People, Places, Things: Web Presence for the Real World · Engineering Dept., U. Cambridge, Sept. 2000 Copyright Hewlett-Packard Summary ... Title: Microsoft PowerPoint - Cambridge

People, Places, Things:Web Presence for the Real World

Internet & Mobile SystemsLaboratory, Palo AltoTim Kindberg

Copyright Hewlett-Packard

Engineering Dept., U. Cambridge, Sept. 2000Copyright Hewlett-Packard

Overview

❚ A little history: HEHAW to CoolTown❚ The design problem: Nomadicity❚ Web presence

❙ Things, Places , People

❚ Infrastructure❚ Discussion points


HEHAW (1996)

Computers

Peripherals

Appliances & Devices InternetHTTP

Java

Pervasive BrowserTechnology

HTML

Embedded Web Servers


Appliance Connectivity

❚ Devices as full ‘web citizens’ in anetworked computing environment

❚ ChaiServer Web Server

From Nomadicity toWeb Presence


Nomadicity❚ The tendency for people to move between

places, where they encounter things andother people

❚ 1,000,000 other people’s ‘desktops’?


Nomadicity❚ “I want access to my home / work

environment, wherever I am.”❚ “I want access to whatever services are

currently around me.”


Research questions❚ How to augment People, Places and Things

with electronic services?❚ How should service provision depend on the

context - and what is ‘context’, anyway?


Technology

❚ Wireless networking❚ Portable devices❚ Embedded web servers❚ Tags: RFID tags, iButtons,

barcodes...WWW


Presence❚ “The state of being … within sight or call,

or at hand.”❚ Interpretation 1:

❙ “Smart” stuff is always virtually “at hand”❘ Wireless connectivity, Internet

Jeff turns on the lights back at home


Presence❚ “The state of being … within sight or call, or

at hand.”❚ Interpretation 2:

❙ Even “dumb” stuff that is – or was – physicallyat hand can also be virtually “at hand”❘ readers: Barcode, iButton, RFID tag, ...

Hmm, I wonder what thehistory of this tree is?


Presence

❚ Jini presence, CORBA presence, …

int result =tree->addGrafitti( “Jeff, , Jean”);


Web-centric services❚ Simple, powerful model of services as

content exchange❙ HTTP, URLs, content standards

❚ Standards for higher-level services❙ Security, payment, ..

❚ Implemented widely❚ Familiar user interface (browser)


Web presence

Jeff

<a:person xlink:href=.../>

<a:place xlink:href=.../><a:thing xlink:href=.../>

Web

Real

wireless


Collecting URLs

❚ People wander around places❚ They carry devices with sensors❚ They collect the URLs of People, Places

and Things Peter King: http://…Mary Jones: http://…Meeting room: http://..In Acme Co HQ: http://.

Painting : http://…In National Gallery: http://..Jeff’s house : http://…

Sensor


url beacon get html

get url squirt url

sense url squirt url

places things

url beacon squirt url

Clipboards for the Web


At the museum...

Web presence for things


Web-present things

❚ Self-hosted web presence❙ State read / manipulated electronically❙ URL registered for electronic discovery

❘ E.g. browsed on web page

❙ Or sensed: tag / beacon

❚ Out-hosted web presence❙ URL sensed: from tag / beacon


Tags and beacons

tag beacon


Embedded web presence

W W W

HTTP Web presence implementation Clients

Lightingcontroller

Embedded web server


URL sensing

tagW W W

http://www.pics.org/MonaLisa

HTTP GET


Identifier sensing

tagW W W

2. Resolve to URL

1. get id

3. HTTP GET

ID resolver

45FE4A6420091B


Multiple resolution contexts

iButton/3976243491F9809

UPC/86936-0160-5

ID Resolver

A

http://www.cops.gov/cars/...

http://www.usedCars.com/JoesCars/...

ID Resolver

B


Web-presence contexts

❚ An entity may have N points of webpresence

❚ Self-hosted (≥0), out-hosted (≥0)❚ Particular (organisation, user, community)❚ Generic (manufacturer)

W W W


Interaction❚ Thing can exchange content with thing❚ Protocol for interaction

❙ Things exchange URLs when they ‘meet’

❚ EventsHi Jeff,

new girlfriend?

Jeff Jean


❚ Templates❚ Task-oriented

❙ Cars, paintings❙ Who needs it?

❚ Evolution

Making a pt. of web presence

Web presence for places


‘Places’?❚ Café❚ Bookshop❚ Office❚ Company HQ❚ Burlingame❚ Exhibition stand❚ Section of bookshop……


Context-appropriate services

Commercial &Retail Locations

Enterprise

Vehicles &Travel

Public Areas &Attractions

Home

Institutions

Nomadic user& personaldevices


Web-present room


The web-present bus….


Web-presence for places❚ Contexts for service access

❙ based on physical domain permeated bynetwork(s)

❙ Territory❚ Web portal = place’s web site

❙ Sensed when in place

❚ Links to Web presences of things andpeople “in” the place


Where am I?❚ Distinguish places

❙ E.g. hotel rooms, exhibition stands❙ May be covered by same (wireless) net

❚ Defined by values❙ Configuration problem

❚ Defined by coords❙ Mapping services A

DC

B


Place Configuration (WAnD)Eureka, 1UWeb pages


What You See Depends On Who You Are, ...

❚ Denizens & guests❚ Service hiding❚ Content adaptation❚ Inside vs outside

Joe’s Used Cars

Denizens

Guests

Web presence for people


Web-presence for people

❚ The person’s long-term attributes❚ History & state❚ Communication links

?http://webLink.hp.com/Jeff


Web-presence for people


Communication options...


Netmeeting session


Infrastructure requirements

❚ Services everywhere❙ Location-dependent/independent

❚ Simple model of configuration❙ “place master”

❚ Scalability❚ Layered infrastructure

❙ Local means local


Web presence layers

Content & URLExchange

ID resolution

tag

Places

URLsensing

TextURLs ID sensing

Context

URLs

http://cooltown.hp.com

beacon


Discussion points (I)❚ What type of modality should ‘place’ be?

❙ The effect of being ‘in’ a place❙ Influence of place / things in it on interface❙ Choice and navigation❙ Observation, security

❚ Creation of points of web presence


Discussion points (II)❚ How little can a user carry with them?

❙ Bookmarks & wand/browser?❙ Places supply computers like seats?❙ Anti-hysteresis?


Summary

❚ Web presence for people, places, things❙ Web, web, web❙ Services in context for nomadic users❙ Enhancing physical entities with web access

❚ Layered infrastructure for wide deployment

http://cooltown.hp.com/

Documents

People, Places, Things: Web Presence for the Real World · Engineering Dept., U. Cambridge, Sept. 2000 Copyright Hewlett-Packard Summary ... Title: Microsoft PowerPoint - Cambridge