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WISDOM PEARLS Important Instructions 1. First and the f oremost ne ver make n otes in electronic f orm of a book which has equ ations in it. Thus treatises related to mathematics, physics, astronomy etc. are never to be written in this electronic form. They must always be written in your note book. 2. The note s from Ve dic literat ures , philosop hica l, historic al, arts etc. can be written either in electronic form or on note book. Puranika Cosmology (Vrndavana) (25/5/2011) Srila Vyasadeva compiled 18 maha puranas that are as follows: (eacj etry ends with  purana) [a] Brahma [b] Padma [c] V ayu [d] Visnu [e] Linga [f] Garuda [g] Narada [h] Bhagavat [i] Agni [j] Bhavisya [k] V araha [l] Matsya [m] V amana [n] Kurma [o]Brahmanda [p] Skanda [q] Brah ma V aivarta [r] Marka ndey a The seven islands described there in are not subjected to  prakrti and are beyond mundane logic. Islands have been translated as English of samskrt word varsa. Srimad Bhagavatam (Vrndavana) 31/5/2011 In Srila Jiva Gosvami’s book Krsna sandarbha the assertion that Krsna is the cause of all causes is elaborately described along with the fact that is He is absolute truth. The cosmic creation results from the three modes of material nature, the creation is to present an illusion of reality to the conditioned soul. The reality as perceived through our coarse senses is the reflection of Absolute reality there in the spiritual world. What would direct and indirect of anything mean in case of God? He must know everything directly. Because God is the source of everything so there can’t be anything that He won’t effect so God is behind all sorts of creation. God is ultimate truth because all other truths are relative to Him. The sesual pleasures are technically called as rasas which are same sort of taste derived through sense perceptions. The 12 kinds of rasas are enumerated as follows: [a]raudra [b]adbhuta [c]srngara [d]hasya [e]vira [f]daya [g]vibhatsa [h]sakhya [i]bhayanaka [j]daya [k]santa [l]vatsalya Sum total of these rasas is called love. Primarily these signs of love are manifested in adoration, service, friendship, parental love and conjugal love. Indirectly these rasas are present in form of seven of the remaining items. Ev eryt hin g must be per fo rmed f or the sat isf act ion of Vi snu fo r if oth erwi se it causes bondage to this world and the work you do. Srimad Bhagavatam (Vrndavana) (1/6/2011) Besides the literature written by Srila Vyasadeva there are six other philosophical systems

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WISDOM PEARLSImportant Instructions

1. First and the foremost never make notes in electronic form of a book which has equations in

it. Thus treatises related to mathematics, physics, astronomy etc. are never to be written in

this electronic form. They must always be written in your note book.

2. The notes from Vedic literatures, philosophical, historical, arts etc. can be written either inelectronic form or on note book.

Puranika Cosmology (Vrndavana)

(25/5/2011)

• Srila Vyasadeva compiled 18 maha puranas that are as follows: (eacj etry ends with purana)

[a] Brahma [b] Padma [c] Vayu [d] Visnu

[e] Linga [f] Garuda [g] Narada [h] Bhagavat

[i] Agni [j] Bhavisya [k] Varaha [l] Matsya

[m] Vamana [n] Kurma [o]Brahmanda [p] Skanda

[q] Brahma Vaivarta [r] Markandeya• The seven islands described there in are not subjected to  prakrti and are beyond mundane

logic.

• Islands have been translated as English of samskrt word varsa.

Srimad Bhagavatam (Vrndavana)

31/5/2011 

• In Srila Jiva Gosvami’s book  Krsna sandarbha the assertion that Krsna is the cause of all

causes is elaborately described along with the fact that is He is absolute truth.

• The cosmic creation results from the three modes of material nature, the creation is to

present an illusion of reality to the conditioned soul.

• The reality as perceived through our coarse senses is the reflection of Absolute reality there

in the spiritual world.

• What would direct and indirect of anything mean in case of God? He must know everything

directly.

• Because God is the source of everything so there can’t be anything that He won’t effect so

God is behind all sorts of creation.

• God is ultimate truth because all other truths are relative to Him.

• The sesual pleasures are technically called as rasas which are same sort of taste derived

through sense perceptions. The 12 kinds of rasas are enumerated as follows:

[a]raudra [b]adbhuta [c]srngara [d]hasya

[e]vira [f]daya [g]vibhatsa [h]sakhya

[i]bhayanaka [j]daya [k]santa [l]vatsalya

• Sum total of these rasas is called love. Primarily these signs of love are manifested in

adoration, service, friendship, parental love and conjugal love. Indirectly these rasas are

present in form of seven of the remaining items.

• Everything must be performed for the satisfaction of Visnu for if otherwise it causes

bondage to this world and the work you do.

Srimad Bhagavatam (Vrndavana)

(1/6/2011)

• Besides the literature written by Srila Vyasadeva there are six other philosophical systems

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written by these sages:

[1] Gautama

[2] Kanada

[3] Kapila Sankhya

[4] Patanjali Yoga

[5] Jaimini

[6] Astavakra• Question asked by the sages at Naimisaranya:

[a] What is the ultimate good for the people in general?

• As because our real identity is spiritual so we can’t be satiated by any sort of material

planning.

• One is uplifted by speaking or hearing about different incarnations of God.

• Since name of Krsna is feared by the fear personified and also because demons are afraid of 

Him, therefore name of Krsna is as powerful as Himself.

• The people in general don’t understand that this small life is but a moment towards our 

 journey to become self realized.

Srimad Bhagavatam (Vrndavana)

4/6/2011

• Generally a man is born as an ordinary being but by purificatory process he is born for the

2nd time. In this way when he goes to a spiritual master for spiritual realization he becomes

a dvija.

• The Brahma or the Vedanta sutras were compiled by Srila Vyasadeva with the view to

present the cream of the Vedic knowledge. SB is the natural commentary on these sutras.

• Sariraka Bhasya is the commentary of Sankaracarya on these sutras, because he thought that

it wouldn’t be easy to overcome the natural commentary the Bhagavatam.

• Questions related to the subject matter of God can only satisfy the self and no other way can

it be satisfied.

• Supreme occupation for all humanity is that that satisfaction can be attained by loving

devotion to the transcendental Lord.

• Vedas deploy 2 ways or margas for the gradual elevation of the consciousness: pravrtti and

the nivrtti which means path of sense enjoyment and renunciation respectively.

• Devotion to God is automatically followed by perfect knowledge and detachment from the

material existence.

• Life’s desires should never be directed towards sense gratification.

Seekers of Absolute Truth are never allured by the unnecessary engagements in sense-gratifications as they are always overwhelmed with the work of researching the truth.

Easy Journey to Other Planets (Bharatapura)

9/6/2011

According to BG interplanetary travel isn’t a new phenomenon people have been doing it for years

as BG itself conforms in 8.16.

Srimad Bhagavatam (Vrndavana)

12/6/2011, Pandava Nirjala Ekadasi

Anyone who is accepted as Vaisnava by an uttama adhikari is already a brahmana.• Prabhupada also says that high grade activiteis like sacrifice, charity etc are all corollary

factors following the pure and scientific bhakti yoga.

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• In the relative world the knower is different from the known! What does it mean?

• If the tendency to glorify others is directed towards the glorification of God, then it’ll bring

happiness.

• Only attainment of spiritual knowledge is not sufficient for liberation.

• By serving the devotees of God, God is pleased even more than in the case in which His

service is done.

Science from the Vedic Perspective (Bharatapura)

30 6 2011

• The development of the modern empirical science has seen the skepticism that arose in the

minds of people about the idea of non material innermost self.

• Therefore on account of its non verifiability, the view that is being held is that the self is

nothing more than molecular interplay of molecules inside the brain that is completely

understood in terms of the physical laws.

• Whether they accept the existence of non physical self, but its sciecnce is already existing

from time immemorial, and this is a subject of Vedas, BG and SB.• The Vedic knowledge thus invites the scientists to broaden their knowledge of the world they

are trying to get hold off.

• The method of transferring oneself to any planet at the time of death is called as Yoga.

• The perfection of science lies in seeing God as the consequence of the physical laws.

• When the molecules of hydrogen cyanide were exposed to the UV radiation, then purines,

adenine and guanine were formed.

• The molecules of formaldehyde underwent chemical reaction In the presence of base to form

sugars.

• Although life has not been still generated in the test tubes in the laboratories, so it is a sort of 

indication that life is not merely chemical, but it is beyond that. So this is the argument thatsupports the proposition that life is not merely chemical.

• It is interesting to note that modern science defines the Absolute truth as the cause behind all

causes.

• If nature were just push and pull of the molecules then it must have been possible to predict

the past and future, nay everything that has happened in the past each and every thing that

may occur, just on the basis of the mathematical equations.

• Even though it is acceptable that the consciousness is attributed to the living entities, but

still what is it, is still very difficult to answer.

• It is possible that the parapsychological and psychological findings may provide an

explanation to these higher order laws.

Science from Vedic Perspective (IITK)

1/7/2011

• The principle of reincarnation can explain a lot of phenomenon like the existence of a

variety of living entities, presence of many innate abilities that are clearly not acquired by

the environment, near death experiences etc.

• Most of them now believe there the laws behind the nature are blind and nature is governed

by the laws of chance.

• Even life is a product of interactions of atoms and molecules.

• The Neo Darwinian concept says that upon action of various forms of energies like UV

radiation, heat energy etc. converted simple molecules into biomonomers and then into

biopolymers.

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• Together with the Stanley Miller’s experiment it was found that when you subject HCN to

UV radiation then you’ll get purines: adenine and guanine.

• Action of formaldehyde produced by UV radiations and ionizing light produced sugars

ribose and deoxyribose.

• These days coacervate droplets of Alexander Oparin (a Russian Biochemist) and proteinoid

microspheres of Sidney Fox are the forerunners of life.

• According to the BG there are two types of energies of God, one is material and other is

superior one. It may be possible to describe the first one in terms of the mathematical

equations but it is not possible for the second case.

• There is some sort of interaction between soul and the five gross and three subtle elements,

that is the cause of so much difference between a dead and a living body.

• Continuous v/s discontinuous reincarnations, continuous one may correspond to the state of 

change of consciousness with in one’s body and when one dies and when the soul is

transferred to other body.

• Morphology is the study of form and structure of living beings and their special structural

features.

• Vedic literatures suggests what is called as the devolution of the consciousness in which if a

soul doesn’t use his/her free will properly, he/she will devolve into a species of lower

consciousness.

• The eternal Vedic literatures give us the teachings that can make us free from the cycle of 

birth and death.

• MANTRAS literally means that which can deliver the mind, man trAyate is mantra.

Notes on Epistemology (IITK)

1/7/2011

Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned with the nature and scope of knowledgeaddressing question of the form: (a) What is knowledge? (b) How do we know what we

know? (c) How is knowledge acquired?

Srimad Bhagavatam (IITK)

2/7/2011

1. The birth and activities of God are being displayed for the welfare of the God are not at all

ordinary.

2. The birth and activities of God should be transcendental otherwise how it is possible that

 just by uttering them one gets liberation from material tabernacle.

SOME DEEPER QUESTIONS SEEKING ANSWERS

PHYSICS

Why should it happen that the electron although moving around the nucleus doesn’t emit any

 radiation, and hence does not fall into the nucleus? They say that quantum mechanics saves the

electron to do so, but can anyone answer me how does this happen?

Sadaputa Pr’s Article About Inspiration (Bharatapura)

4/7/2011

• Inspiration plays an important role in acquiring knowledge in a varieties of fields of 

knowledge like sciences, mathematics and arts like music.• Also it is to be known that the present theories of inspiration can’t say anyting about the

phenomenon of inspiration, be they the theories of physics or chemistry.

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• It is claimed that the present explanation of the inspiration takes the contemporary theories

of physics as the limiting case.

• HYPOTHETICO DEDUCTIVE METHOD is what they call as the method by which the

scientists acquire the knowledge from their surroundings.

• But the main question we are dealing here is from where the hypothesis come from, given

the observational data.

• In order to derive hypothesis from any given array of numbers we must have some working

hypothesis off hand, otherwise we can’t make anything out of the given myriad of data. This

thing is somewhat related to the Thomas Kuhn paradigm approach. The theory decides the

how do we look at the given data.

• To answer the question as to from where these ideas arise, it is almost universally accepted

that these sort of things arise suddenly with a flash.

• The solutions arise when the person in question is not thinking consciously about the

problem at hand.

• A large number of examples can be cited from the history as: Archimedes, Gauss, Poincare,

Wolfgang Mozart etc.

Human Devolution (Bharatapura)

4/7/2011

• If we assume that the human body is made up of mind, matter and consciousness, then it

gives us a lot of scope to explain a number of phenomenon, in contrast to the scientists’

assumption that humans are just bag of chemicals.

• Any of the scientific endeavour starts with some axioms that are taken for granted and are

based on scientific evidences, on the basis of those basic assumptions more theorems are

derived. So if we don’t accept the axioms as such then we’ll get into an infinite recursion of 

proofs of assumptions and proofs of proofs of assumptions.

• Mind is defined to be an entity that can act on the things in some paranormal way that can’t

be explained by the laws of physics.

• Could you believe it that Pierre Curie the Nobel Prize winner considered the séances as

scientific experiments, he was searching the source of radioactivity.

• Robert Jahn of the engineering department Princeton University was conducting research

and found that his subjects were able to influence the random number generator that was

producing an equal length of strings of 0 and 1.

• The evidences of conscious self that can exist outside the body comes from the research of 

an American cardiologist Dr. Michael Sabom, who conducted research on the our of body

experiences.• To eliminate the possibility of fraud as it is possible that some persons just guessed their

medical operation on the basis of some TV programs, Dr Michael selected some other

persons that were not having OBE experience and in their case it was found that they were

not able to tell the details of their operation.

• All this is documented in his book: Recollection of Death: A Medical Investigation.

• Dr. Sam Parnia published a report in 2001 in which he suggests that consciousness and mind

may continue to exist after the brain has ceased to function and the body is clinically dead.

Some elements of Indian History (Bharatapura)

8/7/2011• Six schools of Indian Philosophy

Nyaya Gautama

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Sankhya Kapila

Vaisesika Kanada

Yoga Patanjali

Mimamsa Jaimini

Vedanta

• Nyaya consists of nyaya sutras.

• Vaisesika has nine matters and seven elements:

 Matters

[1] Prthvi [2] Teja [3] Vayu

[4] Jala [5] Akasa [6] Kala

[7] Disha [8] Atma [9] Mana

 Elements

[1] Dravya [2] Guna [3] Karma

[4] Samanya [5] Visesa [6] Abhava

• Yoga has eight parts

[1] Yama [2] Niyama [3] Asana [4] Dhyana[5] Pratyahara [6] Pranayama [7] Dharana [8] Samadhi

• Mimamsa was put forward to explain logic explanations of Vedic rituals.

• If area under cultivation criterion is used India ranks first leading USA and China.

• In India Asoka was the first person who worked for the preservation of wild life.

• Laws passed for the conservation of nature:

1. Wild Life Protection Act 1972

2. National Forest Policy Act 1988

• During Gupta period temples build were mainly dedicated to Visnu.

• The Visnu temples that were built by the Guptas were:

[1] Bhaitarganv (Kanapura)[2] Deogarh (Jhansi)

[3] Jig van (Jabalapura)

• The period from the death of Harsavardhana (647 AD) till 12th century is called Era of 

Rajaputs.

• The following are the Rajaputs’ dynasties:

North India

[1] Garavala [2] Cauhana [3] Paramara

[4] Candela [5] Solanki

South India

[1] Rastrakutas [2] Calukya [3] Cola [4] Pallava

• Coutyard of Kailasa temple of Elora was built by cutting a whole mountain which was

276x154 square feet in area.

Mahabharata (Bharatapura)

9/7/2011

• Although it may be a cliché, but anyways I would say that the Mahabharata is as deep as the

waters of ocean. My secret Airtel Password I1056179893

• Mahabharata is such a profound knowledge that it gives information to every aspect of life.

Needless to say Mahabharata is such a rendition that it says for itself that whatever is foundhere may possibly be found at other places, but what is not found here might not be found

anywhere.

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• The story begins with the Ambika becoming ready for the nuptial bed.

• It is the prime duty of a king to give heir for the kingdom.

• Scriptures allow that in case of emergency a man’s elder brother can conceive child in the

womb of his wife.

• After the terrible vow only there came the name Bhisma, terrible.

We cannot thwart Providence by acting immorally. In all circumstances a virtuous man actsin obedience to the will of God. Auspiciousness and victory always attend virtue, while grief 

is the sure result of unrighteousness.

• It was Vyasa who helped the queens of Satyavati (Grand Queen of Hastinapura) getting sons.

Mahabharata (Bharatapura)

10/7/2011

• Over attachment for one’s subjects is the result of ignorance only.

• Every creature in the world is born alone and dies alone. He experiences the results of his

own good and evil deeds and in the end leaves the present body to accept another. The belief 

that one person is the relation of another is nothing more than illusion.• One who knows there are sharp weapons capable of cutting the body although not made of 

metal is not injured by them. He survives who understands that the consumer of wood and

straw does not reach the dwellers of a hole in the forest. Always stay alert. One who keeps

his senses under control can never be overcome by any enemy.

• A virtuous man should always return the good done to him with an even greater good.

• No one should lament inevitable death.

Mahabharata (Bharatapura)

11/7/2011

• There are seven kinds of flames as stated there in the Vedas.• Be sure that you are always free of the five evils which assail men: excessive sleep, fear,

anger, weakness of mind and procrastination.

• Fate is surely all powerful, but we nevertheless receive the results of our own acts. We have

free will. The supreme power simply reciprocates with our desires. It is the consequences of 

our acts which are inevitable, not the acts themselves.

• Deeds fraught with impiety never bring prosperity.

• A man who follows another’s heart even against his own better judgment sinks into

affliction, like a man going to sea in a boat guided by a child.

• Consider instead him to be a fool who ignores a well wisher’s advice. There are plenty of 

sinful men in this world who will speak agreeable words, but one who speaks what isdisagreeable but beneficial is rare. Such a man is a king’s true friend who, without

considering what is agreeable or not, speaks and acts only according to virtue.

• Drink that which is drunk by the honest and shunned by the dishonest: humility. Humility is

a bitter, pungent, burning, un intoxicating and revolting medicine, but drink it deeply and

regain your sobriety.

• One who knows the rules of morality yet sits in an assembly without properly answering a

question receives a sinful reaction.

• Great men never care for the harsh words uttered by inferior men. Even if able to retaliate,

they do not take seriously acts of hostility, preferring instead to remember even a little good

that their enemies may have done them.• Those who are wise do not remember an enemy’s hostility. Instead, they see only the good in

them. Only the worst of men use harsh words in a quarrel, while superior men do not react

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when provoked. Knowing their own feelings, they can understand the feelings of others.

Therefore they always act with compassion, even toward their enemies.

• Prosperity acquired through wickedness is soon lost, while that which is gained through

honest means takes root and descends from generation to generation.

• When calamity approaches, men’s minds become confused. Surely the path of religion is

subtle and highly difficult to ascertain.

• A thousand causes of grief and a hundred causes of fear overwhelm the ignorant day by day,

but they never overwhelm those who are learned.

• The root of suffering is attachment to matter. As a fire in the hollow of a tree consumes the

whole tree to its roots, so a small attachment, if nurtured, can destroy a man. One who has

renounced attachment, even though living in the world, becomes free from evil passions and

the suffering they produce.

• The desire for wealth and opulence, which could never be alleviated, is man’s worst enemy.

The highest happiness comes from contentment, while the struggle for wealth, fame,

followers and the association of loved ones is the cause of bondage and ultimately pain.

• Do not desire to accumulate wealth even for virtuous purposes. It is better never to have

touched mud than to wash it off after being covered in it. If you wish to acquire virtue, then

free yourself from all desires for wealth.

• This world is full of contradictions. That which makes the good and honest ashamed pleases

the wicked. Moved by ignorance and passion men act simply to gratify their stomachs and

sex organs. When the senses come in contact with their objects a desire springs up in the

heart to enjoy those objects. Blinded by desire, men become absorbed in following the

dictates of the senses, which they mistake for real happiness.

• Even pious men may be overpowered by desires when associating with the world and its

enjoyable objects.

Mahabharata (Bharatapura)

12/7/2011

• The nature a man acquires at birth stays with him all his life.

• The son is always a man’s most dear object.

• Indulgence in illicit sex, gambling, hunting and intoxication are the four evils which beset

men and deprive them of their prosperity. Gambling is particularly marked by the

destruction of property, by misfortune and by the squandering of wealth. It leads only to

harsh words and enmity.

• No matter how powerful each of us may be, we cannot avoid the calamities that arrive

through destiny.

• Responsibility could not be whimsically abandoned––even if unpleasant, duty must always

be done for the Lord’s pleasure.

• Real prosperity crowns one who conquers anger and brings adversity to one whom anger

controls. Anger is the root of all destruction. An angry man commits sin blindly. An angry

man will kill even his preceptor and insult his elders. He cannot distinguish between right

and wrong.

• When a weak man is oppressed by one more powerful, he should not display anger––lest he

bring about his own destruction. There are no blessed regions in the hereafter for those who

destroy themselves. Thus the weak should always control their anger. Only fools praise

anger, considering it equivalent to energy. The wise keep anger at a distance. The man

consumed by anger does not easily acquire generosity, dignity, courage, skill or the other

attributes possessed by men of character. The wise consider him a man of character who

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restrains his wrath. The pious always praise such a man because they understand that the

forgiving man is always victorious. One who represses his anger even when antagonized

rejoices in the next world. For this it is said that a wise man, whether strong or weak and

even if in difficulty, should always forgive his persecutor.

• Forgiveness is virtue, forgiveness is sacrifice and forgiveness is the Vedas. Forgiveness is

purity and penance; it is truth, piety, religion, and the holy Narayana. Through forgiveness

the universe is sustained, and by practicing forgiveness a man can attain to everlastingregions of bliss.

• Forgiveness and humility, are the qualities of the self controlled.

• None should ever perform virtue with a desire to gain its fruits.

• If the pieties practiced by the virtuous bore no fruits, then this world would long ago have

been covered by darkness.

• The wise always condemn inaction.

• The mind cannot be controlled when it comes under the influence of manliness, pride and

prowess.

• For a respectable person it is better to die than to transgress his word.

• when a man performs sinful deeds depending upon his own power, such deeds become only

a source of pain for him; but if he reflects carefully before action, he will attain success.

• Pratismrti mantras may enable a person to go large distances in very small time.

Mahabharata (Bharatapura)

13/7/2011

• A man may be seen to prosper in sin, obtain good fruits or vanquish his enemies, but he is

finally destroyed to the root.

Mahabharata (Bharatapura)14/7/2011

• A Brahmin is characterized by the qualities of honesty, purity, forgiveness, self control,

asceticism, knowledge and religiosity. The highest object of knowledge is the Supreme

Brahman, which can be known when one has transcended all duality.

• Non envy means always desiring the welfare and advancement of all living beings rather

than to exploit them for one’s own pleasure. In particular, one should desire the spiritual

progress of others and act to assist them in that progress.

Mahabharata (Bharatapura)

17/7/2011WORD MEANINGS

Ignominious: embarrassing because of complete failure;

Berate: to speak in an angry manner or criticize someone;

Pensive: thinking in a quite serious way;

Brood: to think for long time about the things that make you feel sad;

Belch: to allow the air to come out of stomach noisily;

Despicable: very unpleasant or bad, causing strong feelings of dislike;

Clench: to hold something very tightly in a determined or an angry way;

Accrue: to increase number or amount with time;

Apprehensive: feeling worried about something you’re going to do;

Cauldron: a large pot used for cooking;

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Seraglio: The women's apartment

Countenance: appearance or expression of someone’s face

Unguent: a thick oily substance for the skin

• Righteousness is superior to winning kingdoms, and to cultivate righteousness, asceticism is

necessary.

At no time is the soul without a body as long as he remains within this world trying to enjoyhis senses.

• The subtle body carries the recollection of every experience the soul has ever had, and thus

assumes various gross material forms.

• Driven by his own unseen destiny and senses, a man acts in ways he later regrets.

• Bestowal of a boon, the birth of a son and sovereignty are sources of joy, but the happiness

of saving an enemy in distress is equal to all three.

• As an unfired earthen pot leaks when it is filled with water, so one without self control is

lost when grief or joy arises.

• Praya is the name of the vow of fasting until death.

•Suicide always leads to hell. One who kills himself is reviled on earth and he attains noauspicious destination.

• It is extremely difficult to part with hard earned wealth.

• Properly earned wealth should be given away with an open heart to worthy persons. Ill

gotten wealth, however, even if given away, will not free its owner from degradation in the

next life.

• Fame prolongs life and leads to heaven. A famous man lives even after his death, while those

who are infamous are as good as dead even though they still breathe.

• By asceticism one attains what is most exalted. Intelligence is like a second self, and serving

one’s elders makes one wise.

• Great virtue lies in refraining from cruelty; it is superior to all worldly gain.

Mahabharata (IITK)

Chapter 37 (Kurus Attack Virata), Chapter 38 (Arjuna encounters the Kurus), Chapter 39

(The Battle at Virata), Chapter 40 (Out of Exile), Chapter 41 (The Kings choose Sides)

18/7/2011

Scour: thorough search in order to locate something;

Clamour: a loud and confused voice, especially that of people shouting;

Brandish: wave in anger or excitement;

Deference: polite submission and respect;

Vaunt: boast about or praise excessively;

Diadem: a jewelled crown or headband worn as a symbol for sovereignty;

Scowled: bad tempered action;

Insolent: showing a rude and arrogant lack of respect;

Derisive: expressing contempt or ridicule;

Bard: a poet;

Wily: skilled at gaining advantages deceitfully;

Incensed: very angry, outraged;

Loath: reluctant, unwilling;

Adjourn: break off with the intention of resuming it later;Envoy: a messenger or representative on diplomatic mission;

• Wise men only choose war when all other means have failed and when the signs are

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favourable.

• Indeed, silence itself is the quality of the truly powerful. Fire burns silently and silently as

does the sun shine. The earth bears her great load of moving and non moving creatures

without a word.

• The wise declare that of all the dangers that face an army, the worst is disunion among the

leaders.

• The Lord is always pleased when we perform our prescribed duties with firmness and

determination.

• That which is gained by peaceful methods is beneficial to all, while that gained by war has

the opposite effect.

• Among all men those who are twice born are the best. Among the twice born the Brahmin

is the best, and among Brahmanas he who knows the Vedas is superior. Those who have

realized Vedic knowledge are even better, and among those the best are they who practice

their knowledge in life.

• Scripture ordains that one should help the youngest first.