Pennsylvania Native Trees and Shrubs

Pennsylvania Native Trees and Shrubs A Landscaping Guide

Lancaster County, Pennsylvania2011

Lancaster County Planning Commission

Tsuga canadensis (Canadian Hemlock) Kalmia latifolia (Mountain Laurel)

Table of Contents

Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1

Pennsylvania’s Native Forest Habitat ............................................................................................ 1

Landscape Applications .................................................................................................................. 2

Terms ............................................................................................................................................... 4

References ....................................................................................................................................... 7

Pennsylvania Native Trees ............................................................................................................. 8

Pennsylvania Native Shrubs ........................................................................................................ 21

Pennsylvania Native Shrubs / Trees ............................................................................................38

Pennsylvania Invasive Trees/Shrubs ...........................................................................................42

Note: There are over 2,100 native plant species known in Pennsylvania. This guide only references trees and shrubs and does not cover ferns, grasses, vines, perennials, annuals, or biennials.

Pennsylvania Native Trees and Shrubs A Landscaping Guide

Pennsylvania Native Trees and Shrubs | 1Lancaster County Planning Commission

IntroductionGreenscapes, an element of the Lancaster County Comprehensive Plan, teaches us that Lancaster County has a rich legacy of natural resources that has allowed its inhabitants to thrive for centuries. The period since European settlement has witnessed an unprecedented alteration of the natural landscape to accommodate a growing population. Growth and development have introduced an increasing number of non-native and invasive plant species into our ecological network.

Lancaster County’s Pennsylvania Native Tree and Shrub guide has been developed to increase the understanding and awareness of residents and officials of the environmental importance of native plant conservation and utilization. This guide can help ensure the long term viability of the County’s historical biological diversity by maintaining, enhancing, and restoring the habitat of native plant species. This landscape guide will not only educate residents, consultants, and local officials as to what trees and shrubs are native, but where they grow best.

Without human support, our natural resources will continue to degrade. This guide will help promote land management practices that can result in the conservation and sustainable use of native plants. Without the use of native plants, we cannot successfully restore the County’s natural environmental and ecological functions. Do you know what trees and shrubs are native to Pennsylvania? Not all plants are created equal. Just because it’s green and healthy, does not mean it should be planted.

Pennsylvania’s Native Forest HabitatThere are three geographic regions found in Pennsylvania; Coastal Plain, Piedmont, and Mountain. Lancaster County is found in the Piedmont region.

Pennsylvania’s plant population historically comes from blending of the forest types within the state. An oak/hickory forest cover is mainly found in the central and southern portions of the state. Northern parts of the state include hardwood forests in the higher elevations which include birch, maples, and black cherry. Northwest Pennsylvania historically has a beech-maple forest habitat, and the state’s southern edge includes the northern limits of oak-hickory-pine forest habitat. Pennsylvania is also unique in that we have specialized habitats such as serpentine barrens, shale, limestone, rocky outcrops, wetlands, freshwater tidal marshes, and sand plains.

Lancaster County Piedmont region historically falls within the Oak/Hickory habitat. Due to extensive early forest clearing for agriculture, little remains of Pennsylvania’s original forest cover. Forest composition has also been altered by introduced species of plants, animals, and disease. Native plants of this list represent current or previous tree and shrub populations that were present before settlement by Europeans or those plants that migrated into the state independent of human activity.

2 | Pennsylvania Native Trees and Shrubs Lancaster County Planning Commission

Landscape Applications

General Benefits: Trees and shrubs screen unpleasant views and frame attractive views. They cool the air and provide shade which can reduce the cost of air conditioning and provide wind breaks which can reduce heating costs. In a study completed by Dr. David Laband from Auburn University, 17.5% shade on an average house in Alabama reduced electrical usage by 3.7% and 50% shade reduced the electrical usage by 10.7%. Research by the USDA Forest Service indicates that shaded parking lots can reduce asphalt temperatures by 36° F. Shading parked cars reduces emission and energy used to cool vehicles. It can reduce an internal car temperature by 36-45° F and fuel tank temperatures of shaded cars were 4-8° F cooler than cars in the sun (emissions are created during daytime heating of fuel systems of motor vehicles).

Trees and shrubs help clean pollutants out of air and water naturally, so mankind doesn’t have to pay to do it mechanically. A study by Coder in 1996 indicated that a single Sugar Maple growing along a roadside removed 60mg of cadmium, 140mg of chromium, 820mg of nickel, and 5,200mg of lead in a single growing season. Studies in Maryland showed reductions of up to 88% of nitrate and 76% of phosphorus after agricultural runoff passed through a forest buffer. Trees and shrubs soak up water so the need to manage storm water runoff and erosion is reduced. A 20 year old Red Maple that is 29 feet tall with a 24 foot spread intercepted 1,014 gallons of water/yr and a 20 year old White Pine that is 32 feet tall with a 20 foot spread intercepted 786 gallons of water/yr (USDA Forest Service “SW-GTR-202 August 2007 & PSW-GTR-199). Native trees and shrubs provide habitat for birds and wildlife while improving the health and wellbeing of people. Vincent Cotrone from the Penn State Cooperative Extension indicates that a 100 foot streamside buffer that is 1 mile long provides 12 acres of habitat that can support over 50 species of wildlife.

The relationship between plants, insects, and animals is crucial in sustaining a healthy biodiversity and healthy ecosystem. Individuals need to come together to help preserve and enlarge our native plant communities. Utilizing this handout should help people find the best native tree and shrub for their environment.

Water: Adequate water is crucial for tree growth. Trees and shrubs use water to maintain living cells and allow the plant to move food, hormones, and other elements around its system. Each tree and shrub needs different amounts of water based on the species, size, soil/site conditions, and weather, but an adequate amount of water must typically penetrate 2 to 3 feet deep into soil to adequately feed the root system of mature plants. Some plant species like “wet feet” and can support their root systems in standing water for long periods of time. Others need to dry out between watering. If trees and shrubs are located in a dryer area, and they sense a water source underground (septic/water pipe) over many years, the roots may crack pipes to reach that water source. Roots may also heave pavement in an attempt to reach water. Care must be taken to place a tree or shrub in the best location for its water needs.

Salt: Plants native to Lancaster Pennsylvania are not typically as salt tolerant as those native to the coast. Plants sensitive to salt and salt spray can still be used near pavement but care should be taken to move them as far as possible from the pavement edge and away from snowmelt drainage. Usually the most plant damage comes from the side down-wind from the source of salt spray and downhill from


snowmelt. Tolerance to salt may exist within plant species and based on the type and amount of salt used on site.

Plant Size Matters: Trees and shrubs should be planted where their natural height and width will not interfere with adjacent infrastructure. Shrubs will continue to widen and should not be placed too close to paving or buildings. The width and ultimate height of a tree canopy should be researched prior to planting. Trees that are too tall for a site can impact overhead wiring but shrubs and trees with low branching patterns can affect sign visibility. Root systems can be as large as the plant crown canopy. Care should be taken to allow enough rooting space for plants. If not, plants will begin to decline after 10 to 20 years or begin to impact adjacent infrastructure, such as cracking pavement or underground pipes. Trees with shallow root systems should not be placed near paving or underground wires and pipes. Care must be taken to place a tree or shrub in the best location for its mature height, width, and root pattern. If trees and shrubs are not planted in the best location for their size, increased maintenance costs may occur.


TermsAlluvium soil: loose, unconsolidated (not cemented together into a solid rock), or

sediments, eroded, deposited, and reshaped by water in some form in a non-marine setting. Alluvium is typically made up of a variety of materials, including fine particles of silt and clay and larger particles of sand and gravel.

Bog: type of wetland fed primarily by rainwater. Bogs are typically acidic and often dominated by sphagnum mosses.

Calcareous soil: soil formed largely by the weathering of calcareous rocks and fossil shell beds. Different varieties usually contain chalk, marble, limestone, and frequently a large amount of phosphates. They often form a large part of the soil of deserts, which may prove very fertile when sufficient moisture for crops is applied.

Calcareous: an adjective meaning mostly or partly composed of calcium carbonate, in other words, containing lime or being chalky.

Canopy: the aboveground portion of a tree or shrub extending to the outer layer of leaves.

Fen: a type of wetland fed by surface water, groundwater, or both. Fens are characterized by their water chemistry, which is neutral or alkaline.

Introduced or non-native plants: species that has been brought into the state and then become established. They are species which did not evolve in this area and are also called exotic species. Introduced species can leave behind insects, disease, predators, and other natural controls that would prevent the plants from becoming invasive in Pennsylvania. Introduced plants may not be a viable food or habitat source for local animals and insects and may not be part of a healthy local ecosystem.

Invasive plants: species which grows aggressively, spreads, and displaces other plants. Invasive plants are generally undesirable because they are difficult to control once planted, can escape from cultivation, and can dominate whole areas. Most invasive plants are non-native plants.

Native plants: species which occurred within the state before settlement by Europeans. Native plants feed and shelter native animals and insects and support a healthy ecological web of live.

Serpentine Barrens: thin soil covering light green bedrock which contains high levels of metals (nickel, chromium, iron, and cobalt) that prove toxic to most plants and animals. However, while lacking nutrients, this habitat supports numerous species—many rare or endangered—that have adapted to the harsh environment over thousands of years. When serpentinite rock weathers, most of the rock dissolves, leaving behind a thin, sand- and clay-poor soil which is easily eroded. Therefore the land surface over serpentinites is stony, unfertile and sparsely vegetated - hence the term “serpentine barren.” Typically a serpentine barren contains scrub oak and pine, cedar, grasses and some unique and rare wildflowers.


Soil Nutrients: the three primary nutrients used by plants are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Besides the three primary nutrients, there are several trace elements that are necessary for good plant health like: calcium, magnesium, zinc, molybdenum, etc.

Nitrogen: largely responsible for healthy leaf and stem growth. Nitrogen does not remain in the soil for long. It gets used up by plants and by decaying matter in the soil. It is also water soluble and can wash out of the soil rather quickly. Even so, an excess of nitrogen will cause a lot of foliage growth at the expense of flowers and fruit. Nitrogen is the first number on a fertilizer label and gives the percentage of Nitrogen in the fertilizer.Phosphorus: very important for root growth and producing flowers. Flowering bulbs and root crops can always use some phosphorous. That’s why bone meal is often recommended for fall bulb planting. It also is crucial for producing flowers and you will sometimes see fertilizers with a high phosphorus content advertised as flower boosters. Phosphorus is the second (middle) number on a fertilizer label and gives the percentage of Phosphorus in the fertilizer.Potassium: needed for overall plant health. It keeps the plants growing and aids their immune systems. Potassium is also water soluble and needs to be replenished from time to time. Potassium is the third and last number of a fertilizer label and gives the percentage of Potassium in the fertilizer.

Soil pH: measures the amount of lime (calcium) contained in the soil.

Soil pH ranges from 1.0 to 14.0, with 7.0 being neutral. Generally speaking, it is easier to make soils more alkaline than it is to make them more acid. The reason soil pH matters is that nutrients in the soil are only available to plants if the soil pH is within a certain range. The only sure fire way to know where your soil’s pH falls is to have it tested. Keep in mind that it takes time to alter soil pH and your soil will tend to revert to its old pH over time, necessitating repeated treatment.

Alkaline (basic): pH 7.1 or above; generally soil found in dry climates. Limestone is typically alkaline. You can amend alkaline soil with sulfur (sawdust, composted leaves, wood chips, cottonseed meal, leaf mold, and especially peat moss) to lower the soils pH and make it more acidic. Neutral: pH of 7.0Acidic: pH less than 7.0; generally soil found in wet climates. Sphagnum/Peat is typically acidic. Correction of an overly acid soil should be considered a long term project, rather than trying to accomplish it in one year. It is better to test your soil each year and make your adjustments gradually. The addition of lime (hardwood ash, bone meal, crushed marble, or crushed oyster shells) will also help to raise the soil pH and make it more alkaline.

Soil type: typically falls into 4 basic categories; sand, clay, loam, and peat. Sandy soils: have very large particles. Water, air and plant roots can move freely in sandy soils, sometimes too much so. Sandy soil typically has a higher (alkaline) pH. Clay: particles are so small they pack together tightly and leave little room for water, air or roots. Clay is typically slightly acidic.


Sandy loam: ideal soil. It’s light and allows for air and water movement, but has some grip creating a kind of fine bread crumb like texture. Usually occurs when there is plenty of organic matter in the soil. Sandy loam typically has an alkaline pH. Organic matter: dead plant or animal material, also know as humus. There is always some organic matter in your soil, but usually not enough for a plant’s needs. It helps sandy soil by retaining water that would otherwise wash away and it corrects clay soil by making it looser, so that air, water and roots can penetrate. In all soils, it encourages beneficial microbial activity and it provides some nutritional benefits. Humus is nature’s way of feeding the circle of life.

Soil texture: refers to the size of the soil particles. An easy test for soil texture is to make a ball of damp garden soil. If it breaks apart when you tap it, it’s sandy. If you can press it between your thumb and finger and make a ribbon, it’s clay. Most soils are somewhere in-between. Don’t try to change your soil texture by adding sand to clay or vice versa. That is a recipe for cement.


ReferencesAudubon Council of Pa, “Native Plants in the Creation of Backyard, Schoolyard, and Park Habitat Areas”, 1996

Audubon Society of Western Pennsylvania, “Local Native Plant Species Allegheny County Area”, 1993

Bowman’s Hill Wildflower Preserve “Native Plants for Dry Soil Conditions”, 2002

Bowman’s Hill Wildflower Preserve “Native Plants for Wet Soil Conditions”

Bowman’s Hill Wildflower Preserve “Native Plant Sale Catalog”, 2005

Dept. of Conservation & Natural Resources, “Common Trees of Pennsylvania”, Bureau of Forestry, Harrisburg PA

Department of Conservation & Natural Resources, “Landscaping with Native Plants in Pennsylvania”

Department of Environmental Protection, “Pennsylvania Stormwater BMP Manual”, December 30 2006

Dirr, Michael A, “Manual of Woody Landscape Plants”, Third Edition, 1983

jenkinsarboretum.org/greenribbon.html viewed January 27, 2010

Penn State University Municipal Tree Restoration Program, “Street Tree Fact Sheets”, 1993

Rhoads, Ann Fowler and Block, Timothy A., “The Plants of Pennsylvania”, 2000

Rhoads, Ann Fowler and Klein, William McKinley Jr.,”The Vascular Flora of Pa”, Am. Philosophical Society, Phila 1993

Twinleaf Bowman’s Hill Wildflower Preserve “Native Plants to Attract Hummingbirds”, Vol. 12, #1, Spring 2003

Whaley, J.T., “Salt and Salt Spray Sensitive of Native Trees and Plants for Use Along Highways and Streets”,

Urban Forestry news, Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2006

www.plantnative.com/rpl-nypanj.htm viewed January 20, 2010

www.hort.uconn.edu/plants viewed July 2010

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ung.

Non

tole

rant

of p

ollu

tion

or

diffi

cult

sit

es. A

ffec

ted

by b

ronz

e bi

rch

bore

r.

Betu

la p

opul

ifolia

G

ray

Birc

hD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

old

fiel

ds, o

pen

woo

ds a

nd d

istu

rbed

ar

eas,

esp

ecia

lly o

n dr

y, s

teri

le s

oils

.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

and

fast

gro

win

g.

Tole

rate

s m

ost s

oil,

espe

cial

ly d

ry,

grav

ely

soil.

Ver

y aff

ecte

d by

leaf

m

iner

. Pro

ne to

sna

ppin

g or

ben

d by

ic

e or

sno

w.

Carp

inus

caro

linia

na

Hor

nbea

m/

Iron

woo

d/ B

lue

Beec

hD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s ne

utra

l to

acid

ic, m

oist

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ri

ch, m

oist

woo

ds &

st

ream

edg

es.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

. Slo

w g

row

ing

and

does

n’t t

rans

plan

t wel

l.

Cary

a co

rdifo

rmis

Bi

tter

nut H

icko

ryD

ecid

uous

LG

row

s be

tter

in

shad

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

moi

st w

oods

&

stre

am b

anks

.

Att

ract

ive

Fall

folia

ge. L

arge

tapr

oot

prov

ides

tree

sta

bilit

y bu

t mak

es

tran

spla

ntin

g di

fficu

lt. F

ruit

is m

essy

.

Cary

a gl

abra

(S

wee

t) P

ignu

t Hic

kory

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

up

land

woo

ds, d

ry

ridg

e to

ps &

slo

pes.

Nar

row

sha

pe. L

arge

tapr

oot p

rovi

des

tree

sta

bilit

y bu

t mak

es tr

ansp

lant

ing

diffi

cult

. Fru

it is

mes

sy.

Cary

a la

cini

osa

Shel

lbar

k H

icko

ryD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

moi

st, r

ich

bott

omla

nds

&

slop

es.

Cary

a ov

alis

Sw

eet P

ignu

t Hic

kory

/ R

ed

Hic

kory

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ri

ch, d

ry w

oods

&

bluff

s.

Cary

a ov

ata

Shag

bark

/ S

hellb

ark

Hic

kory

Dec

iduo

usL

Gro

ws

best

in

shad

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

lo

w, m

oist

woo

ds &

sl

opes

in r

ich

soil.

Very

att

ract

ive

Fall

colo

r. La

rge

tapr

oot

prov

ides

tree

sta

bilit

y bu

t mak

es

tran

spla

ntin

g di

fficu

lt. F

ruit

is m

essy

.

Cary

a to

men

tosa

M

ocke

rnut

Hic

kory

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

m

oist

, ope

n w

oods

&

slo

pes.

Cast

anea

den

tata

A

mer

ican

Che

stnu

tD

ecid

uous

L

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

w

oode

d sl

opes

&

ridg

es in

dry

, aci

dic

soils

.

Aff

ecte

d by

Che

stnu

t blig

ht.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Tre

es

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Cast

anea

pum

ila

Chi

nqua

pin

Dec

iduo

usL

Wid

e so

il m

oist

ure

tole

ranc

e

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

m

oist

to d

ry w

oode

d sl

opes

.

Celt

is o

ccid

enta

lis ‘c

anin

a’

Dog

berr

yD

ecid

uous

LW

ide

pH

tole

ranc

e

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

rock

y sl

opes

, ri

ch b

anks

&

bott

omla

nds.

Celt

is o

ccid

enta

lis ‘o

ccid

enta

lis’

Com

mon

Hac

kber

ry /

Su

garb

erry

Dec

iduo

usL

Wid

e pH

to

lera

nce

and

wid

e so

il m

oist

ure

tole

ranc

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y to

moi

st w

oods

.

Tole

rate

s ur

ban

pollu

tant

s, w

ind,

an

d po

or s

oils

. Fas

t gro

win

g. E

asily

tr

ansp

lant

ed. M

ulti

ple

dise

ases

(Asi

an

woo

lly a

phid

) cau

ses

aest

heti

c da

mag

e.

Goo

d sh

ade

tree

for

pave

d ar

eas.

Celt

is te

nuifo

lia ‘g

eorg

iann

a’

Dw

arf o

r G

eorg

ia H

ackb

erry

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

alka

line

soil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sh

ale

bank

s, w

oode

d hi

llsid

es &

lim

esto

ne

cliff

s.Ce

ltis

tenu

ifolia

‘ten

nuifo

lia’

Dw

arf o

r G

eorg

ia H

ackb

erry

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y, s

haly

slo

pes.

Cerc

is ca

nade

nsis

Ea

ster

n R

edbu

d/ R

edbu

d/

Juda

s Tr

eeD

ecid

uous

L

Pref

ers

alka

line

soil

wit

h a

wid

e so

il m

oist

ure

tole

ranc

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

woo

ded

slop

es,

& ra

vine

s in

dry

to

moi

st, r

ich

soils

on

lim

esto

ne o

r di

abas

e.

Smal

l rou

nd tr

ee w

ith

bran

ches

cl

ose

to g

roun

d. V

ery

show

y flo

wer

s.

Shal

low

root

pat

tern

. Tol

erat

es p

oor

soils

that

are

not

per

man

entl

y w

et o

r ve

ry h

ot a

nd d

ry. C

an b

e sh

ort l

ived

. G

ood

tree

for t

ight

loca

tion

s an

d un

der

utili

ty li

nes.

Cham

aecy

pari

s thy

oide

s A

tlan

tic

Whi

te C

edar

Ever

gree

nPr

efer

s ac

idic

, m

oist

soi

l.N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

spha

gnum

bog

s.N

arro

w c

olum

nar

shap

e. R

etai

ns d

ead,

br

own

need

les.

Corn

us a

ltern

ifolia

A

lter

nati

ve-le

aved

or

Pago

da

Dog

woo

dD

ecid

uous

LN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

low

, moi

st w

oods

&

shad

ed ra

vine

s.

Smal

l tre

e w

ith

a ho

rizo

ntal

bra

nchi

ng

patt

ern.

Fra

gran

t, m

oder

atel

y sh

owy

flow

ers.

Sho

rt li

ved.

Can

be

affec

ted

by

twig

blig

ht a

nd c

anke

rs.

Corn

us fl

orid

a Fl

ower

ing

Dog

woo

dD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s ac

idic

, m

oist

, org

anic

so

il.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ri

ch, m

oist

woo

ds,

& w

oods

edg

es a

s an

un

ders

tory

tree

.

Smal

l rou

nded

tree

. Doe

s no

t tol

erat

e he

at, d

roug

ht, p

ollu

tion

, and

road

sal

t.

Shal

low

root

pat

tern

. Sho

wy

flow

er

and

Fall

colo

r. A

ffec

ted

by c

row

n ro

t,

cank

er, p

owde

ry m

ildew

, ant

hrac

nose

, an

d do

gwoo

d bo

rer.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Tre

es

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Crat

aegu

s dila

tata

H

awth

orn

Dec

iduo

usN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

past

ures

, thi

cket

s, &

hi

llsid

es.

Crat

aegu

s mol

lis

Dow

ny H

awth

orn

Dec

iduo

usN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

aban

done

d fie

lds.

Slow

gro

win

g m

ediu

m h

eigh

t. F

ruit

ea

ten

by b

irds

. Thor

ny b

ranc

hes.

Eas

y to

gro

w. T

oler

ant o

f pru

ning

. Aff

ecte

d by

man

y pe

sts.

Crat

aegu

s pun

ctat

a D

otte

d or

Whi

te H

awth

orn

Dec

iduo

usH

as w

ide

soil

pH

tole

ranc

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

w

oods

, pas

ture

s, &

al

luvi

al b

anks

.

Crat

aegu

s suc

cule

nta

Long

-spi

ned

or F

lesh

y H

awth

orn

Dec

iduo

us

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

woo

ds, t

hick

ets,

ba

nks,

fenc

erow

s, &

m

eado

ws.

Dio

spyr

os v

irgi

nian

a Pe

rsim

mon

Dec

iduo

usL

Has

wid

e so

il pH

to

lera

nce.

Pre

fers

m

oist

, wel

l-dr

aine

d so

il.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

th

in w

oods

, edg

es,

flood

plai

ns, &

old

fie

lds.

Fast

gro

win

g m

ediu

m h

eigh

t. M

ale

and

fem

ale

spec

ies

requ

ired

for

frui

ting

. Fr

uit a

ttra

cts

wild

life.

Diffi

cult

to

tran

spla

nt.

Fagu

s gra

ndifo

lia

Am

eric

an B

eech

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

wel

l dr

aine

d ac

idic

so

ils.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

do

min

ant t

ree

of

mat

ure

fore

sts

on

moi

st, r

ich

soils

.

Shor

t tru

nk w

ith

low

han

ging

br

anch

es. S

low

gro

win

g. A

ttra

ctiv

e fa

ll co

lor.

Shal

low

, wid

e ro

ot s

yste

m.

Sens

itiv

e to

sal

t and

sal

t spr

ay. F

ruit

m

essy

.

Frax

inus

am

eric

ana

‘am

eric

ana’

W

hite

Ash

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

neut

ral t

o ac

idic

soi

l pH

.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

w

oods

, fen

cero

ws,

&

old

field

s.

Shal

low

root

pat

tern

. Eas

ily

tran

spla

nted

and

est

ablis

hed.

Mal

e an

d fe

mal

e tr

ees

need

ed fo

r fr

uit.

Se

eds

can

be n

umer

ous.

Sev

erel

y aff

ecte

d by

Em

eral

d A

sh B

orer

.

Frax

inus

am

eric

ana

‘bilt

mor

eana

’ Bi

ltm

ore

Ash

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

neut

ral t

o ac

idic

soi

l pH

.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ric

h, w

oode

d sl

opes

, riv

er b

anks

, fe

ncer

ows,

&

road

side

s.

Seve

rely

aff

ecte

d by

Em

eral

d A

sh

Bore

r.

Frax

inus

nig

ra

Blac

k A

shD

ecid

uous

LN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

swam

ps, w

et w

oods

, &

bot

tom

land

s.

Seve

rely

aff

ecte

d by

Em

eral

d A

sh

Bore

r.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Tre

es

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Frax

inus

pen

nsyl

vani

ca

Gre

en o

r R

ed A

shD

ecid

uous

LH

as w

ide

soil

pH a

nd d

rain

age

tole

ranc

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

allu

vial

woo

ds,

stre

am b

anks

, &

moi

st fi

elds

.

Fast

gro

win

g. S

hallo

w ro

ot p

atte

rn.

Show

y Fa

ll co

lor.

Easi

ly tr

ansp

lant

ed

and

esta

blis

hed.

Mal

e pl

ants

pre

ferr

ed

for

land

scap

ing

as fe

mal

e se

eds

can

be

num

erou

s. A

ffec

ted

by a

sh b

orer

s.

Frax

inus

pro

fund

a Pu

mpk

in A

shD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sh

allo

w w

oodl

and

pond

s &

wet

, w

oode

d fla

ts.

Gle

dits

ia tr

iaca

ntho

s (C

omm

on) H

oney

locu

stD

ecid

uous

LH

as w

ide

soil

pH

tole

ranc

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

woo

ded

slop

es,

rive

r ba

nks,

&

flood

plai

ns.

Cast

s lig

ht s

hade

. Flo

wer

s ar

e fr

agra

nt.

Frui

t is

mes

sy. T

oler

ant o

f pol

luti

on

and

salt

. Thor

ns o

n st

ems

and

mai

n tr

unk.

Aff

ecte

d by

var

ious

pes

ts.

Gym

nocl

adus

dio

icus

K

entu

cky

Coff

eetr

eeD

ecid

uous

Has

wid

e so

il pH

to

lera

nce.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ri

ch, m

oist

woo

ds, &

bo

ttom

land

s.

Leav

es a

nd fr

uit m

essy

in F

all.

Ada

ptab

le to

man

y so

ils. T

oler

ant o

f dr

ough

t and

pol

luti

on.

Ilex

opac

a A

mer

ican

Hol

lyEv

ergr

een

LPr

efer

s m

oist

, ac

idic

, wel

l-dr

aine

d so

il.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

moi

st, a

lluvi

al

woo

ds &

woo

ded

slop

es.

Mal

e an

d fe

mal

e pl

ants

nee

ded

for

show

y re

d be

rrie

s. T

oler

ant o

f air

po

lluti

on a

nd s

alt.

Spi

ny le

aves

.

Jugl

ans c

iner

ea

Butt

ernu

tD

ecid

uous

L

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

low

land

woo

ds

& r

ich

woo

ded

hills

ides

.

Slow

gro

wth

rate

. Fru

it c

an b

e m

essy

.

Jugl

ans n

igra

Bl

ack

Wal

nut

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ope

n w

oods

&

mea

dow

s in

moi

st,

rich

, allu

vial

soi

ls.

Leav

es e

mit

odo

r w

hen

crus

hed.

M

ale

and

fem

ale

plan

ts n

eede

d fo

r nu

ts. N

uts

can

be m

essy

. Diffi

cult

to

tran

spla

nt.

Juni

peru

s vir

gini

ana

East

ern

Red

ceda

r or

Red

Ced

arEv

ergr

een

L

Wid

e so

il m

oist

ure

and

soil

pH to

lera

nce.

Pr

efer

s fu

ll su

n.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

old

fiel

ds,

Serp

enti

ne b

arre

ns,

moi

st to

dry

ste

rile

so

ils.

Easi

ly tr

ansp

lant

ed. T

oler

ant o

f m

ost s

ite

cond

itio

ns. S

usce

ptib

le

to b

agw

orm

s an

d ce

dar-

appl

e ru

st.

Sour

ce o

f man

y al

lerg

y pr

oble

ms

due

to p

olle

n.

Lari

x la

rici

na

Am

eric

an o

r Ea

ster

n La

rch

/ Ta

mar

ack

Dec

iduo

usPr

efer

s ac

idic

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

mar

gins

of

spha

gnum

bog

s an

d pe

atla

nds.

Gro

ws

best

in c

ool s

umm

ers.

Not

to

lera

nt o

f any

hea

t, s

hade

, or

air

pollu

tion

. Aff

ecte

d by

larc

h ca

se-

bear

er, w

oolly

aph

id, a

nd s

awfly

pes

ts.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Tre

es

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Liqu

idam

bar s

tyra

ciflu

a Sw

eetg

umD

ecid

uous

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

lo

w, w

et, c

oast

al,

plai

n w

oods

.

Larg

e m

atur

e fo

rm. L

acks

col

d ha

rdin

ess

whe

n yo

ung.

Sha

llow

root

sy

stem

. Fal

l col

or ty

pica

lly s

how

y.

Mes

sy fr

uit i

n th

e sh

ape

of s

piny

bal

ls.

Liri

oden

dron

tulip

ifera

Tu

lip T

ree

/ Tu

lip P

opla

r or

M

agno

liaD

ecid

uous

L

Pref

ers

neut

ral

to a

cidi

c so

il pH

. G

row

s be

st in

sh

ade.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

fo

rest

tree

of r

ich

woo

ds.

Nee

ds a

dequ

ate

spac

e to

gro

w v

ery

larg

e. S

how

y ye

llow

Fal

l col

or. A

void

ve

ry d

ry, h

ot s

ites

. Sen

siti

ve to

sal

t an

d sa

lt s

pray

but

sti

ll go

od s

hade

tree

fo

r pa

ving

.

Mag

nolia

acu

min

ata

Cucu

mbe

rtre

e M

agno

liaD

ecid

uous

L

Has

a w

ide

soil

pH

tole

ranc

e. P

refe

rs

shad

e w

ith

moi

st

soil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ri

ch u

plan

d w

oods

&

slop

es.

Fast

gro

wth

rate

. Sho

wy

red

frui

t. Th

in

bark

em

its

spic

y od

or w

hen

brui

sed.

D

ifficu

lt to

tran

spla

nt. A

ffec

ted

by

scal

e.

Mag

nolia

trip

etal

a U

mbr

ella

Mag

nolia

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

shad

e w

ith

moi

st, r

ich,

or

gani

c so

il.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ri

ch w

oode

d sl

opes

&

floo

dpla

ins.

Sm

all t

o m

ediu

m h

eigh

t. F

low

er

frag

ranc

e is

unp

leas

ant.

Spr

eads

ra

pidl

y in

Sou

thea

st P

A.

Mag

nolia

vir

gini

ana

Swee

tbay

Mag

nolia

Dec

iduo

us

/ Se

mie

ver-

gree

nL

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

moi

st w

oods

&

swam

ps in

san

dy,

peat

y so

ils.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

. Tol

eran

t of w

et s

oil.

Into

lera

nt o

f alk

alin

e so

il an

d w

inte

r w

inds

.

Mal

us co

rona

ria

Am

eric

an C

raba

pple

/ S

wee

t Cr

abD

ecid

uous

LH

as a

wid

e so

il pH

to

lera

nce.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

w

oods

, old

fiel

ds, &

th

icke

ts.

Low

bra

nchi

ng p

atte

rn m

ay a

ffec

t sig

n vi

sibi

lity.

Mal

us g

lauc

esce

ns

Am

eric

an o

r W

ild C

raba

pple

Dec

iduo

usH

as a

wid

e so

il pH

to

lera

nce.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ope

n w

oods

, &

woo

ded

slop

es.

Low

bra

nchi

ng p

atte

rn m

ay a

ffec

t sig

n vi

sibi

lity.

Mal

us la

ncifo

lia

Lanc

elea

f Cra

bapp

leD

ecid

uous

LH

as a

wid

e so

il pH

to

lera

nce.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y, o

pen

woo

ds, o

ld

field

s, p

astu

res,

&

edge

s.

Low

bra

nchi

ng p

atte

rn m

ay a

ffec

t sig

n vi

sibi

lity.

Mor

us ru

bra

Red

Mul

berr

yD

ecid

uous

L

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ri

ch, m

oist

, allu

vial

so

ils &

woo

ded

slop

es.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Tre

es

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Nys

sa sy

lvat

ica

Blac

k or

Sou

r G

um /

Bla

ck

Tupe

loD

ecid

uous

L

Pref

ers

acid

ic

soil

wit

h a

wid

e so

il m

oist

ure

tole

ranc

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y to

moi

st w

oods

, ro

cky

slop

es, &

rid

ge

tops

.

Slow

gro

wth

rate

. Sho

wy

fall

colo

r. M

ale

and

fem

ale

plan

ts n

eede

d fo

r fr

uiti

ng. L

arge

tapr

oot p

rovi

des

tree

st

abili

ty b

ut m

akes

tran

spla

ntin

g di

fficu

lt. T

oler

ates

urb

an p

ollu

tant

s &

po

or s

oil.

Ost

rya

virg

inia

na

Hop

Hor

nbea

m /

Iron

woo

dD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s al

kalin

e,

dry

soil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dry

, woo

ded

slop

es, o

ften

on

calc

areo

us s

oils

as

an u

nder

stor

y tr

ee.

Slow

gro

win

g an

d sl

ow to

est

ablis

h.

Can

tole

rate

dry

gra

velly

soi

ls in

par

tial

sh

ade

once

est

ablis

hed.

Into

lera

nt o

f sa

lt s

o av

oid

road

side

sit

es.

Oxy

dend

rum

arb

oreu

m

Sour

woo

d /

Sorr

el T

ree

Dec

iduo

usPr

efer

s m

oist

, ac

idic

, pea

ty, w

ell-

drai

ned

soil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

rock

y, w

oode

d sl

opes

.

Slow

gro

win

g. G

ood

Fall

colo

r. Fr

agra

nt fl

ower

s. In

tole

rant

of

pollu

ted,

urb

an lo

cati

ons.

Pice

a m

aria

na

Blac

k /

Bog

Spru

ceEv

ergr

een

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sp

hagn

um b

ogs.

Pice

a ru

bens

R

ed S

pruc

eEv

ergr

een

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

woo

dlan

ds o

r m

argi

ns o

f bog

s an

d sw

amps

.

Pinu

s ech

inat

a Sh

ort L

eaf o

r Ye

llow

Pin

eEv

ergr

een

LN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

slop

es a

nd r

idge

s, in

dr

y st

erile

soi

ls.

Pinu

s pun

gens

Ta

ble

Mou

ntai

n Pi

neEv

ergr

een

LN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

dry,

rock

y, g

rave

lly

slop

es &

rid

ge to

ps.

Pinu

s res

inos

a R

ed o

r N

orw

ay P

ine

Ever

gree

nL

Pref

ers

dry,

loos

e,

sand

y so

il.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s on

dry

slo

pes

in

nort

hern

cou

ntie

s.

Tall

heig

ht. B

ritt

le a

nd s

harp

nee

dles

. In

tole

rant

of h

eat,

win

d, o

r sa

lt.

Pinu

s rig

ida

Pitc

h Pi

neEv

ergr

een

L

Has

wid

e so

il m

oist

ure

tole

ranc

e. P

refe

rs

wel

l-dra

ined

, ac

idic

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ste

rile

soi

ls

incl

udin

g se

rpen

tine

ba

rren

s.

Gro

ws

on p

oor,

san

dy s

oil i

n fu

ll su

n.

Salt

tole

rant

. Ope

n, u

nusu

al g

row

th

habi

t wit

h ag

e. D

oes

not c

ompe

te w

ell

wit

h ot

her

plan

ts.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Tre

es

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Pinu

s str

obus

Ea

ster

n W

hite

Pin

eEv

ergr

een

L

Has

wid

e so

il m

oist

ure

tole

ranc

e. P

refe

rs

wel

l-dra

ined

, sl

ight

ly a

cidi

c so

il.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

m

oist

to d

ry w

ood-

land

s an

d fo

rest

ed

slop

es.

Fast

gro

win

g. E

asily

tran

spla

nted

and

gr

own.

Col

d to

lera

nt. W

eak

woo

d.

Into

lera

nt o

f str

ong

win

ds, i

ce, a

nd

heav

y sn

ows.

Sus

cept

ible

to s

alt,

air

po

lluti

on, w

hite

pin

e bl

iste

r ru

st, a

nd

whi

te p

ine

wee

vil.

Pinu

s vir

gini

ana

Vir

gini

a (S

crub

) Pin

e /

Jers

ey

Pine

Ever

gree

nL

Pref

ers

dry,

dee

p,

loam

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ba

rren

s, r

idge

tops

, in

dry

san

dy o

r ro

cky

soils

.

Slow

gro

win

g. A

dapt

able

to p

oor

soils

. Low

sal

t tol

eran

ce. S

harp

con

es.

Thin

bar

k. E

asily

dam

aged

by

soil

com

pact

ion

and

bark

dam

age.

Aff

ecte

d by

var

ious

pes

ts.

Plat

anus

occ

iden

talis

Sy

cam

ore

/ Bu

tton

woo

d /

Am

eric

an P

lane

tree

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

shad

e w

ith

moi

st, d

eep,

ri

ch, w

ell-d

rain

ed

soil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

st

ream

ban

ks, l

ow

woo

ds, fl

oodp

lain

s,

allu

vial

soi

ls.

Fast

gro

win

g w

ith

a sh

allo

w ro

ot

patt

ern.

Sho

wy

‘fuzz

y’ fr

uit a

nd

exfo

liati

ng b

ark.

Som

e w

hat s

alt a

nd

drou

ght t

oler

ant.

Aff

ecte

d by

var

ious

di

seas

es a

nd p

ests

.

Popu

lus b

alsa

mife

ra

Bals

am P

opla

r /

Hac

kmat

ack

Dec

iduo

us

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

amps

, thi

cket

s,

allu

vial

gra

vel &

ri

ver

bank

s.

Shal

low

root

sys

tem

. Tol

erat

es u

rban

po

lluta

nts

& p

oor

soils

.

Popu

lus d

elto

ides

Ea

ster

n Co

tton

woo

d /

East

ern

Popl

arD

ecid

uous

L

Wid

e so

il pH

to

lera

nce.

Pre

fers

w

et s

oil i

n fu

ll su

n.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ri

ver

bank

s &

ric

h al

luvi

al s

oils

.

Fast

gro

win

g, w

ide

spre

adin

g fo

rm.

Show

y ba

rk b

ut w

eak

and

brit

tle.

Sal

t an

d dr

ough

t tol

eran

t. S

hallo

w ro

ot

syst

em w

hich

cau

se p

avem

ent b

uckl

ing

and

can

clog

pip

es a

nd s

epti

c ta

nks.

Sh

ort l

ived

.

Popu

lus g

rand

iden

tata

Bi

gtoo

th /

Lar

ge T

ooth

ed

Asp

enD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s w

et s

oil

and

full

sun.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ea

rly

succ

essi

onal

w

oods

& fl

oodp

lain

s.

Fast

gro

win

g. T

rans

plan

ts e

asily

. Sh

allo

w ro

ot s

yste

m w

hich

cau

se

pave

men

t buc

klin

g an

d ca

n cl

og p

ipes

an

d se

ptic

tank

s. S

hort

live

d.

Popu

lus t

rem

uloi

des

Qua

king

or

Trem

blin

g A

spen

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

wet

soi

l an

d fu

ll su

n.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

old

fiel

ds, o

pen

woo

ds o

r ba

rren

s,

usua

lly o

n sa

ndy

or

grav

elly

soi

ls.

Fast

gro

win

g. S

hallo

w ro

ot s

yste

m

whi

ch c

ause

pav

emen

t buc

klin

g an

d ca

n cl

og p

ipes

and

sep

tic

tank

s. S

hort

liv

ed.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Tre

es

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Prun

us a

llegh

anie

nsis

A

llegh

eny

Plum

Dec

iduo

us

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ro

cky

bluff

s, s

hale

ba

rren

s, ro

adsi

des,

&

floo

dpla

ins.

Prun

us a

mer

ican

a W

ild P

lum

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

w

oode

d sl

opes

, riv

er

bank

s, h

edge

row

s, &

ro

adsi

de th

icke

ts.

Slow

gro

win

g. S

how

y w

hite

flow

ers

befo

re p

lant

leaf

s ou

t. F

ruit

sho

wy

and

attr

acts

bir

ds. Th

orns

on

stem

s.

Aff

ecte

d by

tent

cat

erpi

llars

.Pr

unus

ang

usti

folia

C

hick

asaw

Plu

mD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ro

adsi

de th

icke

t.Pr

unus

nig

ra

Cana

da P

lum

Dec

iduo

usN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

woo

ded

slop

es.

Prun

us p

ensy

lvan

ica

Fire

or

Pin

Che

rry

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dry

woo

ds &

op

enin

gs.

Prun

us se

roti

na

Blac

k C

herr

yD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s de

ep,

moi

st, f

erti

le s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

w

oods

& fe

ncer

ows.

Fast

gro

win

g w

ith

‘wee

ping

’ pen

dulo

us

bran

ches

. Sho

wy,

frag

rant

, whi

te

flow

ers.

Dro

ught

tole

rant

but

sen

siti

ve

to s

alt.

Fol

iage

is p

oiso

nous

. Aff

ecte

d by

tent

cat

erpi

llars

and

fall

web

wor

m.

Prun

us v

irgi

nian

a C

hoke

Che

rry

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

neut

ral t

o ac

idic

soi

l pH

.N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

rock

y, u

plan

d w

oods

.

Ptel

ea tr

ifolia

ta

Hop

Tre

e /

Waf

er A

shD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

str

eam

ban

ks &

ro

adsi

de th

icke

ts.

Slow

gro

win

g. F

requ

entl

y m

ulti

-st

emm

ed a

nd s

ucke

ring

. Fra

gran

t flo

wer

s.Q

uerc

us A

lba

‘mon

tana

’ Sa

ul O

akD

ecid

uous

LN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

rock

y, u

plan

d w

oods

.

Que

rcus

alb

a W

hite

Oak

Dec

iduo

usL

Wid

e so

il m

oist

ure

tole

ranc

e. P

refe

rs

acid

ic s

oil.

Dom

inan

t for

est

tree

on

dry

to m

oist

si

tes.

Slow

gro

win

g. L

arge

, wid

er th

an ta

ll fo

rm. L

ate

show

y Fa

ll co

lor.

Mes

sy

flow

ers

and

acor

ns. D

islik

es b

eing

di

stur

bed

and

can

be d

ifficu

lt to

mov

e an

d es

tabl

ish.

Lon

g liv

ed. A

esth

etic

ally

aff

ecte

d by

man

y in

sect

s an

d di

seas

es.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Tre

es

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Que

rcus

bic

olor

Sw

amp

Whi

te O

akD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s ac

idic

, m

oist

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

lo

w, m

oist

fore

sts

&

woo

ded

swam

ps.

Shal

low

root

pat

tern

. Bro

ad, o

pen,

ro

und

crow

n an

d sh

ort t

runk

. Mes

sy

flow

ers.

Aco

rns

attr

act w

ildlif

e.

Dro

ught

tole

rant

. Aff

ecte

d by

man

y pe

sts

and

dise

ases

.

Que

rcus

cocc

inea

Sc

arle

t Oak

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

sand

y so

il.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y up

per

slop

es &

ri

dges

in p

oor

soil.

Tole

rate

s po

or s

oils

. Sho

wy

Fall

colo

r. D

ifficu

lt to

tran

spla

nt.

Que

rcus

falc

ata

Sout

hern

Red

or

Span

ish

Oak

Dec

iduo

us

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dry

to m

oist

w

oodl

ands

on

or

near

the

Coas

tal

Plai

n.Q

uerc

us il

icifo

lia ‘v

elut

ina’

R

edhe

r O

akD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y, ro

cky

woo

ds

Que

rcus

imbr

icar

ia ‘ r

ubra

’ Sa

w T

ooth

ed O

akD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

st

ream

val

leys

&

road

side

s.

Que

rcus

imbr

icar

ia ‘ v

elut

ina’

Le

a O

akD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

w

oods

bor

ders

and

ri

ch b

otto

mla

nds.

Que

rcus

imbr

icar

ia

Shin

gle

or L

aure

l Oak

Dec

iduo

usH

as w

ide

soil

pH

tole

ranc

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

moi

st, r

ich

bott

omla

nds.

Hol

ds it

leav

es la

te in

to th

e se

ason

. A

ttra

ctiv

e su

mm

er fo

liage

. Mes

sy

flow

ers

and

leav

es p

ersi

st in

to w

inte

r. To

lera

tes

urba

n po

lluta

nts

& p

oor

soils

.

Que

rcus

mac

roca

rpa

Burr

or

Mos

sy C

up O

akD

ecid

uous

Has

wid

e so

il pH

to

lera

nce.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dry

to m

oist

fo

rest

s in

neu

tral

or

calc

areo

us s

oils

.

Slow

gro

win

g. S

hallo

w ro

ot p

atte

rn.

Que

rcus

mar

iland

ica

Blac

kjac

k O

akD

ecid

uous

LN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in d

ry, s

teri

le s

oils

, se

rpen

tine

bar

rens

.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Tre

es

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Que

rcus

mon

tana

C

hest

nut o

r R

ock

or B

aske

t O

akD

ecid

uous

L

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dom

inan

t for

est

tree

on

dry

slop

es &

ri

dge

tops

in a

cidi

c so

ils.

Que

rcus

mue

hlen

berg

ii Ye

llow

Che

stnu

t or

Chi

nkap

in

Oak

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

w

oode

d sl

opes

on

limes

tone

.

Show

yel

low

Fal

l col

or la

te in

the

seas

on. F

low

ers

and

acor

ns m

essy

. D

islik

es b

eing

dis

turb

ed a

nd c

an b

e di

fficu

lt to

tran

spla

nt a

nd e

stab

lish.

A

esth

etic

ally

aff

ecte

d by

dis

ease

and

pe

sts.

Lon

g liv

ed a

nd c

an re

ach

100

feet

tall.

Goo

d sh

ade

tree

for

pavi

ng.

Que

rcus

pal

ustr

is

Pin

or S

wam

p O

akD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s ac

idic

, m

oist

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

low

, moi

st o

r se

ason

ally

wet

w

oods

or

swam

ps.

Uni

que

bran

chin

g pa

tter

n. T

oler

ates

ur

ban

pollu

tant

s ex

cept

sal

t and

sal

t sp

ray.

Sha

llow

root

pat

tern

. Eas

ily

tran

spla

nted

.

Que

rcus

phe

llos ‘

rubr

a’

Bart

ram

Oak

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

lo

w, m

oist

woo

ds o

n or

nea

r th

e Co

asta

l Pl

ain.

Que

rcus

phe

llos

Will

ow O

akD

ecid

uous

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

low

, moi

st o

r se

ason

ally

wet

w

oods

.

Fast

gro

win

g w

hich

can

reac

h 70

fe

et a

t mat

urit

y. T

oler

ates

urb

an

pollu

tant

s. S

how

y Fa

ll co

lor

late

in

seas

on. M

essy

flow

ers

and

acor

ns.

Att

ract

s sq

uirr

els.

Aff

ecte

d by

var

ious

pe

sts.

Goo

d sh

ade

tree

for

pavi

ng.

Que

rcus

rubr

a N

orth

ern

Red

Oak

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

neut

ral

to a

cidi

c so

il pH

wit

h a

wid

e so

il m

oist

ure

tole

ranc

e.

Dom

inan

t for

est

tree

on

moi

st to

dry

si

tes.

Long

live

d w

ith

larg

e gr

owth

pat

tern

th

at c

an re

ach

70 fe

et h

igh

at

mat

urit

y. D

eep

root

ed. T

oler

ates

urb

an

pollu

tant

s an

d go

od s

hade

tree

for

pavi

ng. A

corn

s ca

n be

mes

sy.

Que

rcus

shum

ardi

i Sh

umar

d oa

kD

ecid

uous

Wid

e so

il pH

to

lera

nce.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

st

ream

ban

ks.

Fast

gro

win

g, lo

ng li

ved,

and

can

reac

h 70

feet

hig

h at

mat

urit

y. S

how

y Fa

ll co

lor.

Mes

sy fl

ower

s an

d ac

orns

. Goo

d sh

ade

tree

for

pavi

ng. T

oler

ates

urb

an

pollu

tant

s an

d po

or s

oils

. Aff

ecte

d by

oa

k w

ilt a

nd v

ario

us p

ests

.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Tre

es

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Que

rcus

stel

lata

Po

st O

akD

ecid

uous

L

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dry

woo

ds &

hi

llsid

es, S

erpe

ntin

e ba

rren

s.

Que

rcus

vel

utin

aD

ecid

uous

L

Wid

e so

il m

oist

ure

tole

ranc

e. P

refe

rs

rich

, wel

l dra

ined

, ac

idic

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dom

inan

t for

est

tree

on

moi

st to

dry

so

ils.

Slow

gro

win

g. M

essy

flow

ers.

Dis

likes

be

ing

dist

urbe

d an

d ca

n be

diffi

cult

to

mov

e an

d es

tabl

ish.

Aes

thet

ical

ly

affec

ted

by v

ario

us p

ests

and

dis

ease

s.

Long

live

d.

Rhu

s gla

bra

Smoo

th S

umac

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sh

ale

barr

ens,

old

fie

lds,

& d

ry, o

pen

slop

es.

Gro

ws

in c

olon

ies.

Sho

wy

Fall

colo

r. Ea

sily

tran

spla

nted

.

Rhu

s typ

hina

St

agho

rn S

umac

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y, o

pen

soil

of o

ld

field

s, ro

adsi

des,

&

woo

d ed

ges.

Gro

ws

in c

olon

ies.

Sho

wy

Fall

colo

r. A

rom

atic

bar

k. E

asily

tran

spla

nted

.

Rob

inia

pse

udoa

caci

a Bl

ack

Oak

Dec

iduo

usL

Tole

rate

s m

ost

soils

.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ope

n w

oods

, flo

odpl

ains

, thi

cket

s,

& fe

ncer

ows.

Show

y, v

ery

frag

rant

flow

ers.

Fix

es

nitr

ogen

. Eas

ily tr

ansp

lant

ed a

nd

grow

n. T

oler

ant o

f dry

, ste

rile

, san

dy

soils

and

sal

t, h

eat,

and

pol

luti

on.

Aff

ecte

d by

locu

st b

orer

and

leaf

m

iner

.

Salix

am

ygda

loid

es

Peac

hlea

ved

Will

owD

ecid

uous

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

amps

, bog

s, &

wet

sh

ores

.

Salix

caro

linia

na

Caro

lina

Will

owD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s al

ong

rive

r ba

nks,

sh

ores

, & lo

w w

oods

.

Salix

nig

ra

Blac

k W

illow

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

amps

, wet

m

eado

ws,

& r

ich

allu

vial

soi

ls.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Tre

es

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Sorb

us a

mer

ican

a A

mer

ican

Mou

ntai

n A

shD

ecid

uous

Pref

ers

acid

ic s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ro

cky

slop

es, b

ogs,

&

swam

ps.

Sorb

us d

ecor

a Sh

owy

Mou

ntai

n A

shD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ro

cky

slop

es.

Tilia

am

eric

ana

Am

eric

an L

inde

n/Ba

ssw

ood/

Whi

tew

ood

Dec

iduo

us

Has

wid

e so

il pH

to

lera

nce.

Pre

fers

m

oist

, fer

tile

, de

ep s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ri

ch w

oods

.

Shal

low

root

pat

tern

. Bas

al s

ucke

rs

shou

ld b

e re

mov

ed. F

ragr

ant w

hite

flo

wer

s at

trac

ts b

ees.

Tol

eran

t of

diffi

cult

, dry

, or

heav

y so

ils. E

asily

tr

ansp

lant

ed. A

ffec

ted

by a

phid

s an

d Ja

pane

se b

eetl

es. S

ensi

tive

to s

alt.

Toxi

code

ndro

n ve

rnix

Po

ison

Sum

acD

ecid

uous

LN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in s

wam

ps, f

ens,

&

mar

shes

.

Tsug

a ca

nade

nsis

Ea

ster

n or

Can

adia

n H

emlo

ckEv

ergr

een

L

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

co

ol, m

oist

woo

ds

& s

hade

d no

rthe

rn

and

east

ern

slop

es.

Stat

e tr

ee o

f PA

. Int

oler

ant o

f dry

soi

l, ho

t and

/or

win

dy s

ites

. Int

oler

ant

of p

ollu

tion

and

sal

t spr

ay. T

oler

ant

of h

eavy

sha

de a

nd p

runi

ng in

the

Spri

ng. A

ffec

ted

by s

pide

r m

ites

, woo

ly

adel

gid,

and

dee

r.

Ulm

us a

mer

ican

a A

mer

ican

or

Whi

te E

lmD

ecid

uous

LH

as w

ide

soil

pH

tole

ranc

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s al

ong

stre

am b

anks

&

floo

dpla

ins

in

rich

, allu

vial

soi

l.

Seve

rely

aff

ecte

d by

Dut

ch E

lm

dise

ase.

Ulm

us ru

bra

Slip

pery

or

Red

Elm

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

neut

ral

soil

pH.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

m

oist

woo

ds, s

trea

m

bank

s &

floo

dpla

ins

in n

eutr

al s

oils

.

22 | Pennsylvania Native ShrubsPe

nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Shr

ubs

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Ace

r spi

catu

m

Mou

ntai

n M

aple

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

m

oist

, roc

ky w

oods

.A

lnus

inca

na ‘r

ugos

a’

Spec

kled

Ald

erD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

bo

gs &

sw

amps

.

Aln

us se

rrul

ata

Smoo

th A

lder

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

lo

w, w

et w

oods

&

swam

ps.

Aln

us v

erid

is ‘c

risp

a’

Mou

ntai

n A

lder

Dec

iduo

usN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

cool

, roc

ky, w

oode

d sl

opes

.

And

rom

eda

polif

olia

‘g

lauc

ophy

lla’

Bog-

rose

mar

yEv

ergr

een

Pref

ers

acid

ic, w

et

soil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

flo

atin

g sp

hagn

um

bog

mat

s w

ith

cons

tant

ly m

oist

so

il.

Dis

likes

hea

t, h

umid

ity,

and

dro

ught

. Ty

pica

lly s

tays

und

er 2

foot

hig

h.

Am

elan

chie

r bar

tram

iana

M

ount

ain

June

berr

y,

Obl

ong

frui

ted

serv

iceb

erry

Dec

iduo

usPr

efer

s ac

idic

, m

oist

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

amps

, sph

agnu

m

bogs

, & p

eaty

th

icke

ts.

Am

elan

chie

r hum

ilis

Low

Jun

eber

ry /

Ser

vice

berr

yD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dry

, ope

n, h

igh

grou

nd &

blu

ffs.

Am

elan

chie

r int

erm

edia

Sh

adbu

sh /

Ser

vice

berr

yD

ecid

uous

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

w

et w

oods

, sw

amps

, bo

gs, &

riv

er b

anks

.

Am

elan

chie

r obo

valis

Co

asta

l Jun

eber

ry /

Coa

stal

Sh

adbu

shD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s ac

idic

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

pea

ty b

arre

ns,

thic

kets

, &

road

side

s.A

mel

anch

ier s

angu

inea

R

ound

leaf

Ser

vice

berr

y /

Shad

bush

Dec

iduo

usN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

open

woo

ds, r

ocky

sl

opes

, & b

arre

ns.

Pennsylvania Native Shrubs | 23Pe

nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Shr

ubs

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Am

elan

chie

r sto

loni

fera

Lo

w J

uneb

erry

/ S

hadb

ush

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

w

oods

, old

fiel

ds,

fenc

erow

s, ro

adsi

de

bank

s, &

Ser

pent

ine

barr

ens.

Am

orph

a fr

utic

osa

Fals

e In

digo

/ In

digo

bush

A

mor

pha

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

al

luvi

al s

oils

alo

ng

stre

ams,

riv

ers

&

othe

r lo

w, m

oist

ar

eas.

Arc

euth

obiu

m p

usill

um

Dw

arf M

istl

etoe

Ever

gree

nPr

efer

s ac

idic

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

bog

s. P

aras

itic

on

the

bran

ches

of

Blac

k Sp

ruce

.

Arc

tost

aphy

los u

va-u

rsi

Bear

berr

yEv

ergr

een

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

wel

l dra

ined

, sa

ndy

soils

.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y, o

pen

woo

ds

& s

and

barr

ens.

Be

lieve

d to

be

exti

rpat

ed.

Low

gro

win

g up

to 1

2 in

ches

tall.

Sl

ow g

row

ing.

Sal

t tol

eran

t. H

ard

to

esta

blis

h. S

houl

d be

pro

tect

ed fr

om

sun

and

win

d w

hen

cold

and

exc

essi

ve

sum

mer

hea

t.

Aro

nia

arbu

tifo

lia

Red

Cho

kebe

rry

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

amps

, bog

s, &

m

oist

woo

ds.

Spre

ads

by u

nder

grou

nd s

ucke

rs

and

is u

sefu

l for

ban

k st

abili

zati

on

and

colo

niza

tion

. Bri

llian

t Fal

l col

or.

Tole

rate

s dr

y so

il. E

asily

tran

spla

nted

.

Aro

nia

mel

anoc

arpa

Bl

ack

Cho

kebe

rry

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

acid

ic

soil

wit

h a

wid

e so

il m

oist

ure

tole

ranc

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

amps

, bog

s, &

w

et o

r dr

y w

oods

or

barr

ens.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

. Spr

eads

by

unde

rgro

und

suck

erin

g an

d fo

rms

larg

e co

loni

es. S

how

y Fa

ll co

lor.

Easi

ly

tran

spla

nted

.

Aro

nia

prun

ifolia

Pu

rple

Cho

kebe

rry

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

acid

ic

soil.

Wid

e so

il m

oist

ure

tole

ranc

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

ampy

woo

ds,

bogs

, roc

ky le

dges

&

dry

, mou

ntai

ntop

th

icke

ts.

Bacc

hari

s hal

imifo

lia

Sea

Myr

tle

/ G

roun

dsel

tree

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

cool

er,

nort

h fa

cing

sl

opes

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ope

n w

oods

, m

arsh

es, &

road

side

di

tche

s w

here

de-

icin

g sa

lts

are

used

.

Not

ada

pted

to h

eat o

r dr

ough

t. S

hort

liv

ed. S

how

y ba

rk.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Shr

ubs

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Caly

cant

hus fl

orid

us ‘l

aevi

gatu

s’ Ca

rolin

a A

llspi

ce /

Sw

eets

hrub

Dec

iduo

usW

ide

soil

pH

tole

ranc

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

fa

r no

rthe

rn e

dge

of

nati

ve ra

nge.

Spic

y fr

agra

nt fl

ower

s in

eve

ning

. N

eeds

pru

ning

whe

n le

ggy.

Eat

en b

y ra

bbit

s.

Cean

othu

s am

eric

anus

N

ew J

erse

y Te

aD

ecid

uous

L

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

woo

ded

bluff

s,

road

side

ban

ks, &

sh

aly

slop

es.

Ceph

alan

thus

occ

iden

talis

Bu

tton

bush

/ B

utto

nwoo

dD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s ac

idic

, m

oist

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

lo

w, w

et g

roun

d,

swam

ps, b

ogs,

&

lake

edg

es.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

roun

ded

and

spre

adin

g. R

equi

res

peri

odic

re

juve

nati

on p

runi

ng to

mai

ntai

n fo

rm. C

an b

e sh

ort l

ived

.Ch

amae

daph

ne ca

lycu

lata

Le

athe

rlea

fEv

ergr

een

Pref

ers

acid

ic, w

et

soil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sp

hagn

um b

ogs.

Cle

thra

acu

min

ata

Mou

ntai

n Pe

pper

bush

/

Cin

nam

on C

ethr

aD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

rock

y, w

oode

d sl

opes

.

Cle

thra

aln

ifolia

Su

mm

ersw

eet/

Sw

eet

Pepp

erbu

shD

ecid

uous

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

moi

st, o

rgan

ic

soil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

lo

w, w

et w

oods

&

swam

ps.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

and

suc

kers

. Sho

wy

and

frag

rant

whi

te fl

ower

s. S

low

to

esta

blis

h af

ter

plan

ting

. Eas

y to

gro

w

once

est

ablis

hed.

Can

be

affec

ted

by

spid

er m

ites

.

Com

pton

ia p

ereg

rina

Sw

eetf

ern

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dry

, ste

rile

soi

ls

of o

pen

woo

ds a

nd

barr

ens.

Spre

ads

twic

e th

e pl

ant h

eigh

t. D

oes

not c

ompe

te w

ell w

ith

othe

r pl

ants

. Fi

xes

nitr

ogen

. Diffi

cult

to tr

ansp

lant

an

d es

tabl

ish.

Corn

us a

mom

um ‘a

mom

um’

Silk

y D

ogw

ood

/ K

inni

kini

k /

Red

Will

owD

ecid

uous

L

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

moi

st w

oods

, m

eado

ws,

old

fiel

ds,

& s

wam

ps.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

roun

ded

shap

e. F

ast

grow

ing.

Fru

it e

aten

by

bird

s. E

asily

tr

ansp

lant

ed.

Corn

us a

mom

um ‘o

bliq

ua’

Kin

niki

nik

/ R

ed W

illow

Dec

iduo

us

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ver

nal p

onds

, sw

amps

, & m

oist

th

icke

ts.

Corn

us ra

cem

osa

Gra

y or

Sw

amp

Dog

woo

dD

ecid

uous

L

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

ampy

mea

dow

s,

wet

woo

ds, &

th

icke

ts.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

und

ergr

ound

su

cker

ing

form

. Fru

it e

aten

by

bird

s. E

asily

tran

spla

nted

and

ver

y ad

apta

ble.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Shr

ubs

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Corn

us ru

gosa

R

ound

-leav

ed D

ogw

ood

Dec

iduo

usN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

dry,

rock

y w

oods

, &

cliff

s.

Corn

us se

rice

a R

ed T

wig

or

Red

-osi

er

Dog

woo

dD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

amps

, moi

st

field

s, &

thic

kets

.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

roun

ded

form

. R

eddi

sh s

tem

col

or s

how

y in

Fal

l and

w

inte

r. Ea

sily

tran

spla

nted

and

gro

wn.

N

eeds

per

iodi

c pr

unin

g. A

ffec

ted

by

stem

can

kers

, lea

f spo

t, a

nd s

cale

.

Cory

lus a

mer

ican

a A

mer

ican

Filb

ert o

r (A

mer

ican

) Haz

elnu

tD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s w

ell

drai

ned,

loam

y so

il.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ri

ch w

oods

& e

dges

.

Fast

gro

win

g, m

ulti

-ste

mm

ed w

ide

spre

adin

g fo

rm. S

how

y flo

wer

s.

Aff

ecte

d by

blig

ht, l

eaf s

pot,

and

ca

terp

illar

s.

Cory

lus c

ornu

ta

Beak

ed h

azel

nut

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y, ro

cky

woo

ds &

th

icke

ts.

Crat

aegu

s bra

iner

dii

Dec

iduo

usN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

moi

st b

otto

mla

nd.

Crat

aegu

s cal

pode

ndro

n Br

aine

rd’s

Haw

thor

nD

ecid

uous

LN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

woo

ds, t

hick

ets,

&

low

mea

dow

s.

Crat

aegu

s coc

cine

a R

ed-f

ruit

ed H

awth

orn

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

op

en w

oods

, fiel

ds,

road

side

s, &

str

eam

ba

nks.

Crat

aegu

s cru

s-ga

lli

Cock

spur

Haw

thor

nD

ecid

uous

LH

as w

ide

soil

pH

tole

ranc

e. P

refe

rs

wel

l dra

ined

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

w

oods

, mea

dow

s,

road

side

s, &

th

icke

ts.

Slow

gro

win

g m

ediu

m h

eigh

t. Th

orny

st

ems.

Aff

ecte

d by

fire

blig

ht, a

phid

s,

scal

es, a

nd p

owde

ry m

ildew

.

Crat

aegu

s flab

ella

ta

Haw

thor

nD

ecid

uous

L

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ope

n w

oods

, fe

ncer

ows,

ab

ando

ned

field

s, &

ro

adsi

des.

Crat

aegu

s int

rica

ta

Haw

thor

nD

ecid

uous

LN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

woo

ds, p

astu

res,

th

icke

ts, &

bar

rens

.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Shr

ubs

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Crat

aegu

s pru

inos

a Fr

oste

d H

awth

orn

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ope

n w

oods

&

thic

kets

.

Crat

aegu

s rot

undi

folia

H

awth

orn

Dec

iduo

usN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

rock

y pa

stur

es, o

pen

woo

ds, &

road

side

s.

Crat

aegu

s uni

flora

O

ne-f

ruit

ed H

awth

orn

Dec

iduo

usN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

open

woo

ds &

dry

sl

opes

.D

ierv

illa

loni

cera

H

oney

suck

le B

ush

/ Bu

sh

Hon

eysu

ckle

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y w

oods

, & ro

cky

slop

es.

Dir

ca p

alus

tris

Le

athe

rwoo

dD

ecid

uous

L

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ric

h, d

ecid

uous

w

oods

, roc

ky b

anks

, &

thic

kets

.

Slow

gro

win

g, m

ulti

-ste

mm

ed d

ense

fo

rm. S

tem

s ar

omat

ic w

hen

crus

hed.

Epig

aea

repe

ns

Trai

ling

arbu

tus

/ M

ayflo

wer

Ever

gree

nL

Pref

ers

acid

ic

soil

wit

h a

wid

e so

il m

oist

ure

tole

ranc

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y to

moi

st a

cidi

c w

oods

& e

dges

.

Euon

ymus

am

eric

anus

A

mer

ican

Euo

nym

ous

/ H

eart

s-a-

burs

ting

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

moi

st w

oods

, sw

amps

, floo

dpla

ins,

&

wet

thic

kets

.

Euon

ymus

atr

opur

pure

us

Burn

ing

Bush

/ W

ahoo

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

alka

line

soil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

w

oode

d lim

esto

ne

slop

es, r

ocky

bl

uffs,

& fl

oodp

lain

th

icke

ts.

Euon

ymus

obo

vatu

s R

unni

ng S

traw

berr

y Bu

shD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

wet

dec

iduo

us

woo

ds &

woo

ded

hills

ides

.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Shr

ubs

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Gau

lther

ia h

ispi

dula

Cr

eepi

ng S

now

berr

y /

Mox

ie

plum

Ever

gree

nPr

efer

s ac

idic

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sm

all k

noll

& tr

ee

stum

ps in

Nor

ther

n PA

bog

s an

d sw

amps

.

Gau

lther

ia p

rocu

mbe

ns

Teab

erry

/ W

inte

rgre

enEv

ergr

een

L

Pref

ers

acid

ic

soil

wit

h a

wid

e so

il m

oist

ure

tole

ranc

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y to

moi

st a

cidi

c w

oods

.

Low

gro

win

g up

to 6

inch

es h

igh.

Cr

ushe

d le

aves

sm

ell m

inty

. Har

d to

est

ablis

h un

der

good

gro

win

g co

ndit

ions

.

Gay

luss

acia

bac

cata

Bl

ack

Huc

kleb

erry

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

acid

ic

soil

wit

h a

wid

e so

il m

oist

ure

tole

ranc

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y to

moi

st a

cidi

c w

oods

and

bog

s.

Gay

luss

acia

bra

chyc

era

Box

Huc

kleb

erry

Ever

gree

nN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

dry,

woo

ded

slop

es.

Gay

luss

acia

dum

osa

Dw

arf H

uckl

eber

ryD

ecid

uous

LN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

moi

st, a

cidi

c w

oods

an

d sw

amps

.

Gay

luss

acia

fron

dosa

D

angl

eber

ryD

ecid

uous

LN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

moi

st, a

cidi

c w

oods

, sw

amps

, & b

ogs.

Hyd

rang

ea a

rbor

esce

ns

Wild

or

Smoo

th H

ydra

ngea

/

Seve

n Ba

rkD

ecid

uous

LH

as w

ide

soil

pH

tole

ranc

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ri

ch w

oods

, slo

pes,

&

str

eam

ban

ks.

Form

ed b

y nu

mer

ous

suck

ers.

G

ener

ally

wid

er th

an ta

ll. S

how

y flo

wer

s. E

asily

tran

spla

nted

. Ada

ptab

le

to m

ost c

ondi

tion

s.

Hyp

eric

um d

ensi

floru

m

Bush

y St

. Joh

n’s

Wor

tD

ecid

uous

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ro

cky

rive

r ba

nks,

sw

ampy

mea

dow

s, &

Sp

hagn

um b

ogs.

Hyp

eric

um h

yper

icoi

des

St. A

ndre

w’s

Cros

sD

ecid

uous

L

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ope

n w

oods

, ba

nks,

thic

kets

, &

Serp

enti

ne b

arre

ns

in d

ry s

andy

soi

l.

Hyp

eric

um p

rolifi

cum

Sh

rubb

y St

. Joh

nsw

ort

Dec

iduo

usL

Has

wid

e so

il pH

to

lera

nce.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

lo

w fi

elds

, sw

amps

, &

thic

kets

.Sl

ow g

row

ing.

Sho

wy

yello

w fl

ower

s.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Shr

ubs

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Ilex

bead

lei

Mou

ntai

n H

olly

Dec

iduo

usN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

woo

ded

slop

es.

Tole

rant

of s

alt.

Ilex

glab

ra

Inkb

erry

Ever

gree

nPr

efer

s ac

idic

, m

oist

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

m

oist

, san

dy, c

oast

al

plai

n so

il.

Form

s su

cker

ing

colo

nies

. Mal

e an

d fe

mal

e pl

ants

nee

ded

for

frui

t.

Into

lera

nt o

f har

sh w

inte

r ex

posu

re.

Ilex

laev

igat

a Sm

ooth

Win

terb

erry

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

w

oode

d sw

amps

, w

et th

icke

ts, &

sh

ores

.

Tole

rant

of s

alt.

Ilex

mon

tana

M

ount

ain

Hol

lyD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ro

cky,

aci

dic

woo

ds,

& s

lope

s.To

lera

nt o

f sal

t.

Ilex

vert

icill

ata

Win

terb

erry

/ B

lack

Ald

erD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s ac

idic

, m

oist

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

amps

, bog

s,

moi

st w

oods

, & w

et

shor

es.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

larg

e ro

unde

d fo

rm.

Mal

e an

d fe

mal

e pl

ants

nee

ded

for

frui

t. E

asily

tran

spla

nted

. Tol

eran

t of

poor

ly d

rain

ed s

oil a

nd s

alt.

Itea

vir

gini

ca

Vir

gini

a Sw

eets

pire

Dec

iduo

us

/ Se

mie

ver-

gree

n

Has

wid

e so

il pH

to

lera

nce.

Pre

fers

m

oist

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ri

ver

bank

. Bel

ieve

d to

be

exti

nct l

ocal

ly.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

, suc

keri

ng, c

olon

izin

g pl

ant.

Sho

wy

flow

er a

nd fa

ll co

lor.

Flow

ers

slig

htly

frag

rant

. Ste

ms

can

be

purp

le/r

ed w

hen

expo

sed

to th

e su

n.

Juni

peru

s com

mun

is

Com

mon

Jun

iper

Ever

gree

nL

Wid

e so

il pH

to

lera

nce.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y sl

opes

, pas

ture

s.

Slow

gro

win

g fo

rm. E

asily

tr

ansp

lant

ed. G

row

s on

poo

r si

tes.

W

ind

tole

rant

. Sus

cept

ible

to ju

nipe

r bl

ight

.

Kal

mia

ang

usti

folia

Sh

eep

Laur

el /

Lam

bkill

Ever

gree

nL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

m

oist

, aci

dic

woo

ds

& b

ogs.

Smal

l for

m w

ider

than

tall.

Slo

w

grow

th ra

te. F

olia

ge p

oiso

nous

. In

tole

rant

of w

indy

sit

es.

Kal

mia

lati

folia

M

ount

ain

Laur

elEv

ergr

een

L

Wid

e so

il m

oist

ure

tole

ranc

e. P

refe

rs

part

ial s

hade

.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

aci

dic

woo

ds &

sl

opes

.

Stat

e sh

rub

of P

A. S

how

y flo

wer

s.

Into

lera

nt o

f win

dy s

ites

.

Kal

mia

pol

ifolia

Bo

g La

urel

Ever

gree

nPr

efer

s ac

idic

, wet

so

il.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

flo

atin

g sp

hagn

um

bog

mat

s.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Shr

ubs

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Leuc

otho

e ra

cem

osa

Fett

erbu

sh /

Sw

amp

Dog

hobb

leD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s ac

idic

, m

oist

, coo

l soi

l.N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

acid

ic w

oods

.

Colo

nize

s by

suc

kers

. Can

reju

vena

te

old

plan

ts b

y pr

unin

g to

gro

und

in

the

spri

ng. P

rote

ct fr

om w

inte

r w

ind.

To

lera

tes

wet

sit

es. A

ffec

ted

by le

af

spot

in a

reas

wit

h lit

tle

air

circ

ulat

ion.

Ledu

m g

roen

land

icum

La

brad

or T

eaEv

ergr

een

Pref

ers

acid

ic, w

et

soil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

bo

gs &

sw

amps

.

Lind

era

benz

oin

Spic

ebus

hD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s sh

ade,

w

ell d

rain

ed,

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

m

oist

, ric

h w

oods

.

Slow

gro

wth

rate

. Sho

wy

Fall

colo

r. So

mew

hat s

how

y ye

llow

flow

ers.

Bar

k ar

omat

ic w

hen

brok

en.

Loni

cera

cana

dens

is

Fly

Hon

eysu

ckle

Dec

iduo

usG

row

s be

st in

sh

ade.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

co

ol w

oods

, rav

ines

, &

rock

y sl

opes

.

Loni

cera

dio

ica

‘dio

cia’

M

ount

ain

Hon

eysu

ckle

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

m

oist

cliff

s, ro

cky

woo

ded

bank

s, &

th

icke

ts.

Loni

cera

dio

ica

‘gla

uces

cens

’ M

ount

ain

Hon

eysu

ckle

Dec

iduo

usPr

efer

s ac

idic

, m

oist

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

w

oods

, bog

s, m

ossy

cl

iffs,

& w

oode

d va

lleys

.Lo

nice

ra d

ioca

‘ori

enta

lis’

Wild

Hon

eysu

ckle

Dec

iduo

usN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

clay

ey, r

ocky

ban

ks.

Loni

cera

hir

suta

H

airy

Hon

eysu

ckle

Dec

iduo

us

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

moi

st w

oods

, sw

amps

, & ro

cky

thic

kets

.Lo

nice

ra o

blon

gifo

lia

Swam

p Fl

y H

oney

suck

leD

ecid

uous

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

bo

gs &

sw

amps

.Lo

nice

ra v

illos

a W

ater

berr

y /

Mou

ntai

n Fl

y H

oney

suck

leD

ecid

uous

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

bo

gs, s

wam

ps, &

wet

th

icke

ts.

Lyon

ia li

gust

rina

M

aleb

erry

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

moi

st w

oods

&

swam

ps.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Shr

ubs

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Lyon

ia m

aria

na

Stag

ger

bush

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dry

slo

pes

&

barr

ens.

Men

zies

ia p

ilosa

M

inni

e bu

shD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

moi

st w

oods

, ro

cky

low

er s

lope

s &

st

ream

ban

ks.

Myr

ica

gale

Sw

eet g

ale

Dec

iduo

usPr

efer

s ac

idic

, wet

so

il.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

bog

s &

sha

llow

w

ater

of l

ake,

pon

ds,

& s

trea

m e

dges

.

Myr

ica

pens

ylva

nica

Ba

yber

ry o

r N

orth

ern

Bayb

erry

Dec

iduo

us

/ Se

mie

ver-

gree

nL

Has

a w

ide

soil

moi

stur

e to

lera

nce.

Pre

fers

ac

idic

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ol

d fie

lds

or o

pen

woo

ds in

dry

to

moi

st s

teri

le s

andy

so

ils.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

, suc

keri

ng, c

olon

izin

g pl

ant.

Mal

e an

d fe

mal

e pl

ants

nee

ded

for

frui

ting

. Aro

mat

ic fo

liage

and

st

ems.

Tol

eran

t of s

alt s

pray

and

in

fert

ile s

oils

.

Myr

ica

hete

roph

ylla

Ev

ergr

een

Bayb

erry

Ever

gree

n

Pref

ers

shad

e an

d ha

s a

wid

e so

il m

oist

ure

tole

ranc

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y to

moi

st w

oods

or

thic

kets

. Bel

ieve

d to

be

loca

lly e

xtin

ct.

Nem

opan

thus

muc

rona

tus

Mou

ntai

n H

olly

Dec

iduo

usPr

efer

s ac

idic

, m

oist

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

amps

, bog

s, m

oist

w

oods

, & ro

cky

slop

es.

Paxi

stim

a ca

nbyi

Ca

nby’

s M

ount

ain

Love

r /

Cliff

gr

een

Ever

gree

nPr

efer

s al

kalin

e,

orga

nic

soil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ca

lcar

eous

cliff

s &

sl

opes

.Lo

w, s

prea

ding

slo

w g

row

ing

form

.

Phor

aden

dron

leuc

arpu

m

Chr

istm

as M

istl

etoe

Ever

gree

nL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

woo

ds. P

aras

itic

on

the

bran

ches

of

Blac

k-gu

m a

nd o

ther

de

cidu

ous

tree

s.

Phys

ocar

pus o

pulif

oliu

s N

ineb

ark

/ Ea

ster

n N

ineb

ark

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

moi

st c

liffs,

w

et w

oods

, san

dy

or ro

cky

bank

s &

sh

ores

.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

, exc

essi

ve p

eelin

g ba

rk. E

asy

to tr

ansp

lant

and

gro

w.

Ada

ptab

le to

man

y co

ndit

ions

.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Shr

ubs

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Pote

ntill

a fr

utic

osa

Shru

bby

Cin

quef

oil

Dec

iduo

usPr

efer

s al

kalin

e,

wet

soi

l. N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

calc

areo

us s

wam

ps.

Slow

gro

win

g, u

ntid

y, ro

unde

d fo

rm.

Easi

ly tr

ansp

lant

ed a

nd g

row

n. G

row

s w

ell i

n ex

trem

ely

cold

tem

pera

ture

s w

itho

ut w

arm

nig

ht te

mpe

ratu

res.

Prun

us p

umila

‘dep

ress

a’

Pros

trat

e Sa

nd C

herr

yD

ecid

uous

L

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

allu

vial

isla

nds

& s

andy

or

grav

elly

sh

ores

.

Prun

us p

umila

‘pum

ila’

Sand

Che

rry

Dec

iduo

us N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in d

unes

& s

andy

w

oods

.

Prun

us p

umila

‘sus

queh

anae

’ A

ppal

achi

an S

and

Che

rry

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dry

, exp

osed

ro

ck o

utcr

ops,

&

mou

ntai

n to

ps.

Prun

us m

arit

ima

Beac

h Pl

umD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y ro

adsi

de b

anks

, &

hed

gero

ws.

Fast

gro

win

g. S

ucke

rs. S

how

y Fa

ll co

lor.

Easi

ly tr

ansp

lant

ed S

alt t

oler

ant.

Sh

ort l

ived

. Aff

ecte

d by

man

y di

seas

e an

d pe

sts.

Pyru

lari

a pu

bera

Bu

ffal

o or

Oil

Nut

Dec

iduo

us

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

w

oods

& th

icke

ts.

Para

siti

c on

the

root

s of

dec

iduo

us

tree

s an

d sh

rubs

.

Que

rcus

ilic

ifolia

Be

ar o

r Sc

rub

Oak

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y ri

dge

tops

and

ba

rren

s in

ste

rile

, sa

ndy

soil.

Que

rcus

pri

noid

es

Chi

nqua

pin

/ D

war

f Che

stnu

t O

akD

ecid

uous

L

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dry

, roc

ky r

idge

to

ps, s

lope

s, &

se

rpen

tine

bar

rens

.

Rha

mnu

s aln

ifolia

A

lder

Lea

ved

Buck

thor

nD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s ne

utra

l to

alka

line

soil

pH.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

fens

, cal

care

ous

mar

shes

& w

et

thic

kets

.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Shr

ubs

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Rha

mnu

s lan

ceol

ata

Lanc

eola

te B

uckt

horn

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

neut

ral t

o al

kalin

e so

il pH

.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

bo

ggy

field

s, s

trea

m

bank

s, &

cal

care

ous

woo

ds.

Rho

dode

ndro

n ar

bore

scen

s Sm

ooth

or

Swee

t Aza

lea

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

m

oist

, roc

ky w

oods

&

sw

amps

.Se

nsit

ive

to s

alt.

Rho

dode

ndro

n at

lant

icum

D

war

f Aza

lea

Dec

iduo

us N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

sand

y, o

pen

woo

ds.

Sens

itiv

e to

sal

t.

Rho

dode

ndro

n ca

nade

nse

Rho

dora

Dec

iduo

us N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in a

cidi

c bo

gs &

ba

rren

s.

Rho

dode

ndro

n ca

nesc

ens

Hoa

ry o

r M

ount

ain

Aza

lea

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ri

ch, d

ry w

oods

&

ravi

nes.

Sens

itiv

e to

sal

t.

Rho

dode

ndro

n m

axim

um

Ros

ebay

Rho

dode

ndro

nEv

ergr

een

LPr

efer

s co

ol,

acid

ic, o

rgan

ic

soil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

moi

st w

oods

, sw

amps

, & ra

vine

s.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

larg

e fo

rm. O

ften

tr

ucks

are

con

tort

ed a

nd tw

iste

d.

Into

lera

nt o

f win

d or

hot

sit

es.

Rho

dode

ndro

n pe

ricl

ymen

oide

s Pi

nxte

rflow

er/E

lect

ion

Pink

/Pi

nxte

rblo

om A

zale

aD

ecid

uous

L

Pref

ers

acid

ic

soil

wit

h a

wid

e so

il m

oist

ure

tole

ranc

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y to

moi

st, a

cidi

c w

oods

.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

form

. Tol

eran

t of d

ry,

thin

rock

y so

il. In

tole

rant

of h

arsh

, di

fficu

lt s

ites

and

sal

t spr

ay.

Rho

dode

ndro

n pr

inop

hyllu

m

Mou

ntai

n or

Ros

eshe

ll A

zale

aD

ecid

uous

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

op

en w

oods

, bog

s, &

sw

amps

.Se

nsit

ive

to s

alt.

Rho

dode

ndro

n vi

scos

um

Swam

p (h

oney

suck

le) A

zale

aD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s ac

idic

, m

oist

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

amps

, bog

s, &

wet

w

oods

.Se

nsit

ive

to s

alt.

Rhu

s aro

mat

ica

‘aro

mat

ica’

Fr

agra

nt S

umac

Dec

iduo

usPr

efer

s ac

idic

, w

ell-d

rain

ed s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y, o

pen

woo

ds &

sh

ale

barr

ens.

Slow

gro

win

g an

d su

cker

s. S

how

y Fa

ll co

lor.

Nee

d m

ale

and

fem

ale

plan

ts to

pr

ovid

e fr

uit.

Aff

ecte

d by

man

y pe

sts

and

dise

ases

.

Rhu

s cop

allin

a ‘co

palli

na’

Shin

ing

or D

war

f Sum

acD

ecid

uous

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

wel

l-dra

ined

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y, o

pen

woo

ds,

thic

kets

, & o

ld

field

s.

Show

y re

d Fa

ll co

lor.

Show

y re

d fr

uit.

To

lera

nt o

f dry

, roc

ky a

reas

. Aff

ecte

d by

man

y pe

sts

and

dise

ases

.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Shr

ubs

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Rha

mnu

s lan

ceol

ata

Lanc

eola

te B

uckt

horn

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

neut

ral t

o al

kalin

e so

il pH

.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

bo

ggy

field

s, s

trea

m

bank

s, &

cal

care

ous

woo

ds.

Rho

dode

ndro

n ar

bore

scen

s Sm

ooth

or

Swee

t Aza

lea

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

m

oist

, roc

ky w

oods

&

sw

amps

.Se

nsit

ive

to s

alt.

Rho

dode

ndro

n at

lant

icum

D

war

f Aza

lea

Dec

iduo

us N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

sand

y, o

pen

woo

ds.

Sens

itiv

e to

sal

t.

Rho

dode

ndro

n ca

nade

nse

Rho

dora

Dec

iduo

us N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in a

cidi

c bo

gs &

ba

rren

s.

Rho

dode

ndro

n ca

nesc

ens

Hoa

ry o

r M

ount

ain

Aza

lea

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ri

ch, d

ry w

oods

&

ravi

nes.

Sens

itiv

e to

sal

t.

Rho

dode

ndro

n m

axim

um

Ros

ebay

Rho

dode

ndro

nEv

ergr

een

LPr

efer

s co

ol,

acid

ic, o

rgan

ic

soil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

moi

st w

oods

, sw

amps

, & ra

vine

s.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

larg

e fo

rm. O

ften

tr

ucks

are

con

tort

ed a

nd tw

iste

d.

Into

lera

nt o

f win

d or

hot

sit

es.

Rho

dode

ndro

n pe

ricl

ymen

oide

s Pi

nxte

rflow

er/E

lect

ion

Pink

/Pi

nxte

rblo

om A

zale

aD

ecid

uous

L

Pref

ers

acid

ic

soil

wit

h a

wid

e so

il m

oist

ure

tole

ranc

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y to

moi

st, a

cidi

c w

oods

.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

form

. Tol

eran

t of d

ry,

thin

rock

y so

il. In

tole

rant

of h

arsh

, di

fficu

lt s

ites

and

sal

t spr

ay.

Rho

dode

ndro

n pr

inop

hyllu

m

Mou

ntai

n or

Ros

eshe

ll A

zale

aD

ecid

uous

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

op

en w

oods

, bog

s, &

sw

amps

.Se

nsit

ive

to s

alt.

Rho

dode

ndro

n vi

scos

um

Swam

p (h

oney

suck

le) A

zale

aD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s ac

idic

, m

oist

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

amps

, bog

s, &

wet

w

oods

.Se

nsit

ive

to s

alt.

Rhu

s aro

mat

ica

‘aro

mat

ica’

Fr

agra

nt S

umac

Dec

iduo

usPr

efer

s ac

idic

, w

ell-d

rain

ed s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y, o

pen

woo

ds &

sh

ale

barr

ens.

Slow

gro

win

g an

d su

cker

s. S

how

y Fa

ll co

lor.

Nee

d m

ale

and

fem

ale

plan

ts to

pr

ovid

e fr

uit.

Aff

ecte

d by

man

y pe

sts

and

dise

ases

.

Rhu

s cop

allin

a ‘co

palli

na’

Shin

ing

or D

war

f Sum

acD

ecid

uous

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

wel

l-dra

ined

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y, o

pen

woo

ds,

thic

kets

, & o

ld

field

s.

Show

y re

d Fa

ll co

lor.

Show

y re

d fr

uit.

To

lera

nt o

f dry

, roc

ky a

reas

. Aff

ecte

d by

man

y pe

sts

and

dise

ases

.

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Rhu

s cop

allin

a’la

tifo

lia’

Dw

arf-

Win

ged/

Win

ged/

Sh

inin

g Su

mac

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

se

rpen

tine

bar

rens

, sh

ale

barr

ens,

old

fie

lds,

& ro

cky

slop

es.

Rib

es a

mer

ican

um

Wild

Bla

ck C

urra

ntD

ecid

uous

L N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in m

oist

, woo

ds,

swam

ps, &

thic

kets

.

Rib

es cy

nosb

ati

Pric

kly

Goo

sebe

rry

/ D

ogbe

rry

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

th

in, m

oist

, oft

en

rock

y w

oods

.

Rib

es g

land

ulos

um

Skun

k Cu

rran

tD

ecid

uous

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

amps

, bog

s,

wet

woo

ds &

moi

st,

rock

y sl

opes

.

Rib

es h

irte

llum

N

orth

ern

Wild

Goo

sebe

rry

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

alka

line,

m

oist

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ca

lcar

eous

mar

shes

, sw

amps

, roc

ky

woo

ds &

cliff

s.R

ibes

lacu

stre

Br

istl

y Bl

ack

or S

wam

p Cu

rran

tD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

amps

& c

old,

wet

w

oods

.R

ibes

mis

sour

iens

e M

isso

uri g

oose

berr

yD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ri

ch w

oods

.

Rib

es ro

tund

ifoliu

m

Wild

Goo

sebe

rry

Dec

iduo

us N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

rock

y, u

plan

d w

oods

&

slo

pes.

Rib

es tr

iste

W

ild R

ed C

urra

ntD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

w

et, r

ocky

woo

ds,

swam

ps, &

cliff

s.

Ros

a ca

rolin

a ‘ca

rolin

a’

Past

ure

Ros

eD

ecid

uous

L

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

fie

lds,

rock

y ba

nks,

sh

ale

barr

ens,

&

othe

r dr

y, o

pen

grou

nd.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Shr

ubs

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Ros

a ca

rolin

a ‘g

rand

iflor

a’

Ros

eD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

str

eam

ban

ks &

ro

cky

slop

es.

Ros

a pa

lust

ris

Swam

p R

ose

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

amps

, & m

arsh

es.

Ros

a vi

rgin

iana

Pa

stur

e or

Wild

or

Vir

gini

a R

ose

Dec

iduo

usL

has

wid

e pH

soi

l to

lera

nce.

Pre

fers

w

ell-d

rain

ed

acid

ic s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

pas

ture

s, fi

elds

, op

en w

oods

, th

icke

ts, &

ro

adsi

des.

Fast

gro

win

g. F

ragr

ant p

ink

flow

ers.

Sh

owy

red

frui

t. S

alt a

nd p

runi

ng

tole

rant

. Eas

y to

tran

spla

nt a

nd g

row

. A

ffec

ted

by v

ario

us p

ests

and

dis

ease

s.

Rub

us a

llegh

enie

nsis

Co

mm

on o

r Sh

ow T

eat

Blac

kber

ryD

ecid

uous

L N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in o

ld fi

elds

, ope

n w

oods

, & c

lear

ings

.

Rub

us ca

nade

nsis

Sm

ooth

Bla

ckbe

rry

Dec

iduo

us

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

co

ol, m

oist

woo

ds,

rock

y sl

opes

, &

thic

kets

.

Rub

us cu

neifo

lius

Sand

Bla

ckbe

rry

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y, o

pen

thic

kets

, &

road

side

s in

san

dy

soil.

Rub

us id

aeus

R

ed R

aspb

erry

Dec

iduo

us N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in ro

cky

woo

ds,

clea

ring

s, &

thic

kets

.

Rub

us o

ccid

enta

lis

Blac

k Ca

p /

Blac

k R

aspb

erry

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

san

dy o

r ro

cky

woo

ds, w

oode

d sl

opes

& th

icke

ts.

Rub

us o

dora

tus

Purp

le F

low

erin

g R

aspb

erry

/

Thim

bleb

erry

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

cliff

s, le

dges

, &

rock

y, w

oode

d sl

opes

.

Rub

us p

ensi

lvan

icus

Bl

ackb

erry

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

thic

kets

, roc

ky

bank

s, w

oods

, fiel

ds,

& w

aste

gro

unds

.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Shr

ubs

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Rub

us p

ubes

cens

D

war

f Bla

ckbe

rry

Dec

iduo

usPr

efer

s ac

idic

, m

oist

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

bo

ggy

or s

wam

py

woo

ds &

moi

st

slop

es.

Rub

us se

tosu

s Bl

ackb

erry

Dec

iduo

us N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in d

amp

thic

kets

&

swam

ps.

Salix

beb

bian

a Lo

ng-b

eake

d or

Gra

y W

illow

Dec

iduo

usW

ide

soil

moi

stur

e to

lera

nce.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

m

oist

or

dry

thic

kets

&

edg

es.

Salix

cand

ida

Hoa

ry o

r Sh

age

leav

ed W

illow

Dec

iduo

usPr

efer

s ne

utra

l to

alka

line

soil

pH.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

fe

ns &

wet

mea

dow

s on

cal

care

ous

soils

.

Salix

dis

colo

r Pu

ssy

Will

owD

ecid

uous

L N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

swam

ps &

moi

st o

r w

et w

oods

.

Salix

eri

ocep

hala

H

eart

-leav

ed W

illow

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s al

ong

shor

es &

bo

ttom

land

s.

Salix

exi

gua

Sand

bar

Will

owD

ecid

uous

L

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

san

dy o

r gr

avel

ly

allu

vial

bar

s &

sh

ores

.

Salix

hum

ilus ‘

hum

ilis’

Upl

and

Will

owD

ecid

uous

L

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dry

thic

kets

&

barr

ens

on s

andy

so

ils.

Salix

hum

ilus ‘

mic

roph

ylla

’ D

war

f Upl

and

or S

age

Will

owD

ecid

uous

L N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in m

oist

bar

rens

&

thic

kets

.

Salix

luci

da

Shin

ing

Will

owD

ecid

uous

L N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

swam

ps, l

ow g

roun

d,

& w

et s

hore

s.

Salix

myr

icoi

des ‘

myr

icoi

des’

Broa

d Le

aved

Will

owD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

str

eam

ban

ks &

sw

amps

.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Shr

ubs

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Salix

myr

icoi

des ‘

albo

vest

ita’

Sh

orel

ine

Will

owD

ecid

uous

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sa

ndy

shor

es.

Salix

pet

iola

ris

Slen

der

Will

owD

ecid

uous

L N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

mea

dow

s &

sw

ales

.

Salix

seri

cea

Silk

y W

illow

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

amps

, bog

s,

stre

am b

anks

, & lo

w

woo

ds.

Salix

seri

ssim

a A

utum

n W

illow

Dec

iduo

usPr

efer

s ne

utra

l to

alka

line

soil

pH.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

fe

ns &

wet

mea

dow

s on

cal

care

ous

soils

.

Sam

bucu

s can

aden

sis

Am

eric

an E

lder

/ E

lder

berr

yD

ecid

uous

LH

as w

ide

pH s

oil

tole

ranc

e. P

refe

rs

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

w

oods

, fiel

ds, s

trea

m

bank

s, &

moi

st

road

side

s.

Fast

gro

win

g m

ulti

-ste

mm

ed fo

rm.

Show

y w

hite

flow

ers.

Tra

nspl

ants

ea

sily

. Aff

ecte

d by

pow

dery

mild

ew

and

leaf

spo

t.

Sam

bucu

s rac

emos

a ‘p

uben

s’ R

ed B

erri

ed E

lder

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ra

vine

s, m

oist

cliff

s,

& ro

cky

woo

ds.

Fast

gro

win

g m

ulti

-ste

mm

ed fo

rm.

Show

y w

hite

flow

ers.

Aff

ecte

d by

po

wde

ry m

ildew

and

leaf

spo

t.

Spir

aea

alba

M

eado

wsw

eet

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

bo

gs, &

moi

st, p

eaty

m

eado

ws.

Spir

aea

alba

‘lat

ifolia

’ M

eado

wsw

eet

Dec

iduo

usPr

efer

s ac

idic

, m

oist

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

amps

, mar

shes

, &

rock

y or

bog

gy

shor

es.

Spir

aea

betu

lifol

ia ‘c

orym

bosa

’ D

war

f Spi

raea

Dec

iduo

us N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in ro

cky,

woo

ded

slop

es.

Spir

aea

lati

folia

M

eado

wsw

eet

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

bo

gs, m

oist

woo

ds,

peat

y ba

rren

s &

sw

amps

.

Spir

aea

tom

ento

sa

Har

dhac

k /

Stee

pleb

ush

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

w

et m

eado

ws,

moi

st

old

field

s, b

ogs,

&

swam

ps.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Shr

ubs

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Stap

hyle

a tr

ifolia

Bl

adde

rnut

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

moi

st,

wel

l-dra

ined

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

m

oist

, roc

ky w

oods

, &

str

eam

ban

ks.

Fast

gro

win

g.

Sym

phor

icar

pos a

lbus

Sn

owbe

rry

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

alka

line

soil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

rock

y w

oode

d lim

esto

ne s

lope

s &

ba

rren

s.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

roun

ded

form

. Su

cker

s. S

how

y w

hite

frui

t. E

asy

to

tran

spla

nt.

Sym

phor

icar

pos o

rbic

ulat

us

Cora

lber

ry /

Indi

an C

urra

ntD

ecid

uous

L

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ope

n w

oods

, th

icke

ts, o

ld fi

elds

, &

dry

ban

ks.

Taxu

s can

aden

sis

Am

eric

an o

r Ca

nadi

an Y

ewEv

ergr

een

L

Pref

ers

moi

st,

wel

l-dra

ined

, sa

ndy,

mild

ly

acid

ic s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

co

ol, m

oist

rock

y sl

opes

and

ravi

nes.

Slow

gro

win

g. E

asy

to tr

ansp

lant

. To

lera

nt o

f pru

ning

. Int

oler

ant o

f hea

t.

Eate

n by

dee

r.

Vacc

inum

ang

usti

foliu

m

Low

bush

/ L

ow S

wee

t Bl

uebe

rry

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

very

ac

idic

, moi

st,

wel

l-dra

ined

, hi

ghly

org

anic

so

il.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y, o

pen

woo

ds &

ba

rren

s.

Show

y Fa

ll co

lor

and

show

y w

hite

flo

wer

s. F

ruit

att

ract

ive

to w

ildlif

e.

Vacc

iniu

m co

rym

bosu

m

Hig

hbus

h Bl

uebe

rry

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

very

ac

idic

, moi

st,

wel

l-dra

ined

, hi

ghly

org

anic

so

il.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

m

oist

woo

ds, b

ogs,

&

sw

amps

.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

gro

wth

. Sho

wy

Fall

colo

r. Fr

uit a

ttra

ctiv

e to

wild

life.

Se

nsit

ive

to s

alt.

Vacc

iniu

m m

acro

carp

on

Cran

berr

y /

Am

eric

an

Cran

berr

yEv

ergr

een

LPr

efer

s ac

idic

, wet

so

il.N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

spha

gnum

bog

s.

Vacc

iniu

m m

yrti

lloid

es

Sour

Top

or

Velv

et L

eaf

Blue

berr

yD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s ac

idic

, wet

so

il.N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

bogs

& s

wam

ps.

Vacc

iniu

m o

xyco

ccos

Sm

all C

ranb

erry

Ever

gree

nPr

efer

s ac

idic

, wet

so

il.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

flo

atin

g sp

hagn

um

bog

mat

s.Va

ccin

ium

pal

lidum

Lo

wbu

sh B

lueb

erry

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

acid

ic, d

ry

soil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dr

y, a

cidi

c w

oods

.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Shr

ubs

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Vacc

iniu

m st

amin

eum

D

eerb

erry

/ S

quaw

H

uckl

eber

ryD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s ac

idic

, dry

so

il.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dry

, ope

n, a

cidi

c w

oods

& s

lope

s.V

ibur

num

ace

rifo

lium

M

aple

leav

ed V

ibur

num

/

Doc

kmac

kie

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

wel

l-dr

aine

d, m

ildly

ac

idic

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

w

oods

& th

icke

ts.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

gro

wth

by

suck

ers.

Fl

ower

s on

new

gro

wth

.

Vib

urnu

m ca

ssin

oide

s W

ithe

rod

Vib

urnu

mD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s ac

idic

, m

oist

soi

l.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

amps

, bog

s, &

wet

w

oods

.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

gro

wth

. Sho

wy

Fall

colo

r. Sh

owy

whi

te fl

ower

s. E

asy

to

tran

spla

nt a

nd g

row

. Att

ract

ive

to

bird

s.V

ibur

num

den

tatu

m

Sout

hern

Arr

oww

ood

/ A

rrow

woo

d V

ibur

num

Dec

iduo

usL

Wid

e so

il m

oist

ure

tole

ranc

e.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

amps

& w

et

woo

ds.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

gro

wth

by

suck

ers.

Bi

rds

attr

acte

d to

frui

t. E

asy

to

tran

spla

nt a

nd g

row

.

Vib

urnu

m la

ntan

oide

s W

itch

hobb

le /

Hob

bleb

ush

Dec

iduo

usN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

cool

, moi

st w

oods

&

ravi

nes.

Vib

urnu

m le

ntag

o N

anny

berr

y V

ibur

num

/

Shee

pber

ryD

ecid

uous

LW

ide

soil

moi

stur

e to

lera

nce.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

w

oods

, sw

amps

, &

road

side

s.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

gro

wth

by

suck

ers.

A

rom

atic

rip

e fr

uit.

Att

ract

ive

to b

irds

an

d w

ildlif

e. E

asily

tran

spla

nted

and

es

tabl

ishe

d. A

ffec

ted

by m

ealy

bug

and

pow

dery

mild

ew.

Vib

urnu

m n

udum

Po

ssum

haw

/ S

wam

phaw

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

wet

woo

ds &

sw

amps

.

Vib

urnu

m p

runi

foliu

m

Blac

khaw

Vib

urnu

mD

ecid

uous

L

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

woo

ds, o

ld

field

s, th

icke

ts, &

ro

adsi

des.

Slow

gro

win

g. S

how

y w

hite

flow

ers

and

frui

t. A

ttra

ctiv

e to

bir

ds. E

asily

tr

ansp

lant

ed a

nd g

row

n. S

ensi

tive

to

salt

and

sal

t spr

ay.

Vib

urnu

m ra

fines

quia

num

D

owny

Arr

oww

ood

Dec

iduo

usN

atur

ally

occ

urs

in d

ry s

lope

s, o

pen

woo

ds o

r ba

rren

s.

Vib

urnu

m re

cogn

itum

(N

orth

ern)

Arr

oww

ood

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

acid

ic,

moi

st s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

amps

, bog

gy

woo

ds, s

wam

py

past

ures

, & s

trea

m

bank

s.


nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Shr

ubs

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Vib

urnu

m tr

ilobu

m

Hig

hbus

h Cr

anbe

rry

/ A

mer

ican

Cra

nber

rybu

sh

Vib

urnu

m

Dec

iduo

us

Pref

ers

neut

ral

to a

lkal

ine

soil

pH. P

refe

rs w

ell-

drai

ned,

moi

st

soil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sw

amps

, fen

s, &

wet

w

oods

.

Show

y w

hite

flow

ers.

Eas

ily

tran

spla

nted

. Att

ract

s bi

rds

and

wild

life.

Aff

ecte

d by

ste

m b

light

and

w

ater

str

ess.

Vit

is ru

pest

ris

Sand

Gra

peD

ecid

uous

L

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s al

ong

rive

r ba

nks.

Be

lieve

d to

be

exti

nct i

n PA

.

Zant

hoxy

lum

am

eric

anum

N

orth

ern

Pric

kly

Ash

/

Toot

hach

e Tr

eeD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s al

kalin

e so

il.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

st

ream

ban

ks, r

iver

bl

uffs

& ro

adsi

de

thic

kets

, usu

ally

on

calc

areo

us s

oils

or

diab

ase.

Pri

ckly

ste

ms.

40 | Pennsylvania Native Shrubs / TreesPe

nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Shr

ubs/

Tree

s

Both

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Am

elan

chie

r can

aden

sis

Shad

bush

/ Se

rvic

eber

ry/

June

berr

yD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s m

oist

soi

l.N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

woo

ds &

pea

ty th

icke

ts.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

. Tra

nspl

ants

eas

ily. B

ranc

hing

m

ay a

ffec

t sig

n vi

sibi

lity.

Asi

min

a tr

iloba

Pa

wpa

wD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s sl

ight

ly

acid

ic s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

m

oist

, ric

h w

oodl

ands

.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

. Suc

kers

. Sho

wy

purp

le

flow

ers.

Fru

it c

an b

e m

essy

. Fec

al o

dor

wit

h br

oken

bra

nche

s fr

om b

ark.

Chio

nant

hus v

irgi

nicu

s Fr

inge

Tre

e /

Whi

te F

ring

etre

eD

ecid

uous

LPr

efer

s ac

idic

, m

oist

, wel

l-dra

ined

so

ils.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

m

oist

, ope

n w

oods

&

woo

d ed

ges.

Shap

e is

qui

te v

aria

ble

but t

ypic

ally

mul

ti-

stem

med

. Slo

wer

gro

win

g. L

ate

to le

af in

the

Spri

ng. V

ery

show

y flo

wer

s an

d fr

uit e

aten

by

bir

ds. M

ale

and

fem

ale

plan

ts re

quir

ed fo

r fr

uiti

ng. P

ollu

tion

tole

rant

.

Ham

amel

is v

irgi

nian

a W

itch

haze

l or

Am

eric

an

Wit

chha

zel

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

moi

st, c

ool,

acid

ic s

oil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

ri

ch, r

ocky

woo

ds a

s an

un

ders

tory

pla

nt.

Mul

ti-s

tem

med

wid

e as

tall.

Sho

wy

Fall

yello

w

colo

r. Fr

agra

nt fl

ower

s bl

oom

aft

er le

aves

dro

p in

Fal

l.

Prun

us a

mer

ican

a W

ild P

lum

D

ecid

uous

L N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

woo

ded

slop

es, r

iver

ba

nks,

hed

gero

ws,

&

road

side

thic

kets

.

Slow

gro

win

g. S

how

y w

hite

flow

ers

befo

re

plan

t lea

fs o

ut. F

ruit

sho

wy

and

attr

acts

bir

ds.

Thor

ns o

n st

ems.

Aff

ecte

d by

tent

cat

erpi

llars

.

Prun

us p

ensy

lvan

ica

Fire

or

Pin

Che

rry

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dry

woo

ds &

op

enin

gs.

Prun

us v

irgi

nian

a C

hoke

Che

rry

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

neut

ral t

o ac

idic

soi

l pH

. N

atur

ally

occ

urs

in

rock

y, u

plan

d w

oods

.

Rhu

s gla

bra

Smoo

th S

umac

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

sha

le

barr

ens,

old

fiel

ds, &

dry

, op

en s

lope

s.

Gro

ws

in c

olon

ies.

Sho

wy

Fall

colo

r. Ea

sily

tr

ansp

lant

ed.

Rhu

s typ

hina

St

agho

rn S

umac

Dec

iduo

usL

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

dry

, op

en s

oil o

f old

fiel

ds,

road

side

s, &

woo

d ed

ges.

Gro

ws

in c

olon

ies.

Sho

wy

Fall

colo

r. A

rom

atic

ba

rk. E

asily

tran

spla

nted

.

Pennsylvania Native Shrubs / Trees | 41Pe

nnsy

lvan

ia N

ativ

e Shr

ubs/

Tree

s

Both

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Ever

gree

n or

Decid

uous

Popu

latio

ns fo

und

in La

ncas

ter C

o.Pl

ant C

hara

cter

istics

Loca

tion

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Sass

afra

s alb

idum

(C

omm

on) S

assa

fras

Dec

iduo

usL

Pref

ers

light

, aci

dic,

sa

ndy

soil.

Nat

ural

ly o

ccur

s in

old

fie

lds,

hed

gero

ws,

woo

ds

edge

.

Suck

ers

aggr

essi

vely

from

the

root

s an

d fo

rms

thic

kets

. Rem

ove

root

suc

kers

if s

ingl

e tr

unk

is

desi

red.

Goo

d Fa

ll co

lor.

Diffi

cult

to tr

ansp

lant

an

d es

tabl

ish.

42 | Pennsylvania Invasive Trees/ShrubsPe

nnsy

lvan

ia In

vasiv

e Tre

es/S

hrub

s

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Tree o

r Sh

rub

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

*Ace

r pla

tano

ides

N

orw

ay m

aple

Tree

Esca

ped

from

pla

ntin

gs;

win

d sp

read

s pr

olifi

c se

eds

Ace

r pse

udop

lata

nus

Syca

mor

e m

aple

Tree

Esca

ped

from

cul

tiva

tion

; w

ind

spre

ads

prol

ific

seed

sA

ilant

hus a

ltis

sim

a Tr

ee-o

f-he

aven

Tree

Win

d sp

read

s pr

olifi

c se

eds

*Ber

beri

s thu

nber

gii

Japa

nese

bar

berr

ySh

rub

Esca

ped

from

cul

tiva

tion

; sp

read

by

bird

sBe

rber

is v

ulga

ris

Euro

pean

bar

berr

ySh

rub

Esca

ped

from

cul

tiva

tion

; sp

read

by

bird

sEl

aeag

nus a

ngus

tifo

lia

Rus

sian

oliv

eSh

rub

Esca

ped

from

cul

tiva

tion

; sp

read

by

bird

sEl

aeag

nus u

mbe

llata

A

utum

n ol

ive

Shru

bEs

cape

d fr

om c

ulti

vati

on;

rapi

dly

spre

ad b

y bi

rds

*Euo

nym

us a

latu

s W

inge

d Eu

onym

usSh

rub

Esca

ped

from

pla

ntin

gs;

inva

sive

in m

oist

fore

st

sett

ings

Ligu

stru

m o

btus

ifoliu

m

Bord

er p

rive

tSh

rub

Esca

ped

from

cul

tiva

tion

; se

eds

spre

ad b

y bi

rds

Ligu

stru

m v

ulga

re

Com

mon

pri

vet

Shru

bEs

cape

d fr

om p

lant

ings

Loni

cera

maa

ckii

Am

ur h

oney

suck

leSh

rub

Esca

ped

from

pla

ntin

gs;

seed

s sp

read

by

bird

sLo

nice

ra m

orro

wii

Mor

row

’s ho

neys

uckl

eSh

rub

Esca

ped

from

pla

ntin

gs,

seed

s sp

read

by

bird

sLo

nice

ra m

orro

wii

x ta

tari

ca

Bell’

s ho

neys

uckl

eSh

rub

Esca

ped

from

cul

tiva

tion

Latin

Nam

e Co

mm

on N

ame

Tree o

r Sh

rub

Liabi

lities

/ Fea

ture

s

Loni

cera

stan

dish

ii St

andi

sh h

oney

suck

leSh

rub

Esca

ped

from

pla

ntin

gs,

seed

s sp

read

by

bird

sLo

nice

ra ta

rtar

ica

Tart

aria

n ho

neys

uckl

eSh

rub

Esca

ped

from

pla

ntin

gs;

seed

s sp

read

by

bird

sPa

ulow

nia

tom

ento

sa

Empr

ess

tree

Tree

Prol

ific

seed

s fa

ll to

sta

rt

new

see

dlin

gs*P

yrus

calle

ryan

a Ca

llery

pea

rTr

eeEs

cape

s fr

om p

lant

ings

Rha

mnu

s cat

hart

icus

Co

mm

on b

uckt

horn

Shru

bG

row

ing

prob

lem

in P

A

Rha

mnu

s fra

ngul

a G

loss

y bu

ckth

orSh

rub

Gro

win

g pr

oble

m in

PA

Ros

a m

ulti

flora

M

ulti

flora

rose

Shru

b

Prol

ific

seed

s w

hich

are

sp

read

by

bird

s; n

ew p

lant

s ro

ot fr

om ti

ps o

f arc

hing

ca

nes

that

con

tact

the

grou

nd.

Rub

us p

hoen

icol

asiu

s W

ineb

erry

Shru

bSp

read

by

seed

“*Sp

irae

a ja

poni

ca

Japa

nese

spi

raea

”Sh

rub

Esca

ped

from

pla

ntin

gs

“Ulm

us p

umila

Si

beri

an e

lm”

Tree

Esca

ped

from

cul

tiva

tion

*Vib

urnu

m o

pulu

s var

. opu

lus

Gue

lder

rose

Shru

bR

esem

bles

nat

ive

Vib

urnu

m tr

ilobu

m

* Spe

cies

has

cult

ivar

s tha

t are

not

kno

wn

to b

e in

vasi

ve.

If a

pla

nt cu

ltiv

ar o

f an

inva

sive

spec

ies i

s cho

sen,

a p

rofe

ssio

nal h

orti

cult

uris

t will

kno

w th

e cu

ltiv

ars i

nvas

ive

pote

ntia

l.

PENNSYLVANIA NATIVE TREES AND SHRUBS – A Landscaping GuideLancaster County Planning Commission

150 North Queen Street • Suite 320 • Lancaster, PA 17603 • (717) 299-8333www.co.lancaster.pa.us/planning

May 2011

Documents

Pennsylvania Native Trees and Shrubs