Paediatrics Lecture NotesContentsOSCE stations Preface Acknowledgements Further reading How to use your textbook About the companion website Part 1 Essentials of paediatrics1 Children and their health 1.1 Global Child Health 1.2 Child mortality and morbidity in the UK 1.3 Children in society 1.4 Child health in the community 1.5 Social aspects of child health and care 1.6 Children in hospital Summary

2 Parents and children: listening and talking 2.1 History-taking and diagnosis 2.2 The consultation 2.3 Adolescence Summary

3 Examination of children 3.1 A system of examination3.2 Growth and nutrition3.3 Dental development 3.4 Sexual development 3.5 Systems examination Summary

4 Emergency paediatrics 4.1 Basic life support 4.2 Recognition of impending or imminent collapse 4.3 Paediatric advanced life support 4.4 Recognition of the ill child Summary

Part 2 Normal and abnormal in childhood: growth, development behaviour and prevention5 Genetics 5.1 The human genome 5.2 Genetic mechanisms of disease 5.3 Investigations 5.4 Approach to suspected genetic disease Summary

6 Fetal medicine 6.1 Control of fertility 6.2 Antenatal and pre-pregnancy care 6.3 Congenital malformations 6.4 Embryonic growth and development Summary

7 Birth and the newborn infant 7.1 The effects of birth on the fetus 7.2 Perinatal asphyxia and its prevention 7.3 Routine care of the normal baby 7.4 Examination of the newborn 7.5 Birth injury (physical trauma) 7.6 Congenital malformations Summary

8 Disorders of the newborn 8.1 Birthweight and gestation 8.2 The preterm baby 8.3 The small-for-gestational age (SGA) baby 8.4 The newborn term infant

Summary 9 Child development and how to assess it 9.1 Normal development 9.2 Developmental assessment 9.3 Notes and memory aids 9.4 Limitations of developmental assessment Summary

10 Learning problems 10.1 Medical causes of educational difficulty 10.2 Early diagnosis and assessment 10.3 Conditions 10.4 School difficulties 10.5 Special educational needs Summary

11 Emotional and behavioural problems 11.1 Attachment 11.2 Types of emotional and behavioural problems 11.3 Causes of emotional and behavioural problems 11.4 Management 11.5 Specific disorders Summary

References 12 Nutrition 12.1 Infant nutrition 12.2 Nutrition of toddlers and school children 12.3 Feeding problems 12.4 Defective nutrition 12.5 Nutrition in chronic disease Summary

13 Abnormal growth and sex development 13.1 Abnormal growth 13.2 Abnormal sex development Summary

14 Immunization and infections 14.1 Immunity 14.2 Immunization 14.3 Anaphylaxis 14.4 Infections Summary

15 Accidents and non-accidents 15.1 Accidents 15.2 Child abuse and neglect 15.3 Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS cot death) Summary

16 Adolescent health 16.1 Approach to consultation 16.3 Physical problems 16.2 Consent 16.4 Psychological problems 16.5 Social problems 16.6 Transition to adult services 16.6 Transition to adult services Reference

Part 3 Systems and specialties17 Neurology 17.1 Seizures 17.2 Seizure types 17.4 Neurodermatoses (neurocutaneous syndromes) 17.5 Infections and infection-related 17.6 Hydrocephalus 17.7 Neural tube defects (spinal dysraphism) 17.9 Headaches 17.10 Space-occupying lesions 17.11 Progressive neuromuscular disorders 17.12 The floppy infant 17.8 Cerebral palsy Summary

18 Ear, nose and throat 18.1 Ear problems 18.2 Nose and sinuses 18.3 Throat Summary

19 Respiratory medicine 19.1 Symptoms of respiratory tract disease 19.2 Upper respiratory tract 19.3 Apnoea 19.4 Influenza 19.5 Lower respiratory tract 19.6 The wheezy child 19.8 Cystic fibrosis 19.7 Asthma Summary

20 Cardiology 20.1 Innocent murmurs 20.2 Changes in circulation at birth 20.4 Neonatal presentations 20.3 Congenital heart disease 20.5 Classification of congenital heart disease 20.6 Surgical treatment of congenital heart disease 20.8 Dysrhythmias 20.7 Cardiac failure 20.9 Hypertension Summary

21 Gastroenterology 21.2 Pathologies Summary

22 Urinary Tract and Genitalia 22.1 Development 22.2 Urine examination 22.3 Congenital anomalies 22.5 Urinary tract infection (UTI) 22.4 Renal disease 22.6 Enuresis 22.7 Male genitalia 22.8 Female genitalia Summary

23 Bones and joints 23.1 Structural variation and congenital abnormalities 23.2 Bone and joint infection 23.3 Arthritis and arthralgia 23.4 Osteochondritis and epiphysitis 23.5 Slipped upper femoral epiphysis Summary

24 Skin 24.1 Birthmarks 24.2 Rashes 24.3 Warts 24.4 Infestations 24.5 Other skin problems covered elsewhere Summary

25 Haematology 25.2 Anaemia 25.3 Coagulation disorders Summary

26 Neoplasia 26.1 Acute leukaemia 26.2 Lymphomas 26.3 Central nervous system tumours 26.4 Neuroblastoma 26.5 Wilms tumour (nephroblastoma) 26.6 Bone tumours 26.7 Treatment of childhood malignancy Summary Reference

27 Endocrine and metabolic disorders 27.1 Diabetes mellitus 27.2 Hypoglycaemia 27.3 Thyroid disease 27.4 The adrenal glands 27.5 Growth hormone deficiency 27.6 Diabetes insipidus 27.7 Inborn errors of metabolism Summary

Part 4 After paediatrics28 Preparing for clinical examinations in paediatrics and child health 29 Safe prescribing 30 Careers in paediatrics 30.1 Why consider paediatrics? 30.2 Is paediatrics for me? 30.3 Career options 30.4 Training and exams 30.5 Developing your interest Summary

Self-testExtended matching questions Answers to extended matching questions

Paediatric symptom sorter Index