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Pedometers in the School Setting. Chuck Morgan Arizona State University. Why Physical Activity?. Surgeon General’s Report, Health People 2010 Health Benefits from minimal PA Definitions of physical activity and fitness - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Why Physical Activity?
• Surgeon General’s Report, Health People 2010– Health Benefits from minimal PA
• Definitions of physical activity and fitness
• Focus on the process (Physical Activity) rather than the product (Fitness)
• History of Physical Activity paradigm
Blair and Connelly (1996)
0
20
40
60
80
100
Sedentray Low Moderate High
Activity/Fitness Level
Redu
ctio
n in
Cor
onar
y M
orta
lity
Leon et al. (1987)
Morris et al. (1990)
Shaper & Wannamethee(1991)
Ekelund et al. (1988)
Lie, Mundal, & Erikcssen(1993)
Sandvik et al. (1993)
Focusing on the Product
• Fitness Testing/Skill Assessment– Genetics and trainability– Age
• Have we turned people off from physical activity by focusing on fitness?
Focusing on the Process:Physical Activity…
• Provides success for all students
• Helps the unskilled and obese children
• Has long and short term health benefits
• Increases likelihood of becoming an active adult
• Reaches beyond P.E. class
Assessing Physical Activity• How do you measure physical activity?
– Parent ask you “How active is my child?”
• Instruments must be…– Valid– Reliable– Cost-effective– Unobtrusive– Easy to use
• Pedometers
Basic Uses for Pedometers in Schools
• Promoting physical activity outside of PE
• Teaching students about physical activity
• Enhancing public relations
• Improving instruction
• Providing accountability
• Integrating other subjects
• How many steps are they getting?
Promoting physical activity outside of PE
• Promote walking, biking, skating, etc. to school 1 mile or less (Health People 2010 objective)
• Provide a safe area to store bicycles, skateboards, roller blades, etc.
• Provide supervised access to facilities before/after school, during recess/lunch
• Provide physical activity equipment that can be checked out before/after school, during recess/lunch
Promoting physical activity outside of PE
• Organize intramurals before/after school, during recess/lunch that are gender equitable
• Promote physical activity outside of school with various organizations (youth sports, scouts, clubs, etc.)
• Organize a “pedometer walking club” before/after school, during recess/lunch
Promoting physical activity outside of PE
• Promote family physical activity (PE nights at school)– Games and activities to teach the family
• Pass the pedometer
• Pedometer chore time
• Errands with a pedometer
• Testing different activities
• Family dance night
• More
• Allow students to earn the “Presidential Active Lifetime Award”
Presidential Active Lifestyle Award (PALA)
• Alternative to Fitness Awards– How many earn the PPFA?
• Parallels national health objectives• Who can earn it?
– Anyone, regardless of fitness or motor skill ability
• How do you earn it?– 11K girls, 13K (6 weeks of 5 days per week) or– 60 minutes of daily activity (self-report)
• Log activity on-line or on log sheet www.indiana/~preschal
PALA• Award includes an emblem, certificate, & stickers • Other awards– I am the proud parent of PALA
winner• Active Lifestyle Model School www.indiana/~
preschal• Cautions
– Low active children –3-5K (goal setting 10%)– 1st-3rd grade– Extrinsic award – but hopefully manifests into Intrinsic
motivation – “Love to be active”– Benefits outweigh the risks
Teaching Students About Physical Activity
• How active are you?
• Get students thinking about different types of physical activity (pyramid)
• Let all children experience success while being physically active
• Allow youngsters to find out how active they are with immediate feedback
Determining Baseline Step Counts
• 4-5 days of data for elementary students
• 8 or more for adolescents
• Physical education, during school, or all day
• Students or adults record
• Set goals using this data
Teaching Goal Setting
• Set goals for a lesson, a day, or a week• Goals should be a percentage of the
baseline data (5-10%)• 10,000 steps ?????• Individual Goals
– Based on percent increase
• Cooperative Goals– Group total or group average
Enhancing Public Relations
• Parental involvement
• Letters home about pedometers
• Allow students to check pedometers out
• Family activity nights using pedometers
• Invite parents to a physical education lesson
• Let parents wear pedometers during open houses
Improving Instruction
• How active are your students during a lesson?• What can impact activity level?
– Management time
– Instructional time
– Teacher role-modeling
– Environment
– Lesson type/Activities selected
• Diagnosing students with low activity levels
Providing Accountability
• How can you demonstrate you are teaching? Are your students learning?– Skill Assessment– Fitness Testing– Assessing Physical Activity Using Pedometers
• During physical education
• During school
• Outside of school
Integrating Other Subjects
• Math
• History
• Health
• Computers (log activity on-line)
• English/Writing
• Science
Issues for Schools
• Funding and Purchasing
• Loss
• Rules and Routines– “You shake it, we take it”– Checking Out– Recording Data
• Introducing pedometers to the school
How many steps are they getting?Figure 1. Boys’ percentage of daily step counts (expected average step counts), by context
PE12% (1,600)
School29% (3,800)
Outside school
59% (7,600)
Figure 2. Girls’ percentage of daily step counts (expected average step counts), by context
PE12% (1,300)
School26% (2,900)
Outside school62% (6,800)
