Upload
bayusyaits
View
223
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
7/21/2019 Pengenalan ERP (Enterprice Resource Planning)
1/16
3
Tkstnb NXY (Natnrprksn Xns`urdn Ygcaakae)
HCH
K
YNALCF^G^CA
3.3 Gctcr Hngcmcae Bcscgcf
Ynrsckaeca lk luakc kalustrk snbcmka m`bpgnms, pnruscfcca-pnruscfcca bnad`hc uatum
bnakaemctmca oubgcf m`asubnaayc lnaeca bngcmumca pngcycaca ycae dnpct lca hkcyc ycae
burcf lkhcalkaemca lnaeca m`bpntkt`rayc. Tcgcf sctu dcrc uatum bnwuoulmca mnsumsnsca
tnrsnhut lcpct lkgcmumca lnaeca dcrc bnaekatnercskmca skstnb kaj`rbcsk, pnakaemctca nsknask
lcrk skstnb kaj`rbcsk uatum bnaefcskgmca bcaconbna ycae gnhkf nskna lcgcb huskanss pr`dnssns.
Tkstnb Kaj`rbcsk (TK) clcgcf m`bhkacsk lcrk tnma`g`ek kaj`rbcsk lca cmtkvktcs `rcae ycae bnaeeu-
acmca tnma`g`ek ktu uatum bnalumuae `pnrcsk lca bcaconbna. Lcgcb crtk ycae scaect gucs, kstkgcf
skstnb kaj`rbcsk ycae snrkae lkeuacmca bnruoum mnpclc katnrcmsk catcrc `rcae, pr`sns cge`rktbkm,
lctc, lca tnma`g`ek. Lcgcb pnaenrtkca kak, kstkgcf kak lkeuacmca uatum bnruoum tklcm fcayc pclc
pnaeeuacca `recakscsk tnma`g`ek kaj`rbcsk lca m`buakmcsk (\KM), tntcpk ouec uatum dcrc lk bcac
`rcae hnrkatnrcmsk lnaeca tnma`g`ek kak lcgcb bnalumuae pr`sns hksaks
Yr`sns hksaks clcgcf suctu mubpugca pnmnrocca ycae scgkae tnrmckt uatum bnayngnsckmca suctu bc-
scgcf tnrtnatu. Tuctu pr`sns hksaks lcpct lkpndcf bnaoclk hnhnrcpc suhpr`sns ycae bcskae-bcskae
bnbkgkmk ctrkhut snalkrk tcpk ouec hnrm`atrkhusk uatum bnadcpck tuouca lcrk supnrpr`snsayc. Cacgksks
pr`sns hksaks ububayc bngkhctmca pnbntcca pr`sns lca suhpr`sns lk lcgcbayc fkaeec tkaemctca
cmtkvktcs ctcu mnekctca.
\nma`g`ek natnrprksn rns`urdns pgcaakae (NXY) lcpct bnaekatnercskmca juaesk bcrmntkae, juaesk
pr`lumsk, juaesk g`ekstkm, juaesk acadn, juaesk subhnr lcyc, juaesk pr`lumsk, lca juaesk gckaayc.
Natnrprksn Xns`urdn Ygcaakae (NXY) bnrupcmca suctu dcrc uatum bnaeng`gc subhnr lcyc pnruscfcca
lnaeca bnaeeuacmca tnma`g`ek kaj`rbcsk.
3
7/21/2019 Pengenalan ERP (Enterprice Resource Planning)
2/16
8
Tkstnb NXY (Natnrprksn Xns`urdn Ygcaakae)
Ynaeeuacca NXY ycae lkgnaemcpk lnaeca fcrlwcrn lca s`jtwcrn uatum bnaem``rlkacsk lca bnaeka-
tnercskmca lctc kaj`rbcsk pclc sntkcp crnc huskanss pr`dnssns uatum bnaefcskgmca pnaecbhkgca
mnputusca ycae dnpct mcrnac bnaynlkcmca cacgksc lca gcp`rca mnucaeca ycae dnpct, gcp`rca pnaouc-
gca ycae `a tkbn, gcp`rca pr`lumsk lca kavnat`rk. Yr`ercb NXY scaect bnbhcatu pnruscfcca ycae
bnbkgkmk hksaks pr`sns ycae gucs, lnaeca bnaeeuacmca lctchcsn lca rnp`rtkae t``gs bcaconbna ycaetnrhcek. Huskanss pr`dnssns bnrupcmca snmng`bp`m cmtkvktcs ycae bnbnrgumca sctu onaks ctcu gnhkf
kaput ycae cmca bnaefcskgmca snhucf `utput lkbcac `utput kak bnrupcmca vcgun uatum m`asubna.
T`jtwcrn NXY bnalumuae pnae`pnrcskca ycae nskna lcrk huskanss pr`dnssns lnaeca dcrc
bnaekatnercskmca cmtkvktcs-cmtkvktcs lcrk mnsngurufca hksaks tnrbcsum scgns, bcrmntkae,
bcaujcdturkae, g`ekstkd, cdd`uatkae, lca stcjae. Kbpgnbnatcsk NXY pclc pnruscfcca lk
Kal`anskc ycae bnbpuayck fcrcpca uatum bnbpnrdnpct pr`sns hksaks, bnakaemctmca nsknask,
lca bnrcup pnalcpctca ycae gnhkf hnscr. ^atum bnadcpck mnhnrfcskgca NXY kak bcmc pnrgu bnaen-
tcfuk jcmt`r-jcmt`r cpc ycae bnbpnaecrufk mnhnrfcskgca kbpgnbnatcsk lca mnececgca kbpgnbnatcsk.
\n`rk ycae lkscbpckmca Ecrenyc lca Hrcly (899>) bnayctcmca hcfwc clc jcmt`r-jcmt`r mnhnrfcskgca
lca jcmt`r-jcmt`r mnececgca catcrc gcka ? pnrtcbc, mnbcbpuca uatum bnbpnrskaemct hksaks pr`sns
ctcu `pnrcsk snfkaeec must`bkscsk hnrmurcae pclc pnruscfcca= mnluc, mnhnrfcskgca tkb pr`ynm
ycae lklumuae `gnf bcaconbna, m`asugtca lca vnal`r= mntkec, clcayc pngctkfca ycae
hnrmngcaoutca scct kbpgnbnatcsk NXY pclc pnruscfcca= mnnbpct, bnaynsuckmca hulcyc
`recakscsk ycae scbc uatum bnaefkalcrk dcrc-dcrc tnrsnalkrk lcgcb bnaenrocmca fcg-fcg lca
sntkcp juaesk/lnpcrtnbna hnr`pnrcsk lnaeca pr`snlur hnrhnlc lca mntnatuca hksaks hnrhnlc,
bcmc pnrgu lkgcmumca wclcf uatum sfcrkae ma`wgnlenNXY pclc pnruscfcca. Mngkbc,
bnrnadcacmca hkcyc pclc scct kbpgnbnatcsk lca pnaenbhcaeca NXY uatum bnaefkalcrk
pnbcmckca hkcyc ycae bngnhkfk lcrk mnbcbpuca pnruscfcca.
3.8 \uouca Ynaugksca
Bcajcct lcrk Ynaugksca Bcmcgcf kak
Bnaongcsmca Natnrprksn Xns`urdns Ygcaakae (NXY) mnpclc pcrc bcfcskswc skstnb kaj`rbcsk hckm ktu
juaesk lcrk NXY lk gkaemuaeca `recakscsk bcupua pnruscfcca.
Tngcka ktu, bcmcgcf kak lcpct bnacbhcf wcwcsca pnbhcdc tnatcae Tkstnb Natnrprksn Xns`urdn
Ygcaakae (NXY) ycae hksc bnbpnrbulcf pnruscfcca/ uakvnrsktcs uatum bnaykbpca lca bnaentcfuk
sndcrc dnpct lctchcsn pnruscfcca ctcupua uakvnrsktcs.
3.4 Hctcsca Bcscgcf
Bcmcgcf kak fcayc bnbhcfcs Natnrprksn Xns`urdn Ygcaakae sndcrc ubub, ycktu pnaenrtkca NXY
fkaeec mngnhkfca lca mnmurcaeca lcrk skstnb NXY, sndrc rkaemcs, uatum pnbhcfcsca ycae gnhkf m`b-
pgnms, pnayusua tklcm hksc tnrcpmca pclc bcmcgcf kak, lkmcrnmca fcg tnrsnhut bnbkgkmk tnbpct pnbhc-
fcsca tnrsnalkrk.
7/21/2019 Pengenalan ERP (Enterprice Resource Planning)
3/16
4
Tkstnb NXY (Natnrprksn Xns`urdn Ygcaakae)
YNBHCFCTCA
8.3 Ynaenrtkca
Ynrnadcacca subhnr lcyc pnruscfcca, ctcu snrkae lkskaemct NXY lcrk kstkgcf hcfcsc Kaeerksayc, na-
tnrprksn rns`urdn pgcaakae, clcgcf skstnb kaj`rbcsk ycae lkpnruatummca hcek pnruscfca bcaujcmtur
bcupua ocsc ycae hnrpnrca bnaekatnercskmca lca bnae`t`bcskmca pr`sns hksaks ycae hnrfuhuaecalnaeca cspnm `pnrcsk, pr`lumsk bcupua lkstrkhusk lk pnruscfcca hnrscaemutca. Tycrct tnrpnatkae lcrk
skstnb NXY clcgcf bnaeechuaemca hnrhceck mnhutufca pclc sctu s`jtwcrn lcgcb sctu g`ekdcg lctc-
hcsn, snfkaeec bnbulcfmca snbuc lnpcrtnbna hnrhcek kaj`rbcsk lca hnrm`buakmcsk.
Lctchcsn ycae clc lcpct bnaekokamca sntkcp lnpcrtnbna lcgcb pnruscfcca uatum bnaykbpca lca
bnaecbhkg kaj`rbcsk sndcrc rncg-tkbn. Kaj`rbcsk tnrsnhut fcrus lcpct lkpnrdcyc, lcpct lkcmsns lca
bulcf lksnhcrgucsmca. Xcadcaeca pnrcaemct guacm b`lugcr fcrus hnrcrtk hcfwc snhucf hksaks lcpct
bnbkgkf b`lug-b`lug ycae lkpnrgumca, lkm`bhkacskmca lca lksnsuckmca lcrk vnal`r ycae hnrhnlc,
lca lcpct bnacbhcfmca b`lug hcru uatum bnakaemctmca uaoum mnroc hksaks.
8.8 Gcalcsca \n`rk
C. Tnocrcf
NXY hnrmnbhcae lcrk Bcaujcdturkae Xns`urdn Ygcaakae (BXY KK) ycae hnr-nv`gusk lcrk Bctnrkcg
Xnqukrnbnat Ygcaakae (BXY) ycae hnrmnbhcae snhngubayc. Tkstnb NXY sndcrc b`lugcr hkcscayc
bnacaecak pr`sns bcaujcmtur, g`ekstkm, lkstrkhusk, pnrsnlkcca (kavnat`ry), pnaecpcgca, kav`kdn, lca
cmuatcask pnruscfcca. Kak hnrcrtk hcfwc skstnb kak acatk cmca bnbhcatu bnae`atr`g cmtkvktcs hksaks
snpnrtk pnaoucgca, pnaekrkbca, pr`lumsk, bcaconbna pnrsnlkcca, bcaconbna mucgktcs, lca subhnr
lcyc bcauskc.
HCH
KK
4
7/21/2019 Pengenalan ERP (Enterprice Resource Planning)
4/16
Tkstnb NXY (Natnrprksn Xns`urdn Ygcaakae)
L. B`lug NXY
Tndcrc b`lugcr, s`jtwcrn NXY hkcscayc tnrhcek ctcs b`lug utcbc ycmak @pnrcsk snrtc b`lug pna-
lumuae ycmak Jkacaskcg lca cmuatcsk snrtc Tubhnr Lcyc Bcauskc
NXY lkhcek bnaoclk tkec b`lug utcbc,
3. B`lug `pnrcsk
8. B`lug acadkcg cmuatcask, lca
4. B`lug subhnr lcyc bcauskc.
Mntkec b`lug kak hnrocgca sndcrc tnrpkscf, snfkaeec pnruscfcca tklcm fcrus bnaekbpgnbnatcskmca
mntkecayc sndcrc gcaesuae. Acbua, mntkec b`lug tnrsnhut hnrfuhuaeca gcaesuae lnaeca sctu lctc-
hcsn tnrpusct. Bkscgayc mntkmc hcekca pnaoucgca bnanrkbc pnscaca lcrk m`asubna, hcekca eulcaegcaesuae bnaentcfuk lca bnbpnrskcpmca pnscaca tnrsnhut. Mnbulkca hcekca cmuatcask lcpct bngk-
fct cpcmcf hcrcae pnscaca sulcf lkmkrkb ctcu hngub, snfkaeec kc lcpct bnbpnrskcpmca tcekfca ua-
tum m`asubna. Tkstnb ycae snpnrtk kak cmca bnaefnbct hcaycm rns`urdn pnruscfcca, snpnrtk wcmtu,
hkcyc lca tnacec mnroc. Tnbuc `rcae lcgcb skstnb bngkfct lctc ycae scbc lca cmca bnbpnr`gnf
kaj`rbcsk tnrhcru lcrk snbuc lkvksk lcgcb pnruscfcca.
N. Kbpgnbnatcsk NXY
Kbpgnbnatcsk NXY bnbhutufmca pnrskcpca ycae bctcae, mcrnac mnscgcfca kbpgnbnatcsk cmca bna-
ecmkhctmca mnruekca ycae tklcm snlkmkt. \cfcp pcgkae cwcg lcrk kbpgnbnatcsk NXY clcgcf bnbhcaeua
hksaks pr`sns ycae hckm. \capc hksaks pr`sns ycae hckm, snbuc skstnb kaj`rbcsk hnrhcsks m`bputnr
lnaeca tnmakm cpcpua tklcm cmca bcbpu bnakaemctmca nsknask lca njnmtkvktcs pnruscfcca tnrsnhut.
Cecr snhucf pnruscfcca lcpct bnanrcpmca m`asnp NXY lnaeca hckm, sntkcp cspnm lcrk `recakscsk,bcauskc, kaj`rbcsk, lca tnma`g`ek fcrus lkpnrskcpmca lnaeca hckm.
Ecbhcr 8.3 Tkmgus bub Yr`sns Hksaks Ynruscfcca Bcaujcmtur
7/21/2019 Pengenalan ERP (Enterprice Resource Planning)
6/16
:
Tkstnb NXY (Natnrprksn Xns`urdn Ygcaakae)
Lnaeca lnbkmkca, mntkmc kbpgnbnatcsk hnacr-hnacr lkocgcamca, mcrycwca tngcf skcp lca bnbkgkmk
mnbcuca uatumhngcocr lca bnalumuae mnhnrfcskgca NXY tnrsnhut. NXY tklcm sngcgu klnatkm lnaeca
pnrcbpkaeca mcrycwca. Ynbkmkrca kak ycae lcpct bnaynhchmca mcrycwca catkpcstk tnrfclcp pnruhc-
fca mn skstnb NXY, mcrnac bnrcsc p`skskayc tnrcadcb lnaeca mnbulcfca ycae lktcwcrmca NXY
3. Hksaks pr`sns
^atum bnbhcaeua skstnb NXY, hksaks pr`sns fcrus lksusua lnaeca ongcs lca tnpct. \capc pr`sns
hksaks ycae hnacr, skstnb cpcpua ycae lktnrcpmca tklcm cmca bcbpu bnbpnrhckmk mnclcca pnrusc-
fcca. Lcgcb bnbhcaeua skstnb NXY, snhckmayc hctcsca skstnb ycae cmca lkhcaeua ongcs, snfkaeec
kbpgnbnatcsk NXY tklcm hnrmnbhcae mn fcg-fcg ycae tklcm lkpnrgumca.
8. Znal`r
Znal`r clcgcf pnruscfcca ycae bnaynlkcmca pcmnt skstnb NXY ycae cmca lkkbpgnbnatcskmca lk pn-
ruscfcca. Tngcka bnaynlkcmca s`jtwcrn lca fcrlwcrn, vnal`r ouec fcrus bnbhnrkmca pngctkfca pclc
mcrycwca pnruscfcca ycae bnaeeuacmca ocscayc, cecr mcrycwca tnrhkcsc lnaeca skstnb K\ ycae
hcru, lca bnbcstkmca skstnb ycae hcru kak hnrocgca. > pnbcka vnal`r utcbc pnaynlkc NXY?
TCY
Ynruscfcca kak lklkrkmca pclc tcfua 3;58 lk Ucggl`rj, Onrbca. Hngub pnracf clc pnruscfcca lk gucr
Cbnrkmc Tnrkmct ycae bnadcpck mnsumsnsca snpnrtk pnruscfcca kak. Ynruscfcca kak clcgcf pnbnecae
pcaesc NXY tnrhnscr lk luakc, snmktcr 49%-:9%. TCY clcgcf pr`lum pnrcaemct guacm NXY ycae bnb-
puayck mnbcbpuca uatum bnaekatnercskmca hnrhceck bcdcb cpgkmcsk hksaks, lkbcac sntkcp cpgkmcsk
bnwcmkgmca crnc hksaks tnrtnatu.
@rcdgn
Ynruscfcca kak lklkrkmca pclc tcfua 3;55 lk Cbnrkmc Tnrkmct. @rcdgn clcgcf pnruscfcca pnaynlkc
s`jtwcrn tnrhnscr mnluc lk luakc. \ntcpk pnruscfcca kak gnhkf lkmnacg uatum skstnb lctchcsnayc,
humca cpgkmcsk NXY-ayc. Cpgkmcsk @rcdgn bugck lkmnbhcaemca uatum pcscr Cbnrkmc Tnrkmct pclc
\cfua 3;6; lca uatum pcscr katnracsk`ag pclc 3;;4. Yclc tcfua 3;;5, `rcdgn bnaeububmca cmca
Ecbhcr 8.3 T`jtwcrn NXY
7/21/2019 Pengenalan ERP (Enterprice Resource Planning)
7/16
5
Tkstnb NXY (Natnrprksn Xns`urdn Ygcaakae)
bnbcsumk pcscr kalustrk spnskm lca bnakaemctmca mcrcmtnr katnracsk`gacg pclc s`jtwcrn bnrnmc.
Xnputcsk @rcdgn lcgcb skstnb NXY clcgcf uatum pnaenbhcaeca pr`lum ycae lcpct lkechuaemca lna-
eca pr`lum gcka snfkaeec lcpct bnadkptcmca skstnb ycae hnst `j hrncl. @rcdgn clcgcf pnrtcbc mcgk
bnaekatnercskmca katnrant lcgcb pr`lum bnrnmc.
Yn`pgns`jt
Ynruscfcca kak lklklrkmca pclc tcfua 3;65 lca bugck e` puhgkd pclc 3;;8. Yn`pgnT`jt clcgcf vna-
l`r NXY mntkec tnrhnscr. Yclc tcfua 3;;5, bnrnmc tngcf bnaeucsck pcaesc pcscr snhnscr :% lca
pnalcpctca bnrnmc pclc a3;;6 tgcfbngnhk .4 bk.Yn`pgT`t lkmnacg gucs uatum mnbcbpuca lcgcb
hklcae subhnr lcyc bcauskc. Lcgcb hcaycm mcsus, pnruscfcca bnbkgkf vnal`r NXY (d`at`f `rcdgn)
lcgcb bnaynlkcmca b`lug-b`lug NXY, acbua bnbkgkf Yn`pgnT`jt uatum b`lug subhnr lcyc bcau-
sck.
O. L. Nlwcrls
Ynuscfcca kak tngcf bnaengucrmca bugtkpgctj`rb s`jtwcrn, ycmak @anU`rgl ycae lkrcadcae sndcrc
hnrtcfcp uatum bnaeecatkmca pr`lum snhngubayc ycktu CT/9 outc. HCCA bugck lkmnacg snocm
bnbnacaemca NXY lnaca H`nkae pclc tcfua 3;;
7/21/2019 Pengenalan ERP (Enterprice Resource Planning)
8/16
6
Tkstnb NXY (Natnrprksn Xns`urdn Ygcaakae)
F. Jcsn Kbpgnbnatcsk NXY
Jcsn Kakskcsk
Hnrupc rnadcac strctneks ctcu ouec lcrk hnhnrcpc mnoclkca ycae buadug lk pnruscfcca bkscgayc
clcayc tcwcrca lcrk vnal`r, pnrenrcmca lcrk m`bpntktk`r, pnrenrcmca kalustrk, pnakaemctca mucgktcspr`ynm, pnruhcfca pclc pnrcturca lca fumub ctcu pnbcajcctca caeecrca tnma`g`ek kaj`rbcsk ycae
gnhkf hckm.
Jcsn Nvcgucsk
Bngkputk nvcgucsk pr`sns hksaks, cacgksks mnhutufca, nvcgucsk hnrhceck cgtnractkj, pnadcrkca vnal`r
ycae p`tnaskcg lca nvcgucsk hnrhceck pr`lum ycae hnrhnlc.
Jcsn Tngndtk`a
Yclc jcsn Nvcgucsk lcpct hnrgcaesuae lcgcb rnatcae wcmtu ycae dumup gcbc. Mcrnac lkfchksmca
uatum bnayngnmsk hnrhceck p`tnask cgtnractkj tnrbcsum pngucae bnaecmfkrk pr`ynm ctcu bnbutusmca
pr`ynm okmc gkaemuaecaayc tnrayctc tklcm skcp bnanrkbc pr`ynm tnrsnhut.
Jcsn B`lkmcsk
Lcpct lkocgcamca luc dcrc ?
3. Dcrc pnrtcbc b`lkmcsk ycae tnroclk lcgcb rcaemckca pr`sns cacgksks-m`aeurcsk lca pnaeuokca
fkaeec lklcpctmca fcskg ycae lkkaekamca ctcu fkaeec hctcsca wcmtu tnrtnatu.
8. Dcrc mnluc lnaeca bngcmumca pnbkgkfca stctus tcrent tnrtnatu lca mnbulkca bnanrcpmca pna-
eumurca ctcs pnadcpckca tcrent tnrtnatu. Yr`sns kak lkgcmumca sndcrc pcrcgng fkaeec bnbhnatum
suctu gkaemcrca. Lkgcmumca tcfcpca pngctkfca hcek pcrc pnaeeuac.
Jcsn Ynayngnsckca
Okmc snbuc hnrocgca gcadcr, m`asubna cmca bnguacsk pnbhcycrca (tnrecatuae m`atrcm). Lca ouec
tcfcpca kak pnruscfcca hkcscayc bnalcpctmca pngcocrca lca pnaecgcbca ctcs snecgc mnoclkca sngc-
bc pr`ynm kbpgnbnatcsk, tnrbcsum nvcgucsk mnhnrfcskgca lca mnececgca lca pngucae kbpgnbnatcsk
sngcaoutayc.
K. \uouca NXY
\uouca skstnb NXY clcgcf uatum bnaem``rlkacskmca hksaks `recakscsk sndcrc mnsngurufca. NXY bnr-
upcmca s`jtwcrn ycae clc lcgcb `recakscsk/pnruscfcca ycae lkeuacmca uatum; ?
@t`bctkscsk lca katnercsk hcaycm pr`sns hksaks. Hckm pr`sns hksaks pnruscfcca bcaujcmtur ctcu
ocsc.
Bnbhcek lctchcsn ycae ubub lca prcmtnm hksaks bngcguk natnrprksn.
Bnaefcskgmca kaj`rbcsk ycae rncg-tkbn.
Bnbuaemkamca pnrpcluca pr`sns trcascmsk lca mnekctca pnrnadcacca.
7/21/2019 Pengenalan ERP (Enterprice Resource Planning)
9/16
;
Tkstnb NXY (Natnrprksn Xns`urdn Ygcaakae)
Tkstnb NXY;
Tkstnb NXY clcgcf snhucf tnrbka`g`ek ycae lkhnrkmca mnpclc skstnb kaj`rbcsk ycae bnalumuae
trcascmsk ctcu `pnrcsk snfcrk-fcrk lcgcb pnaeng`gcca subhnr lcyc pnruscfcca. Tubhnr lcyc tnrsn-
hut bngkputk lcac, bcauskc, bnska, sumu dclcae, wcmtu, bctnrkcg lca mcpcsktcs.
M`asnp lcrk skstnb NXY lcpct lkkgustrcskmca snhceck hnrkmut ?Ycmnt skstnb NXY hkcscayc tnrlkrk ctcs snmubpugca b`lug-b`lug ycae lcpct bnalumuae hnrhceck
juaesk lca pr`sns pclc pnruscfcca. Cgur pr`sns hksaks ycae tnroclk lcgcb pnruscfcca m`bnrskcg,
hckm ycae bnaefcskgmca pr`lum hcrcae ocsc sndcrc ubub bnrupcmca sctu skmgus m`atkau bugck lcrk
pnrbkatcca m`asubna, pnbhuctca pr`lum, pnaynrcfca pr`lum, pnacekfca, pnbhcycrca lca gcycaca
puracoucg.
O. Mnuatuaeca Ynaeeuacca NXY
Hcayco mnuatuaeca ycae hksc lklcpct, okmc bnaeeuacmca skstnb NXY, catcrc gcka?
Katnercsk lctc mnucaeca^atum bnaekatnercskmca lctc mnucaeca snfkaeec t`p bcacenbnat hksc bngkfct lca bnae`atr`g mkanr-
oc mnucaeca pnruscfcca lnaeca gnhkf hckm
Ttcalcrkscsk Yr`sns @pnrcsk
Bnastcalcrmca pr`sns `pnrcsk bngcguk kbpgnbnatcsk hnst prcdtkdn snfkaeec tnroclk pnakaemctca pr`-
lumtkvktcs, pnauruaca kansknask lca pnakaemctca mucgktcs pr`lum
Ttcalcrkscsk Lctc lca Kaj`rbcsk
Bnastcalcrmca lctc lca kaj`rbcsk bngcguk mnsnrcecbca pngcp`rca, tnrutcbc uatum pnruscfcca hnscr
ycae hkcscayc tnrlkrk lcrk hcaycm huskanss uakt lnaeca oubgcf lca onaks hksaks ye hnrhnlc-hnlc.
Mnuatuaeca ycae lcpct lkumur, catcrc gcka?
Ynauruaca kavnat`rk
Ynauruaca tnacec mnroc sndcrc t`tcg
Ynakaemctca snrvkdn gnvng
Ynakaemctca m`atr`g mnucaeca
Ynauruaca wcmtu ycae lk hutufmca uatum bnalcpctmca kaj`rbcsk
7/21/2019 Pengenalan ERP (Enterprice Resource Planning)
10/16
39
Tkstnb NXY (Natnrprksn Xns`urdn Ygcaakae)
M. Ynbkgkfca Bnt`l`g`ek
Bnt`l`g`ek ycae hnrmcktca lnaea NXY ca buadugayc pnrbcscgcfca
Ynaentcfuca tcapc pnaecgcbca bnaynhchmca `rcae bnbhuct pnrnadcacca ycae tnrgkfct snbpur-
ac tntcpk mnbulkca tnrhumtk tklcm hksc lkkbpgnbnatcskmca
Clc strumtur pr`sns sngnmsk ycae snhckmayc lkgcmumca uatum bnbnaufk mnhutufca pnruscfcca
lcgcb bnbkgkf NXY
Yr`sns sngnmsk tklcm fcrus sngcgu rubkt cecr njnmtkj. [cae pnatkae `recakznl, j`dusnl lca skbpgn
Yr`sns sngnmsk kak hkcscayc hnrmkscr catcrc >-: hugca snocm lkbugck fkaeec pnacalctcaecaca `rlnr
pnbhngkca NXY (HM. Mfcktca)
G. Mngnhkfca NXY
NXY ctcu Natnrprksn Xns`urdn Ygcaakae bnbkgkmk hnhnrcpc mngnhkfca, lkcatcrcayc ?
3. Katnercsk catcrc crnc juaesk`acg ycae hnrhnlc uatum bnycmkamca m`buakmcsk, pr`lumtktcs lca
nsknask ycae tnpct.8. Xcadcaeca Ynrnmcycscca
4. Yngcdcmca pnbnscaca lcrk pnanrkbcca scbpck jugggbnat
. Yngcdcmca 4 dcrc ycae hnrsnsuckca catcrc pnbnscaca pnbhngkca, pnanrkbcca kavnat`rk, lca pnb-
hkcycca
:. Cmuatcsk uatum mnsngurufca tuecs? bngcdcm pnbcsumca, hkcyc lca mnuatuaeca pclc gnvng katk
B. Mnmurcaeca NXY
Tngcka bnbkgkmk mngnhkfca, NXY ouec bnbkgkmk mngnbcfca. [cktu ?3. \nrhctcsayc must`bkscsk lcrk pnrcaemct guacm NXY.
8. Tkstnb NXY scaect bcfcg.
4. Ynrnmcycscca mnbhcgk pr`sns hksaks uatum bnaynsuckmca lnaeca stcalcr kalustrk ycae tngcf
lklnsmrkpskmca `gnf skstnb NXY lcpct bnaynhchmca fkgcaeayc mnuatuaeca m`bpntktkj.
. Tkstnb lcpct tnrgcgu m`bpgnms okmc lkhcalkaemca lnaeca mnhutufca lcrk pngcaeeca
:. Lctc lcgcb skstnb NXY hnrclc lcgcb sctu tnbpct, d`at`fayc ? pngcaeeca, lctc mnucaeca. Fcg kak
lcpct bnakaemctmca rnskm` mnfkgcaeca kaj`rbcsk snasktkj, okmc tnrlcpct pnbh`h`gca skstnb mnc-bcaca
A. Mnruekca Ynanrcpca NXY
Mnruekca ycae buaemka tnroclk mntkmc scgcf bnanrcpmca NXY catcrc gcka clcgcf?
Ttrctnek `pnrcsk tklcm snocgca lnaeca huskanss pr`dnss lnskea lca pnaenbhcaecaayc
Ucmtu lca hkcyc kbpgnbnatcsk ycae bngnhkfk caeecrca
Mcrycwca tklcm skcp uatum bnanrkbc lca hnr`pnrcsk lnaeca skstnb ycae hcru
Ynrskcpca kbpgnbnatctk`a tklcm lkgcmumca lnaeca hckm
\klcm d`d`mayc s`jtwcrn lnaeca huskanss pr`dnss pnruscfcca.
Murcaeayc subhnr lcyc, snpnrtk bcauskc, kajrcstrumtur lca b`lcg pnruscfcca.
7/21/2019 Pengenalan ERP (Enterprice Resource Planning)
11/16
33
Tkstnb NXY (Natnrprksn Xns`urdn Ygcaakae)
\nrhnatumayc hulcyc `recakscsk ycae hnrclc lcgcb z`ac aycbca lca tklcm bcu hnruhcf ctcu
bnrcsc tnrcadcb lnaeca mnhnrclcca s`jtwcrn (tcmut tklcm lkpnmnrocmca gcek).
Murcaeayc trckakae lca pnbhngcocrca uatum mcrycwca, snfkaeec mcrycwca tklcm hnacr-hnacr skcp
bnaefclcpk pnruhcfca skstnb, lkbcac snbuc mcrycwca fcrus skcp uatum sngcgu bnaynlkcmca lctc
ycae up-t`-lctn. Murcaeayc m`buakmcsk catcr pnrs`ang.
Dcdctayc pr`ondt lnskea lca bcacenbnat.
Tcrca pnaefnbctca ycae bnaynsctmca lcrk `rcae ycae tklcm tnpct.
Mncfgkca vnal`r ycae tklcm snsuck lnaeca mnhutufca pnruscfcca.
Jcmt`r tnmaks gckaayc, snpnrtk hcfcsc, mnhkcscca l`mubnatcsk dntcm bnaoclk gn, lca gcka sn-
hceckayc.
@. Bnbkgkf NXY
Gctcr Hngcmcae Kavnstcsk NXY scaect bcfcg lca pkgkfca NXY ycae scgcf hksc bnaoclk bkbpk hurum.
NXY ycae hnrfcskg lkeuacmca `gnf snhucf pnruscfcca tklcm bnaoclk ocbkaca hnrfcskg lk pnrusc-
fcca ycae gcka.
Ynrnadcacca fcrus lkgcmumca uatum bnayngnmsk NXY ye tnpct.
Hcfmca lcgcb hnhnrcpc mcsus ycae nmstrnb, nvcgucsk pkgkfca NXY bnaefcskgmca rnm`bnalcsk
uatum tklcm bnbhngk NXY, tntcpk bnbpnrhckmk Huskanss Yr`dnss ycae clc.
\klcm clc mncockhca lcgcb NXY s`jtwcrn. Mnuatuaeca ycae lklcpct lcrk NXY clcgcf fcskg lcrk
pnrskcpca lca kbpgnbnatcsk ycae njnmtkj.
\klcm clc s`jtwcrn ctcu skstnb kaj`rbcsk ycae hksc bnautupk huskanss strctney ycae dcdct lca
huskanss pr`dnss ycae pcrcf.
Tndcrc skaemct, tklcm snbuc NXY scbc mnbcbpucaayc lca bnbkgkf NXY tklcmgcf bulcf (pcgkae
tklcm, tklcmgcf snlnrfcac), lca bnbkgkf NXY ycae scgcf cmca bnaoclk hnadcac ycae bcfcg
Y. Tumsns`r Ynanrcpca
Tycrct sumsns bnbkgkf NXY Ynaentcfuca lca Ynaecgcbca
Ynaentcfuca clcgcf pnaentcfuca tnatcae hceckbcac dcrc snhucf pr`sns snfcrusayc lkgcmumca,
okmc snecgc snsuctuayc hnrocgca gcadcr
Ynaecgcbca clcgcf pnbcfcbca tnrfclcp mnayctcca tnatcae hceckbcac snhucf pr`sns snfcrusayc
lkmnrocmca lnaeca mnbuaemkaca
Ynaecgcbca tcapc pnaentcfuca hksc bnaynhchmca tnrugcaeayc ctcu tnrcmubugcskayc mnscgcfca
lca mnmngkruca mcrnac tklcm lkhnmcgk lnaeca pnbcfcbca ye dumup. Mnscgcfca kak buadug ctcu
tnroclk mcrnac NXY clcgcf snhucf hnst prcdtkdn lcrk stcalcr hksaks. Tnfcrusayc pnaentcfuca pclc
juaesk-juaesk ycae tnrsnlkc lcgcb cpgkmcsk dumup tkaeek snfkaeec tklcm bnanrcpmca (kbpgnbnatc-
tk`a) lnaeca dcrc ycae mngkru. Mnscgccfca lcgcb kbpgnbnatcsk cmca bnaoclk bcscgcf snrkus hcek
uscfc pnakaemctca mkanroc uscfc.
7/21/2019 Pengenalan ERP (Enterprice Resource Planning)
12/16
38
Tkstnb NXY (Natnrprksn Xns`urdn Ygcaakae)
S. Xkskm` NXY
Xkskm` NXY bugck tnroclk lcrk mnputusca uatum bnaeeuacmca NXY ctcu tklcm, scbpck mntkmc sksnb
tnrsnhut tngcf lkkbpgnbnatcskmca, tnrbcsum pnrbcscgcfca trckakae. Fcskg survny Custka lca D`tnggnr
(3;;;) lcgcb @Gncry (8999) bnaecacgksc hcfwc rkskm` ycae lktnrkbc `gnf pnruscfcca cmkhct pnanr-cpca skstnrb NXY tnrlkrk lcrk 4 rkskm`?
3. \ndfakdcg Xksm,ycktu rkskm` ycae buadug mcrnac bcscgcf kaj`rbctk`a pr`dnsskae tndfa`g`ey.
D`at`f tnma`g`ek ycae lkeuacmca lcg cb NXY snonansk `pnrctkae s`jtwcrn ycae lkeuacmca, rngc-
tk`acg lctchcsn, dgkan snrvnr tndfa`g`ey, antw`rm rnqukrnbnats, lca s`jtwcrn
8. Huskanss Xksm, ycktu rkskm` ycae tkbhcg mcrnac pnrbcscgcfa b`lng skstnb lca pr`sns ycae lkpkgkf
lca lkcl`psk snhceck hcekca kbpgnbnatcsk NXY. Xkskm` kak ouec bnadcmup m`askstnask katnracg
lca mnd`d`mca bnrnmc lnaeca jcmt`r nmstnracg. Xkskm` kak tnrmckt lnaeca snhnrcp hckm skstnb NXY
ycae lkeuacmca lcpct bnbhuct pnruscfcca hnrsckae lnaeca hckm. Xkskm` hksaks hkcscayc gnhkftkaeek lcrkpclc rkskm` tnmaks.
4. @recakzctk`acg Xksm. Xkskm` kak tnrmckt lnaeca bcscgcf gkaemuaeca lkbcac suctu skstnb NXY
lktnrcpmca, hckm ktu bcscgcf kalkvklu lca ouec strumtu `recakscsk. Xkskm` `recakscsk hkcscayc gnhkf
hnscr lcrkpclc rkskm` hksaks.
X. Ynanrcpca NXY
Hnrkmut kak clcgcf rkaemcsca p`ka-p`ka ye hksc lkeuacmca snhceck pnl`bca pclc scct kbpgnbnatcsk
NXY?
NXY clcgcf hcekca lcrk kajrcstrumtur pnruscfcca, lca scaect pnatkae uatum mngcaesuaeca fkluppnruscfcca. Tnbuc `rcae lca hcekca ycae cmca tnrpnaecruf `gnf clcayc NXY fcrus tnrgkhct lca
bnbhnrkmca lumuaeca
NXY clc uatum bnalumuae juaesk hksaks lca bnakaemctmca pr`lumtkvktcs, humca snhcgkmayc. \u-
ouca kbpgnbnatcsk NXY clcgcf uatum bnakaemctmca lcyc sckae pnruscfcca
Yngcocrk mnsumsnsca lca mnececgca kbpgnbnatcsk NXY, ocaeca hnruscfc bnbhuct snalkrk prcmtnm
kbpgnbnatcsk NXY. Clc bnt`l`g`ek tnrtnatu uatum kbpgnbnatcsk NXY ycae gnhkf tnrocbka mnhnr-
fcskgcaayc
T. Ynanrcpc NXY lk Kal`anskc
Tnhcekca hnscr pnruscfcca lk Kal`anskc, bcskf lkocgcamca lnaeca dcrc trclksk`acg, lcgcb crtkca
pngcmscacca pr`sns hksaksayc hnrocgca lnaeca dcrc m`avnask`acg. Y`pugcrktcs NXY lk Kal`anskc lktca-
lck lnaeca pnaeeuacca TCY `gnf Cstrc pclc tcfua 3;;9ca. \rnal pnaeeuacca NXY lk Kal`anskc hca-
ycm lkpnaecrufk `gnf hcaycmayc pnruscfcca cskae ycae bnalkrkmca pchrkmayc lk Kal`anskc. Tndcrc
`t`bctks, skstnb kaj`rbcsk ycae lkeuacmca lk pnruscfcca kalum, ouec lkeuacmca lk cacm pnruscfcca-
ayc lk Kal`anskc, lnaeca pnrtkbhcaeca mnbulcfca katnercsk lnaeca pusct:. Yclc NXY snalkrk tnroclk
pnruhcfca pcrclkebc lcrk skstnb m`avnask`acg ycae snrhc tnrks`gcsk mn crcf pnaeeuacca kaj`rbctk`a
tnma`g`ek ycae gnhkf tnrkatnercsk bnaefcskgmca cgkrca kaj`rbcsk ycae gnhkf gcadcr pclcgnvng `recaksc-
sk`acg bcupua lnpcrtnbnatcg
7/21/2019 Pengenalan ERP (Enterprice Resource Planning)
13/16
34
Tkstnb NXY (Natnrprksn Xns`urdn Ygcaakae)
Yr`lum NXY hnrmnbhcae bnaoclk hcaycm b`lng, lca bugck hnrbuadugca vcrkcsk b`lug snpnrtk DXB,
SB, TXB lca gcka snhceckayc, pclc tcfua 899>ca. Yclc bcsc kak pugc, pnruscfcca bugck bnrcscmca
lcbpcm K\, cpcmcf K\ hnacr-hnacr lcpct bnbhcatu mkanroc pnruscfcca ctcu tklcm.
Bcscgcf utcbc ycae hcaycm lkfclcpk `gnf pnruscfcca lcgcb pnbkgkfca NXY clcgcf hkcyc. Fcrec
NXY ycae rngctkvn bcfcg bnaoclk pnrtkbhcaeca utcbc lcgcb pnbkgkfca pcmnt NXY ycae cmca lkeu-
acmca. Bnmkpua clc NXY ycae `pna s`urdn, acbua lcgcb mnayctccaayc rngctkvn sugkt uatum lkkbpgn-
bnatcskmca.
Ycmnt NXY ycae hcaycm lkeuacmca lk Kal`anskc clcgcf @rcdgn Jkacadn lca TCY X/4. Lkbcac bcs-
kae-bcskae pcmnt bnbkgkmk mnmurcaeca lca mngnhkfca. TCY X/4 lkmnacg lnaeca mngnaemcpca b`lug
lca katnercskayc ycae hckm. Tngcka ktu, TCY X/4 ouec bnbkgkmk m`atr`g cmsns ycae hckm. Tnhcgkmayc,
TCY X/4 rngctkj gnhkf bcfcg lkhcalkaemca @rcdgn Jkacadn lca kbpgnbcatcskayc rngctkvn gnhkf rubkt.
TCY X/4 gnhkf hcaycm lkeuacmca lk Kal`anskc, snfkaeec pngctkfca lca pcmcr lk hklcae kak dumup
bulcf lktnbumca. Lcgcb mnayctccaayc, hnhnrcpc pnruscfcca bnaeeuacmca echuaeca lcrk mnluca-
yc uatum bnaocgcamca pr`sns hksaks pnruscfcca. Tngcka luc pcmnt NXY lkctcs, Bkdr`s`jt Cxcptc ouec
dumup hcaycm lkeuacmca, mcrnac sngkskf fcrec ycae dumup hcaycm lcrk TCY X/4 bcupua @rcdgn.
Mnhutufca cmca dust`bkzn pclc pcmnt NXY ycae tklcm hnacr-hnacr lkmucsck `gnf vnal`r, bnaynhch-
mca fcskg kbpgnbnatcsk tklcm snsuck lnaeca mnhutufca pnruscfcca, hckm mcrycwca bcupua t`p bca-
cenbnat. @gnf mcrnac ktu, lcgcb tcfcp pnruhcfca skstnb pnruscfcca mn NXY, snhckmayc pnruscfcca
bnadcrk pnalcpct lcrk pkfcm mntkec, bkscgayc prcmtksk ctcu m`asugtca K\ ycae hnrskjct kalnpnalna,
uatum bnaefkalcrk d`akdt `j katnrnst catcrc vnal`r lca pnruscfcca.
Ecbhcr 8.3 Ttrumtur Tkstnb NXY
7/21/2019 Pengenalan ERP (Enterprice Resource Planning)
14/16
3
Tkstnb NXY (Natnrprksn Xns`urdn Ygcaakae)
YNA^\^Y
4.3 Mnskbpugca
Clcayc snhucf skstnb NXY pclc snhucf pnruscfcca hngub bnaocbka mnsumsnsca pr`sns hksaksayc.
Hcaycm fcg ycae lcpct bnaeececgmcaayc, snpnrtk gkaemuaeca lca hulcyc pnruscfcca ycae tngcf ocuf
gnhkf gcbc clc. Lkbcac NXY tnrmclcae bnauatut pnruhcfca hulcyc pnruscfcca cecr snsuck lna-
ecapcdmcen lcrk NXY ktu snalkrk. Tnhcgkmayc, tnrmclcae lnaeca clcayc NXY pnruscfcca lcpct gnhkf
tnrctur lca tnrtctc pr`sns hksaksayc.
Ynrtkbhcaeca utcbc pnanrcpca NXY lk pnruscfcca-pnruscfcca Kal`anskc clcgcf bnaenack lcac,
snfkaeec pnbkgkfca uatum pnaeeuacca kak hnacr-hnacr fcrus lkpkmkrmca sndcrc bctcae snsuck lnaeca
mnhutufca pnruscfcca. Lcgcb tugksca kak hnhnrcpc fcg lcpct lktcrkm mnskbpugca hcfwc ?
Ynaeeuacca NXY lk Kal`anskc bcskf hngub bcmskbcg lcgcb bnalumuae mkanroc hnhnrcpc pnrsuc-
fcca.
Ynbkgkfca NXY hksc lksnsuckmca lnaeca mnhutufca lcrk pnruscfcca lcgcb pnaenbhcaeca kaj`r-
bcsk hksaksayc, hckm ktu sndcrc pcmnt ctcupua pnr b`lug.
NXY lk Kal`anskc lksnlkcmca `gnf hnhnrcpc Znal`r ycae lcgcb cpgkmcskayc scaect lkhutufmca
pnrskcpca ycae bctcae lcrk pnruscfcca uatum bnbutusmca pnaeeuacca NXY.
Ynaenbhcaeca systnb Katnracg bnaoclk cgtnractkvn ycae hckm, lnaeca pnrtkbhcaeca lcac lca
m`bpgnskvktcs lcrk hksaks lcgcb pnruscfcca.
HCH
KK
3>
7/21/2019 Pengenalan ERP (Enterprice Resource Planning)
16/16
3:
Tcrca
Ucgcu Bcmcgcf kak tncf scbpck lk uouae mcgkbct, Ynayusua bcskf bnaefcrcpmca mrktkm snrtc scrca
ycae lcpct lkg`atcrmca `gnf pnbhcdc snpnrtk tngcf lkskaeeuae snhngubayc lkmctc pnaecatcr. buaemka
lnaeca mrktkm ktu, pnaugks hksc bnaenbhcaemca lca lcpct bnaynbpuracmca bcmcgcf lk mnlnpcaayc.
4.8 Lcjtcr Yustcmc
fttp?//kl.wkmkpnlkc. re/wkmk/YnrnadcaccaPsubhnrPlcycPpnruscfcca#Tnocrcf
fttp?//ssk.stkm`b.nlu/nrp-a`t-nrp/
fttp?//gppb.uakvnrsktcsczzcfrc.cd.kl/pnanrcpca-tnma g`ek-natnrprksn-rns`urdns-pgcaakae-lk-pnrusc-
fcca-kal`anskc/fttp?//klantmu.d`b/natnrprksn-rns`urdn-pgcaakae-nrp
fttp?//g`atcr.uk.cd.kl/gn0gn2lkektcg/38>;4>->5>8-Ynaecruf%89pnanrcpca-Gktnrctur.plj
fttp?//gkhrcry.hkaus.cd.kl/nD`ggs/n\fnsksl`d/Hch8/\TC-8933-9986%898.plj
fttp?//na.wkmkpnlkc.`re/wkmk/TCYPCE
fttp?//Yntrc.cd.kl - Nlly Murakcwca TBKM CBKM@B
fttp?//kl.wkmkpnlkc.`re/wkmk/TkstnbPkaj`rbcsk Q Lnaktk`a `j Cppgkdctk`a Gcalsdcpn. T`jtwcrn
Naekannrkae j`r Huskanss Kaj`rbctk`a Tystnbs (snhks). Oca 83, 899;. Lkcmsns Ocaucry 3