1 year and 5 month or 8 month)

Years

Months

Don’t know 888

Refuse to answer 999

Regarding question 2, please note that we are only interested in benefits related to the state of unemployment, i.e. it is the state of unemployment which makes the unemployed person eligible for the benefit and the benefit is supposed to function as a major source for the subsistence of the unemployed. In most countries this would refer to unemployment benefits or welfare benefits (cash assistance). In some countries there are, however, additional schemes. E.g. in Italy they have the so-called “cassa integrazione guadagni”. In Germany, as far as I remember, welfare benefits have been subdivided into arbeitslosengeld and arbeitslosenhilfe etc. In each country, where there is an additional benefit to unemployment benefit or welfare benefit, please insert the benefit in question. Please note that we are NOT interested in benefits such as housing benefits, child benefits, pensions or the like.

2.

Which social or welfare benefits do you receive?

Add national benefit systems Go to Q3

N/A – I do not receive any benefits Go to Q4


Refuse to answer 99 Go to Q4

3. (It is up the individual partners to decide whether to use weekly, monthly or yearly income.

However it must be used consistently in each country. ) How much do you receive in benefit from being unemployed, after tax and compulsory deductions. If you don’t know the exact figures, please give an estimate?

Don’t know 888888888


42

4.

Are you unemployed for the first time?

Yes 1

No 2

Don’t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

5.

Why did you decide to look for work(select all that apply) (Telephone interview: alternative should not be read out loud)

I need the money 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

My children have grown older and I no longer need to provide childcare

1=indicated, 0=not indicated

I no longer have support or care obligations towards older or disabled relatives


I have recovered from a long-term illness 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

I have divorced or separated 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

I am looking for new challenges 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

I have been told I must look for work by the Jobcentre (State requirements)


I have had my benefits removed 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

Others 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

Don’t know 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

Refuse to answer 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

6

Before your current spell of unemployment, what was your employment status?(should not be read out loud)

I come from a position out-side the labour market (e.g. I was looking after children)

1 Go to Q7

I was an employee with a permanent contract 2 Go to Q8

I was an employee with a temporary contract GO to Q8

I was self-employed 3 Go to Q10

I was a full time student 4 Go to Q12



7.

Before you decided to look for work, for how many years were you outside the labour market? (instruction for interviewer: answer categories are applicable if the unemployed e.g. answers 1 year and 5 month or 8 month)

Years Go to Q12

Months Go to Q12

43



8.

In the last job you held, were you employed in agriculture, industry or services?



Services 3



9.

Did you work in



Education 3



other services (this would then cover „transport storage and communication‟, „real estate, renting and

business activities‟, „public administration and defence‟; „other community activities‟ „private household

with employed persons‟ and „extra territorial organisations‟)

6

Don’t know 8

Refused to answer 9

10

In the last job you held, were you employed in the public or private sector?

Public sector 1

Private sector 2

Others (including voluntary work) 3

Don‟t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

Reason for unemployment and job search

Question 11: for people who were previously employed or self-employed before their current spell of unemployment only

.

What was the main reason you left your last job? (several possible answers; do not read out options)

I was made redundant or dismissed 1

My company closed 2

44

My contract came to an end 3

I resigned 4

To study 5

To look after the home or my family 6

Personal health reasons 7

I wanted a higher paid job 8

I wanted to work shorter hours 9

I wanted to work longer hours 10

My journey to work was too long / taking too long 11

I wanted to change occupation / sector 12

I was self-employed and could not get any work 13

Others 14

Don’t know 88

Refuse to answer 99

12.

Are you searching for a full-time or part-time job?

Full time 1

Part time 2

I would take either a full-time or part-time job; i.e. whatever it may be. 3

Don’t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

13.

In general, how easy do you think it is to get a job with the hours you would prefer in [your city]?

Very easy 1

Easy 2

Not easy 3

Not easy at all 4

Don’t know 8

14.

Are you searching for a job with managerial responsibilities?

Yes 1

No 2

I am searching for all kind of jobs 3

Others 4

Don’t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

15.

Are you searching for a job in ….. [city] only, or outside ….. [city]?

45

Only in *city+ … 1

Outside *city+ …. 2

I would take a job in [city] as well as outside [city] 3

Don’t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

16.

Do you think that you can find the sort of job you are looking for in [city]?

Yes 1

Probably 2

No 3

Don’t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

17.

Would you be willing or able to move to another town more than 100 kilometers away from …. [city] if this meant you were able to get a job?

Yes 1

No 2

Don’t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

18.

If you received a job offer, what is the lowest monthly take home pay you would be willing to accept, after tax and compulsory deductions (net income)?

Amount

Don’t know 888888


19.

If you had a completely free choice would you prefer to work or not work at all?

I would prefer not to work at all 1 Go to Q21

I would prefer to work 2 Go to Q20


20.

In an ideal world, how many hours would you prefer to work each week?

Don’t know 888

46

We would now like to ask you about any training you have

undertaken

21.

During your current spell of unemployment have you been on any training, re-training or job-search training courses?

Yes 1 Go to Q22

No 2 Go to Q25



We will now ask more in detail about the last course you participated in.

22. Who initiated your participation in the course?

Yourself 1

Employment office 2

Others 3

Don’t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

23.


A couple of hours 1

One day 2

A couple of days 3

One week 4

One-two weeks 5


1-6 months 7

6 months to one year 8


Others 10

Don’t know 88

Refuse to answer 99

24.

Do you think that your participation has increased your chances of finding a job?

Yes, a lot 1

Yes, a little 2

I don’t think it has made any difference 3

No, I think it has made it harder for me to get a job 4

Don’t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

47

Social cohesion/citizenship

25.

Now I have some questions about your experiences of being unemployed. I will read you some statements, and for each statement I would like you to tell me on a scale from 0-10 how you feel about each statement. 0 means that you personally do not at all perceive this as an issue and 10 means that you experience it as a very important personal concern:

0. – Do not perceive this as an issue

1. –

2. –

3. –

4. –

5. –

6. –

7. –

8. –

9. –

10. – Experience it as an important personal concern

77. – Don’t know

88. – Refuse to answer

a. I miss daily contact with other people

b. It is hard for me to find something to do

c. I experience financial uncertainty or lack of money

d. I feel dependent on my husband/partner or other relatives

e. I feel that people look down on me or do not respect me

f. I fear that I will not ever be able to find a job

And finally we would like to ask you a little bit about your

background

26.


Country

Don’t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

27.


48

Country

Don’t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

28.


Country

Don’t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

Thank you!


29.

Would you be willing to participate in a focus group interview?

Yes Go to Q30

No Interview over

Don’t know Interview over

Refuse to answer Interview over

30.



49

Questionnaire 4: Women out-side the labour force

You have told me that you are currently outside the labour force. We would now like to ask you a little bit about your employment history

1.

You have said that you are currently outside the labour force. State the main reason. (should not be read out loud – only one answer)

Student 1

Caring for children 2

Caring for a dependent (sick or disabled) adult 3

Temporarily sick or injured 4

Long-term sick or disabled 5

Believe there are no jobs available 6

Have not started looking for work 7

Do not need employment 8

Retired from paid work 9

Believe there are no specific jobs available to suit qualifications / skills 10

Believe there are no jobs with high enough pay 11

Others 12

(Don’t know) 88

(Refuse to answer) 99

Regarding Q2, please note that we are only interested in the main source of subsistence in the form of disability pension, early retirement pension etc. We are not interested in housing benefits etc. Insert national benefits.

2.

50

Which social or welfare benefits do you receive?

Add national benefit systems Go to Q3

N/A – I do not receive any benefits Go to Q4



3. (It is up the individual partners to decide whether to use weekly, monthly or yearly income. However it must be used consistently in each country. ) How much do you receive in benefit, after tax and compulsory deductions. If you don’t know the exact figures, please give an estimate?

Don’t know 888888888


4.

Do you feel it is likely you will (ever) look for work in the future?

Yes 1 Go to Q5

No 2 Go to Q6



5.

In what circumstances would you consider entering the labour market? (select all that apply)

(Telephone interview: alternative should not be read out loud)

I would need to finish / gain a qualification 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

I am waiting until my child / children have started school 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

I would need to find more affordable childcare where I live 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

I would need my preferred childcare option to become available 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

I would need to find childcare with a higher quality than what I believe is currently available


I would need to find work that fits in with my caring responsibilities 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

I would need the situation with the sick or disabled person I support or

care for to change


I would need to find appropriate alternative care for the sick or disabled

person I care for


My own health would need to improve 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

51

I would need to find a job appropriate to my skills and qualifications 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

I would need to find better paid jobs than those currently available 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

I do not wish to return to the work force 1=indicated, 0=not indicated



Refused to answer 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

6.

Have you ever (in your life) had paid work, as an employee or self-employed, apart from casual or holiday work?

Yes 1 Go to Q7

No 2 Go to Q16



7.

Did you work in agriculture, industry or services?



Services 3



8.

Did you work in



education 3



other services (this would then cover ‘transport storage and communication’, ‘real estate,

renting and business activities’, ‘public administration and defence’; ‘other community activities’ ‘private household with employed persons’ and ‘extra territorial organisations’)

6

Don’t know 8

Refused to answer 9

9.

In the last job you held, were you employed in the public or private sector?

52

Public sector 1

Private sector 2

Others (including voluntary work) 3

Don‟t know 8

Refused to answer 9

10.

Why did you leave your last job? (select all that apply) (Telephone interview: alternative should not be read out loud)

I was made redundant or dismissed 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

My company closed 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

My contract came to an end 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

I resigned 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

To study 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

To look after home / family 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

Personal health reasons 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

I wanted a higher paid job 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

I wanted to work shorter hours 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

I wanted to work longer hours 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

My journey to work was too long / taking too long 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

I wanted to change occupation / sector 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

I was self-employed and could not get any work 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

I decided to retire (early) 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

I had to take care of my children 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

I had to take care of my elder relative 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

53



Refused to answer 1=indicated, 0=not indicated

11.

How long is it since you last had paid work? (instruction for interviewer: answer categories are applicable if the unemployed e.g. answers 1 year and 5 month or 8 month)

Years

Months

Don’t know 888


Education/training

We would now like to ask you about any training you have undertaken

12.

Have you undertaken any adult vocational (job-related) training in the last two years?

Yes 1 Go to Q13

No 2 Go to Q16



54

We will now ask more in detail about the last course you participated in.

13.

Who initiated your participation in the course?

Yourself 1

Employment office 2

Others 3

Don’t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

14.


A couple of hours 1

One day 2

A couple of days 3

One week 4

One-two weeks 5


1-6 month 7

6 month to one year 8


Others 10

Don’t know 88

Refuse to answer 99

15.

Do you think that your participation has increased your chances of finding a job?

Yes, a lot 1

Yes, a little 2

I don’t think it has made any difference 3

No, I think it has made it harder for me to get a job 4

Don’t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

Social cohesion/citizenship

16.

Now I have some questions about your experiences of being out-side the labour force. I will read you some statements, and for each statement I would like you to tell me on a scale from 0-10 how you feel about each statement. 0 means that you personally do not at all perceive this as an issue and 10 means that you experience it as a very important personal concern:

0. – Do not perceive this as an issue

1. –

2. –

3. –

55

4. –

5. –

6. –

7. –

8. –

9. –

10. – Experience it as an important personal concern

77. – Don’t know

88. – Refuse to answer

a. I miss daily contact with other people

b. It is hard for me to find something to do

c. I experience financial uncertainty or lack of money

d. I feel dependent on my husband/partner or other relatives

e. I feel that people look down on me or do not respect me

f. I fear that I will not ever be able to find a job

And finally we would like to ask you a little bit about your background

17.


Country

Don’t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

18.


Country

Don’t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

19.


Country

Don’t know 8

Refuse to answer 9

Thank you!

56


20.

Would you be willing to participate in a focus group interview?

Yes Go to Q21

No Interview over

Don’t know

Refuse to answer

21.



Documents

Per H. Jensen and Rasmus J. Møberg€¦ · Per H. Jensen and Rasmus J. Møberg ... 266806. The project started January 1 2011 and ended April 30 2014. ... ES-ISCED V2, higher tertiary