Peace Corps Healthcare Benefits Administration Contract Audit

8/20/2019 Peace Corps Healthcare Benefits Administration Contract Audit

1/61

R`6 Adrrje Nessmer-\dbemet, Bjreat`rDhhe Nuknes, Datjhk Anjec A`opmjdhae @ccjaer

Cr`o6 Idtny D. Lummer, Jhspeat`r Keherdm

Bdte6 Fdhudry


2/61

WEDAE A@\WQ

@ccjae `c Jhspeat`r KeherdmR@KERNE\ [E ODIE D LERRE\ WEDAE A@\WQ


3/61

WEDAE A@\WQ

@cae `c Jhspeat`r KeherdmR @ K E R N E \ [ E O D I E D L E R R E \ W E D A E A @ \ W Q

< 7 < . 3 : < . < : 7 7 √ @JKGWEDAEA@\WQ.K@S √ [[[.WEDAEA@\WQ.K@S/@JK/A@HRDARUQ

Dubjt `c Wedae A`rps‚ NedmtnadreLehecjts Dbojhjstrdtj`h A`htrdat

JK-43-7


4/61

Cjhdm Dubjt \ep`rt6 Wedae A`rps‚ Nedmtnadre Lehecjts Dbojhjstrdtj`h A`htrdat j

EÊAURJSE QUOOD\Z

LDAIK\@UHB

Ds d pdrt `c tne servjaes `ccereb t` jts S`muhteers, tne Wedae A`rps pr`vjbes aòprenehsjve

nedmtnadre lehecjts burjhk tnejr tùr `c buty. Rne lehecjts jhamube tne Wedae A`rps‚ jhterhdm tedo`c `hsjte bàt`rs dhb `tner oebjadm pr`cessj`hdms dt edan `c tne 5: Wedae A`rps p`sts w`rmbwjbe.Rne Wedae A`rps oebjadm `ccjaers (WAO@s) dssjkheb t` `verseds p`sts pr`vjbe S`muhteers wjtn prjodry nedmtnadre, jhamubjhk prevehtjve oebjadm servjaes. Rne S`muhteers‚ a`verdke dmsèxtehbs emjkjljmjty c`r dutn`rjzeb oebjadm servjaes h`t pr`vjbeb ly d WAO@. Rnjs a`verdke ody le heaessdry lec`re S`muhteers dre p`steb jh tnejr `verseds dssjkhoeht `r jh eoerkehaysjtudtj`hs dcter tney drrjve dt tnejr dssjkheb p`st. @tner jhstdhaes jhamube speajdmjzeb oebjadmservjaes h`t `ccereb ly tne WAO@, `r oebjadm evdaudtj`h t` tne Uhjteb Qtdtes `r d tnjrb aùhtry.

Rne Wedae A`rps @ccjae `c Nedmtn Qervjaes (@NQ) js resp`hsjlme c`r `verdmm dbojhjstrdtj`h `c tneWedae A`rps‚ S`muhteer nedmtnadre pr`krdo. @NQ pr`vjbes qudmjty aòprenehsjve oebjadm dhb

oehtdm nedmtn servjaes t` tne Wedae A`rps S`muhteer aòouhjty. Rne pr`krdo nemps dssure tndtdbequdte, tjoemy, dhb dppr`prjdte nedmtnadre servjaes dre pr`vjbeb t` S`muhteers dhb trdjhees.

Rne sdoe a`htrdat`r nds leeh ehkdkeb jh dssjstjhk tne Wedae A`rps wjtn pràessjhk amdjos c`roebjadm servjaes reaejveb ly S`muhteers crò exterhdm sùraes sjhae


5/61

Cjhdm Dubjt \ep`rt6 Wedae A`rps‚ Nedmtnadre Lehecjts Dbojhjstrdtj`h A`htrdat jj

a`htjhue a`htrdat servjaes c`r d hjhe-o`htn perj`b. Rne h`haòpetjtjve a`htrdat wds useb ds dst`p kdp oedsure prj`r t` dwdrbjhk d repmdaeoeht a`htrdat dhb wds dwdrbeb jh vj`mdtj`h `cdppmjadlme Ceberdm Daqujsjtj`h \ekumdtj`hs (CD\) pr`vjsj`hs.

[e cùhb tnere were d huoler `c jssues remdteb t` tne a`htrdats dhb dssàjdteb teanhjadm

stdteoehts `c w`ri prepdreb ly tne Wedae A`rps6

Rne dssàjdteb a`htrdat stdteoehts `c w`ri (Q@[s) prepdreb ly tne Wedae A`rps bjb h`t

amedrmy set ùt n`w tne a`htrdat`r wds t` le pdjb c`r servjaes remdteb t` tne dppmjadtj`h `chetw`ri prjajhk.

Rne Wedae A`rps jha`rreatmy adtek`rjzeb tne a`htrdat type c`r tne tnree a`htrdats. Jh b`jhks` jt cdjmeb t` dsaertdjh a`htrdatjhk requjreoehts besjkheb t` pr`teat tne k`verhoeht‚sjhterests.

D a`htrdat mjhe jteo huoler useb wds uhamedr, ojsmedbjhk, dhb bjb h`t besarjle wndt tne

dssàjdteb cuhbjhk wds jhtehbeb t` a`ver.

Rne a`htrdat bjb h`t jhamube tne CD\-odhbdteb sula`htrdat amduse.

\esp`hsjlme Wedae A`rps stdcc bjb h`t ecceatjvemy odhdke dhb `versee tne a`htrdats. Rne Wedae A`rps cdjmeb t` beteat tne a`htrdat`r‚s mdai `c aòpmjdhae wjtn a`htrdat teros.

Rne Wedae A`rps, wjtnùt speajcja dutn`rjty, ehtereb jht` tne tnree a`htrdats pr`vjbjhk c`rsndreb sdvjhks wjtn tne a`htrdat`r.

@ur revjew `c datjvjtjes perc`roeb ly tne a`htrdatjhk `ccjaer‚s represehtdtjve (A@\) revedmebtndt tne Wedae A`rps bjb h`t ecceatjvemy o`hjt`r tne a`htrdats t` ehsure tndt6

doùhts pdjb t` tne a`htrdat`r were speajcjadmmy dutn`rjzeb dhb besarjleb jh tne a`htrdat9

cees andrkeb ly tne a`htrdat`r c`r dbfubjadtjhk oebjadm amdjos were sulojtteb jhdaa`rbdhae wjtn a`htrdat teros dhb a`hbjtj`hs9 dhb

ljmmjhks c`r amdjos pràesseb were a`hsjsteht wjtn tne supp`rtjhk bàuoehtdtj`h.

Curtner, jssues remdteb t` wedihesses jh a`htrdat o`hjt`rjhk tndt were h`teb burjhk d


6/61

RDLME @C A@HREHRQ

E^EAURJSE QUOOD\Z ........................................................................................................... J

LDAIK\@UHB DHB DUBJR @LFEARJSEQ ..........................................................................4

DUBJR \EQUMRQ .........................................................................................................................2

DATUJQJRJ@H WMDHHJHK ................................................................................................................................ 2

A@HR\DARQ DHB REANHJADM QRDREOEHRQ @C [@\I ............................................................................... :

A@HR\DAR O@HJR@\JHK ............................................................................................................................ 4;

\EREHRJ@H @C \ETUJ\EB A@HR\DARJHK \EA@\BQ ...............................................................


7/61

Cjhdm Dubjt \ep`rt6 Wedae A`rps‚ Nedmtnadre Lehecjts Dbojhjstrdtj`h A`htrdat 4

LDAIK\@UHB DHB DUBJR @LFEARJSEQ

Rne Wedae A`rps pr`vjbes nedmtnadre lehecjts ds d pdrt `c jts servjaes t` Wedae A`rps S`muhteersdhb trdjhees. Rne Wedae A`rps @ccjae `c Nedmtn Qervjaes (@NQ) js resp`hsjlme c`r tne `verdmm

dbojhjstrdtj`h `c tne Wedae A`rps‚ S`muhteer nedmtnadre pr`krdo. @NQ‚s ojssj`h js t` pr`vjbequdmjty oebjadm dhb oehtdm nedmtn servjaes t` tne Wedae A`rps S`muhteer aòouhjty. Rne pr`krdo nemps dssure tndt dbequdte, tjoemy, dhb dppr`prjdte nedmtnadre servjaes dre pr`vjbeb t`S`muhteers dhb trdjhees. Rnjs oebjadm adre js h`rodmmy pr`vjbeb tnrùkn tne Wedae A`rps‚jhterhdm tedo `c `hsjte bàt`rs dhb `tner oebjadm pr`cessj`hdms dt tne dkehay‚s 5: datjve p`stsw`rmbwjbe. Rne Wedae A`rps dms` pr`vjbes a`verdke c`r dutn`rjzeb speajdmjzeb oebjadm servjaesjh tnejr aùhtry `c servjae wneh d WAO@ js uhdlme t` pr`vjbe suan servjaes, `r wneh S`muhteersdre seht t` tne U.Q. t` seei heaessdry oebjadm tredtoeht. Curtner, suan a`verdke js extehbeb t`S`muhteers wneh tney requjre oebjadm tredtoeht dhb dre ùtsjbe `c tnejr aùhtry `c servjae.

Rne Wedae A`rps‚ Nedmtnadre Wr`krdo. Rne S`muhteer p`pumdtj`h a`hsjsts `c dppmjadhts,

S`muhteers dhb trdjhees dssjkheb t` `verseds p`sts, dhb returheb Wedae A`rps S`muhteers(\WASs). @NQ jhamubes d tedo `c bebjadteb oebjadm dbojhjstrdtjve dhb pr`cessj`hdm stdcc dtnedbqudrters, ds wemm ds `verseds oebjadm prdatjtj`hers dhb `tner pr`cessj`hdms tndt bjreatmy dssjstjh supp`rtjhk d aòprenehsjve, daaùhtdlme, dhb qudmjty S`muhteer nedmtnadre pr`krdo. @NQ jsodhdkeb ly tne dssàjdte bjreat`r, d oebjadm bàt`r wn` dbvjses Wedae A`rps odhdkeoeht `hodtters remdteb t` tne nedmtn `c dppmjadhts, trdjhees, dhb S`muhteers burjhk dhb dcter tnejr servjae.

Dh dbbjtj`hdm @NQ resp`hsjljmjty jhv`mves tne sareehjhk `c dppmjadhts‚ oebjadm bàuoehts t`beterojhe wnetner tne WAO@s dt p`sts adh daaòo`bdte tnejr oebjadm heebs dhb dms` dssesstnejr mjiemjn``b `c aòpmetjhk S`muhteer servjae. Dppmjadhts tndt ndve dppmjeb t` leaòe d WedaeA`rps S`muhteer ody le rejolurseb c`r aertdjh a`sts dssàjdteb wjtn oebjadm evdmudtj`hs

requjreb t` aòpmete oebjadm sareehjhk.

@hae drrjvjhk dt tnejr aùhtry `c dssjkhoeht Wedae A`rps trdjhees jooebjdtemy leaòes emjkjlmec`r nedmtnadre lehecjts. O`st rùtjhe oebjadm servjaes dre pr`vjbeb ly tne WAO@ dt edan p`st.N`wever, jh adses wnere trdjhees `r S`muhteers requjre urkeht `r speajdmjzeb oebjadm adre wjtnjh`r ùtsjbe `c tnejr dssjkheb aùhtry, `r heeb t` le oebjadmmy evdaudteb t` tne Uhjteb Qtdtes `r dtnjrb aùhtry, a`verdke c`r dssàjdteb oebjadm servjaes js dms` pr`vjbeb ly tne Wedae A`rps.Dmtnùkn tne Wedae A`rps js semc-jhsureb c`r suan a`verdke, jt ehkdkes d a`htrdat`r t` dssjst wjtn pràessjhk dhb pdyjhk amdjos reaejveb crò oebjadm pr`vjbers. O`st `c tnese pr`vjbers dremàdteb jh tne U.Q. N`wever, sòe ljmmjhks reaejveb crò c`rejkh oebjadm pr`vjbers dre pràesseb dhb pdjb ly tne Wedae A`rps a`htrdat`r. Rnjs a`htrdat jhamubes tnree pmdhs respeatjvemy

recerreb t` jh tne a`htrdats ds WMDH J, JJ, dhb JJJ. Rne tnree pmdhs ds besarjleb jh tne presehta`htrdat dppedr lem`w6

WMDH J. Dppmjadhts c`r Wedae A`rps servjae keherdmmy requjre oebjadm, behtdm, dhb vjsj`h exdojhdtj`hs c`ruse ly tne Wedae A`rps @ccjae `c Oebjadm Qervjaes (@OQ) t` evdmudte nedmtn stdtus. Dppmjadhts t` tne WedaeA`rps dre h`t "rejolurseb" c`r oebjadm, behtdm, `r vjsj`h sareehjhk expehses9 n`wever, Dppmjadhts dreemjkjlme t` reaejve mjojteb a`st-sndrjhk cjhdhajdm dssjstdhae ldseb `h pre-beterojheb emjkjljmjty dhb pr``c `cùt-`c-pàiet a`st. Rne Wedae A`rps Dppmjadhts sulojt tnejr oebjadm reaejpts dcter pdyjhk ùt-`c-pàiet `rjh daa`rbdhae wjtn tnejr jhbjvjbudm jhsurdhae, c`r exdos requjreb c`r amedrdhae c`r ehtry jht` tne Wedae


8/61

Cjhdm Dubjt \ep`rt6 Wedae A`rps‚ Nedmtnadre Lehecjts Dbojhjstrdtj`h A`htrdat ,


9/61


Rne a`htrdat`r js ehkdkeb t` dssjst Wedae A`rps wjtn pràessjhk dhb pdyjhk oebjadm amdjos. Rnjsjhamubes reaejvjhk amdjos sulojtteb ly oebjadm pr`vjbers, dbfubjadtjhk tneo tnrùknaòpdrjs`h t` oebjadm hetw`ris `r bjreat hek`tjdtj`h wjtn pr`vjbers, dhb pdyjhk pr`vjbers tnecjhdm dbfubjadteb doùhts. Rne a`htrdat`r nds ehkdkeb d sula`htrdat`r t` dssjst jh tne

dbfubjadtj`h pràess c`r tne odf`rjty `c Wedae A`rps amdjos. Rne Wedae A`rps reaejves d weeimysuoodry jhv`jae crò tne a`htrdat`r jhbjadtjhk tne S`muhteer oebjadm amdjos pdjb. Rne doùht pdjb vdrjes kredtmy bepehbjhk `h tne type `c oebjadm pràebure perc`roeb. Rne a`htrdat dms` pr`vjbes c`r d cjxeb-cee c`r a`htrdat servjaes pr`vjbeb dhb vdrjdlme a`sts dssàjdteb wjtna`htrdat`r/sula`htrdat`r servjaes. Rne cjxeb-cee jhamubes tne a`htrdat`r‚s a`sts dssàjdteb wjtnreaejvjhk, dbfubjadtjhk, dhb pràessjhk oebjadm amdjos c`r pdyoeht. Jh dbbjtj`h, tne a`htrdat`rjhv`jaes jhamube d ”hetw`ri cee.‟ Rne hetw`ri cee remdtes t` rebuatj`hs `h tne jhv`jaeb prjae c`roebjadm servjaes hek`tjdteb ly tne a`htrdat`r/sula`htrdat`r. Hetw`ri cees dre pdjb t` tnea`htrdat`r jh tne c`ro `c d 17 peraeht cee `h sdvjhks danjeveb. Rnese a`sts dre perj`bjadmmyjhamubeb `h dh jhv`jae seht t` tne Wedae A`rps. Rne Wedae A`rps sulsequehtmy dppr`ves jhv`jaesreaejveb dhb rejolurses tne a`htrdat`r, h`rodmmy wjtnjh 17 bdys `c reaejpt `c dh jhv`jae.

Wrevjùs @ccjae `c Jhspeat`r Keherdm (@JK) \ep`rt. [e jssueb JK-45-71-Q\, OdhdkeoehtDbvjs`ry \ep`rt (OD\)6 Wedae A`rps‚ S`muhteer Nedmtnadre Dbojhjstrdtj`h A`htrdat (Odran


10/61


DUBJR \ EQUMRQ

DATUJQJRJ@H W MDHHJHK

Rne Wedae A`rps‚ daqujsjtj`h pmdhhjhk dhb s`mjajtdtj`h c`r jts S`muhteer nedmtnadre lehec jts

dbojhj strdtj`h suaaess`r a`htrdat wds uhtjoemy.

Bue t` tne aòpmexjtjes remdteb t` tne ceberdm a`htrdatjhk pràess, dkehajes oust ehsure tndtsuccjajeht tjoe dhb resùraes dre bebjadteb t` daqujsjtj`h pmdhhjhk. K`verhoeht `ccjajdmsehkdkeb jh daqujsjtj`hs pmdhhjhk oust jhjtjdte tne pràess wemm dnedb `c wneh a`htrdatbemjverdlmes dre heebeb dhb c`mm`w k``b a`htrdatjhk prdatjaes set ùt jh tne CD\. Wmdhhjhk jsespeajdmmy arjtjadm c`r mdrker, o`re aòpmex a`htrdats dhb `cteh requjres d njkner mevem `cteanhjadm expertjse, tjoe, dhb ecc`rt. N`wever, daqujsjtj`h pmdhhers bjb h`t lekjh tnjs pràessedrmy ehùkn, dhb jh sòe adses dssjkheb pers`hhem mdaieb tne heaessdry teanhjadm expertjse. Dsd resumt, tne a`htrdat dwdrb wds sjkhjcjadhtmy bemdyeb dhb tne a`htrdat jh pmdae ndb t` le

extehbeb sjx o`htns ley`hb jts jhtehbeb bdte `c aòpmetj`h. Dcter expjrdtj`h `c tne extehsj`h dsea`hb jhterjo a`htrdat wds dwdrbeb h`h-aòpetjtjvemy t` a`htjhue servjaes wnjme tne dkehaywds perc`rojhk heaessdry daqujsjtj`h pmdhhjhk, s`mjajtjhk pr`p`sdms crò qudmjcjeb sùraes, dhbevdmudtjhk tne `ccers reaejveb. Rne sea`hb a`htrdat wds jhjtjdmmy dwdrbeb c`r d tnree-o`htn perj`b tneh extehbeb twjae, umtjodtemy a`verjhk d hjhe-o`htn perj`b. Rnjs h`h-aòpetjtjvea`htrdat ajrauovehteb aertdjh pr`vjsj`hs `c tne CD\ remdteb t` a`htrdat dwdrbs tndt dre odbeuhber `tner tndh cumm dhb `peh aòpetjtj`h. 4C

<

Wmdhhjhk [ds H`t Rjoemy `r Ecceatjve. Daqujsjtj`h pmdhhjhk c`r aòpetjtjvemy dwdrbeba`htrdats jhv`mves aòpmetj`h `c d huoler `c steps medbjhk up t` tne pulmja remedse `c ds`mjajtdtj`h pdaidke jhvjtjhk qudmjcjeb `ccers. [neh a`htrdats dre aòpmex, daqujsjtj`h pmdhhersoust dmm`w ehùkn tjoe t` prepdre c`r tne s`mjajtdtj`h. Daa`rbjhk t` CD\ ;.472(d), ”Daqujsjtj`h pmdhhjhk snùmb lekjh ds s``h ds tne dkehay heeb js jbehtjcjeb, precerdlmy wemm jh dbvdhae `c tnecjsadm yedr jh wnjan a`htrdat dwdrb `r `rber pmdaeoeht js heaessdry.‟ Wmdhhjhk c`r sjkhjcjadhtdaqujsjtj`hs jhamubes jbehtjcyjhk requjreoehts, brdctjhk d betdjmeb stdteoeht `c w`ri speajcyjhkwndt js heebeb, beterojhjhk tne dvdjmdljmjty `c qudmjcjeb sùraes jh tne odriet pmdae, dhbbevem`pjhk dh estjodte `c wndt jt wjmm a`st t` pràure tne k``bs dhb/`r servjaes requjreb. Dmm `ctnese steps tdie pmdae prj`r t` s`mjajtjhk pr`p`sdms crò qudmjcjeb sùraes dhb a`hsuoesjkhjcjadht tjoe dhb resùraes.


11/61


Rne dkehay ihew jh


12/61


Wrevj`us @JK \ep`rt `h Wedae A`rps A`htrdatjhk @perdtj`hs. Jh JK-47-73-D, Wedae A`rps‚Wr`aess c`r Q`mjajtjhk, Dwdrbjhk, dhb Dbojhjsterjhk A`htrdats (Odran


13/61

Cjhdm Dubjt \ep`rt6 Wedae A`rps‚ Nedmtnadre Lehecjts Dbojhjstrdtj`h A`htrdat ;

D h`h-a`opetjtj ve a`htrdat dwdrbeb t` a`htjhue servjaes c`r d hj he-o`htn perj`b jh letweeh

expjrdtj `h ̀ c tne jh jtj dm dhb preseht a`htrdats bjb h`t a`opmy wjtn dppmj adlme CD\ pr`vjsj`hs.

@h Odran 14,


14/61

Cjhdm Dubjt \ep`rt6 Wedae A`rps‚ Nedmtnadre Lehecjts Dbojhjstrdtj`h A`htrdat >

fustjcjadtj`h ds ”Qodmm Lusjhess Qpeajdmjst/Wràureoeht Dhdmyst.‟ D sehj`r Wedae A`rpsa`htrdatjhk `ccjajdm jbehtjcjeb tnjs p`sjtj`h tjtme ds represehtjhk tne dbvàdte c`r aòpetjtj`h.CD\ 3.172(d)(


15/61

Cjhdm Dubjt \ep`rt6 Wedae A`rps‚ Nedmtnadre Lehecjts Dbojhjstrdtj`h A`htrdat :

5. Rndt tne anjec daqujsjtj`h `ccjaer pròptmy h`tjcy tne anjec cjhdhajdm

`ccjaer jc tnere dre dhy andhkes jh tne dkehay dbvàdte c`r aòpetjtj`h‚s

dssjkheb resp`hsjljmjtjes tndt aùmb p`tehtjdmmy jopdat tne jhtekrjty `c tne

dbvàday pr`krdo.

A @HR\DARQ DHB R EANHJADM Q RDREOEHRQ @ C [ @\I

Rne a`htrdatjhk `ccjae dhb `tner k`verhoeht pers`hhem tndt dre jhv`mveb jh tne a`htrdatjhk pràess oust a`mmdl`rdte jh bevem`pjhk amedr stdteoehts `c w`ri (Q@[s) tndt ehsure tndt l`tntne a`htrdat`r dhb k`verhoeht cummy uhberstdhb dmm a`htrdat teros dhb a`hbjtj`hs. EcceatjveQ@[s spemm ùt wndt servjaes dre t` le pr`vjbeb, n`w tney wjmm le bemjvereb, pdyoeht teros, dhbbecjhe daaeptdlme perc`rodhae. Jc dhy andhkes àaur tndt ody jopdat a`htrdat teros dhb/`ra`hbjtj`hs burjhk tne perj`b `c perc`rodhae, tney oust le tjoemy aòouhjadteb s` dppr`prjdtedatj`hs adh le tdieh tndt dre daaeptdlme t` l`tn pdrtjes dhb cummy aòpmjdht wjtn tne CD\ dhb`tner dppmjadlme mdws, rekumdtj`hs, dhb dkehay p`mjay.

Rne dssàjdteb a`htrdat stdteoehts ̀ c w`ri prepdreb ly tne Wedae A`rps bjb h`t amedrmy set ̀ utn`w tne a`htrdat`r wds t` le pdjb c`r servjaes remdteb t` tne dppmj adtj`h ̀ c hetw`ri pr jajhk.

[e cùhb tndt tne teanhjadm Q@[s prepdreb ly tne Wedae A`rps bjb h`t amedrmy besarjle n`w tnea`htrdat`r wds t` danjeve a`st rebuatj`hs c`r oebjadm amdjos pràesseb `r tne speajcja ldsjs c`r pdyoeht t` tne a`htrdat`r c`r tn`se servjaes. Rne Wedae A`rps Q@[s presarjleb use `c tneOebjadm Bdtd \esedran bdtdldse (OB\), d bdtdldse `c usudm dhb austòdry oebjadm a`sts, t` setd ojhjouo lehanodri c`r p`tehtjdm a`st sdvjhks hek`tjdteb ly tne a`htrdat`r. Rne a`htrdat`r‚s pr`p`sdm, redb jht` tne a`htrdat ly recerehae, bès h`t dbbress n`w tne p`tehtjdm a`st sdvjhkswere oedsureb. Qpeajcjadmmy, tne a`htrdat`r ljmmeb tne ”hetw`ri cee‟ c`r dmm p`tehtjdm a`stssdvjhks, wjtnùt dppmjadtj`h `c d oebjadm a`st lehanodri. Usjhk d lehanodri c`r oebjadm

pràebures, ds tne a`htrdat requjreb, wùmb ndve kjveh Wedae A`rps sòe ldsjs t` beterojhe jctne sdvjhks danjeveb ly tne a`htrdat`r sjkhjcjeb dh datudm a`sts sdvjhks lehecjt t` tne WedaeA`rps. Jhstedb, tne a`htrdat`r amdjoeb a`st sdvjhks, h`t `h tne ldsjs `c d austòdry lehanodri, lut rdtner `h tne bjccerehae letweeh tne jhjtjdm ljmmjhk dhb tne doùht pdjb. 2C5 [jtnùt d lehanodri, tne Wedae A`rps aùmb h`t beterojhe tne mevem `c perc`rodhae ly tne a`htrdat`r wjtnrespeat t` sdvjhks danjeveb. Jh suoodry, h`t dmm dppmjadlme CD\ pr`vjsj`hs were c`mm`web,`versjknt `c tne a`htrdat`r‚s perc`rodhae wds jhsuccjajeht, dhb tne Wedae A`rps ody ndve pdjbo`re c`r a`htrdat`r servjaes tndh wds dutn`rjzeb ly tne a`htrdat.

5 Usjhk d austòdry lehanodri aùmb dms` ojtjkdte dhy p`tehtjdm c`r crdub. ”Daa`rbjhk t` tne Aehter `c Oebjadredhb Oebjadjb Qervjaes, tne o`st aòo`h c`ros `c Oebjadre crdub jhamube ljmmjhk c`r servjaes h`t curhjsneb9ojsrepresehtjhk tne bjdkh`sjs t` fustjcy pdyoeht9 s`mjajtjhk, `ccerjhk, `r reaejvjhk d ijai-ldai9 uhluhbmjhk `r”expm`bjhk‟ andrkes (andrkjhk c`r jteos sequehtjdmmy wnjan snùmb ndve leeh jhamubeb wjtnjh d sjhkme messerandrke)9 cdmsjcyjhk aertjcjadtes `c oebjadm heaessjty, pmdhs `c tredtoeht, dhb oebjadm rea`rbs t` fustjcy pdyoeht9 dhb ljmmjhk c`r d servjae h`t curhjsneb ds ljmmeb (j.e., up-a`bjhk).‟ Wdtrjai F. Ojmmer, Dh @vervjew ̀ c Nedmtnadre Crdubdhb Dluse, 25 Rne Dbvàdte 45, 45 (Ody


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Rne CD\ jhbjadtes jt js essehtjdm tndt servjae a`htrdats dre wrjtteh amedrmy wneh besarjljhkrequjreoehts. L`tn pdrtjes oust le cummy dwdre `c wndt servjaes dre t` le pr`vjbeb dhb n`wservjaes dre t` le prjaeb dhb pdjb. Daa`rbjhk t` CD\ 1;.47


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wùmb le admaumdteb dhb tne servjaes tndt cdat`r jht` tne hetw`ri cee. Jh a`htrdst, tne a`htrdatsamedrmy expmdjheb tne hdture `c tne cjxeb dbojhjstrdtjve cees. [e mdter medrheb crò tne a`htrdat`rtndt tne hetw`ri cee represehts 17 peraeht `c tne sdvjhks danjeveb tnrùkn re-prjajhk, wnjan js ljmmeb t` tne Wedae A`rps ds d cee c`r tne re-prjajhk servjaes. Rnjs oetn`b `c re-prjajhk nds leehuseb ly tne jhauoleht a`htrdat`r sjhae


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19/61


D a`htrdat m jhe jteo huoler useb wds uhamedr dhb ojsmedbjhk dhb bjb h`t besarjle wndt tne

dssàjdteb cuhbjhk wds jhtehbeb t` a`ver.

Daa`rbjhk t` CD\ 2.4774, `he `c tne purp`ses `c usjhk a`htrdat mjhe jteo huolers (AMJHs) js t`jbehtjcy tne bjccereht a`st aòp`hehts dssàjdteb wjtn sepdrdtemy jbehtjcjdlme a`htrdat

bemjverdlmes. Jh tne preseht a`htrdat, tne Wedae A`rps jhbjadteb tw` AMJHs `h jts ceberdma`htrdatjhk c`ro (Qtdhbdrb C`ro 422:)6 AMJH 7774, besarjleb ds ”Dbojhjster Daaess t` Qervjae Hetw`ri ‑ Cjro Cjxeb-Wrjae‟ dhb AMJH 777


20/61


Rne dppmjadlme CD\ amduse dutn`rjzjhk tne k`verhoehtt` requjre a`hseht t` sula`htrdat wds h`t jhserteb jht`dhy `c tne tnree a`htrdats. Dmtnùkn use `c dsula`htrdat`r wds oehtj`heb jh tne prjoe a`htrdat`r‚s pr`p`sdms, we cùhb h` bàuoehteb evjbehae tndt tne

a`htrdat`r ndb dh dppr`veb purandsjhk systeo `r tndtuse `c jts sula`htrdat`r wds speajcjadmmy dutn`rjzeb lytne Wedae A`rps jh daa`rbdhae wjtn tne CD\. Leadusejt js odhbdt`ry dhb expresses d sjkhjcjadht strdhb `c pulmja pràureoeht p`mjay, tnjs amduse snùmb lejha`rp`rdteb jht` tne a`htrdats ly `perdtj`h `c mdw.Ldseb `h dppmjadlme A`be `c Ceberdm \ekumdtj`hs(CD\) requjreoehts tne pràess c`r sula`htrdat`ra`hseht wùmb ndve jhjtjdteb evdmudtjhk d huoler `cjop`rtdht dttrjlutes remdtjhk t` use `c d sula`htrdat`r. ;C

>

Rne evdmudtj`h `c tnjs jhc`rodtj`h ly tne k`verhoeht js

besjkheb jh pdrt t` pr`teat tne k`verhoeht‚s jhterests jhehsurjhk tndt use `c tne sula`htrdat`r js a`st ecceatjvedhb dppr`prjdte kjveh tne rjsis jhv`mveb.

Wedae A`rps stdcc bjb h`t ecceatjvemy odhdke dhb

`versee tne a`htrdats.

Ds bjsausseb edrmjer jh tnjs rep`rt, bue t` tnejr hdture,a`st-rejolurseoeht a`htrdats pmdae d ouan kredter rjsi`h tne k`verhoeht dhb requjre tndt pers`hhem odhdkjhktn`se a`htrdats expehb o`re tjoe dhb resùraesehsurjhk daaeptdlme a`htrdat`r perc`rodhae. N`wever,we beterojheb tndt tne type `c a`htrdat wds jha`rreatmy

jbehtjcjeb ly tne Wedae A`rps ds lejhk cjro cjxeb-prjae dhb snùmb ndve pr`permy leeh jbehtjcjebds d a`st rejolursdlme type a`htrdat. Rredtjhk tnjs a`htrdat ds cjro cjxeb-prjae resumteb jh messtndh d succjajeht bebjadtj`h `c resùraes t` odhdke dhb o`hjt`r tne a`htrdat. Qtdcc were h`tdbequdtemy equjppeb wjtn tne sijmms heaessdry t` ecceatjvemy o`hjt`r a`htrdat perc`rodhae. Do`re betdjmeb bjsaussj`h `h a`htrdat o`hjt`rjhk js a`vereb jh d mdter seatj`h `c tnjs rep`rt.Ecceatjve `versjknt `c dhy a`htrdat js d sndreb resp`hsjljmjty tndt jhamubes tne besjkhdteba`htrdatjhk `ccjaer, A@\, dhb dkehay bjslursjhk pers`hhem tndt odie pdyoehts c`r a`stsjhaurreb uhber tne a`htrdat.

R ne Wedae A`rps cdjmeb t` beteat tne a`htrdat`r‚s mdai `c aòpmjdhae wjtn a`htrdat teros.

Ds oehtj`heb edrmjer jh tnjs rep`rt, tne a`htrdat`r bjb h`t use tne OB\ cee sanebume ds d lehanodrijhk t``m wneh dbfubjadtjhk amdjos. Rne a`htrdat`r ljmmeb Wedae A`rps d cee equdm t`

> 2> A.C.\. 5


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17% `c tne ”sdvjhks‟ danjeveb letweeh tne `rjkjhdm pr`vjber ljmm dhb tne cjhdm doùht pdjb. N`wever,wjtnùt d lehanodrijhk t``m jhbjadtjhk dt wndt mevem pr`vjbers dre rekumdrmy rejolurseb c`r speajcja oebjadm pràebures, Wedae A`rps aùmb h`t le dssureb tndt tne

a`htrdat`r wds danjevjhk ”sdvjhks‟ ds ehvjsj`heb ly tnea`htrdat. Dmtnùkn tne h`h-use `c tne requjreb OB\ ceesanebume ndb leeh `hk`jhk sjhae tne jhjtjdm a`htrdat‚sjhaeptj`h jh


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Rne Wedae A`rps, wjtnùt speajc ja dutn`rj ty, ehtereb jht` tne tnree a`htrdats pr`vjbjhk c`r

sndreb sdvjhks wjtn tne a`htr dat`r .

Rne Wedae A`rps sjkheb d a`htrdat tndt admmeb c`r d ”Qndre-jh-Qdvjhks‟ dkreeoeht. Ds bjsaussebjh ùr OD\, suan dkreeoehts requjre speajcja mekdm dutn`rjty. [e questj`heb wnetner tnedkehay ndb dutn`rjty t` ehter jh tnjs drrdhkeoeht jh tne OD\ (see Dppehbjx B, seatj`h B, pdke12) dhb reaòoehbeb tne Wedae A`rps recrdjh crò ehterjhk jht` a`htrdats tndt admm c`r sndre-jh-sdvjhks dkreeoehts (see Dppehbjx B, pdke 1>), tnerec`re we dre h`t jssujhk d reaòoehbdtj`hnere.>C

: N`wever, jh jts resp`hse t` tnjs reaòoehbdtj`h, tne Wedae A`rps bjb h`t a`haur. :C

47 Wedae

A`rps jhbjadteb jt bjb h`t dkree wjtn us tndt speajcja dutn`rjty heebeb t` le sùknt dhb krdhteb.[e a`htjhue t` urke dkehay odhdkeoeht t` re-a`hsjber tne remdteb reaòoehbdtj`h odbe jh ùrOD\.

[e reaòoehb6

3. Rndt tne anjec daqujsjtj`h `ccjaer bjreat tne a`htrdatjhk `ccjaer t` o`bjcy

tne preseht a`htrdat t` a`rreatmy jbehtjcy tne a`htrdat type.

;. Rndt tne anjec daqujsjtj`h `ccjaer jopmeoeht p`mjay t` ehsure tndt tne

Wedae A`rps‚ a`htdatjhk `ccjaers c`mm`w Ceberdm Daqujsjtj`h \ekumdtj`h

Qulpdrt 43.4, ”Qemeatjhk A`htrdat Rypes.‟

>. Rndt tne anjec daqujsjtj`h `ccjaer bjreat tne a`htrdatjhk `ccjaer t` o`bjcy

tne preseht a`htrdat t` o`re daaurdtemy jbehtjcy dhb besarjle wndt tne

a`htrdat mjhe jteo huolers dre jhtehbeb t` a`ver dhb lredi ùt tne

`lmjkdteb doùhts c`r ljmmeb amdjos dhb tne hetw`ri cees uhber oumtjpmesepdrdte a`htrdat mjhe jteo huolers, ds dppr`prjdte.

:. Rndt tne anjec daqujsjtj`h `ccjaer jopmeoeht p`mjay t` ehsure tndt tne

Wedae A`rps‚ a`htrdatjhk `ccjaers c`mm`w Ceberdm Daqujsjtj`h \ekumdtj`h

Wdrt 22, ”Qula`htrdatjhk W`mjajes dhb Wràebures,‟ wneh sula`htrdatjhk

js pr`p`seb ly prjoe a`htrdat`rs.

:

[e h`te we were h`t dlme t` dsaertdjh dhy jhstdhaes jh wnjan dh dkehay ehtereb jht` d ”Qndre-jh-Qdvjhks‟dkreeoeht wjtnùt speajcja stdtut`ry dutn`rjty.47 Rne Wedae A`rps dsserteb tndt CD\ Qulpdrt 1;.3 dutn`rjzes ceberdm dkehajes t` use perc`rodhae-ldseba`htrdatjhk, wnjan js daaurdte. N`wever, we b` h`t dkree tndt tnjs amduse pr`vjbes tne mekdm dutn`rjty t` ehter jht`sndre-jh-sdvjhks pr`vjsj`hs `r tndt jt js remevdht t` tnjs a`htrdat. \dtner, CD\ Qulpdrt 1;.374(l)(


23/61

Cjhdm Dubjt \ep`rt6 Wedae A`rps‚ Nedmtnadre Lehecjts Dbojhjstrdtj`h A`htrdat 4;

47. Rndt tne anjec daqujsjtj`h `ccjaer bjreat tne a`htrdatjhk `ccjaer t`

beterojhe jc tnere nds leeh dh `verpdyoeht remdteb t` tne h`h-use `c tne

OB\ lehanodri `ver tne perj`b @at`ler 4,


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Cjhdm Dubjt \ep`rt6 Wedae A`rps‚ Nedmtnadre Lehecjts Dbojhjstrdtj`h A`htrdat 4>

a`htrdatjhk `ccjaer. Jt js joperdtjve tndt tne YA@\_ stdy jh am`se aòouhjadtj`h wjtn tne a`htrdatjhk`ccjaer, remdyjhk dhy jhc`rodtj`h tndt ody dcceat a`htrdatudm aòojtoehts dhb requjreoehts.

47C

44

A@\ O`hjt`rjhk [ds H`t Ecceatjve. A@\s dre resp`hsjlme c`r o`hjt`rjhk a`htrdat`r perc`rodhae, wnjan jhamubes evdmudtjhk tne w`ri ds jt pr`kresses9 exerajsjhk dppr`prjdteteanhjadm bjreatj`h wjtnjh tne sa`pe `c tne a`htrdat9 jhspeatjhk dhb daaeptjhk aòpmeteb w`ri c`r

tne k`verhoeht9 dhb dssjstjhk tne a`htrdatjhk `ccjaer wjtn tne a`htrdat`r‚s perc`rodhaeevdmudtj`hs. @CWW jhbjadtes tndt jt js d lest prdatjae c`r pr`krdo `ccjaes t` hòjhdte ds A@\s`hmy tn`se jhbjvjbudms tndt p`ssess speajdmjzeb qudmjcjadtj`hs dhb expertjse jh tne a`htdatjhk dredtney wjmm serve. A@\s oust ndve d k``b teanhjadm uhberstdhbjhk `c wndt js a`htdjheb jh tnea`htrdat dhb wndt tne a`htrdat`r heebs t` b` t` oeet tne teros dhb a`hbjtj`hs `c tne a`htrdat.. Dssuan, A@\s oust le dlme t` jbehtjcy a`htrdatjhk jssues remdteb t` perc`rodhae `r aòpmjdhae dhb lrjhk tneo t` odhdkeoeht‚s dhb tne a`htrdatjhk `ccjaer‚s dttehtj`h c`r tjoemy res`mutj`h.

Jt js dms` essehtjdm t` ecceatjve a`htrdat dbojhjstrdtj`h dhb odhdkeoeht tndt A@\s perc`rodbequdte survejmmdhae dhb o`hjt`rjhk `c tne a`htrdats c`r wnjan tney dre resp`hsjlme. O`hjt`rjhkdatjvjtjes h`t `hmy ehaòpdss a`htrdat`r perc`rodhae dhb aòpmjdhae, lut dms` jhamube ehsurjhk

tndt jhv`jajhk js aòpmete, daaurdte, dhb tjoemy. @CWW stresses tne jop`rtdhae `c bevem`pjhk d pmdh tndt speajcjes tne perc`rodhae ùtputs a`htdjheb jh tne Q@[ s` tndt a`htrdat o`hjt`rjhkcàuses `h a`htrdat`r bemjverdlmes. Curtner, tne a`htrdat dbojhjstrdtj`h pmdh snùmb dms` jhamube dsysteodtja dhb struatureb oetn`b t` ehdlme d A@\ t` ecceatjvemy evdmudte servjaes dhb/`r pr`buats tne a`htrdat`r js requjreb t` pr`vjbe tne k`verhoeht. @CWW dms` jhbjadtes jt js d lest prdatjae c`r tn`se jhv`mveb jh tne a`htrdat o`hjt`rjhk pràess t` bàuoeht tne o`hjt`rjhk dhbsurvejmmdhae perc`roeb.

\evjewjhk dhb pràessjhk vùaners (a`htrdat`r jhv`jaes sulojtteb c`r pdyoeht) js aertdjhmy dsjop`rtdht ds dhy `tner dspeat `c a`htrdat dbojhjstrdtj`h. Rne k`verhoeht expeats tne a`htrdat`rt` oeet dmm a`htrdat requjreoehts uhber tne teros dhb a`hbjtj`hs set ùt jh tne a`htrdat dhb tne

a`htrdat`r expeats tne k`verhoeht t` oeet jts a`htrdatudm `lmjkdtj`hs tnrùkn tjoemy dhbdaaurdte pdyoehts c`r daaepteb a`htrdat bemjverdlmes. Daa`rbjhk t` @CWW, ”Lest Wrdatjaes‟dssàjdteb wjtn A@\ revjew `c a`htrdat`r jhv`jaes6

D pmdh `r pràess c`r qujaimy dhb eccjajehtmy oeetjhk tnjs `lmjkdtj`h js ds essehtjdm ds tne YA@\‚s_ `versjknto`hjt`rjhk pmdh. Rnerec`re, jt js jhauoleht up`h pr`krdo, pràureoeht, dhb cjhdhae `ccjajdms t` uhberstdhbamedrmy tnejr r`mes dhb resp`hsjljmjtjes remdteb t` revjewjhk dhb pràessjhk vùaners. Rnjs wjmm ehsure tndt pdyoeht js `hmy odbe t` a`htrdat`rs wn` perc`ro jh daa`rbdhae wjtn a`htrdat teros dhb a`hbjtj`hs. Jt jsessehtjdm tndt tnese tdsis dre bjsausseb wjtn tne a`htrdat`r dhb YA@\_ burjhk tne p`st dwdrb `rjehtdtj`ha`hcerehae. Dh jop`rtdht dspeat `c vùaner revjew, dppr`vdm, dhb pràessjhk js k``b aòouhjadtj`h letweeh tne YA@\_, a`htrdatjhk `ccjaer, dhb cjhdhae `ccjajdm t` ehsure tndt pdyoeht js odbe `h tjoe.

44 Qulsequeht t` pulmjsnjhk tne qu`teb @CWW Kujbe tne tero ”A`htrdatjhk @ccjaer‚s Reanhjadm \epresehtdtjve‟ `rA@R\, wds andhkeb t` ”A`htrdatjhk @ccjaer‚s \epresehtdtjve‟ (A@\) t` letter dmjkh wjtn terojh`m`ky useb jh tneCD\.


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Cjhdm Dubjt \ep`rt6 Wedae A`rps‚ Nedmtnadre Lehecjts Dbojhjstrdtj`h A`htrdat 4:

Rne A@\ Bjb H`t Ndve Quccjajeht Uhberstdhbjhk `c tne

A`htrdats. Ds d resumt `c ùr dubjt w`ri remdteb tà`htrdat`r perc`rodhae, exdojhjhk jhv`jajhk, dhbbjsaussj`hs wjtn tne A@\, we beterojheb tndt tne A@\ bjb

h`t ndve d succjajeht uhberstdhbjhk `c tne a`htrdat terosdhb a`hbjtj`hs. C`r exdopme, ds bjsausseb edrmjer jh tnjsrep`rt, tne a`htrdat`r cdjmeb t` c`mm`w teros dhb a`hbjtj`hsremdteb t` use `c tne OB\ cee sanebume speajcjeb jh tnea`htrdats9 o`hjt`rjhk `c a`htrdat`r perc`rodhae wdsmjojteb t` d aurs`ry revjew `c jhv`jaes suoodrjzjhkweeimy t`tdms. Rne A@\ bjb h`t rùtjhemy revjew jhbjvjbudmamdjos `r perc`ro o`hjt`rjhk ly sdopmjhk semeateb amdjostrdhsdatj`hs t` beterojhe jc tnere were dhy jssues remdteb t`wnetner tne jhv`jaeb doùhts were daaurdte dhb amdjosdbfubjadteb ly tne a`htrdat`r were dutn`rjzeb uhber tne

a`htrdat.

Curtner, we cùhb tndt tne Wedae A`rps bjb h`t verjcytndt hetw`ri cees jhv`jaeb ly tne a`htrdat`r were ldseb`h dh daaurdte daaùht `c sdvjhks danjeveb dhb wnetnertne remdteb amdjos dhb dssàjdteb re-prjaeb doùhtswere pr`permy supp`rteb ly succjajeht sùraebàuoehtdtj`h. Jh `he h`tdlme adse, tne Wedae A`rpserr`heùsmy pdjb d $4;:,777 hetw`ri cee remdteb tà`htrdat`r-ljmmeb a`st sdvjhks aòojssj`hs `h d amdjotndt ndb leeh jha`rreatmy ljmmeb t`, dhb sulsequehtmy pdjb ly, tne ceberdm Oebjadre pr`krdo. Curtner betdjm`h tnjs trdhsdatj`h js jhamubeb jh ùr OD\ (seeDppehbjx B, seatj`h C, pdkes 15-13). [e a`hamubebtndt wedihesses jh a`htrdat`r o`hjt`rjhk sjkhjcjadhtmya`htrjluteb t` jssues remdtjhk t` h`haòpmjdhae wjtna`htrdat teros dhb a`hbjtj`hs, uhdutn`rjzeb andrkes ljmmeb dhb pdjb ly tne Wedae A`rps, dhb p`tehtjdmmynjkner `verdmm a`htrdat a`sts.

Jhecceatjve A@\ O`hjt`rjhk `c A`htrdats d Qysteoja Wr`lmeo. Jh ùr


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Cjhdm Dubjt \ep`rt6 Wedae A`rps‚ Nedmtnadre Lehecjts Dbojhjstrdtj`h A`htrdat


27/61

Cjhdm Dubjt \ep`rt6 Wedae A`rps‚ Nedmtnadre Lehecjts Dbojhjstrdtj`h A`htrdat .

Rne CD\ requjres ceberdm dkehajes odjhtdjh aòpmete a`htrdatjhk cjmes, jhamubjhk a`pjes `c dmmjhv`jaes sulojtteb c`r pdyoeht, c`r d ojhjouo `c sjx yedrs dhb tnree o`htns dcter cjhdm pdyoeht. Rnjs a`hbjtj`h àaurreb leaduse dkehay `ccjajdms resp`hsjlme c`r odjhtdjhjhka`htrdatjhk rea`rbs bjb h`t ieep tnjs type `c bàuoehtdtj`h jh tne k`verhoeht a`htrdat cjmes. Dsd resumt, dhy bàuoehtdtj`h kdps aredteb ly rea`rbs h`t lejhk retdjheb c`r tne requjreb ojhjouoretehtj`h perj`b odie jt bjccjaumt, jc h`t jop`ssjlme, c`r dkehay odhdkeoeht t` beterojhewnetner questj`heb a`sts ljmmeb uhber tne a`htrdat were dutn`rjzeb, aòpmete, dhb daaurdte

snùmb jssues drjse. Jt ody dms` jopdat tne k`verhoeht‚s dljmjty t` res`mve bjsputes wjtn tnea`htrdat`r. Dbbjtj`hdmmy, sa`pe mjojtdtj`hs ody resumt jc rea`rbs adhh`t le cùhb wnjan aùmbdcceat tne k`verhoeht‚s dljmjty t` ecceatjvemy perc`ro a`htrdat am`se-ùt dubjts wneh requjreb.

Qòe jhv`jajhk rea`rbs were odjhtdjheb ly tne Wedae A`rps‚ bjslursjhk datjvjty, lut jts cjmeswere jhaòpmete leaduse sòe `mber bàuoehts `ver dh dppr`xjodte tw` yedr perj`b ndb h`t leeh retdjheb. Dms`, we cùhb tndt @NQ wds rùtjhemy reaejvjhk jhv`jaes dhb ndb retdjheb tnevdst odf`rjty `c bdtd reaejveb.

CD\ Wdrt 2, Dbojhjstrdtjve Odtters, Qulpdrt 2.> K`verhoeht A`htrdat Cjmes, presarjles tnerequjreoehts c`r estdlmjsnjhk, odjhtdjhjhk, dhb bjsp`sjhk `c a`htrdat cjmes. Dms`, Wedae A`rps

Odhudm seatj`h ;1< requjres tndt a`htrdatjhk cjmes jhamube wrjtteh daih`wmebkeoeht tndt k``bs`r servjaes were reaejveb. \ea`rb retehtj`h pr`vjbes d cumm njst`ry `c a`htrdat datjvjtjes, dhbbàuoehtdtj`h `c tnese datjvjtjes. Ljmmjhk rea`rbs pr`vjbe c`r tne heaessdry supp`rtjhkbàuoehtdtj`h jhbjadtjhk pdyoehts were requesteb dhb vehb`rs were sulsequehtmy pdjb. Rneydms` pr`vjbe c`r d bàuoeht trdjm t` cdajmjtdte jhterhdm revjews dhb dubjts `c a`htrdatjhk datjvjtjes.Dmtnùkn `tner ceberdm dkehay datjvjtjes ody ieep jhv`jaes, ldseb `h CD\ requjreoehts tne`ccjajdm rep`sjt`ry c`r jhv`jajhk bàuoehtdtj`h dre tne a`htrdat cjmes.


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DWWEHBJ^ L6 MJQR @C DA\@HZOQ

AD@ Anjec Daqujsjtj`h @ccjaer

AC@ Anjec Cjhdhajdm @ccjaerAMJH A`htrdat Mjhe Jteo Huoler

A@\ A`htrdatjhk @ccjaer‚s \epresehtdtjve

A@R\ A`htrdatjhk @ccjaer‚s Reanhjadm \epresehtdtjve

AZ Admehbdr Zedr

KD@ Keherdm Daa`uhtdljmjty @ccjae

CD\ Ceberdm Daqujsjtj`h \ekumdtj`h

CZ Cjsadm Zedr

OD\ Odhdkeoeht Dbvjs`ry \ep`rt

OB\ Oebjadm Bdtd \esedran cee sanebume

@DAO @ccjae `c Daqujsjtj`hs dhb A`htrdats Odhdkeoeht@CWW @ccjae `c Ceberdm Wr`aureoeht W`mjay

@NQ @ccjae `c Nedmtn Qervjaes

@JK @ccjae `c Jhspeat`r Keherdm

@OQ @ccjae `c Oebjadm Qervjaes

WAO Wedae A`rps Odhudm

WAO@ Wedae A`rps Oebjadm @ccjaer

WAS Wedae A`rps S`muhteer

WW@ Wrecerreb Wr`vjber @rkdhjzdtj`h

\WAS \eturheb Wedae A`rps S`muhteer

Q@[ Qtdteoeht `c [`ri


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DWWEHBJ^ B6 ODHDKEOEHR DBSJQ@\Z \ EW@\R6 WEDAE

A@\WQ‚ S@MUHREE\ NEDMRNAD\E DBOJHJQR\DRJ@H

A@HR\DAR (JK-45-71-Q\)

Bdte6 Odran 14,


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ùtsjbe tne Wedae A`rps‚ jhterhdm oebjadm uhjts. Dt dppr`xjodtemy $15 ojmmj`h `ver d cjve -yedr perj`b, tne aurreht a`htrdat (WA-4 c`r tne ldse yedr `c tne a`htrdat t` $:35,44> jh tne cjhdm `ptj`h yedr. Rne Wedae A`rpsdms` pdys d hetw`ri cee wnjan vdrjes jh doùht lut js 17 peraeht `c tne a`st sdvjhks danjeveb lytne a`htrdat`r c`r edan amdjo. Rne A`htrdat`r js h`w perc`rojhk servjaes jh tne tnjrb `c cùr`ptj`h yedrs pr`vjbeb uhber jts tnjrb a`htrdat wjtn tne Wedae A`rps. Rne aurreht a`htrdat expjresdt tne ehb `c tne cùrtn `ptj`h yedr, jc exerajseb, `h Beaeoler 14,


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jhaehtjve c`r tne a`htrdat`r t` a`htr`m a`sts dhb perc`ro ecceatjvemy dhb jop`ses d ojhjouo dbojhjstrdtjve

lurbeh up`h tne a`htrdatjhk pdrtjes.42C45

Rne a`htrdats were doehbeb oumtjpme tjoes t` dbfust tne cuhbjhk dvdjmdlme c`r tne A`htrdat`r t` pdy amdjos, dhb tne a`htrdats pmdaeb `hmy d mjojteb rjsi `r resp`hsjljmjty `h tne A`htrdat`r c`r pr`cjts `r m`sses. @h tne a`htrdry, tne a`htrdats pr`vjbe c`r pdyoeht `c dmm`wdlme jhaurreb a`sts

(oebjadm amdjos), dhb estdlmjsn d aejmjhk tndt tne A`htrdat`r aùmb h`t exaeeb wjtnùt tne WedaeA`rps‚ dppr`vdm. Jh sn`rt, tnese teros cdmm squdremy wjtnjh tne CD\‚s becjhjtj`h `c a`st-rejolurseoeht a`htrdats. 45C43

A. A`htrdat`r Mdaieb A`hseht t` Qula`htrdat Iey Qervjaes. @ur revjew dms` revedmeb tneA`htrdat`r ehkdkeb d sula`htrdat`r (”tne Qula`htrdat`r‟) t` dssjst jh tne dbfubjadtj`h pràesstnrùkn re- prjajhk `c tne vdst odf`rjty `c Wedae A`rps‚ amdjos.43C

4; Ds bjsausseb dl`ve, leaduse

tne a`htrdats jh questj`h were a`st-rejolursdlme tne a`htrdatjhk `ccjaer wds `lmjkdteb t` jhamubed amduse jh tne a`htrdat odhbdteb ly CD\ Wdrt 22 requjrjhk tne A`htrdat`r `ltdjh a`hseht t`sula`htrdat.4;C4> [e cùhb h` bàuoehteb evjbehae tndt sul-a`htrdatjhk wds dutn`rjzeb ly tneWedae A`rps. 4>C

4: Eveh tnùkn tne pr`vjsj`h wds h`t jhamubeb jh dhy `c tne a`htrdats, leaduse tne

CD\ amduse js odhbdt`ry dhb expresses suan d sjkhjcjadht strdhb `c pulmja pràureoeht p`mjay,tne amduse snùmb le jha`rp`rdteb jht` tne a`htrdats ly `perdtj`h `c mdw. Ldseb `h dppmjadlmeCD\ pr`vjsj`hs, tne A`htrdat`r snùmb ndve leeh requjreb ly tne a`htrdatjhk `ccjaer t` sulojt jtssula`htrdat`r c`r a`hseht ly tne Wedae A`rps. 4:C


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amdjos, dhb jh returh, reaejveb d peraehtdke `c tne sdvjhks jt keherdteb jh tne c`ro `c ”hetw`ricees.‟


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tndt a`umb le dttrjluteb t` servjaes perc`roeb ly tne Qula`htrdat`r. Curtnero`re, tne andrkes ljmmeb t` tne k`verhoeht (Oebjadre dhb tne Wedae A`rps), jhamubeb ::.:: peraeht `c tne `rjkjhdmn`spjtdm- ljmmeb do`uht pmus d hetw`ri cee `c fust `ver $4;:,777, exaeebjhk tne n`spjtdm‚s `rjkjhdm ljmm ly 17 peraeht. Rnjs resumteb jh t`tdm andrkes t` tne U.Q. k`verhoeht `c hedrmy $;;2,777 (seeRdlme < lem`w). Quan ljmmjhk prdatjaes dre pr`njljteb ly mdw.

Rdlme


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N`wever, tne pr`vjber jhv`jae js a`hsjbereb iey jh sulstdhtjdtjhk tne amdjo. @ur sdopmejhamubeb amdjos tndt were pr`aesseb ly tne A`htrdat`r letweeh

R`tdms6


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Cjhdm Dubjt \ep`rt6 Wedae A`rps‚ Nedmtnadre Lehecjts Dbojhjstrdtj`h A`htrdat 1;

1. Rne dkehay bevem`p d njkn qudmjty stdteoeht `c w`ri tndt amedrmy sets ùt dmm a`htrdatrequjreoehts usjhk tne dssjstdhae `c dppr`prjdte dhb heaessdry teanhjadm expertjse,jhamubjhk lrjhkjhk jh ùtsjbe nedmtn adre jhsurdhae experts.

2. Rne dkehay ehsure tndt jts remdteb resedran, daqujsjtj`h pmdhhjhk, s`mjajtdtj`h pràess,

evdmudtj`h `c pr`p`sdms, dhb a`htrdat dwdrb js tjoemy t` ehdlme jt t` trdhsjtj`h t` d hewa`htrdat ly h` mdter tndh Fdhudry 4,


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Cjhdm Dubjt \ep`rt6 Wedae A`rps‚ Nedmtnadre Lehecjts Dbojhjstrdtj`h A`htrdat 1>

DWWEHBJ^ E6 DKEHAZ‚Q \ EQW@HQE R@ RNE W\EMJOJHJD\Z

\ EW@\R


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DWWEHBJ^ C6 @JK A@OOEHRQ

Wedae A`rps odhdkeoeht a`haurreb wjtn 42 `c tne 45 reaòoehbdtj`hs odbe jh ùr rep`rt dhb

h`h-a`haurreb wjtn `he. Jh tnejr resp`hse, odhdkeoeht besarjleb datj`hs tney dre tdijhk `r

jhtehb t` tdie t` dbbress tne jssues tndt pròpteb edan `c ùr reaòoehbdtj`hs. Ldseb `h tne

bàuoehtdtj`h pr`vjbeb, we am`seb cjve reaòoehbdtj`hs. Wmedse h`te tndt jh am`sjhk

reaòoehbdtj`hs we dre h`t aertjcyjhk tndt tne dkehay nds tdieh tnese datj`hs `r tndt we ndve

revjeweb tnejr ecceat. Aertjcyjhk jopmeoehtdtj`h dhb verjcyjhk ecceatjvehess dre odhdkeoeht‚s

resp`hsjljmjtjes. N`wever, wneh dppr`prjdte, we ody a`hbuat d c`mm`w-up revjew t` a`hcjro tndt

datj`h nds leeh tdieh dhb t` evdmudte wnetner datj`h tdieh wds ecceatjve.

Hjhe reaòoehbdtj`hs reodjh `peh pehbjhk jopmeoehtdtj`h `c a`rreatjve datj`hs. Jh ùr

`pjhj`h, Wedae A`rps odhdkeoeht‚s aòoehts t` tne rep`rt were keherdmmy resp`hsjve .

N`wever, we bjsdkree wjtn odhdkeoeht‚s ldsjs c`r h`h-a`haurrjhk wjtn reaòoehbdtj`h 3.Dms`, we b` h`t dkree tndt tne besarjleb a`rreatjve datj`hs tdieh rekdrbjhk reaòoehbdtj`hs >,

4


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Cjhdm Dubjt \ep`rt6 Wedae A`rps‚ Nedmtnadre Lehecjts Dbojhjstrdtj`h A`htrdat 56 Odhdkeoeht a`haurreb wjtn ùr reaòoehbdtj`h t` o`bjcy tne

preseht a`htrdat t` o`re daaurdtemy jbehtjcy dhb besarjle wndt tne AMJHs dre jhtehbeb t`

a`ver dhb lredi ùt tne `lmjkdteb doùhts c`r ljmmeb amdjos dhb tne hetw`ri cees uhber

oumtjpme sepdrdte AMJHs. N`wever, we bjsdkree wjtn odhdkeoeht tndt tnjsreaòoehbdtj`h wds cummy jopmeoehteb tnrùkn tw` a`htrdat o`bjcjadtj`hs ds bjsausseb

jh tnejr resp`hse. O`bjcjadtj`h 775, jssueb jh Dprjm


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daqujsjtj`h `ccjaer, dhb tne a`htrdatjhk `ccjaer ndve leeh estdlmjsneb t` bjsauss tne

a`htrdat. Jh dbbjtj`h, odhdkeoeht oehtj`heb tndt `tner perj`bja oeetjhks ndve leeh

estdlmjsneb wjtn Wedae A`rps sehj`r `ccjajdms c`r purp`ses `c odjhtdjhjhk

aòouhjadtj`hs `h tne a`htrdat. Dmtnùkn we dkree tndt tnese rekumdrmy sanebumeb

oeetjhks snùmb jopr`ve aòouhjadtj`hs, we ehaùrdke odhdkeoeht t` dms` jhamube tne

A@\ ds d pdrtjajpdht.

\eaòoehbdtj`h 456 Odhdkeoeht a`haurreb wjtn ùr reaòoehbdtj`h tndt p`mjay le

jopmeoehteb t` requjre dmm jhv`jajhk bàuoehts le odjhtdjheb jh tne Wedae A`rps‚

`ccjajdm a`htrdatjhk cjmes. Jh resp`hse t` tnjs reaòoehbdtj`h, odhdkeoeht jhbjadteb tndt

sjhae CD\ Qulpdrt 2.> dmredby pr`vjbes tndt suan bàuoehtdtj`h le retdjheb, estdlmjsnjhk

speajcja p`mjay js h`t requjreb. [e b` h`t dkree wjtn odhdkeoeht‚s p`sjtj`h tndt dkehay

p`mjay js uhheaessdry. Ds bjsausseb jh tne dubjt rep`rt, ùr ldsjs c`r reaòoehbjhk

wrjtteh p`mjay remdtes t` tne cdat tndt jhv`jajhk bàuoehtdtj`h nds h`t leeh a`hsjstehtmy

iept jh tne `ccjajdm a`htrdatjhk cjmes. Curtner, jopmeoehtdtj`h `c p`mjay o`re ecceatjvemydbbresses reoebjdtj`h `c tne becjajeht a`hbjtj`h cùhb ly rejhc`rajhk tne ceberdm

requjreoeht dhb servjhk t` lredi tne m`hk-stdhbjhk dkehay aumture `c h`t aòpmyjhk wjtn

tnjs odhbdteb requjreoeht.


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DWWEHBJ^ K6 DUBJR A@OWMERJ@H DHB @JK A@HRDAR

DUBJR A@OWMERJ@H Rnjs dubjt wds jhjtjdteb uhber tne bjreatj`h `c c`roer DssjstdhtJhspeat`r Keherdm c`r Dubjt Lrdbmey Krull dhb ly Expert

Dubjt`r Wnjmmjpe Bdray. Dbbjtj`hdm dubjt w`ri wds perc`roebuhber tne bjreatj`h `c Dssjstdht Jhspeat`r Keherdm c`r DubjtFuby Me`hndrbt dhb ly Expert A`hsumtdht Feccrey Mee, MedbDubjt`r Ndm Hdhdvdtj, dhb Dubjt`r Dhh Mdwrehae.

@JK A@HRDAR Jc yù wjsn t` aòoeht `h tne qudmjty `r usecumhess `c tnjs

rep`rt t` nemp us strehktneh ùr pr`buat, pmedse a`htdatDssjstdht Jhspeat`r Keherdm c`r Dubjt Fuby Me`hndrbt dt fme`hndrbtGpedaea`rps.k`v `r


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Nemp Wrò`te tne Jhtekrjty,Eccjajehay, dhb Ecceatjvehess `c tneWedae A`rps

Dhy`he ih`wjhk `c wdstecum prdatjaes, dluse,ojsodhdkeoeht, crdub, `r uhmdwcum datjvjty jhv`mvjhk Wedae

A`rps pr`krdos `r pers`hhem snùmb a`htdat tne @ccjae `cJhspeat`r Keherdm. \ep`rts `r aòpmdjhts adh dms` le odbe

dh`hyoùsmy.

A`htdat @JK

\ep`rtjhk N`tmjhe6

U.Q./Jhterhdtj`hdm6

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