Pepe’s path

“What Jose seems to have aimed at doing (but this is conjecture-speculation) was to learn in the widest possible sense about other nations, how they were governed, what laws they had, and which governments were better than others, how international commerce worked, what reform movements were there in Europe, how much freedom they were allowed, and what mouth pieces they used.”

Austin Coates 1968

“My only desire is to do what is possible, what lies within my grasp, what is most necessary. I have glimpsed a little light, I believe I should show it to my countrymen.”

Jose Rizal

1892

Malolos. Bulacan (May 1882) -attended a baptismal party 3 May 1882

Rizal left Philippines for the first time Spain. He boarded the Salvadora using a passport of Jose Mercado, which was procured for him by his uncle Antonio Rivera, father of Leonor Rivera. He was accompanied to the quay where the Salvadora was moored (to secure in a particular station) by his uncle Antonio, Vicente Gella, and Mateo Evangelista.

4 May 1882-He got seasick on board the

boat.5 May1882

-He conversed with the passengers of the ship; he was still feeling sea-sick.

6 May 1882-He played chess with the passengers on board.8 May 1882-He saw mountains and Islands.9 May 1882-Rizal arrived at Singapore.10 May 1882-He went around the town of Singapore and made some

observations.

11 May 1882

-In Singapore, at 2 p.m.,

Rizal boarded the boat

Djemnah to continue his trip to Spain. He

found the boat clean and well kept.

12 May 1882

-He had a conversation with the passengers of the boat.

13 May 1882

-Rizal was sea sick again.

Ako’y maynapanaginipan

...

14 May 1882 On his way to Marseilles, Rizal had a terrible dream. He dreamed he was traveling with Neneng (Saturnina) and their path was blocked by

snakes. May 15 1882- Rizal had another disheartening dream. He dreamed he

returned to Calamba and after meeting his parents who did not talk to him because of not having consulted them about his first trip abroad, he returned traveling abroad with one hundred pesos he again borrowed. He was so sad and broken hearted. Soon he woke up and found himself inside his cabin.

17 May 1882

-Rizal arrived at Punta

de Gales.

18 May 1882

-At 7:30 a.m., he left Punta de Gales for Colombo. In the afternoon, Rizal arrived at Colombo and in the evening the trip was resumed.

26 May 1882 -Rizal was nearing the African coast 27 May 1882 -He landed at Aden at about 8:30 a.m. He made observation at the time. 2 June 1882 -He arrived at the Suez Canal en route to Marseilles.3 June 1882-He was quarantined on board the Djemnah in the Suez Canal.6 June 1882-It was the fourth day at Suez Canal and was still quarantined on

board of the boat.7 June 1882-Rizal arrived at Port Said. In a letter to his parents, He described

his trip en route to Aden along the Suez Canal.

11 June 1882

-Rizal disembarked and,

accompanied by a guide,

went around the City of

Naples for one hour. This was the first European ground he set foot on.

12 June 1882

-At ten o’clock in the evening, the boat anchored at Marseilles. He slept on board.

13 June 1882

-Early on the morning he landed at Marseilles and boarded at the Noalles Hotel. Later he went around for observation.

14 June 1882

-His second day in Marseilles.

15 June 1882

-He left Marseilles for Barcelona in an express train.

After graduation European travels

(2 years)

Paris, France (late July

1885 – February 1, 1886)

-stayed at J. Luna’s studio

@ Boulevard Arago.

-novel was in the mid-part.

Rue du Cherchi-Midi (October 1885 – January 1886; 3 months)

- worked as assistant of world renowned ophthalmologist, Louis de Wecker.

“Germany is a country of great

order and subordination.”

Jose Rizal 1886

“I am here in Germany going from city to city, from town to town, visiting all the educational centers, the town schools, the parishes, the churches, and many times after listening to a Catholic sermon, I go to a Protestant church to attend the services there and sometimes to the synagogues of the Jews. Everything that can teach me something interests me”

Jose Rizal 1886

Heidelberg, Germany (February 3, 1886) – arrival, found

lodgings (February 4, 1886) – Admission to the

Universitatis Augenklinik at Heidelberg, most advanced center of advanced Ophthalmic center during that time.

*under the direction of german renowned Otto Becker.

*few operations because Heidelberg was a quiet country town during these times.

(March 1886) – was able to do without fire, economize.

Baden, Germany -made German friends who helped him

out in his finances and difficulties in the language.

Wilhelmsfeld, Germany (last week April 1886)

- paying guest of the sympathetic Germans he met at Baden, Ulmer Family.

- learned German under Karl UlmerHeidelberg, Germany (last week

June 1886 – August 9 1886) - return on foot to lodging due to

the Ulmer’s family holiday.Mainz, Germany - boat journey down the Rhine.Kőln, Germany - boat journey down the Rhine.

Frankfurt, Germany - guidebook dayLeipzig, Germany (August –

November 1886) - correcting his novel,

exercising strenuously at the gymnasium, working as a proof-reader. Plan to print novel was not realized here.

Berlin, Germany (November 1886 – May 1887)

-admitted to the Berlin Ethnographic Society, Berlin Anthropological Society.

“at ako’y nagbalik sa aking lupang sinilangan…”

Back to the Philippines (July 1887- February 3, 1888)

“at ako’y muling naglakbay…”

second travel abroad

Hong Kong

Yokohama, Japan

United States – observed limited freedom due to slavery.

San Franciso, California

New York

London (May 24, 1888 – 2nd week March 1889)

British Museum

-Antonio de Morga’s “Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas”( Historical Events of the Philippine Islands)

Paris, France (1889)-celebrated with friends the

centenary of the French Revolution

September-begun the series in English “The Philippines a Century Hence. ”

*in commemoration of the Spanish Revolution

*the forces behind the French and Spanish Revolutions could cost Spain

the Philippines.(1890) -published his annotated

edition of Morga’s SucesosLeiden, Holland -bought (Dutch) books about East

Asia

Departure from Madrid to the Philippines

(October 18, 1891)

-end of Jose Rizal’s active participation in the propaganda movement in Europe.

Hong Kong (November 1891 – June 19, 1892)

December – Rizal Family reunion and Christmas celebration.

@ 2 Dudell Street then to 5 D. Aguilar Street, downtown Victoria

- location of J. Rizal’s eye clinic

Manila (June 26, 1892)

Malacanan Palace

Malolos, Bulacan-visited the women of Malolos,

former gobernadorcilos (discussed about the organization of the La Liga Filipina)

San Fernando, Pampanga – made friends

Tarlac, Tarlac (June 27, 1892) -discussed about the La Liga

Filipina with some families. Bacolor, PampangaManila (June 28, 1892) -discussed about the organization

of the La Liga Filipina to groups of Filipinos including Apolinario Mabini and Andres Bonifacio.

Malacanan (July 6, 1892) -discussion between J. Rizal and the

Governor General about Rizal’s return to Hong Kong.

Fort Santiago, Intramuros (July 7 – 14, 1892) – detention

Dapitan (July 17, 1892 – July 31, 1896;4 years)-brought(with his lottery prize) and cultivated parcels of land.

-buying and selling of hemp.-organized an association of Dapitan farmers-opened a clinic and hospital.-opened a school and taught in it.-built waterworks, dam, and fountain

Fort Santiago, Intramuros (December 3, 1896) - detention

Luneta, Manila (December 30, 1896) – execution and martyrdom

“My idolized Country, for whom I most gravely pine,

Dear Philippines to my last goodbye, oh, harken.

There I leave thee all: my parents, loves of mine.

I’ll go where there are no slaves, tyrants, or hangmen,

Where faith does not kill and where God alone does reign. -Jose Rizal 1896