The UDS-Black Box - A Contribution to Road Safety … Presentation Rimini.pdfA Contribution to Road Safety Policy, Fleet Operations and Cost Savings ... with the introduction of automatic

The UDS-Black Box in car accidents RR Schmidt-Cotta IC 43 LI, März 2003©

The UDS-Black BoxA Contribution to Road Safety Policy,

Fleet Operations and Cost Savings SISS, SOCITRAS Conference, Rimini 12.11.2004

Ralf-Roland Schmidt-CottaAttorney at Law

Siemens VDO AutomotiveInternational Relations

Germany


Structure

100 mmAcceleration sensor technology (double-axis)

Compass

Mixed signal A S I C

Emergency power supply

Clock

Battery

Analogue, digital, and frequency inputs

Acceleration sensor technology (double-axis)

Compass

Mixed signal A S I C

Emergency power supply

Clock

Battery

Analogue, digital, and frequency inputs

100 mm


Date/time

Status inputs(ignition, light, ... up to 10)

Wheel speed

Transverse acceleration

Change of direction

Longitudinal acceleration

Date/time

Status inputs(ignition, light, ... up to 10)

Wheel speed

Transverse acceleration

Change of direction

Longitudinal acceleration

Black Box - Sensors and Status Inputs

The UDS-Black Box in car accidents


Typical example of a pile-up collision


Accident situation:Vehicle No. 1 breaks,vehicles 2-4 crash into No. 1 and into each other.Vehicle No. 3 claims to have stopped in time, but to have been pushed by No. 4 into No. 2

What happened really?

12

34

xx

x


Memory SizeThree memories for events triggered by button/standstill

Nine memories for events triggered automatically

One memory forlong-term statistical data

Three memories for events triggered by button/standstill

Nine memories for events triggered automatically

One memory forlong-term statistical data


-3 -2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3Time [s]

BrakeIndicator left

Indicator rightLow beam

Ignition

-3 -2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

Acceleration[m/s²]

Transversal accelerationLongitudinal acceleration

1. Rear Impact

2. Front impact

Mediumbraking

Start of braking

1. Rear Impact

2. Front impact

Mediumbraking

Start of braking

Example serial collision


1 23 45 6

1


On-board devices in the european view“ European transport policy for 2010: time to decide“

<<Technological developments will also enhance the usual methods of controll and

penalties, with the introduction of automatic devices and on-board driving aids.

In the same context, the eventual fitting in road vehicles, as in other forms of transport,of Black Boxes to record parameters which help explain the causes of accidents, will ...

– make motorists more responsible,– speed up court proceedings following accidents,– lower the cost of court proceedings and– enable more effective prevention measures to be taken. >>

The White Paper of the European Commission (Sept. 2001)

Promoting new technologies to improve roadsafety



• Automatic accident identification• Automatic accident message to the rescue centre:

• Assessment of seriousness of accident•Transmission of type of freight (dangerous goods) or number of people respectively (Bus) • Driver and vehicle identification• Automatic voice communication to the rescue centre• Scene of accident

UDS 2.0+ Satellite Module+ GSM Module

Position detected

Complete event message via GSM or satellite

Rescue centre • Accident data analysis• Event data bank• Voice communication to

the accident vehicle

Scene of the accident

Access to appropriate task force

PoliceFire brigadeAmbulanceDisaster control

Galileo/GPS

Automatic Crash Notification System with UDS



0

200.000

400.000

600.000

800.000

1.000.000

1.200.000

1.400.000

1.600.000

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

Trucks/BussesPassenger Cars

Km(1.000)/accident

Kilometers travelled per accidentwith personal injury in Germany

Improvement

Tachograph-introduction in EU


The tachograph case:


Accidents per vehicle number in Italy

12,815,8

23,524,7

5,66,8

7,68,910,813,4

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

`75 `80 `85 `90 `93

Acci

dent

spe

r 1.0

00 v

ehic

les

Trucks /BusesCars

The tachograph case:

Introductionof tachograph



Collisions Costs Samovar/EU/B/NL/GB (1995) -28% -40%WKD Security/D (1995/1996) -30% n.n.Federal Police Vienna/A (1995/1996) -18% -40%Suedbaden Bus Co./D (1996) -18% -59%Taxis Hatscher/D (1996/1997) -66% n.n.Berlin Police/D (1997/1998) -20% -25%Border Police/D (1999/2000) - 9% -34%Rotterdam Police/NL (1999/2000) n.n. -25%London Met. Police/GB (2000/2001) -25% n.n.

UDS References



Project Country - Year Responsable/Partner

KriSiS D - 1999/2000 DVR/Driving SchoolsCanton Polices CH - since 2001 Bosshard/Winterthur InsurancePolice Fleets GB - since 2001 County Police ForcesRisk Management CH - 2002 Winterthur Insurance/Fuji Co.Motorcycles CH - 2003 Winterthur InsuranceSchool Transport E - 2003 Catalunya, Valencia, MadridOfficial Vehicles F - 2004 Ministry of Transport, ParisFleets I - 2004/05 Bus and Truck Fleets/Reg.Govmts.

E-Call EU - since 2002 E-Safety - E-Merge e.a.VERONICA EU - 2005-2007 SIEMENS VDO and 30 Partners

UDS - Projects and Perspectives

2


UDS Driving Events – Inividual Evaluation *

• Driving events of the fleet can be compared with those of the drivers.

• Most driving events occur in the speed area 30-50 km/h.

• Driver A has with an identical vehicle a higher density of driving events than driver B.

- Driver A

- Driver B

Fleet Average

* Example: Service fleet in Switzerland

UDS-Data: Fleet Management

Comparision speed distribution µ / 1000 km

Fleet value: 0.137 µ / 1000 km, Average µ : 0.027

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150[km/h]

µ/10

00km

]


Investigation: Statistical Analysis

UDS-Data: Fleet Management

Risk factor related to time in a test fleet in Milan

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

04:00to

05:00

05:00to

06:00

06:00to

07:00

07:00to

08:00

08:00to

09:00

09:00to

10:00

10:00to

11:00

11:00to

12:00

12:00to

13:00

13:00to

14:00

14:00to

15:00

15:00to

16:00

16:00to

17:00

17:00to

18:00

18:00to

19:00

19:00to

20:00

20:00to

21:00

21:00to

22:00Time

Ris

k fa

ctor


Folksam-Investigation about injury risk with Real-Life-Data

50

100

150

200

250

0 5 10 15 20 25

No injuryn=144

MAIS1n=171

MAIS2+n=56

Dur

atio

n (m

s)

Mean acceleration (g) N=371

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

0 5 10 15 20 25

No injuryn=144

MAIS1n=171

MAIS2+n=56

Peak

acc

eler

atio

n (g

)

Mean acceleration (g) N=371

UDS and Whiplash Problems


Vehicle Risk Management

REPPID - Reportunit for Positioning, Identification and Dataprocessing

InternetInternet

Server Database

Server Database

PositionDatabasePositionDatabase

(Mobile-) Office(Mobile-) Office

• Realtime-Fleet-Access (RFA) via GPRS/GSM for a permanent Accessability and Dataexchange

• Instant Messaging in Emergency Cases

• Positioning (GPS) and Driver Identification

• Realtime-Fleet-Access (RFA) via GPRS/GSM for a permanent Accessability and Dataexchange

• Instant Messaging in Emergency Cases

• Positioning (GPS) and Driver Identification


Vehicle Risk Management

Main Applications for UDS/REPPID

Features of RFA (Realtime-Fleet-Access):Automatic Event Recognition Autonomous Eventreport „Emergency Call“ ReleaseIncident Severity Check (ISC) Vehicle Status (e.g. on duty / off duty)Tracking / Tracing controlled by Office AccessOnline Data Analysis

Additional Data-Management for UDS – Statistical Data and DatalogbookDriver-dependant Datalogging (Driver-ID)Position-dependant Datalogging (GPS)

Profits:Instant Data-Availability for better Evaluation of Accidental SituationsHigher Process Efficiency through Online-UDS-AccessHigher Process Efficiency through Fleet Management FunctionsInitiation of Rescue Procedures for Persons in DangerInitiation of Saving Procedures for Goods in Transit


Thank you for your attention!

[email protected]

Tel. 0049-7721-67-3332Fax 0049-7721-67-2275

3

Documents

The UDS-Black Box - A Contribution to Road Safety … Presentation Rimini.pdfA Contribution to Road Safety Policy, Fleet Operations and Cost Savings ... with the introduction of automatic