PDX DEICING PDX DEICING STORMWATER STORMWATER

SYSTEMSYSTEM

Presentation for

Pacific Northwest Pretreatment Conference

September 15, 2005

Presentation prepared byPresentation prepared by

• Richard Vincent Richard Vincent Deicing Operations ManagerDeicing Operations Manager

Portland International AirportPortland International AirportPort of Portland – (503) 460-4685Port of Portland – (503) 460-4685richard.vincent@portofportland.comrichard.vincent@portofportland.com

• Eric DeBerry Eric DeBerry Pretreatment Permit ManagerPretreatment Permit ManagerCity of Portland Bureau of EnvironmentalCity of Portland Bureau of EnvironmentalServices – (503) 823-5538Services – (503) 823-5538ericd@bes.ci.portland.or.usericd@bes.ci.portland.or.us

DEICING ACTIVITESDEICING ACTIVITES FROST DEICING & ANTI- ICINGFROST DEICING & ANTI- ICING

• AIRCRAFTAIRCRAFT• RUNWAYS & TAXIWAYSRUNWAYS & TAXIWAYS

WINTER STORM EVENTSWINTER STORM EVENTS• AIRCRAFT DEICINGAIRCRAFT DEICING• RUNWAY, TAXIWAY AND RAMP DEICINGRUNWAY, TAXIWAY AND RAMP DEICING• LANDSIDE ROADS & WALKWAYSLANDSIDE ROADS & WALKWAYS

FROST FROST DEICINGDEICING

WINTER STORM WINTER STORM EVENTEVENT

JANUARYJANUARY 20042004

AIRCRAFTAIRCRAFT DEICINGDEICING & & FLIGHT SAFETYFLIGHT SAFETY

Ice accumulation of 1/64Ice accumulation of 1/64TH TH of an inch on the of an inch on the leading edge of an aircraft wing decreases lift leading edge of an aircraft wing decreases lift on takeoff by as much as 25%on takeoff by as much as 25%

FAA requires that aircraft wings, propellers, FAA requires that aircraft wings, propellers, windshield, engines, flight instrument systems, windshield, engines, flight instrument systems, fuselage and control fuselage and control

surfaces must be free surfaces must be free

of frost, ice and/or of frost, ice and/or

snow prior to taking snow prior to taking off – off – Federal Aviation Federal Aviation

Administration Regulation Administration Regulation

(FAR) Part 121(FAR) Part 121

BOD CONCENTRATIONS OF BOD CONCENTRATIONS OF APPROVED CHEMICALSAPPROVED CHEMICALS

FAA APPROVED AIRCRAFT DEICERSFAA APPROVED AIRCRAFT DEICERS

ETHYLENE GLYCOLETHYLENE GLYCOL

PROPYLENE GLYCOLPROPYLENE GLYCOL

FAA APPROVED PAVEMENT DEICERSFAA APPROVED PAVEMENT DEICERS

POTASSIUM ACETATEPOTASSIUM ACETATE

SODIUM FORMATESODIUM FORMATE

*Values represent pure product. The glycols are diluted at least 50% prior *Values represent pure product. The glycols are diluted at least 50% prior to applicationto application

5.6 lbs/gal5.6 lbs/gal9.0 lbs/gal9.0 lbs/gal

1.2 lbs/gal1.2 lbs/gal 0.6 lbs/gal0.6 lbs/gal

BOD – Biochemical Oxygen BOD – Biochemical Oxygen DemandDemand

Measure of how much Measure of how much dissolved oxygen is being dissolved oxygen is being consumed as microbes consumed as microbes break down organic matter.break down organic matter.

BODBOD TestTest ConsiderationsConsiderations

Results are not absolute values, they Results are not absolute values, they are subject to variability (seed quality, are subject to variability (seed quality, dilution, pH)dilution, pH)

Difficult to compare results between Difficult to compare results between LabsLabs

BOD5 test takes five days to completeBOD5 test takes five days to complete

BOD vs. CODBOD vs. COD

COD results within hours vs. daysCOD results within hours vs. days Statistical correlation can be Statistical correlation can be

made between BOD and CODmade between BOD and COD For deicing glycols: BOD For deicing glycols: BOD mg/Lmg/L = =

0.62(COD) + 142 0.62(COD) + 142 mg/Lmg/L

PDX WATER QUALITY PDX WATER QUALITY RELATED PERMITSRELATED PERMITS

OREGON DEQ ISSUED PERMITSOREGON DEQ ISSUED PERMITS• INDIVIDUAL NPDES DEICING PERMITINDIVIDUAL NPDES DEICING PERMIT• 1200-COLS GENERAL STORMWATER PERMIT1200-COLS GENERAL STORMWATER PERMIT• 1700-B WPCF 1700-B WPCF • INDIVIDUAL NPDES DEWATERING PERMITINDIVIDUAL NPDES DEWATERING PERMIT• 1200-CA EROSION CONTROL PERMIT1200-CA EROSION CONTROL PERMIT• MS-4 COPERMITEEMS-4 COPERMITEE

CITY OF PORTLAND – BUREAU OF CITY OF PORTLAND – BUREAU OF ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES (BES)ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES (BES)• PRETREATMENT PERMITPRETREATMENT PERMIT

City of Portland Pretreatment City of Portland Pretreatment Permit RequirementsPermit Requirements

Daily maximum Daily maximum at willat will mass discharge mass discharge limit of 1,200 lbs BOD.limit of 1,200 lbs BOD.

Controlled dry weather BOD limit of Controlled dry weather BOD limit of 5,000 lbs per day weekdays, 10,000 5,000 lbs per day weekdays, 10,000 lbs per day weekends. lbs per day weekends. Requires BES Requires BES approval and secondary treatment.approval and secondary treatment.

Discharge shall not exceed 300 gpm.Discharge shall not exceed 300 gpm.

CONCENTRATED COLLECTION SYSTEMCONCENTRATED COLLECTION SYSTEM• Collects high strength material from aircraft Collects high strength material from aircraft

deicing activities near the terminaldeicing activities near the terminal

DILUTE COLLECTION SYSTEMDILUTE COLLECTION SYSTEM• Collects runway & taxiway deicing materials Collects runway & taxiway deicing materials

as well as drip and shear from aircraft as well as drip and shear from aircraft maneuvering for take-offmaneuvering for take-off

• Provides a back-up to the concentrated Provides a back-up to the concentrated systemsystem

TWO COLLECTION SYSTEMSTWO COLLECTION SYSTEMS

NORMAL RUNOFF BASINSNORMAL RUNOFF BASINS

DEICING SYSTEM ON – DRAINAGE BASINSDEICING SYSTEM ON – DRAINAGE BASINS

BASIC DEICING SYSTEM LAYOUTBASIC DEICING SYSTEM LAYOUT

CONCENTRATED SYSTEMCONCENTRATED SYSTEM

SUPERVISORY CONTROL AND DATA SUPERVISORY CONTROL AND DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM (SCADA)ACQUISITION SYSTEM (SCADA)

FOUR PUMP STATIONSFOUR PUMP STATIONS 2 + MILES OF PRESSURE LINES2 + MILES OF PRESSURE LINES REMOTE VALVESREMOTE VALVES FIVE BOD METERSFIVE BOD METERS FLOW METERSFLOW METERS 2 MILLION GALLON STORAGE TANK2 MILLION GALLON STORAGE TANK SNOW CONTAINMENT PADSNOW CONTAINMENT PAD TRUCK LOAD-OUT FACILITYTRUCK LOAD-OUT FACILITY

CONCENTRATED COLLECTION SYSTEM CONCENTRATED COLLECTION SYSTEM LAYOUTLAYOUT

Glycol Glycol Recovery Recovery VehiclesVehicles

On standby whenever the On standby whenever the temperature is below 40° F temperature is below 40° F

Most efficient for frost Most efficient for frost deicing operationsdeicing operations

Limited performance Limited performance during freezing during freezing

precipitation eventsprecipitation events

FOUR PUMP STATION CONTROL FOUR PUMP STATION CONTROL BUILDINGSBUILDINGS

PUMP STATION A LOCATIONPUMP STATION A LOCATION

TWO – MILLION TWO – MILLION GALLON STORAGE GALLON STORAGE

TANK TANK & TRUCK LOAD-OUT & TRUCK LOAD-OUT

FACILITYFACILITY

SNOW CONTAINMENT PADSNOW CONTAINMENT PAD

SNOW CONTAINMENT PADSNOW CONTAINMENT PAD

pH METER INSTALLATIONpH METER INSTALLATION

BOD METERSBOD METERS

BOD METER – ISCO AIRPORT BIOX 1015BOD METER – ISCO AIRPORT BIOX 1015

Measures level of BOD in Measures level of BOD in real timereal time

Allows the diversion of flow Allows the diversion of flow based on BOD based on BOD concentrationconcentration

Key component in loading Key component in loading calculationscalculations

PDX operates twelve (12) PDX operates twelve (12) BIOX instrumentsBIOX instruments

$60,000 per instrument$60,000 per instrument

$250,000 per year in $250,000 per year in operations/maintenance operations/maintenance costscosts

BIO-REACTOR

SAMPLE IN FLOW

SU

BS

TR

AT

E IN

FLO

W

TO FEED BIO-REACTOR WHENSAMPLE FLOW

DOES NOTPROVIDE

ENOUGH “FOOD”

MIXING TODILUTESAMPLE

CITY WATER CARBONFILTER

EFFLUENT LINEN

UT

RIE

NT

IN F

LOW

PROVIDESNUTRIENT FORHEALTH OF BIO-

REACTOR “BUGS”

DIS

SO

LVE

D O

XY

GE

N P

RO

BE

E 1

DIS

SO

LVE

D O

XY

GE

N P

RO

BE

E O

BOD METER – ISCO AIRPORT BIOX 1015BOD METER – ISCO AIRPORT BIOX 1015

Bio-ReactorBio-Reactor

Matrix

Bio-Media

BIOX LimitationsBIOX Limitations

Adaptation period for BOD sources Adaptation period for BOD sources other than glycolsother than glycols

Limited ability to detect or measure Limited ability to detect or measure insoluble BOD sources due to short insoluble BOD sources due to short residence time in the medium.residence time in the medium.

Comparison of BOD Test Comparison of BOD Test ResultsResults

Prepared Prepared ConcentrationConcentration

BIOX BIOX ReadingReading WPCLWPCL CASCAS

50400 50400 mg/Lmg/L 50272 50272 mg/Lmg/L 45300 45300 mg/Lmg/L

47800 47800 mg/Lmg/L

46800 46800 mg/Lmg/L

47300 47300 mg/Lmg/L

46800 46800 mg/Lmg/L averageaverage

48100 48100 mg/Lmg/L

47900 47900 mg/Lmg/L

48700 48700 mg/Lmg/L

45700 45700 mg/Lmg/L

47233 47233 mg/Lmg/L averageaverage

1:20 dilution 1:20 dilution of Aircraft of Aircraft

Deicing Fluid Deicing Fluid (Propylene (Propylene

Glycol)Glycol)

Averaged Averaged over 10 over 10

hour period hour period analyzing analyzing

the samplethe sample

BIOX Field ModificationsBIOX Field Modifications

Replaced existing fittings with more Replaced existing fittings with more bio-compatible materialsbio-compatible materials

Adjusted pH of nutrient feedAdjusted pH of nutrient feed Eliminated residual chlorine in City Eliminated residual chlorine in City

feed waterfeed water Feed biomass propylene glycol, Feed biomass propylene glycol,

potassium acetate & sodium formatepotassium acetate & sodium formate

BIOX Maintenance BIOX Maintenance RequirementsRequirements

Two to three weeks to start-up all Two to three weeks to start-up all twelve meters at the beginning of the twelve meters at the beginning of the seasonseason

Approximately 7 hours per week per Approximately 7 hours per week per instrument for regular maintenance instrument for regular maintenance and calibrationand calibration

Staff must be available 24/7 to respond Staff must be available 24/7 to respond to BIOX alarmsto BIOX alarms

Two to three weeks to mothball all Two to three weeks to mothball all twelve meters at the end of the seasontwelve meters at the end of the season

SCADA SYSTEM MAIN DISPLAYSCADA SYSTEM MAIN DISPLAY

SCADA SYSTEM DISPLAY – PUMP STATION J SCADA SYSTEM DISPLAY – PUMP STATION J (CONCENTRATE STORAGE TANK)(CONCENTRATE STORAGE TANK)

BIOX Meter ReadingsBIOX Meter Readings

Pump Pump StationStation DateDate TimeTime ValueValue

PSJPSJ 4/23/20044/23/2004 10:0410:04 6162.5 6162.5 mg/Lmg/L

PSJPSJ 4/23/20044/23/2004 10:0910:09 6106.5 6106.5 mg/Lmg/L

PSJPSJ 4/23/20044/23/2004 10:1410:14 6121.1 6121.1 mg/Lmg/L

PSJPSJ 4/23/20044/23/2004 10:1910:19 6167.3 6167.3 mg/Lmg/L

SCADA ReportsSCADA ReportsSupervisory Control and Data AcquisitionSupervisory Control and Data Acquisition

DateDate LBS BODLBS BOD Allowable Allowable BODBOD

Total Flow Total Flow GallonsGallons

02/15/200402/15/2004 4,9234,923 5,0005,000 108,800108,800

02/16/200402/16/2004 3,0153,015 5,0005,000 75,80075,800

02/17/200402/17/2004 1,1621,162 1,2001,200 24,71024,710

Compliance MonitoringCompliance Monitoring

AirportAirport - BIOX accepted for BOD - BIOX accepted for BOD controlcontrol

AirportAirport - Continuous pH monitoring - Continuous pH monitoring PortlandPortland - A grab sample is taken, and - A grab sample is taken, and

the BIOX reading is recorded. If the the BIOX reading is recorded. If the sample result is within + or – 15% of sample result is within + or – 15% of the BIOX reading, the sample is in the BIOX reading, the sample is in compliance.compliance.

DILUTE SYSTEMDILUTE SYSTEM

SUPERVISORY CONTROL AND DATA SUPERVISORY CONTROL AND DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM (SCADA)ACQUISITION SYSTEM (SCADA)

FIVE PUMP STATIONSFIVE PUMP STATIONS 2 + MILES OF PRESSURE LINES2 + MILES OF PRESSURE LINES REMOTE VALVESREMOTE VALVES SEVEN BOD METERSSEVEN BOD METERS FLOW METERSFLOW METERS 13 MILLION GALLON DETENTION 13 MILLION GALLON DETENTION

BASINBASIN

DILUTE COLLECTION SYSTEM LAYOUTDILUTE COLLECTION SYSTEM LAYOUT

PUMP STATIONS I & 6PUMP STATIONS I & 6

PUMP STATION E – VERTICAL TURBINE PUMPSPUMP STATION E – VERTICAL TURBINE PUMPS

PUMP STATION FPUMP STATION F

DILUTE DETENTION BASINDILUTE DETENTION BASIN

DILUTE DETENTION BASINDILUTE DETENTION BASIN

DILUTE DETENTION BASINDILUTE DETENTION BASIN

SCADA SYSTEM DISPLAY – PUMP STATION I SCADA SYSTEM DISPLAY – PUMP STATION I (DILUTE DETENTION BASIN)(DILUTE DETENTION BASIN)