Upload
matthew-simmons
View
217
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
PEDIATRIC NURSINGPEDIATRIC NURSINGCaring For Children Caring For Children and Their Familiesand Their Families
PEDIATRIC NURSINGPEDIATRIC NURSINGCaring For Children Caring For Children and Their Familiesand Their Families
MODULE 1MODULE 1
What is Pediatric Nursing?
• Caring for children and families• Promoting health and wellness
through– Clinical practice– Education– Research– Advocacy
Special Competencies• Medication dosage calculation• Pediatric-specific skills• Neonatal, infant and child resuscitation• Play therapy• Family-centered care• Developmentally appropriate care and
communication
Peds Nursing Issues• Safety of culture and environment• Access to healthcare• Divorce, abuse, drug use-
exposure in home• Lack of prenatal care and
appropriate screenings• Violence and bullying in school
• Injury and accidents• Nutrition and obesity rates; eating
disorders• Peer pressure, drug and alcohol use• Sexual activity and rates of STD and
teen pregnancy• Mental health• Child abuse and neglect
Care Settings• Acute care- hospital setting• Critical care hospital unit• Specialty clinics for children with
special needs• Public health department• School • Home health and hospice care• Primary care facilities
Definition or Family• Family is who they say they are• Biological • Legal• Emotional• Two or more persons• Nuclear, alternative, adoptive,
foster, and group
Growth and Development
• Growth vs Development• Freud• Erickson• Paiget
• Kohlberg- moral (won’t focus on)
Communication• Techniques• Verbal• Nonverbal• Purpose??
• Infant• Toddlers• Preschoolers• School age• Adolescent
Emotional Factors• Separation anxiety• Stranger anxiety• Tantrums• Depression• Self image• Insecurity
Safety/Accident Prevention
• Environmental• Equipment• Medication• Anticipatory guidance• Risk factors
Pain Management• Nonpharmacologic• Pharmacologic
– Non-opioid– Opioid
Anatomic Differences• Respiratory
– Small, short, narrow airways– Obligatory nosebreathers
• Skin– Larger body surface area– Increase fluid loss– Problems with temp regulation
• Cardiac– Increased heart rate– Congenital anomalies– Decreased blood pressure– Increased oxygen demand– Increased metabolic demand
• Renal– Kidneys less able to concentrate urine– Increased specific gravity– Small changes=big consequences– Differing lab values by age group– Small bladder capacity– Prevent UTI– 1-2mL/kg/hr
• GI– Feces changes based on diet and age– Dietary inclusions– Allergies– Congenital disorders
• Neuro– Primitive reflexes– Replaced slowly with gross and fine
motor movement
• Hematology– Rapid heart rate and higher
hematocrit increase oxygen delivery– Lab results vary by age group
• Immune– Need acquired immunity in infancy– Immunizations– Immature immune system
• Musculoskeletal– Spurts and lulls– Mastery of motor skills is influenced
by environment and stimulation– Highly individualized
• Endocrine– Inability to regulate blood glucose
levels for first few years