Pec Based Electrical Wiring Design Simulator for Commercial Units

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PEC based Electrical Wiring Design Simulator

for Commercial Units

A Thesis Submitted to the School

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the DegreeBachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering

by

Macenas, Beldani S.

Rabena, Joshua Bryle L.

Santos, Angelo B.

Mapúa Institute of Technology

June 2014


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Apart from our efforts, the success of this study cannot be fulfilled without the

encouragement and guidance of many people. We want to take this opportunity to express

our deepest gratitude to those people who help and support us in the completion of this study.

First and foremost, we would like to express our deepest appreciation to our thesis

advisers, Engr. Federico Cudia and Gorgonio Vallestero II for their continuous support of our

thesis work, for their patience, motivation, enthusiasm, and immense knowledge. Without

their constant guidance, endless advices and persistent help, this study would not have been

possible.

To the EECE faculty member, Engr. Jose Ferlino Raymundo, who gave us some

references for our study, for his knowledge and advices he imparted to us.

To Mr. Michael Angelo S. Ymana, who helped us in the coding and debugging of the

program.

To our beloved families who are always there to help and support us not onlyfinancially but most importantly through their motivation, constant guidance, encouragement,

and love. Their presence is the reason behind our persistence to finish this dissertation.

Last but not the least, to our God Almighty, for answering our prayers for giving us

the strength to plod on despite our constitution wanting us to give up and throw in the towel,

thank you so much Dear Lord.


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TABLE OF CONTENTSTITLE PAGE i

APPROVAL PAGE ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS iv

Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 1

Chapter 2: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 3

2.1 The Philippine Electrical Code 3

2.2 The National Electrical Code 3

2.3 Difference between PEC and NEC 4

2.4 Electrical Wiring Design Simulator Applications 8

2.5 Operation of the electrical load calculation 9

2.6 The Programming Language and Database to be used 9

Related Studies

2.7 Design Master Electrical 11

2.8 Power Load Calculator 12

Chapter 3: PEC BASED ELECTRICAL WIRING DESIGN SIMULATOR FOR

COMMERCIAL UNITS

Abstract 13

Introduction 13

Methodology 15

3.1 Program Development 15

3.2 General Program Flow 18

3.3 Graphical User Interface 20


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3.4 Dropdown lists of possible loads 23

3.5 Comparison of Software and Manual Calculation 25

3.6 Software Screenshots 29

3.7 Sample Load Calculation 32

Chapter 4: CONCLUSION 34

Chapter 5: RECOMMENDATIONS 35

REFERENCES 36

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A : Definition of Terms 37

APPENDIX B: Tables and Sections from PEC 38


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Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Electrical design analysis is essential and is always needed for electrical contracts.

Electrical software is created to produce faster, accurate and precise results. It also provides

better time management, which plays a key role in our society.

This problem of time consuming computation has been resolved, a software used as an

estimation tool has been invented for electrical contractors to use. There are also other

programs in the market which are available but not PEC-based and some applications

require other softwares for it to be accessible which makes it more complex and are licensed

thus making it expensive.

Programs in the market are expensive and not user-friendly to the engineers, the group

decided to make a program PEC (Philippine Electrical Code) Based Electrical Wiring

Design Simulator for Commercial Units which is simple to use and Philippine Electrical

Code-based calculations which can also be useful for licensed electrical practitioners.

The objective of this research is to make a PEC based Electrical Wiring Design simulator

for commercial units. The group will test all possible load conditions and compare manual

calculations of loads. Furthermore, test on manual and software calculations would address

the effectiveness of the software.

Today’s students use estimating programs to organize and optimize their projects. The

calculation is used as a tool to speed up calculations, and there is nothing that builds the

Electrical Wiring Design Simulator can be useful in doing for calculation and estimation for


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student and engineer in the projects that has been professionally prepared and printed using

an Electrical Wiring Design Simulator. The program that has the ability to compute conduit

sizes, using Philippine Electrical Code tables. This software will aid electrical engineering

students in analysing electrical designs and load schedules.

The software will only cover commercial unit’s electrical design analysis that could be

used by electrical students and licensed electrical. The calculations are PEC-based which

covers electrical designs. The program will be Visual Basic. The program to be created will

be PEC based computations only. The commercial buildings that will only be covered are

restaurants, offices, clubs and administration. The database to be used is Microsoft Office

Access 2007. The expenses of the equipment and illumination are not included since today’s

industries have different perspective of designing a commercial establishment as the designs

cater to technological innovation.


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Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 The Philippine Electrical Code

The Philippine Electrical Code is used nationally as the basis for safeguarding people,

buildings and its contents from hazards that may arise from the use of electricity. This code

contains provisions which are considered necessary for safety and thus is used as a basis for

the legal enforcement in the installation of electrical system design in the country.

(Philippine Electrical Code 2009, Part 1 Volume 1)

2.2 The National Electrical Code

The National Electrical Code (NEC), or NFPA 70, is a regionally adopted standard for

the safe installation of electrical wiring and equipment in the United States. The NEC, while

having no legal binding regulation as written, can be and often is adopted by states,

municipalities and cities in an effort to standardize their enforcement of safe electrical

practices within their respective jurisdiction. In some cases, the NEC is amended, altered

and may even be rejected in lieu of regional regulations as voted on by the governing bodies

of any given locale.

The NEC codifies the requirements for safe electrical installations into a single,

standardized source. It is part of the National Fire Codes series published by the National

Fire Protection Association (NFPA), and while not itself a U.S. law, NEC use is commonly

mandated by state or local law. (National Electrical Code 2008)


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2.3 Difference between PEC and NEC

The main difference between the two is that the PEC calculations depend on the 120-230

V ac source and operating frequency of 60 Hz, while the NEC uses a basis of 110 V ac

source and frequencies lower than 60 Hz where the sizes of the wiring also differs from each

other’s table.


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Table 2.3.1 NEC table of wir es to its corresponding ampaciti es


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Table 2.3.2 General L ighting Load for dif ferent occupancies


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Table 2.3.3 Min imum Size Equi pment Grounding Conductors


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2.4 Electrical Wiring Design Simulator Applications

The main goal of the Electrical Wiring Design Simulator is to lessen the time needed in

processing the computation of different types of load which the students involved in the

design subject; there are some factors that make this very important to the electrical

practitioners at the present time.

As technology became part of the civilization of mankind, it developed the major key

benefit of speed. Technology makes our work easier and a lot faster. In the field of the

electrical design and construction, speed became an advantage in saving time and money in

computing and estimating the number and length of wires to be used as well as its sizes.

This is made possible with the help of a computer which is a major technical advancement

in the field of Science and Engineering.

Next, the group deals with consistency as the third main reason why Electrical Wiring

Design Simulator is very important for today’s electrical engineering students. By doing

calculations with the help of technology, it is assured that the output would be consistent

that would be very helpful in adjusting future calculations in order to avoid overruns. In

addition to that, consistency implies that a more specific estimate can be made than by just

having wild guesses.

Next, there is a reason of properly implying the importance of project management for

any construction project at hand. Various people involved will be able to help one another

in the multitude of tasks included in the whole project from start to finish with an efficient

way of creating the interface amongst each other.


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2.5 Operation of the electrical load calculation

Electrical Load Calculation is done by using a program that will calculate the electrical

loads to be used in an electrical layout. There are many program languages readily available

in the market like C++, C#, Java, VB.net. Through a thorough research the language that

this program will be using is the VB.net or simply Visual Basic.

2.6 The Programming Language and Database to be used

Although Java can be considered as the programming language to be used in the industry,

it requires a lot of knowledge in cross platform development or web programming.

Furthermore, Java is not a fully compiled language and it uses an intermediate byte code

that is run using an interpreter.

Since the group’s knowledge in programming is limited, Visual Basic is another option.

VB may also be used for web development similar to Java, sort of the same, but different

approach for web development. An advantage of this program is that it is easier to use and

you can develop some things fairly fast.

The term “ Personal Programming” refers to the idea that, wherever you work, whatever

you do, you can expand your computer’s usefulness by writing ap plications to use in your

own job. Personal Programming is what Visual Basic is all about.

Visual basic is not only a programming language, but also a complete graphical

development environment. This environment allows users with little programming

experience to quickly develop useful Microsoft Windows applications which have the

ability to use OLE (Object Linking and Embedding) objects, such as an Excel spreadsheet.


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Visual basic’s main selling point is the ease with which it allows the user to create nic e

looking, graphical programs with little coding by the programmer, unlike many other

languages that make take hundreds of lines of programmer keyed code.

All in all, VB is the preferred language of many future programmers. If you want to start

programming Windows, and don’t know how to start, then Visual Basic is the program for

you.


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Related Studies

2.7 Design Master Electrical

This program is somewhat similar to the Electrical Load Calculation Simulator. Design

Master Electrical is an integrated electrical building design and drafting program that runs

on top of AutoCAD. Drafting features include light fixture layouts, one line riser diagrams,

panel schedules, fully customizable graphics, circuit looping, automatic tick marks, and

switching. Calculation features include circuit load totals, breaker sizing, feeder sizing, fault

current calculations, voltage drop, and photo-metrics.

F igure 2.1 Design M aster Electrical


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2.8 Power Load Calculator

This software is readily accessible to the public because it is a website. This tool is also

related to the proposed design which will help calculate the load on a circuit to see if it is

excessive. This software also calculates the minimum circuit breaker size for the given load.

This is very useful when its user are in pre-production as they will easily be able to calculate

in advance whether or not you will need an external generator, and how many. But this

program does not calculate sizes of wires.

F igure 2.2 Power Load Calculator


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CHAPTER 3

PHILIPPINE ELECTRICAL CODE BASED ELECTRICAL WIRING DESIGN

SIMULATOR FOR COMMERCIAL UNITS

Abstract

Electrical Design Analysis created a program in Electrical Software which produces

faster and precise results in estimations and calculations for Electrical designs. These

programs that are available in the market are expensive and National Electrical Code (NEC)

based. The research has come up with an Electrical Wiring Design Simulator for

Commercial Establishments application using the Philippine Electrical Code. The study will

consider manual computations and compare it with the software calculation output that

would address the effectiveness software and high demand factor.

Keywords: Electrical Wiring Design Simulator, Philippine Electrical Code, demand factor

Introduction

As the technology became part of the civilization of mankind, it developed the major key

benefit of speed. Technology makes our work easier and a lot faster. In the field of the

electrical design and construction, speed became an advantage in saving time and money in

computing and estimating the number and length of wires to be used as well as its sizes.

This is made possible with the help of computer which is a major technical advancement in

the field of Science and Engineering.


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The Electrical Wiring Design Simulator’s main goal is to lessen the time needed in

processing the computation of different types of load which the students involved in the

design subject; there are some factors that make this very important to the licensed electrical

practitioners.

The fast- paced lifestyle of today’s generation, people would settle for something that

would make their work faster and of course, accurate. With the advantage of the Electrical

Wiring Design Manager as being accurate, electrical engineering students are able to track

various multitudes of orders as well as status of the installation and stored materials by

performing a fast and accurate estimation of loads.


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Methodology

3.1 Program Development

F igure 3.1 Program Development Flow


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3.1.1 Review of Electrical Design based on Philippine Electrical Code

Familiarizing concepts of electrical design were essential to formulate the step-by-step

process of the program. The study requires knowledge of both construction and computation

of load schedule table and design analysis computation.

3.1.2 Structural Modeling of System Cases

This process involves the creation of different possible cases and combinations of the

required inputs. Four major cases are established, these are the types of commercial units to

be considered: restaurant, club, office and administration building.

3.1.3 Mathematical Modeling of System Cases

This process involves the formulation of equations to be used in computation for the

desired results. Different cases require different equations and concepts. The said four major

cases have different demand factors to be used and different calculation methods.

3.1.4 Testing of Sample Electrical Designs

Sample for every cases are to be tested. Different types of commercial units and different

loads are considered to test the results accuracy.

3.1.5 Comparing Program Results from Manual Computation Results

The program outcomes and results are compared to the manual computation results to see

if there are discrepancies with the values.


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3.1.6 Data Verification

If the program gives results equal to the manual computation, the results in considered to

be valid. All the cases’ results must be proved to be valid for the program to be called

accurate.

3.1.7 Data Interpretation

This process involves the analysis of the data that the program gives. The program gives

faster and accurate results; therefore the program is time efficient and accurate.


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3.2 General Program Flow

F igure 3.2 General Program F low


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3.2.1 Input Data

The user will select the type of commercial unit and input all the required data in creating

a load schedule table and design analysis.

3.2.2 Construction of Load Schedule Table

Loads that are inputted by the user is now then put in the load schedule. It includes a

circuit number, description of loads, rating, rated current, circuit breaker ratings, size of

wires and conduit size.

3.2.3 Perform Computation

The program performs two different types of computation: load schedule computation

and design analysis. For the load schedule table, the program computes for the rated current

and gives the size of the wires, conduit size and circuit breaker ratings for each load. Also

for load schedule table, it computes the overall current and gives the size of the wires,

conduit size and circuit breaker rating. For design analysis computation, the program only

computes for the overall current and gives the size of the wires, conduit size and circuit

breaker rating.

3.2.4 Display Results

The program displays the computed results in the load schedule table and the

computation of the design analysis in its dedicated platform. In the load schedule table, it

displays the size of the wires, conduit size and circuit breaker rating of each load and also

the main feeder size of wires and main circuit breaker ratings. While on the design analysis

platform, it only displays the main feeder size of wires and main circuit breaker ratings.


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3.2.5 Save

If the user is satisfied with the design, one can choose to save it or discard the design. If

the user chose to save the file, the program will produce two file types: text file for design

analysis and excel file for the load schedule table.


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3.3 Graphical User Interface

F igure 3.3.1 I nitial Draft

The first draft GUI (general user interface) which contains only limited options and

doesn’t include Design Analysis.


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F igure 3.3.2 Draft

The GUI that includes Design Analysis and provides more options. It also contains more

data and outputs the results of the program.


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3.4 Dropdown lists of possible loads

F igure 3.4.1 Motor Loads

F igure 3.4.2 Kitchen Loads

F igure 3.4.3 Spare


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F igure 3.4.4 Lighting Loads

F igure 3.4.5 Convenience Outlet

F igure 3.4.5 Other L oads


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3.5 Comparison of Software and Manual Calculation

F igure 3.5.1 Administration Software Calculation

F igure 3.5.2 Admini stration Manual Calculation


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F igure 3.5.3 Club Software Calculation

F igure 3.5.4 Club Manual Calculation


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F igure 3.5.5 Off ice Software Calculation

F igure 3.5.6 Offi ce Manual Calculation


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F igure 3.5.7 Restaurant Software Calculation

F igure 3.5.8 Restaurant M anual Calculation


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3.6 Software Screenshots

F igure 3.6.1 – Main Screen of the program

Main Screen of the program

The figure shows the main screen of the program

It displays the work area of the program

To save a file, select the Save button

To exit the program, select File and click Exit or simply the Exit button


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F igure 3.6.2 – Load Schedule and Design Analysis Window

Load Schedule and Design Analysis Window

This is where the user inputs the required data for the program.

Click Add button to input details to the Load Schedule.

After the inputs are supplied, click Compute to display the computations.

Click the Save button to save the file as an excel file.


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F igure 3.6.3 – Excel F il e and Text F il e Window

Excel File and Text File Window

This is the window where the user opens a file.


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3.7 Sample Load Calculation

Screenshot from the software, the Design Analysis

F igure 3.6.4 – Design Analysis

General Light Load Formula

General Lighting Load = (Total Floor Area) x (Multiplier from table 2.20.2.3)

General Lighting Load = (450m2) x (28)

General Lighting Load = 12,600 VA


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Small Appliances at 180VA per convenience outlet

Small Appliances = (180 VA – table 2.20.2.5(i)) x (Number of Convenience Outlets)

Small Appliances = (180 VA) (9)

Small Appliances = 1,620 VA

Application of Demand Factor

From table 2.20.3.5

First 10kVa or less at 100%

Remainder over 10kVa at 50%

From figure – Design Analysis

Subtotal = 11,530 VA

Application of First 10kVa : 13,059 VA - 10,000 VA = 3059 VA

Remainder 3059 VA at 50% = (3059 VA) x (0.50) = 1,530 VA

For IT (Total Ampacity)

IT = Total Load / 230 Volts

IT = 7,518 VA / 230 Volts

IT = 32.69

Sizes of wires, breaker, and conduis

For wires, table 3.10.1.16

For breakers, table 2.40.1.6

For conduit, table C8 of page 1,570


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Chapter 4

CONCLUSION

Electrical Design Analysis created a program in Electrical Software which produces

faster and precise results in estimations and calculations for Electrical designs. These

programs that are available in the market are expensive and National Electrical Code (NEC)

based. The research has come up with an Electrical Wiring Design Simulator for

Commercial Establishments application using the Philippine Electrical Code. The study will

consider manual computations and compare it with the software calculation output that

would address the effectiveness software and high demand factor.


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Chapter 5

RECOMMENDATIONS

This topic suggests that it covers more commercial buildings since the group focuses only

to office, club, restaurant, and administration buildings where corresponding demand factors

are to be considered from different commercial buildings. Updated wires should also be

considered as it varies with respect to time. Also, it is recommended for this program to be

developed so that it can also be used in industrial projects.

The expenses of equipments and illumination have not been included since today’s

industries have different perspective of designing in commercial establishment design

catered to technological innovation.


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REFERENCES

Philippine Electrical Code, Part 1 Volume 1, 2009

National Electrical Code, 2008

SQL Cookbook by Anthony Molinaro, December 2005

Root, Randal; Romero Sweeney, Mary (2006). A tester's guide to .NET programming

"The Birth of Visual Basic". Rian " Petot " Danao I

Programming Python, 3rd Edition By Mark Lutz, August 2006

http://www.forestmoon.com/BIRTHofVB/BIRTHofVB.htmlhttp://www.forestmoon.com/BIRTHofVB/BIRTHofVB.htmlhttp://www.forestmoon.com/BIRTHofVB/BIRTHofVB.html


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APPENDIX A

Definition of Terms

Philippine Electrical Code (PEC). It covers almost every electrical installation in the

Philippines from its design to operation.

National Electrical Code (NEC). It is a United States standard for the safe installation of

electrical wiring and equipment.

Rigid Metal Conduit (RMC). A threadable raceway of circular cross section designed for

the physical protection and routing of conductors and cables and for use as an equipment

grounding conductor when installed with its integral or associated coupling and appropriate

fittings. RMC is generally made of steel (ferrous) with protective coatings or aluminum

(nonferrous). Special use types are red brass and stainless steel.Thermoplastic High Heat-resistant Nylon (THHN). It is appropriate for new construction

or rewiring for 600-volt applications. When used as type THHN, the conductor is suitable

for use in wet or dry location of temperatures not to exceed 90C or not to exceed 75C.

Ampacity. It is the current, in Amperes, that a conductor can carry continuously under the

conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.

Conduit. A duct or tube into which electrical cables may be pulled; a type of raceway.

Demand Factor (DF). Used to refer the fractional amount of some quantity being used

relative to the maximum amount that could be used by the same system.

Circuit Breaker (CB). Is an automatically- operated electrical switch designed to protect an

electrical circuit from damage caused by overload of electricity or short circuit. It is used to

detect a fault condition and, by interrupting continuity, to immediately discontinue Electrical

flow.

AT- Ampere Trip

AF- Ampere Frame

GUI- Graphical User Interface


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APPENDIX B

Tables and Sections from PEC

2.20.1.5 Calculations.

(a) Voltages. Unless other voltages are specified, for purposes of calculating branch-circuit and

feeder loads, nominal system voltages of 115, 115/230, 208Y/120, 230, 347, 400Y/230,

460Y/265, 460, 600Y/347, and 600 volts shall be used.

(b) Fractions of an Ampere. Where calculations result in a fraction of an ampere that is less

than 0.5, such fractions shall be permitted to be dropped.

Table 2.20.2.3 General Lighting Loads by Occupancy

T y p e o f O c c u p a n c y

U n i t L o a d

Arm ories a n d a u d itoriu m 8

B a n k s 2 8 **

2 4

C h u rch es 8

C lu b s 1 6

C ou rt R oom s 1 6

D wellin g u n its * 2 4

G ara g e -C om m erc ia l s tora g e 4

Hos p ita ls 1 6

1 6

1 6

L od g e room s 1 2

O ffic e b u ild in g s 2 8

R es ta u ra n ts 1 6

S ch ools 2 4

S tores 2 4

W a reh ou s e (s tora g e ) 2

8

4

S tora g e s p a ces 2

V o l t- A m p e r e s p e r

S q u a r e M e te r

B ar ber S hops and B eauty

parlors

Hotels an d Motels , inc luding

ap artm ent h ous es without

prov ision for cook ing b y

t e n a n t s *

Ind u s trial com m ercial (loft)

bui lding

In an y of the ab ove

occupanc ies ex cept one-

fam i ly dwe lling s an d

ind ividu al dwe lling u nits oftwo-fam ily an d m u lti-fam ily

d wellin g d wellin g s :

A ssem b ly Hal ls and

auditor iumHalls,corridors,closet,stairway

s


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2.20.2.5 Other Loads — All Occupancies. In all occupancies, the minimum load for

each outlet for general-use receptacles and outlets not used for general illumination shall

not be less than that calculated in 2.20.2.5(a) through (l), the loads shown being based on

nominal branch-circuit voltages.

(i) Receptacle Outlets. Except as covered in 2.20.2.5(j) and (k), receptacle outlets shall

be calculated at not less than 180 volt-amperes for each single or for each multiple

receptacle on one yoke. A single piece of equipment consisting of a multiple receptacle

comprised of four or more receptacles shall be calculated at not less than 90 volt-amperes

per receptacle. This provision shall not be applicable to the receptacle outlets specified in

2.10.1.11(c)(1) and (c)(2).

2.20.3.17 Kitchen Equipment — Other Than Dwelling Unit(s). It shall be permissible

to calculate the load for commercial electric cooking equipment, dishwasher booster

heaters, water heaters, and other kitchen equipment in accordance with Table 2.20.3.17.

These demand factors shall be applied to all equipment that has either thermostatic

control or intermittent use as kitchen equipment. These demand factors shall not apply to

space-heating, ventilating, or air-conditioning equipment. However, in no case shall the

feeder or service calculated load be less than the sum of the largest two kitchen

equipment loads.

Table 2.20.3.17 Demand Factors for Kitchen Equipment — Other Than Dwelling

Unit(s)


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2.20.3.5 Receptacle Loads — Other Than Dwelling Units.

Receptacle loads calculated in accordance with 2.20.2.5(h) and (I) shall be permitted to

be made subject to the demand factors given in Table 2.20.3.3 or Table 2.20.3.5.

Table 2.20.3.5 Demand Factors for Non-dwelling Receptacle Loads

2.20.4.9 New Restaurants. Calculation of a service or feeder load, where the feeder

serves the total load, for a new restaurant shall be permitted in accordance with Table2.20.4.9 in lieu of Part 2.20.3.

The overload protection of the service conductors shall be in accordance with 2.30.7.1

and 2.40.1.4.

Feeder conductors shall not be required to be of greater ampacity than the service

conductors.

Service or feeder conductors whose calculated load is determined by this optional

calculation shall be permitted to have the neutral load determined by 2.20.3.22.

Table 2.20.4.9 Optional Method — Permitted Load Calculations for Service and

Feeder Conductors for New Restaurants


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2.40.1.6 Standard Ampere Ratings.

(a) Fuses and Fixed-Trip Circuit Breakers. The standard ampere ratings for fuses and

inverse time circuit breakers shall be considered 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80,

90, 100, 110, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 600, 700, 800, 1000,

1200, 1600, 2000, 2500, 3000, 4000, 5000, and 6000 amperes. Additional standard

ampere ratings for fuses shall be 1, 3, 6, 10, and 601. The use of fuses and inverse time

circuit breakers with nonstandard ampere ratings shall be permitted.

Table 2.50.6.13 Minimum Size Equipment Grounding Conductors for Grounding

Raceway and Equipment

S iz e m m 2 ( m m d ia . )

C o p p e r

1 5 2 . 0 ( 1 . 6 ) 3 . 5 ( 2 . 0 )

2 0 3 . 5 ( 2 . 0 ) 5 . 5 ( 2 . 6 )

3 0 5 . 5 ( 2 . 6 ) 8 . 0 ( 3 . 2 )

4 0 5 . 5 ( 2 . 6 ) 8 . 0 ( 3 . 2 )

6 0 5 . 5 ( 2 . 6 ) 8 . 0 ( 3 . 2 )

1 0 0 8 . 0 ( 3 . 2 ) 1 4

2 0 0 1 4 2 23 0 0 2 2 3 0

4 0 0 3 0 3 8

5 0 0 3 0 5 0

6 0 0 3 8 6 0

8 0 0 5 0 8 0

1 0 0 0 6 0 1 0 0

1 2 0 0 8 0 1 2 5

1 6 0 0 1 0 0 1 7 5

2 0 0 0 1 2 5 2 0 0

2 5 0 0 1 7 5 3 2 5

3 0 0 0 2 0 0 3 2 5

4 0 0 0 2 5 0 4 0 05 0 0 0 4 0 0 6 0 0

6 0 0 0 4 0 0 6 0 0

R a t i n g o r S e t t i n g o f A u t o m a t i c O v e r c u r r e n t

D e v i c e i n C i r c u i t A h e a d

o f E q u i p m e n t , C o n d u i t , e t c . ,

N o t E x c e e d i ng

( A m p e r e s )

C o p p e r A l u m i n u m o r

C o p p e r - C la d A lu m in u m *


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Table 3.10.1.16 Allowable Ampacities of Insulated Conductors Rated 0 Through

2000 Volts, 60°C Through 90°C (140°F Through 194°F), Not More Than Three

Current-Carrying Conductors in Raceway, Cable, or Earth (Directly Buried), Based

on Ambient Temperature of 30°C (86°F)

T e m p e r a tu r e R at i n g o f C o n d u c t o r ( S e e T a b l e 3 . 1 0 . 1 . 1 3 . )

6 0 ° C 7 5 ° C 9 0 ° C 6 0 ° C 7 5 ° C 9 0 ° C

C o p p e r

2 .0 (1 .6 )* 2 0 2 0 2 5 — — —

3 .5 (2 .0 )* 2 5 2 5 3 0 2 0 2 0 2 5

5 .5 (2 .6 )* 3 0 3 5 4 0 2 5 3 0 3 5

8 .0 (3 .2 ) 4 0 5 0 5 5 3 0 4 0 4 5

1 4 5 5 6 5 7 0 4 0 5 0 6 0

2 2 7 0 8 5 9 0 5 5 6 5 8 0

3 0 9 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 6 5 8 0 90

3 8 1 0 0 1 2 5 1 3 0 7 5 9 0 1 0 5

5 0 1 2 0 1 4 5 1 5 0 9 5 1 1 0 1 2 5

6 0 1 3 5 1 6 0 1 7 0 1 0 0 1 2 0 1 3 5

8 0 1 6 0 1 9 5 2 0 5 1 2 0 1 4 5 1 6 5

1 0 0 1 8 5 2 2 0 2 2 5 1 4 0 1 7 0 1 9 0

1 2 5 2 1 0 2 5 5 2 6 5 1 6 5 2 0 0 2 2 5

1 5 0 2 4 0 2 8 0 2 9 5 1 8 5 2 2 5 2 5 0

1 7 5 2 6 0 3 0 5 3 4 5 2 0 5 2 4 5 2 7 5

2 0 0 2 8 0 3 3 0 3 5 5 2 2 0 2 6 5 3 0 0

2 5 0 3 1 5 3 7 5 4 0 0 2 5 5 3 0 5 3 4 5

3 2 5 3 7 0 4 3 5 4 7 0 3 0 5 3 6 5 4 1 0

3 7 5 3 9 5 4 7 0 5 3 0 3 1 5 3 8 0 4 3 0

4 0 0 4 0 5 4 8 5 5 1 5 3 3 5 4 0 5 4 6 0

5 0 0 4 4 5 5 4 0 5 8 0 3 7 0 4 4 0 4 9 5

C o n d u c t o r

S i z e m m 2 ( m m

d i a . )T y p e s

T W , U F

T y p e s

R H W ,

T H H W ,

T H W ,

T H W N ,

X H H W ,

U S E , Z W

T y p e s

T B S , S A ,

S I S , F E P ,

F E P B ,

M I , R H H ,

R H W - 2 ,

T H H N ,

T H H W ,

T H W - 2 ,

T H W N - 2 ,

U S E - 2 ,

X H H ,

X H H W ,

X H H W - 2 ,

Z W - 2

T y p e s T W ,

U F

T y p e s

R H W ,

T H H W ,

T H W ,

T H W N ,

X H H W ,

U S E

T B S ,

S A ,

S I S ,

R H H ,

R H W -

2 ,

T H H N ,

T H H W ,

T H W -

2 ,

T H W N -

2 ,

U S E - 2 ,

X H H ,

X H H W ,

X H H W -

2 Z W-

A l u m i n u m o r C o p p e r C la d

A l u m i n u m


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43

Table 4.30.14.2 Full-Load Currents in Amperes, Single-Phase Alternating-Current

Motors

The following values of full-load currents are for motors running at usual speeds and motors

with normal torque characteristics. The voltages listed are rated motor voltages. The

currents listed shall be permitted for system voltage ranges of 110 to 120 and 220 to 240volts.

H ors e po w er 1 1 5 Vo lts 2 00 Vo lts 2 0 8 Vo lts 2 30 Vo lts

1 ⁄6 4 .4 2 .5 2 .4 2 .2

1 ⁄4 5 .8 3 .3 3 .2 2 .9

1 ⁄3 7 .2 4 .1 4 3 .6

1 ⁄2 9 .8 5 .6 5 .4 4 .9

3 ⁄4 1 3 .8 7 .9 7 .6 6 .9

1 1 6 9 .2 8 .8 8

1 1 ⁄2 2 0 1 1 .5 1 1 1 0

2 2 4 1 3 .8 1 3 .2 1 2

3 3 4 1 9 .6 1 8 .7 1 7

5 5 6 3 2 .2 3 0 .8 2 8

7 1 ⁄2 8 0 4 6 4 4 4 0

1 0 1 0 0 5 7 .5 5 5 5 0


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44

Table 4.30.14.4 Full-Load Current, Three-Phase Alternating-Current Motors

The following values of full-load currents are typical for motors running at speeds usual for

belted motors and motors with normal torque characteristics. The voltages listed are rated

motor voltages. The currents listed shall be permitted for system voltage ranges of 110 to

120, 220 to 240, 440 to 480, and 550 to 600 volts.

*For 90 and 80 percent power factor, the figures shall be multiplied by 1.1 and 1.25,

respectively.

H o r s e p o w e r

I n d u c t io n - T y p e S q u i r re l C a g e a n d W o u n d R o t or ( A m p e r e s )

1 1 5 V o lt s 2 0 0 V o lt s 2 3 0 V o lt s

1⁄2 4 .4 2 .5 2 .4 2 .2 1 .3 1 .1 0 .9 - - - - - -

3⁄4 6 .4 3 .7 3 .5 3 .2 1 .8 1 .6 1 .3 - - - - - -

1 8 .4 4 .8 4 .6 4 .2 2 .3 2 .1 1 .7 - - - - - -

1 1 ⁄2 1 2 6 .9 6 .6 6 3 .3 3 2 .4 - - - - - -

2 1 3 .6 7 .8 7 .5 6 .8 4 .3 3 .4 2 .7 - - - - - -

3 - 1 1 1 0 .6 9 .6 6 .1 4 .8 3 .9 - - - - - -

5 - 1 7 .5 1 6 .7 1 5 .2 9 .7 7 .6 6 .1 - - - - - -

7 1 ⁄2 - 2 5 .3 24 .2 2 2 1 4 1 1 9 - - - - - -

1 0 - 3 2 .2 30 .8 2 8 1 8 1 4 11 - - - - - -

1 5 - 4 8 .3 46 .2 4 2 2 7 2 1 17 - - - - - -

2 0 - 6 2 .1 59 .4 5 4 3 4 2 7 22 - - - - - -

2 5 - 7 8 .2 7 4 .8 6 8 4 4 3 4 2 7 - 5 3 3 3 .6 2 6 2 1 -

3 0 - 9 2 8 8 8 0 5 1 40 3 2 - 6 3 40 .8 32 2 6 -

4 0 - 1 2 0 1 1 4 1 0 4 6 6 5 2 4 1 - 8 3 5 2 4 1 3 3 -

5 0 - 1 5 0 1 4 3 1 3 0 8 3 6 5 5 2 - 1 0 4 66 .4 5 2 4 2 -

6 0 - 1 7 7 1 6 9 1 5 4 1 0 3 7 7 6 2 1 6 1 2 3 8 1 .6 6 1 4 9 1 2

7 5 - 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 9 2 1 2 8 9 6 7 7 2 0 1 5 5 1 0 4 7 8 6 2 1 5

1 0 0 - 2 8 5 2 7 3 2 4 8 1 6 5 12 4 9 9 2 6 2 0 2 13 4 .4 10 1 8 1 2 0

1 2 5 - 3 5 9 3 4 3 3 1 2 2 0 8 15 6 1 2 5 3 1 2 5 3 1 6 8 1 2 6 1 0 1 2 5

1 5 0 - 4 1 4 3 9 6 3 6 0 2 4 0 1 8 0 1 4 4 3 7 3 0 2 2 0 1 .3 1 5 1 1 2 1 3 0

2 0 0 - 5 5 2 5 2 8 4 8 0 3 2 0 24 0 1 9 2 4 9 4 0 0 2 6 8 2 0 1 1 6 1 4 0

2 5 0 - - - - 4 0 3 3 0 2 2 4 2 6 0 - - - - -

3 0 0 - - - - 4 8 2 3 6 1 2 8 9 7 2 - - - - -

3 5 0 - - - - 5 6 0 4 1 4 3 3 6 8 3 - - - - -

4 0 0 - - - - 6 3 6 4 7 7 3 8 2 9 5 - - - - -

4 5 0 - - - - 7 1 1 5 1 5 4 1 2 10 3 - - - - -

5 0 0 - - - - 7 8 6 5 9 0 4 7 2 11 8 - - - - -

S y n c h r o n o u s - T y p e U n i t y P o w e r F a c t o r *

( A m p e r e s )

2 0 8

V o l t s

4 0 0

V o l t s

4 6 0

V o l t s

5 7 5

V o l t s

2 3 0 0

V o l t s

2 3 0

V o l t s

4 0 0

V o l t s

4 6 0

V o l t s

5 7 5

V o l t s

2 3 0 0

V o l t s


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Table C8 Maximum Number of Conductors and Fixture Wires in Rigid Metal Conduit

(Based on table 9.1.1.1)

C o n d u c t o r s

T y p e

R a c e w a y S iz e ( m m )

1 5 2 0 2 5 3 2 4 0 5 0 6 5 8 0 9 0 1 0 0 1 2 5 1 5 0

2 .0 (1 .6 ) 1 3 2 2 3 6 6 3 8 5 1 4 0 20 0 3 0 9 4 1 2 5 3 1 8 3 3 1 2 0 2

3 .5 (2 .0 ) 9 1 6 2 6 4 6 6 2 1 0 2 1 4 6 2 2 5 3 0 1 3 8 7 6 0 8 8 7 75 .5 (2 .6 ) 6 1 0 1 7 2 9 3 9 6 4 9 2 1 4 2 1 8 9 2 4 4 3 8 3 5 5 2

8 .0 (3 .2 ) 3 6 9 1 6 2 2 3 7 5 3 8 2 1 0 9 1 4 0 2 2 1 3 1 8

1 4 2 4 7 1 2 1 6 2 7 3 8 5 9 7 9 1 0 1 1 5 9 2 3 0

2 2 1 2 4 7 1 0 1 6 2 3 3 6 4 8 6 2 9 8 14 1

3 0 1 1 3 5 7 1 1 1 7 2 6 3 4 4 4 7 0 1 0 0

3 8 1 1 1 4 5 8 1 2 1 9 2 5 3 3 5 1 7 4

5 0 1 1 1 3 4 7 1 0 1 6 2 1 2 7 4 3 6 3

6 0 0 1 1 2 3 6 8 1 3 1 8 2 3 3 6 5 2

8 0 0 1 1 1 3 5 7 1 1 1 5 1 9 3 0 4 3

1 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 4 6 9 1 2 1 6 2 5 3 6

1 2 5 0 0 1 1 1 3 5 7 1 0 1 3 2 0 2 9

1 5 0 0 0 1 1 1 3 4 6 8 1 1 1 7 2 5

1 7 5 0 0 1 1 1 2 3 5 7 1 0 1 5 2 2

2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 3 5 7 8 1 3 2 0

2 5 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 4 5 7 1 1 1 6

3 2 5 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 3 4 6 9 1 3

3 7 5 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 3 4 5 7 1 1

4 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 3 4 5 7 1 1

5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 3 4 6 8

C o n d u c t o r

S i z e

[ m m 2 ( m m

d i a . ) ]

T H H N ,

T H WN ,

THWN-2

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