Iac2 Complete Mold Inspection Report Cover Page Complete Mold Inspection Report Cover Page Florida St., Your Town FL, 34292 Inspection prepared for: Real Sample Report ... off valves

VPSIac2 Complete Mold Inspection Report

Cover Page

Florida St., Your Town FL, 34292Inspection prepared for: Real Sample Report

Inspection Date: 3/1/2011 Time: 1 PM Age: 27 years Size: 4,500 SF

Weather: Partly ClearCalm, 0 - 5 MPH, 73 F, 83 RH

Inspector: A E HaasLic. # NACHI10120602, Florida Lic. HI1872

836 Sunset Lake Blvd Ste 103, Venice, FL 34292Phone: 941-492-4340 Fax: 941-492-4772

Email: [email protected]://www.veniceprofessionalservices.com

VPS Florida St., Your Town, FL

Page 1 of 22

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Report SummaryReport Summary

The summary below consists of potentially significant findings. These findings can be a safety hazard, a deficiencyrequiring a major expenses to correct or items I would like to draw extra attention to. The summary is not a completelisting of all the findings in the report, and reflects the opinion of the inspector. Please review all of the pages of the reportas the summary alone does not explain all the issues. All repairs must be done by a licensed and bonded trade orprofession. I recommend obtaining a copy of all receipts, warranties and permits for the work done..PlumbingPage 6 Item: 1 Main Water Line • Some hot water and other connections/cut off valves have corrosion,

need plumbing inspections.Attic, Ventilation and InsulationPage 7 Item: 2 Ventilation of Attic • Correct vent terminations in the attic.InteriorPage 8 Item: 1 Walls, Ceilings,

Floors, Doors andWindows

• Several mold-like stains noted especially in closet locations.

Page 8 Item: 2 Kitchen, Bath andLaundry Ventilation

• Bathroom exhaust ducts vented into the attic space. This is a moistureissue. Correction required.

Moisture, Humidity and TemperaturePage 9 Item: 1 Moisture Intrusion • Drywall moisture excessive in bathroom #3 near foyer.


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Inspection Details

Roof

Exterior and Grounds

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1. AttendanceMaterials:• Homeowner present during inspection.

2. Home TypeMaterials:• Single Family Home.

3. occupancyMaterials:• Moderate to heavy personal and household items observed.• Furnished: Heavy volume of personal and household items observed.

1. Roof TypeMaterials: Wood shingles / shakes.Observations:• Recommend remove debris. These cause moisture retention.• Tree, vegetation touching roof.• Roof material appeared in excellent condition.

2. Drainage, Gutters and DownspoutsObservations:• Gutters and downspouts seemed to be in good condition.• The gutters are restricted by debris. If the water runoff from the roof is not allowed to drain freely and properly throughthe gutter system, a backup of water will occur and can make its way under the roofing materials and into the house.• The termination of the downspouts was not seen. If the water ends up close to the foundation this would add tointerior moisture. Recommend investigation if other measures of moisture reduction are not working.

3. Chimneys, Skylights and PenetrationsObservations:• Skylights seemed intact, no indications of problems. This is particularly good as most skylights do leak.


Page 4 of 22

Basement, Foundation, Crawlspace

Heating, Cooling and Ventilation

1. Exterior GradingObservations:• Area is low lying and water table can be high adding to moisture accumulation.• Plants up against the house contribute to moisture build up and to insect access.

2. Cladding, Flashing and TrimObservations:• Appeared to have good flashing.

3. Doors, WindowsObservations:• These areas require routine, sometimes yearly, maintenance like caulking to help keep out moisture. Many windowsneed some paint and clean up. Some are painted shut.

1. RemarksObservations:• Appears intact.

1. Air Handler, Fan and FilterObservations:• Possible mold-like substance in air handler systems. Could also just have been dirt. Normally we would have obtaineda culture. See final notes.

Air handler in foyer is a mismatch and has poor (if any)filtration.

Garage heat pump unit - multiple issues including leaks.Needs full A/C contractor evaluation.


Page 5 of 22

Plumbing

Garage air handler needs to be reworked / sealed. Heat pump in good condition visually in BR #3. Recommendlowering air speed to enhance moisture removal.

2. Visible DuctworkObservations:• Moisture damage noted on ductwork. Damaged ducts.• Possible loose connections noted.

3. Supply and Return RegistersObservations:• Areas with possible mold-like substance on grill work.• Culture / Contact sample would normally be obtained from surface. Not done. See final notes.

4. Central Air Conditioning UnitObservations:• Air handlers needed to be inspected, optimized, by an A/C consultant.

4 ton unit near kitchen. This needs to be leveled.

1. Main Water LineObservations:• No leaks seen on visual inspection of visible major supply lines.• Some hot water and other connections/cut off valves have corrosion, need plumbing inspections.


Page 6 of 22

Attic, Ventilation and Insulation

2. Water Supply LinesMaterials: Copper, L-Type pipe seen in some visible areas. This is better than some of the thinner "M" pipe often usedtoday.

3. Drain, Waste and Vent PipingMaterials: PVC noted in most visible areas.Observations:• No major defects noted other than the small leak ? loose connection ? under the kitchen sink.

Leak under sink, Make sure dispoal wire cannot sag onto wet area.

4. Hot Water SourceObservations:• Hot water heaters appeared in good condition, no signs of leakage except for the spot of corrosion in the garage.

5. FixturesObservations:• No signs of weaknesses contributing to moisture intrusion.

1. InsulationMaterials: 9-10" • Fiberglass batts with kraft paper vapor barrier.Observations:• Some attic insulation is installed with the vapor barrier reversed. This needs to be corrected to allow the vapor barrierto perform as intended.• Multiple areas (as previously documented) were missing insulation contributing to excessive air movement throughthe ceilings. This contributes to moisture intrusion.

2. Ventilation of AtticObservations:• Soffits partially blocked by insulation, needs correction.• Bathroom ducts terminated in the attic contributing to attic moisture and therefore interior moisture levels. This needscorrection.• Correct vent terminations in the attic.


Page 7 of 22

Interior

Multiple bathroom vent fans duct into attic space - defect.

3. FramingObservations:• Truss construction.

4. SheathingObservations:• Plywood roof sheathing. No moisture issues or evidence of leaks seen during the inspection.

1. Walls, Ceilings, Floors, Doors and WindowsMaterials: Interior stains noted in locations: • Foyer closets. • Multiple other closets. • Master Bathroom closet areas.Observations:• Culture / Contact sample obtained from surface.• Several mold-like stains noted especially in closet locations.

Bathroom #3 next to foyer with stains on grill. Fan does notoperate.

Close up of grill bathroom #3.


Page 8 of 22

Moisture, Humidity and Temperature

Multiple other grills with stains. We did not test - see finalnotes.

Multiple other grills with stains. We did not test - see finalnotes.

Wide view of master BR closet area. Close up in master area showing grill.

2. Kitchen, Bath and Laundry VentilationObservations:• Bathroom exhaust ducts vented into the attic space. This is a moisture issue. Correction required.


Page 9 of 22

IR Camera Evaluation

Sampling, Air, Surfaces

1. Moisture IntrusionObservations:• Interior wall moisture signs noted in locations. Wall moisture readings taken:• Living room.• Foyer.• Dining room.• Kitchen.• Closets.• Master bedroom.• Other bedroom(s)• Master Bathroom.• Other bathroom(s)• Family room.• Laundry room.• All wall moisture pin readings in drywall (sheet rock) were about the same: 0.4 - 0.6 %. In the bathroom at bedroom#3 (near front of house) the drywall moisture reading was 1.2 - 1.6 %. This is considered wet.

Note that just outside of this bathroom is a lot of plant material up against the house. This adds to interior moisture.Rec: buffer zone of plant material away from the house.• Drywall moisture excessive in bathroom #3 near foyer.

2. Room HumidityObservations:• Interior moisture noted in locations. Humidity reading taken in these rooms:• Living room.• Foyer.• Dining room.• Kitchen.• Closets.• Master bedroom.• Other bedroom(s)• Master Bathroom.• Other bathroom(s)• Family room.• Laundry room.• The air moisture was almost exactly the same in all rooms at about 67-69 % RH. The A/C was intermittently runningbut was not able to bring it down. In fact the 4 ton unit in the garage (with air leaks) may have actually broughtadditional moisture into the house.

3. Interior Room TemperatureObservations:• Interior moisture signs noted in locations. Air temperatures were obtained in:• The air temperature was fairly uniform in the house, around 73 - 74 F.

1. Moisture IntrusionObservations:• Interior IR readings taken in locations:• Multiple locations were studied with the IR device for several hours on 2 occasions. There were no obvious defectspicked up but the conditions for testing were poor. We intend on testing again during the summer when the inside-outside conditions will be more favorable for testing.

2. Room HumidityObservations:• Humidity was higher in areas close to suspected moisture. The bathroom near the foyer / 3rd bedroom was anexample.


Page 10 of 22

1. LocationObservations:• Culture / Samples obtained.• Timed air samples obtained to help obtain mold spore counts. See included additional lab results.

2. Room HumidityObservations:• Recommend dehumidifiers be used to control high levels of humidly in the home. When purchasing dehumidifiers besure they are capable of handling square footage necessary. In some cases you made need more than onedehumidifier, to accomplish this check manufactures specifications on the unit prior to purchase.

! ! CCoonnttrraaccttoorrss aanndd RReessoouurrcceess ! ! These people have done good work in the past. It is hard to know if they are still top craftsmen(women) but this is a list ofthose I have been using. Still, you should get at least two different evalutions of damages, estimates of cost and what itwould take to remidy the situation(s): General Contractor for Multiple Areas of Need and Coordination: Bamboo Building &Development7093 S Tamiami TrlSarasota, FL 34231-5571(941) 921-2480, or 941-724-9995, Gary Roberts, [email protected] “handy man” is a master of many areas, does occasional work I do not have time to do at my own house. Insulation Needs:Jansen &Sons Insulation745 Commerce DriveVenice, FL 34292-1727(941) 485-5471, My previous contact person was Steven Schreiver, [email protected] guys did the insulation on my house. Electrical Needs:PowerWorks Electric1212 Dartmouth Dr.Bradenton FL 34207-5216941-752-8000 Mike Wood, [email protected] works mostly by word of mouth. Plumbing Needs:Babes Plumbing Incorporated140 Miami Ave EVenice, FL 34285Phone: (941) 488-2402, Ask for Josh. Roofing Needs:Mid-County Roofing1170 Central AveSarasota, FL 34236The only choice for roofing, did my house. (0ffice) 366-1620, Frances (m)685-7211 or Cindy (the two girls) House Painting Needs:Jeff Ditmars 923-7272, m-356-2356. (Ask for top of the line Benjamin Moore paints only). Pressure Cleaning Needs:Dan Taylor -Performance Pressure Clean- 284-7284, 569-9133 Stone Work Trim - Inside and Out.


Page 11 of 22

Resources

Treasure Cove8927 S. Tamiami TrailSarasota, FL 34238966-2004 Aluminum Contractor (as for a pool cage) and Re-screening:Mullets Aluminum Products905 Ponder Ave.Sarasota, FL 34232Jay Coblenz, rep. who did my cage, 371-3502. Pool Contractor:Blu AquaPools1843 Barber Rd.Sarasota, FL 34240Tony Kozac - did my pool - 371-4808 Window Cleaning:New View, Inc.14 S. Lime Ave.Sarasota, FL 34237955-4060 Lightning Rods: Windemuler Technical Services7504 Pennsylvania Ave.Sarasota, FL 34243355-8822 Pipe Leak Repairs:Alligator Plumbing (formally Curaflo)Jeff - Owner: 321-269-9735, [email protected], local plumber: 941-488-1610 A/C Consultants of SW Florida4493 Del Sol Blvd. S.Sarasota FL 34243Michael Rigatuso - 941-359-0311 Radon Monitor:Family Safety Products, Inc.Pro Series3 Radon Gas Detector HS715122879 Remico St. SWGrandville, MI 49418616-530-6540 www.fspi-radon.com

1. MaterialsMaterials:• Air-O-Cell mold sampling.• Delmhost Moisture Check moisture meter and sensor; pin and penetrating.• Extech RH390 temperature, humidity precision psychrometer. And Model HD550 complete set.• Fluke Thermal Imager Ti32.• Omega OS-630 emissivity variable infrared heat sensor, thermometer.


Page 12 of 22

Noteworthy Observations

InterNACHI

1. CoommentsMaterials:• This moisture and mold test was somewhat abbreviated as we made an earlier determination without the need to domore invasive or costly tests. This test was in addition to the Basic home inspection already performed.

There was an elevated amount of mold and spores in the house as we thought we would find originally. Fortunatelythere was no damage seen. The problems associated with the elevation are being addressed. We did not get additionaltests as we might normally get.

Moisture intrusion needs to be diminished, humidity needs to be reduced. The A/C units need to be adjusted andsealed. The ducts need replacement.

Proper insulation needs to be restored.

Mildew reported in garage stored items over the summer months. Recommend: garage dehumidifier. Recommendwhole house dehumidifier unit.

The really good news in my opinion is that we are having minimal issues, borderline really. But they need to becorrected. It may be that in more humid conditions the testing may be different. I plan on returning for additional testingafter corrections are made to the house. This will be during the summer when the house will be more challenged by theseasonal rains and humidity.

Note: When leaving the house for the summer, leave all the closet doors wide open to improve ventilation.

See attached laboratory tests.

InterNACHI Home Inspection Standards of PracticeFor limited scope inspections, see specific section(s) 1. Definitions and Scope. 2. Standards of Practice 2.1. Roof2.2. Exterior2.3. Basement, Foundation, Crawlspace &Structure2.4. Heating2.5. Cooling2.6. Plumbing2.7. Electrical2.8. Fireplace2.9. Attic &Insulation2.10. Doors, Windows &Interior 3. Limitations, Exceptions &Exclusions 4. Glossary of Terms 5. Standards of Practice Inspection Exclusions 1. Definitions and Scope 1.1. A Home Inspection is a non-invasive, visual examination of a residential dwelling, performed for a fee, which is designed to identify easily observedmaterial defects within specific components of said dwelling. Only areas easy to see and access are inspected (with limitations). Components mayinclude any combination of mechanical, structural, electrical, plumbing, or other essential systems or portions of the home, as identified and agreed toby the Client and Inspector, prior to the inspection process.


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I. A home inspection is intended to assist in evaluation of the overall condition of the dwelling. The inspection is based on observation of the visible andapparent condition of the structure and its components on the date of the inspection, and not the prediction of future conditions. The inspector is not aspecialist within separate fields but rather a generalist. As such, findings will be less than those that experts within each field will be able to find. II. A home inspection will not reveal every concern that exists or ever could exist, but only those material defects observed on the day of the inspection.Everything is based on the inspectors opinion at the time of the inspection. III. A home inspection can include a survey and/or analysis of energy flows and usage in a residential property if the client requests it. 1.2. A Material Defect is a condition of a residential real property, or any portion of it, that would have a significant, adverse impact on the value of thereal property, or that involves an unreasonable risk to people on the property. The fact that a structural element, system or subsystem is near, at orbeyond the end of the normal useful life of such a structural element, system or subsystem is not by itself a material defect. 1.3. An Inspection Report shall describe and identify, in written format, the inspected systems, structures, and components of the dwelling, and shallidentify the material defects that were observed at inspection. Inspection reports may contain recommendations regarding conditions reported orrecommendations for correction, monitoring or further evaluation by professionals, but this is not required. The inspectors opinion may vary from theopinion of others. 2. Standards of Practice 2.1. Roof I. The inspector shall inspect from ground level or eaves: A. the roof covering;B. the gutters;C. the downspouts;D. the vents, flashings, skylights, chimney and other roof penetrations; andE. the general structure of the roof from the readily accessible panels, doors or stairs. 2.2. ExteriorI. The inspector shall inspect readily accessible: A. siding, flashing and trim;B. exterior doors, decks, stoops, steps, stairs, porches, railings, eaves, soffits and fascias;C. and report as in need of repair any spacings between intermediate balusters, spindles, or rails for steps, stairways, balconies, and railings thatpermit the passage of an object greater than 4 inches in diameter, from a representative sampling;D. a representative number of windows;E. the vegetation, surface drainage, and retaining walls when these are likely to adversely affect the structure;F. and describe the exterior wall covering. 2.3. Basement, Foundation &Crawlspace I. The inspector shall inspect readily accessible: A. the basement;B. the foundation;C. the crawlspace;D. the visible structural components;E. and report on the location of under-floor access openings;F. and report any present conditions or clear indications of active water penetration observed by the inspector;G. for wood in contact or near soil;H. and report any general indications of foundation movement that are observed by the inspector, such as, but not limited to: sheetrock cracks, brick


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cracks, out-of-square door frames, or floor slopes;I. and report on any cutting, notching and boring of framing members which may present a structural or safety concern. 2.4. HeatingI. The inspector shall inspect readily accessible: A. heating systems using normal operating controls, and describe if possible the energy source and heating method;B. and report as in need of repair heating systems which do not operate;C. and report if the heating systems are deemed inaccessible. 2.5. Cooling I. The inspector shall inspect: A. the central cooling equipment using normal operating controls. 2.6. Plumbing I. The inspector shall when accessible: A. inspect and try to determine if the water supply is public or private;B. verify the presence of and identify the location of the main water shut-off valve;C. inspect the water heating equipment, including venting, connections, energy source supply system, and verify the presence or absence oftemperature-pressure relief valves and/or Watts 210 valves;D. flush toilets;E. water-test sinks, tubs and showers for functional drainage;F. inspect the interior water supply, including fixtures and faucets;G. inspect the drain, waste and vent systems, including fixtures;H. describe any visible fuel storage systems;I. inspect the drainage sump pumps and test pumps with accessible floats;J. inspect and describe the water supply, drain, waste and main fuel shut-off valves, as well as the location of the water main and main fuel shut-offvalves;K. inspect and report as in need of repair deficiencies in the water supply by viewing the functional flow in two fixtures operated simultaneously;L. inspect and report as in need of repair deficiencies in installation and identification of hot and cold faucets;M. inspect and report as in need of repair mechanical drain-stops that are missing or do not operate if installed in sinks, lavatories and tubs; andN. inspect and report as in need of repair commodes that have cracks in the ceramic material, are improperly mounted on the floor, leak, or have tankcomponents which do not operate. 2.7. Electrical I. The inspector shall where accessible inspect: A. the service drop/lateral;B. the meter socket enclosures;C. the means for disconnecting the service main;D. and describe the service disconnect amperage rating, if labeled;E. panelboards and overcurrent devices (breakers and fuses);F. and report on any unused circuit breaker panel openings that are not filled;G. the service grounding and bonding;H. a representative number of switches, lighting fixtures, and receptacles, including receptacles observed and deemed to be AFCI-protected during theinspection using the AFCI test button, where possible (we are not responsible for resetting fixtures that do not readily return to the normal functioningstate);I. and test all Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) receptacles and GFCI circuit breakers observed and deemed to be GFCIs during the inspection


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using a GFCI tester, where possible;J. and report the presence of solid conductor aluminum branch circuit wiring, if readily visible and detectable;K. and report on any tested receptacles in which power was not present, polarity is incorrect, is not secured to the wall, the cover is not in place, theground fault circuit interrupter devices are not properly installed or do not operate properly, evidence of arcing or excessive heat is present, or wherethe receptacle is not grounded or is not secured to the wall;L. the service entrance conductors and the viewable condition of the conductor insulation;M. and report the absence of smoke detectors; andN. service entrance cables, and report as in need of repair deficiencies in the integrity of the insulation, drip loop, or separation of conductors atweatherheads and clearances from grade or rooftops. 2.8. Fireplace I. The inspector shall inspect: A. the fireplace, and open and close the damper door, if readily accessible and operable;B. hearth extensions and other permanently installed components;C. and report as in need of repair deficiencies in the lintel, hearth and material surrounding the fireplace, including fireplace opening clearance fromvisible combustible materials. 2.9. Attic, Ventilation &Insulation I. The inspector shall inspect where readily accessible: A. the insulation in unfinished spaces;B. the ventilation of attic spaces;C. mechanical ventilation systems;D. and report on the general absence or lack of insulation inunfinished spaces. 2.10. Doors, Windows &Interior I. The inspector shall: A. open and close a representative number of doors and windows;B. inspect the walls, ceilings, steps, stairways and railings;C. and may report as in need of repair spacing between intermediate balusters, spindles or rails for steps, stairways and railings that permit thepassage of an object greater than 4 inches in diameter from a sampling;D. inspect garage doors and garage door openers by operating first by remote (if available), and then by the installed automatic door control;E. and report as in need of repair any installed electronic sensors that are not operable or not installed at reasonable heights above the garage door;F. and report as in need of repair any windows that are obviously fogged or display other evidence of broken seals. 3. Limitations, Exceptions &Exclusions 3.1. Limitations: I. An inspection is not technically exhaustive.II. An inspection will not identify concealed or latent defects.III. An inspection will not deal with aesthetic concerns or what could bedeemed matters of taste, cosmetic defects, etc.IV. An inspection will not determine the suitability of the property for any use.V. An inspection does not determine the market value of the property or its marketability.VI. An inspection does not determine the insurability of the property.VII. An inspection does not determine the advisability or inadvisability of the purchase of the inspected property.


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VIII. An inspection does not determine the life expectancy of the property or any components or systems therein.IX. An inspection does not include items not permanently installed.X. These Standards of Practice apply only to homes with four or fewer dwelling units. 3.2. Exclusions: I. The inspectors are not required to determine: A. property boundary lines or encroachments.B. the condition of any component or system that is not readily accessible.C. the service life expectancy of any component or system.D. the size, capacity, BTU, performance, or efficiency of any component or system.E. the cause or reason of any condition.F. the cause for the need of repair or replacement of any system or component.G. future conditions.H. compliance with codes or regulations.I. the presence of evidence of rodents, animals or insects.J. the presence of mold, mildew, fungus or toxic drywall.K. the presence of air-borne hazards.L. the presence of birds.M. the presence of other flora or fauna.N. the air quality.O. the existence of asbestos.P. the existence of environmental hazards.Q. the existence of electro-magnetic fields.R. the presence of hazardous materials including, but not limited to, the presence of lead in paint.S. any hazardous waste conditions.T. any manufacturer's recalls or conformance with manufacturer installation, or any information included for consumer protection purposes.U. operating costs of systems.V. replacement or repair cost estimates.W. the acoustical properties of any systems.X. estimates of the cost to operating any given system. II. The inspectors are not required to operate: A. any system that is shut down.B. any system that does not function properly.C. or evaluate low-voltage electrical systems such as, but not limited to:1. phone lines;2. cable lines;3. antennae;4. lights; or5. remote controls.D. any system that does not turn on with the use of normal operating controls.E. any shut-off valves or manual stop valves.F. any electrical disconnect or over current protection devices.G. any alarm systems.H. moisture meters, gas detectors or similar equipment. III. The inspectors are not required to: A. move any personal items or other obstructions, such as, but not limited to:1. throw rugs;2. furniture;3. floor or wall coverings;4. ceiling tiles;


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5. window coverings;6. equipment;7. plants;8. ice;9. debris;10. snow;11. water;12. dirt;13. foliage; or14. pets. B. dismantle, open, or uncover any system or component.C. enter or access any area which may, in the opinion of the inspector, be unsafe.D. enter crawl spaces or other areas that are unsafe or not readily accessible.E. inspect underground items such as, but not limited to, underground storage tanks or other indications of their presence, whether abandoned oractively used.F. do anything which, in the inspector's opinion, is likely to be unsafe or dangerous to the inspector or others, or damage property, such as, but notlimited to: walking on roof surfaces, climbing ladders, entering attic spaces, or negotiating with pets.G. inspect decorative items.H. inspect common elements or areas in multi-unit housing.I. inspect intercoms, speaker systems, radio-controlled security devices, or lawn irrigation systems.J. offer guarantees or warranties.K. offer or perform any engineering services.L. offer or perform any trade or professional service other than home inspection.M. research the history of the property, report on its potential for alteration, modification, extendibility, or its suitability for a specific or proposed use foroccupancy.N. determine the age of construction or installation of any system structure or component of a building, or differentiate between original constructionand subsequent additions, improvements, renovations or replacements.O. determine the insurability of a property.P. perform or offer Phase 1 environmental audits.Q. inspect on any system or component which is not included in these standards.R. open any locked doors or force difficult openings. 4. Glossary of Terms 4.1. Accessible: Can be approached or entered by the inspector safely, without difficulty, fear or danger. 4.2. Activate: To turn on, supply power, or enable systems, equipment, or devices to become active by normal operating controls. Examples includeturning on the gas or water supply valves to the fixtures and appliances, and activating electrical breakers or fuses. 4.3. Adversely Affect: To constitute, or potentially constitute, a negative or destructive impact. 4.4. Alarm System: Warning devices, installed or freestanding, including, but not limited to: carbon monoxide detectors, flue gas and other spillagedetectors, security equipment, ejector pumps and smoke alarms. 4.5. Appliance: A household device operated by use of electricity or gas. Not included in this definition are components covered under central heating,central cooling or plumbing. 4.6. Architectural Service: Any practice involving the art and science of building design for construction of any structure or grouping of structures, andthe use of space within and surrounding the structures or the design, design development, preparation of construction contract documents, andadministration of the construction contract. 4.7. Component: A permanently installed or attached fixture, element or part of a system. 4.8. Condition: The visible and conspicuous state of being of an object. 4.9. Crawlspace: The area within the confines of the foundation and between the ground and the underside of the lowest floor structural component.


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4.10. Decorative: Ornamental; not required for the operation of essential systems and components of a home. 4.11. Describe: To report in writing a system or component by its type, or other observed characteristics to distinguish it from other components usedfor the same purpose. 4.12. Determine: To arrive at an opinion or conclusion pursuant to examination. 4.13. Dismantle: To open, take apart or remove any component, device or piece that would not typically be opened, taken apart or removed by anordinary occupant. 4.14. Engineering Service: Any professional service or creative work requiring engineering education, training, and experience and the application ofspecial knowledge of the mathematical, physical and engineering sciences to such professional service or creative work as consultation, investigation,evaluation, planning, design and supervision of construction for the purpose of assuring compliance with the specifications and design, in conjunctionwith structures, buildings, machines, equipment, works or processes. 4.15. Enter: To go into an area to observe visible components. 4.16. Evaluate: To assess the systems, structures or components of a dwelling. 4.17. Examine: To visually look. See Inspect. 4.18. Foundation: The base upon which the structure or wall rests; usually masonry, concrete, or stone, and generally partially underground. 4.19. Function: The action for which an item, component, or system is specially fitted or used, or for which an item, component or system exists; to bein action or perform a task. 4.20. Functional: Performing, or able to perform, a function. 4.21. Home Inspection: The process by which an inspector visually examines the readily accessible systems and components of a home, and operatesthose systems and components utilizing these Standards of Practice as a guideline. 4.22. Household Appliances: Kitchen and laundry appliances, room air conditioners, and similar appliances. 4.23. Inspect: To visually look at readily accessible systems and components safely, using normal operating controls, and accessing readily accessiblepanels and areas in accordance with these Standards of Practice. 4.24. Inspected Property: The readily accessible areas of the buildings, site, items, components, and systems included in the inspection.4.25. Inspector: One who performs a real estate inspection. 4.26. Installed: Attached or connected such that the installed item requires a tool for removal. 4.27. Material Defect: A condition of a residential real property or any portion of it that would have a significant adverse impact on the value of the realproperty or that involves an unreasonable risk to people on the property. The fact that a structural element, system or subsystem is near, at or beyondthe end of the normal useful life of such a structural element, system or subsystem is not by itself a material defect. 4.28. Normal Operating Controls: Devices, such as thermostats, that would be operated by ordinary occupants which require no specialized skill orknowledge. 4.29. Observe: To see through visually directed attention. 4.30. Operate: To cause systems to function or turn on with normal operating controls. 4.31. Readily Accessible: An item or component that is, in the judgment of the inspector, capable of being safely observed without the removal ofobstacles, detachment or disengagement of connecting or securing devices, or other unsafe or difficult procedures to gain access. 4.32. Recreational Facilities: Spas, saunas, steam baths, swimming pools, tennis courts, playground equipment, and other exercise, entertainment or


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athletic facilities. 4.33. Report: A written communication (possibly including images) of any material defects observed during the inspection. 4.34. Representative Number: A sufficient number to serve as a typical or characteristic example of the item(s) inspected. 4.35. Safety Glazing: Tempered glass, laminated glass, or rigid plastic. 4.36. Shut Down: Turned off, unplugged, inactive, not in service, not operational, etc. 4.37. Structural Component: A component which supports non-variable forces or weights (dead loads) and variable forces or weights (live loads). 4.38. System: An assembly of various components which function as a whole. 4.39. Technically Exhaustive: A comprehensive and detailed examination beyond the scope of a real estate home inspection which would involve orinclude, but would not be limited to: dismantling, specialized knowledge or training, special equipment, measurements, calculations, testing, research,analysis or other means. 4.40. Unsafe: A condition in a system or component which is judged to be a significant risk of personal injury during normal, day-to-day use. The riskmay be due to damage, deterioration, improper installation, or a change in accepted residential construction standards. 4.41. Verify: To confirm or substantiate. The aforementioned terms are found within the Standards of Practice. Visit InterNACHI's full Glossary. 5. Standards of Practice Inspection Exclusions 2.1. Roof Exclusions II. The inspector is not required to: A. walk on any pitched roof surface.B. predict the service life expectancy.C. inspect underground downspout diverter drainage pipes.D. remove snow, ice, debris or other conditions that prohibit the observation of the roof surfaces.E. move insulation.F. inspect antennae, lightning arresters, de-icing equipment, or similar attachments.G. walk on any roof areas that appear, in the opinion of the inspector, to be unsafe.H. walk on any roof areas if it might, in the opinion of the inspector, cause damage.I. perform a water test.J. warrant or certify the roof.K. confirm proper fastening. 2.2. Exterior Exclusions II. The inspector is not required to: A. inspect or operate screens, storm windows, shutters, awnings, fences, outbuildings, or exterior accent lighting.B. inspect items, including window and door flashings, which are not visible or readily accessible from the ground.C. inspect geological, geotechnical, hydrological and/or soil conditions.D. inspect recreational facilities or playground equipment.E. inspect seawalls, break-walls and docks.F. inspect erosion control and earth stabilization measures.G. inspect for safety-type glass.H. inspect underground utilities.


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I. inspect underground items.J. inspect wells or springs.K. inspect solar, wind, or geothermal systems.L. inspect swimming pools or spas.M. inspect septic systems or cesspools.N. inspect sprinkler systems. If the property owner is present and turns on the controls we may inspect the system.O. inspect drain fields or dry wells.P. determine the integrity of the thermal window seals or damaged glass.Q. inspect any damaged glass. 2.3. Basement, Foundation &Crawlspace Exclusions II. The inspector is not required to: A. enter any crawl spaces that are not readily accessible or where entry could cause damage or pose a hazard to the inspector. No inspection will bedone if pests, insects or odors are present as these may present a hazard.B. move stored items or debris.C. operate sump pumps with inaccessible floats.D. identify size, spacing, span, location or determine adequacy of foundation bolting, bracing, joists, joist spans or support systems.E. provide any engineering or architectural service.F. report on the adequacy of any structural system or component. 2.4. Heating Exclusions II. The inspector is not required to: A. inspect or evaluate interiors of flues or chimneys, fire chambers, heat exchangers, combustion air systems, fresh air intakes, humidifiers,dehumidifiers, electronic air filters, geothermal systems or solar heating systems.B. inspect fuel tanks or underground or concealed fuel supply systems.C. determine the uniformity, temperature, flow, balance, distribution, size, capacity, BTU, or supply adequacy of the heating system.D. light or ignite pilot flames.E. activate heating, heat pump systems or other heating systems when ambient temperatures or other circumstances are not conducive to safeoperation or may damage the equipment.F. override electronic thermostats.G. evaluate fuel quality.H. verify thermostat calibration, heat anticipation, or automatic setbacks, timers, programs or clocks. 2.5. Cooling II. The inspector is not required to: A. determine the uniformity, temperature, flow, balance, distribution, size, capacity, BTU, or supply adequacy of the cooling system.B. inspect window units, through-wall units, or electronic air filters.C. operate cooling equipment or systems if exterior temperature is below 65 degrees Fahrenheit, or when other circumstances are not conducive tosafe operation, or may damage the equipment.D. inspect or determine thermostat calibration, cooling anticipation, or automatic setbacks or clocks.E. examine electrical current, coolant fluids or gases, or coolant leakage. 2.6. Plumbing and Heating Exclusions II. The inspector is not required to: A. light or ignite pilot flames.B. determine the size, temperature, age, life expectancy or adequacy of the water heater.C. inspect interiors of flues or chimneys, combustion air systems, water softening or filtering systems, well pumps or tanks, safety or shut-off valves,floor drains, lawn sprinkler systems or fire sprinkler systems.D. determine the exact flow rate, volume, pressure, temperature, or adequacy of the water supply.


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E. determine the water quality or potability or the reliability of the water supply or source.F. open sealed plumbing access panels.G. inspect clothes washing machines or their connections.H. operate any main, branch or fixture valve.I. test shower pans, tub and shower surrounds or enclosures for leakage.J. evaluate the compliance with local or state conservation or energy standards, or the proper design or sizing of any water, waste or ventingcomponents, fixtures or piping.K. determine the effectiveness of anti-siphon, back-flow prevention or drain-stop devices.L. determine whether there are sufficient clean-outs for effective cleaning of drains.M. evaluate gas, liquid propane or oil storage tanks.N. inspect any underground or concealed fuel supply systems.O. inspect any private sewage waste disposal system or component thereof.P. inspect water treatment systems or water filters.Q. inspect water storage tanks, pressure pumps or bladder tanks.R. evaluate wait-time to obtain hot water at fixtures, or perform testing of any kind to water heater elements.S. evaluate or determine the adequacy of combustion air.T. test, operate, open or close safety controls, manual stop valves and/or temperature or pressure relief valves.U. examine ancillary systems or components, such as, but not limited to, those relating to solar water heating, hot water circulation.V. determine the existence or condition of polybutylene plumbing. 2.7. Electrical Exclusions II. The inspector is not required to: A. insert any tool, probe or device into the main panelboard, sub-panels, distribution panelboards, or electrical fixtures.B. operate electrical systems that are shut down.C. remove panelboard cabinet covers or dead front covers, if they are not readily accessible.D. operate or reset overcurrent protection devices or overload devices.E. operate non-accessible or difficult to access smoke detectors.F. measure or determine the amperage or voltage of the main service equipment, if not visibly labeled.G. inspect the fire or alarm system and components.H. inspect the ancillary wiring or remote control devices.I. activate any electrical systems or branch circuits which are not energized.J. inspect low-voltage systems, electrical de-icing tapes, swimming pool wiring, or any time-controlled devices.K. verify the service ground.L. inspect private or emergency electrical supply sources, including, but not limited to: generators, windmills, photovoltaic solar collectors, or battery orelectrical storage facility.M. inspect spark or lightning arrestors.N. inspect or test de-icing equipment.O. conduct voltage drop calculations.P. determine the accuracy of labeling.Q. inspect exterior accent lighting. 2.8. Fireplace Exclusions II. The inspector is not required to: A. inspect the flue or vent system.B. inspect the interior of chimneys or flues, fire doors or screens, seals or gaskets, or mantels.C. determine the need for a chimney sweep.D. operate gas fireplace inserts.E. light pilot flames.F. determine the appropriateness of any installation.G. inspect automatic fuel-feed devices.H. inspect combustion and/or make-up air devices.I. inspect heat distribution assists, whether gravity controlled or fan-assisted.J. ignite or extinguish fires.


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K. determine adequacy of draft or draft characteristics.L. move fireplace inserts, stoves, or firebox contents.M. perform a smoke test.N. dismantle or remove any component.O. perform a National Fire Prevention Association (NFPA)-style inspection.P. perform a Phase I fireplace and chimney inspection. 2.9. Attic, Ventilation &Insulation Exclusions II. The inspector is not required to: A. enter the attic or any unfinished spaces that are not readily accessible, or where entry could cause damage or pose a safety hazard to the inspector,in his or her opinion.B. to move, touch, or disturb insulation.C. to move, touch or disturb vapor retarders.D. break or otherwise damage the surface finish or weather seal on or around access panels and covers.E. identify the composition or exact R-value of insulation material.F. activate thermostatically operated fans.G. determine the types of materials used in insulation or wrapping of pipes, ducts, jackets, boilers and wiring.H. determine the adequacy of ventilation. 2.10. Doors, Windows &Interior Exclusions II. The inspector is not required to: A. inspect paint, wallpaper, window treatments or finish treatments.B. inspect central vacuum systems.C. inspect safety glazing.D. inspect security systems or components.E. evaluate the fastening of countertops, cabinets, sink tops or fixtures.F. move furniture, stored items, or any coverings, such as carpets or rugs, in order to inspect the concealed floor structure.G. move drop-ceiling tiles.H. inspect or move any household appliances.I. inspect or operate equipment housed in the garage, except as otherwise noted.J. verify or certify safe operation of any auto-reverse or related safety function of a garage door.K. operate or evaluate any security bar release and opening mechanisms, whether interior or exterior, including their compliance with local, state orfederal standards.L. operate any system, appliance or component that requires the use of special keys, codes, combinations or devices.M. operate or evaluate self-cleaning oven cycles, tilt guards/latches or signal lights.N. inspect microwave ovens or test leakage from microwave ovens.O. operate or examine any sauna, steam-jenny, kiln, toaster, ice-maker, coffee-maker, can-opener, bread-warmer, blender, instant hot water dispenser,or other small, ancillary devices.P. inspect elevators.Q. inspect remote controls.R. inspect appliances.S. inspect items not permanently installed.T. discover firewall compromises.U. examine or operate any above-ground, movable, freestanding, or otherwise non-permanently installed pool/spa, recreational equipment or self-contained equipment.V. come into contact with any pool or spa water in order to determine the system structure or components.W. determine the adequacy of spa jet water force or bubble effect.X. determine the structural integrity or leakage of a pool or spa.

1

Sample Report for

836 Sunset Lake Blvd.

Air Allergen

& Mold Testing, Inc.

March, 2011

2

Air Allergen

& Mold Testing, Inc. 2041 Hessian Court

Stone Mountain, GA 30087 770-938-4861

Site Information Property Description: One-story, single-family residence. Drainage: No obvious drainage issues. Surrounding landscape: Minimal HVAC unit in: Hall Closet Sampling: Air-O-Cell Cassette analysis of fungal spores & other airborne particulates by optical microscopy;; Direct Exam of Swab for Fungi.

Background Information The occupants noticed mold growth in their foyer closet and were concerned about mold growth when the home was unoccupied, especially during the warm and humid summer months. Air Allergen & Mold Testing was asked to analyze spore traps and a swab sample for mold and mold spores, and document the findings. This written report summarizes the findings and provides general guidelines to prevent the future buildup of spores within the home.

General Information Concerning Mold It is important to make the distinction between mold and mold spores. Mold is a fungus similar to a plant, while mold spores are similar to the fruit of a plant. When mold is growing, it sends off mold spores to grow more mold,

Date of Sample 3/2/2011 Date of Report 03/08/2011 Name Dr. Ali Hass Address 836 Sunset Lake Blvd Suite 103 City Venice State FL Zip 34292 Phone 941 492 4775 Email [email protected]

3

just as plants send off seeds to grow more plants. The spores become airborne, and when inhaled, can cause distress in the respiratory system. Neither mold nor mold spores smell. The smell normally associated with mold is from the gasses given off when mold metabolizes the materials it is growing on. Therefore, if an odor normally associated with mold is detected, it most likely indicates that mold is growing somewhere nearby. The odor can vary from sweet to pungent, depending on the type of mold, the material it is growing on, and the growing conditions. Although there are no federal guidelines for acceptable levels of indoor spore count, a number of associations and individuals have proposed ranges of acceptability. The American Conference of Industrial Hygienists suggests an average range of 50 to 500 spores per cubic meter and a ratio of inside to outside spore count of 10 to 33 percent. Canadian guidelines suggest an upper limit at 500 spores per cubic meter. The California Healthy Buildings study suggests the same percentage of each spore type when compared to the outside air with an average range of 100 to 1000 spores per cubic meter. Air Allergen & Mold Testing, Inc. uses the California Healthy Buildings study to interpret results and determine recommendations.

Sample Details Area: Outside front Total Spore Count per Cubic Meter: 1,615 Hyphal Fragment: 102 Skin Fragment: 0-25 Particulate: soil, carbon Fiber: cellulose Background: 15,742 Humidity: 83 % Temperature: 73 F Liters of air sampled: 75 Comments: Outside samples provide a control to compare the inside samples against. There are mold spores everywhere in the outdoor environment, and the kinds and amount of spores can vary from day to day and hour to hour. It is normal to expect some of those spores will find their way inside. However, if the inside count exceeds the outside count, or if the kinds of mold found indoors is different than those outside, then it is presumed that the mold spores are being generated inside. Thirty-four percent of the spores in the front outside sample were Basidiospores. Basidiospores are common in the outdoor air but do not normally grow indoors. Therefore, the count of Basidiospores can be helpful in comparing the relative percentages of spores in the indoor samples that come from the outdoors.

4

Six percent of the spores in this sample were Ascospores. Ascospores are found everywhere in nature. Forty-eight percent of the spores in this sample were Cladosporium. Cladosporium is common in the Atlanta air especially in areas with significant vegetation. Five percent of the spores were as Aspergillus/Penicillium. The lab does not make a distinction between Aspergillus and Penicillium because they are so similar in size and appearance. Information on these and other spores found in the samples is attached at the end of this report. Area: Outside back Total Spore Count per Cubic Meter: 2,365 Hyphal Fragment: 87 Skin Fragment: 0-25 Particulate: soil, carbon Fiber: cellulose Background: 7,871 Humidity: 83 % Temperature: 73 F Liters of air sampled: 75 Comments: Fifty-eight percent of the spores in the back outside sample were Basidiospores. Five percent of the spores in this sample were Ascospores. Eighteen percent of the spores in this sample were Cladosporium. Twelve percent of the spores were as Aspergillus/Penicillium. Area: Living room Total Spore Count per Cubic Meter: 314 Hyphal Fragment: 87 Skin Fragment: 51-75 Particulate: soil, carbon Fiber: cellulose, insulation Background: 44,228 Humidity: 68 % Temperature: 73 F Liters of air sampled: 75 Comments: An air sample was taken in the living room. The spore count in the living room air sample is within the range suggested by the above-cited study;; however many of the spore types in the living room sample do not occur in the outside samples, indicating that at least some of the spores originate from mold growth within the home. The lab results indicate that the overall skin fragment count in the air sample is elevated. Skin fragments, when combined with moisture conditions, often result in dust mites. Although we did not test for dust

5

mites, it should be noted that dust mites are a common trigger for asthma type symptoms. Excess skin fragments are often a sign of diminished filtration. Controlling the humidity and improving the filtration will aid in reducing the possibility of dust mites. If you have not already done so, consider adding dust mite resistant covering to the mattresses and pillowcases to reduce the possibility of respiratory discomfort from this source. Dust mite covers are readily available from many linen stores or from the National Allergy store in Norcross that can be found on line. At least some of the background particulate in the living room air sample is insulation. Insulation in the indoor air can result in burning eyes, itchy skin and respiratory symptoms. It is possible for air in areas with exposed insulation to enter the building through gaps in the HVAC system. For this reason all seams in the HVAC system should be connected and taped. It is also possible that the insulation particulate is a result of the breakdown of insulation within the HVAC unit or duct board that is sometimes used to make plenums and other portions of the HVAC system. If inspecting the system for leaks around seams where insulation can enter the system does not reveal a possible place of entry for insulation particulate, consider having the HVAC system checked to make sure the insulation or duct board within the system are not breaking down and allowing particulate to enter the home. Area: Foyer closet Type of test: Swab Spore types: Chaetomium sp., Scopulariopsis sp., Stachybotrys sp. Amount: Rare to Predominant Fruiting structures present: No Comments: A swab sample of a surface in the foyer closet was analyzed for mold and mold spores. Lab results indicate the presence of Chaetomium sp., Scopulariopsis sp. and Stachybotrys sp. mold spores on the drywall surface. Stachybotrys is unique in that it requires high levels of moisture for extended periods. It is slimy when growing and tends to hold its spores until it dries. For that reason, even small amounts should be noted. Stachybotrys is thought to play a role in the development of sick building syndrome. The presence of this fungus can be significant due to its ability to produce mycotoxins. Exposure to the toxins can occur through inhalation, ingestion, or skin exposure. Symptoms of exposure to mycotoxins include coughing, wheezing, runny nose, irritated eyes or throat, skin rash and diarrhea.

6

Drywall with a slight dusting of mold as a result of humidity and/or condensation should be vacuumed with a HEPA filter vacuum and cleaned with a mild fungicide. If the surface of the drywall is only slightly damaged, the surface should be lightly sanded, vacuumed, cleaned with a fungicide and treated with an encapsulant without replacing. A surface with significant mold or mold damage should be replaced. Drywall that has mold or water damage as a result of being wetted from the opposite side or flooded should be removed to a point approximately two feet beyond any visible mold or water damage. Insulation that has been wetted or is adjacent to wetted and damaged drywall should also be removed. Baseboards should be removed as needed, to inspect the drywall behind the baseboards for mold. Materials behind the removed drywall such as the backside of the opposite wall, wall studs, or base plates should be vacuumed with a HEPA filter vacuum and cleaned with a mild fungicide. Surfaces that are slightly damaged should be vacuumed, lightly sanded, cleaned with a fungicide and treated with an encapsulant. A surface with significant mold or mold damage should be replaced.

Maintaining Indoor Air Quality The way to remove the background particulate and spores that are in the air throughout the home is through filtration. The HVAC system should contain a filter with a minimum of a MERV 8 rating to capture spores and other particulate that enter from any source. While higher rated filters can remove smaller particulate, the increased filtration may reduce airflow, and ultimately reduce filtration efficiency. Make sure that the HVAC system airflow remains adequate and change filters regularly to maximize efficiency. Consider adding air purifiers capable of capturing particulate down to one micron to help remove spores from the air during the periods when the HVAC system is not in operation. This is especially important in the spring and fall when neither the heat nor air conditioning is called for. Alternatively, consider operating the fan of the HVAC system on continuous so that filtration occurs even when the thermostat does not call for temperature modification. Mold growth and spore production is significantly retarded when humidity is held below fifty percent. Regular use of the HVAC system can be helpful to reduce humidity in the indoor air. However, if the HVAC system is not sufficient to maintain the humidity below fifty percent, consider adding dehumidifiers to maintain the humidity below fifty percent. Once again, this is especially important in the spring and fall when neither heat nor air conditioning is in use.

7

Dehumidifiers can be arranged to drain automatically so they do not have to be manually emptied. If a drain is not readily accessible, a condensate pump can be attached to the side of the dehumidifier to pump the water to an available drain. As an alternative, consider adding a whole house dehumidifier to operate even when temperature modification is not required. All rugs, carpets and upholstered furniture should be regularly vacuumed with a HEPA filter vacuum to remove remaining spores. A vacuum cleaner without a HEPA filter will merely draw spores and other particulate from the surface and broadcast them throughout the master bedroom. Hard surfaces should be wiped periodically with a mild fungicide, such as now contained in many dusting products, to remove any latent spores before they can find a suitable place to grow.

Remediation Safety Precautions Goggles and a mask with an N95 rating should be worn when working around mold spores. Note that the mask will not protect the wearer from the effects of any chemicals used in the remediation process. You can find information regarding protection, containment and other issues at http://www.epa.gov/iaq/molds/table2.htm. Though chlorine and water is commonly used to clean mold, it is not suggested for cleaning porous materials such as drywall, wooden joists or studs. The reason is that the chlorine kills mold, but does not do very well in killing spores. The chlorine evaporates faster than the water and the water left behind can provide moisture for the remaining spores to begin to grow. Chlorine is a strong oxidizer and can adversely affect the lungs of people exposed to the fumes. Consider using a chemical that will not off-gas lung damaging fumes and will evaporate without leaving moisture. Material used during remediation such as encapsulators, moisture barriers and fungicides should be investigated to assure that the residue or off-gassing of the material will not cause respiratory distress in the occupants. Consider contacting your Home Improvement or Janitorial Supply Store for recommendations as to products and their use. During the remediation, place a box type fan directed outward through a window of the area being remediated to create a negative pressure when compared to other areas of the home. This will cause any airflow between the home and the area being remediated to go in the direction of the remediation work to limit contamination of the home from the remediation work. Prior to creating a negative pressure in any area of the home, ensure that access to unfinished areas such as crawlspaces and attics are sealed to prevent air from these areas from being drawn into the home.

8

Use a vacuum clean with a HEPA filter for mold remediation. A vacuum cleaner without a HEPA filter will merely draw spores and other particulate from the surface and broadcast them throughout the master bedroom. HEPA filters and exhaust extensions for shop type vacuums are available through janitorial supply stores as well as many home improvement stores. When vacuuming surfaces with mold, the vacuum should be exhausted outside of the area being remediated so that any spores that do make it through the filter are not reintroduced into the air. This will also help prevent the air from the exhaust disturbing other spores until they have been vacuumed. Areas without air filtration and humidity control such as basements, attics and crawlspaces often contain the HVAC system. Without air filtration and humidity control, such areas are often spore-laden. In some instances, there are seams in the HVAC system that could allow the introduction of air from spore-laden environments into the HVAC system that serves the home. For this reason all seams in the HVAC system should be taped and any gaps where sheet metal spans joists to act as a cold air return should be sealed with calking that is designed to retain its flexibility. This work should be done before remediation in order to minimize airflow into the home during the remediation. Supply or return HVAC vents that service the area being remediated should be taped over during any remediation work to prevent disturbed spores from contaminating other areas of the home.

Conclusion The sampling performed was to determine whether spore activity in the indoor air was at a level that could pose health concerns for the occupants. The spore profile for the living room air sample, when compared to the outside samples indicate that some of the spores originate from mold growth within the home and may cause respiratory discomfort to those who are sensitive to mold. The living room air sample contained insulation, which can contribute to health symptoms. The skin fragment count was elevated in the living room sample. Excess skin fragments can result in dust mites, which is a common trigger for asthma type symptoms. The above suggestions are intended to help reduce the existing spore and particulate counts and prevent the future buildup of spores and particulate within the home. While it is possible to get the home to clean room status, it more practical to do the obvious work first and then evaluate whether additional work is required.

9

Note that mold spores can come in when the doors or windows are opened, and can also come in on clothing and shoes. The spore count can also vary as a result of changes in humidity and outdoor spore counts throughout the year. Having a spore free environment is not realistic;; filtering the air within the home, regular use of a HEPA filter vacuum cleaner, good housekeeping, and preventing the growth of mold from any spores that do enter by controlling the humidity are keys to maintaining good indoor air quality. The above report may not be sufficient to address all indoor environmental factors which may contribute to health symptoms. For this reason, consider consulting with your health care provider about the contents of this report.

General Recommendations This list of recommendations is a tool to aid you in remediation of mold infestation. These recommendations are supported by research as viable options for the elimination and control of mold.

Focus effort to locate ALL sources of water damage and mold growth. Correct and/or eliminate any water intrusion or moisture event that could propagate molds. Make repairs to leaks within 48 hours.

Remove any building materials that are or have been water damaged using containment where necessary. Even when these damaged areas have dried, they may harbor mold spores. (Always use personal protective equipment and containment appropriate for the work to be done. You can find information regarding protection, containment and other issues at http://www.epa.gov/iaq/molds/table2.htm.

Treat water damaged materials that cannot be removed to kill fungus. Use encapsulating materials on porous materials after treatment to kill mold to help control any existing spores that cannot be removed.

Dehumidify the area to deprive moisture to existing mold spores. Appropriate ventilation may help with excess humidity.

Filter the air to remove existing mold spores. During remediation of the mold, we suggest the use of negative air pressure and air scrubbers to aid in removing the mold spores while preventing the spread of them as much as possible.

HEPA vacuum all carpets, furniture and porous surfaces;; wipe down all hard, non-porous surfaces.

Keep humidity levels between 40% and 50% to retard mold growth. Use an HVAC filter with a MERV rating of 8 or higher. Be aware that the higher the MERV rating (some filters are rated up to 15) the more restricted the airflow, which can reduce the cooling capacity and potentially increase humidity.

Note that the findings in this report are believed to be accurate but are based on the work and findings of others, so Air Allergen and Mold Testing, Inc. is not able to guarantee the results adequately represent all matters relating to mold in any one particular circumstance.

http://www.epa.gov/iaq/molds/table2.htm

10

We are pleased to have you as a customer. If you have any questions or concerns, please call us at your convenience. Respectfully, Richard Johnson, Air Allergen & Mold Testing, Inc. Attachments: Lab analysis;; Mold Data Sheets;; References

Sample Analysisfor

Lamacraft

Venice

Professional Services

Consultant / Contact: 3/7/2011Attention: rb Address: 3/5/2011

Job Key:

Project:

AAMT#Customer Sample #Spore Trap Serial #

Volume (L)83 73 68 73 83 732

Skin Fragments %Background / m3

Hyphae / m3

Pollen / m3

Spore Name Raw Count Spores/m3 % Total Raw Count Spores/m3 % Total Raw Count Spores/m3 % TotalAlternaria 1 15 0.9 4 58 18.5

ArthriniumArthrosporesAscospores 7 102 6.3 4 58 18.5 8 116 4.9

Basidiospores 38 553 34.2 95 1,382 58.4*Bipolaris 2 29 9.3

Curvularia 1 15 0.9 2 29 9.3Epicoccum 2 9 2.8Nigrospora 1 15 4.6 1 4 0.2

Periconia/Myxomycete 4 58 3.6 1 15 4.6 9 131 5.5Pithomyces 2 29 9.3Spegazzinia

TetraploaTorula

Uredinospores (rust)Pestalotia 2 29 9.3

Helicomyces 1 4 0.2

Aspergillus/Penicillium 6 87 5.4 3 44 13.9 20 291 12.3Cladosporium 53 771 47.7 30 436 18.4

Chaetomium 1 15 0.9StachybotrysTrichoderma

Ulocladium

Total 111 1,615 100 23 314 100 164 2,365 100Limit of Detection @ 600x 15 15 15Limit of Detection @ 300x 4 4 4

Please see attached sheet for additional information and important notes.

Background / m3 is a combination of debris, skin and fibers.* WaterRelated refers to organisms that are commonly found in areas of high water activity.This can be in the form of high Relative Humidity (RH), meaning consistently above 50%Top 3 organisms =

107 107

Water

Related *

Inside / O

utsidePredom

inantly Outside

Humidity / Temperature

8715,742

225 225225

#116586014 16586124

Richard Billups

Report Date:

Laboratory Director

Ali Haas

Analysis of Linear Spore Trap Samples

102

51-7544,228

87

836 Sunset Lake Blvd Suite 103

#3

0-257,871

0-25

16586001#2

Stone Mountain, Ga. 30087Phone (770) 938-4861 Fax (770) 270-0853

Air Allergen & Mod Testing2041 Hessian Court

Venice, Fl 34292

Venice Professional ServicesAnalyzed by:

030711-003-01 030711-003-02 030711-003-03Location

030711-003Report #

Outside (back)Outside (front) Living Room

by SOP AAMTDX001

Date Received:

LamacraftDate Ammended:

AIHA Participant 199873 Page 2 of 21

AAMTControl # F101

Rev. 11/20/2011

Report Date:Attention: Analyzed by:

Venice, Fl 34292

Project: Lamacraft

AAMT Test # ParticlesLocation Fibers



Other observations:

*Bipolaris includes the genera Drechslera, Exserohilum, Helminthosporium.Particle and Fiber descriptions are generalized. To identify particles and fibers specifically, additional analysiswould be necessary.Overloaded samples are analyzed in the same manner as normally debirs loaded slides. The number of spores reported are the leastamount present, as debris may be covering other spore types and numbers.

cellulose

Venice Professional Services

Air Allergen & Mold Testing2041 Hessian Court

Phone (770) 938-4861 Fax (770) 270-0853Stone Mountain, Ga. 30087

836 Sunset Lake Blvd Suite 103Ali Haas

Consultant / Contact: 3/7/2011rb

030711-003-02

Background and Fiber Analysis

carboninsulation

carboncellulose

soil

Outside (front)

Living Room

Outside (back)

030711-003-01

030711-003-03

Report # 030711-003

carbonsoil

cellulose

soil


AAMTControl # F103

Rev.03/10/2010

Report #

Consultant / Contact: Venice Professional Services Report Date: 3/7/2011Attention: Ali Haas Analyzed by: rbAddress: 836 Sunset Lake Blvd Suite 103 3/5/2011

Job Key:

Project: Lamacraft

LocationAAMT #

Customer Sample #Type of Test

Background Dust Mites

Hyphae

Spore Type Amount FS Amount FS Amount FSChaetomium sp. Moderate no

Scopulariopsis sp. Predominant noStachybotrys sp. Rare no

Qualitative analysis

Moderate = < 50% of slide.Rare = < 10% of slideFS = fruiting structures present. Indicates fungi is currently growing.

Air Allergen & Mold Testing, Inc.

#4Swab

None Detected

Foyer closet

Direct Exam Microscopic Analysisby SOP AAMTDX002

030711-003-04

Phone (770) 938-4861 Fax (770) 270-0853Stone Mountain, Ga. 30087

2041 Hessian Court

Date Received:

030711-003

Predominant = major spore type on slide. More than one spore type can be predominmant.

Absent

Laboratory DirectorRichard Billups

Venice, Fl 34292

Rare

Date Ammended:


AAMTControl# F104

Rev 03/10/2010

How To Read Our Reports

AAMT Test #Customer Sample #Spore Trap Serial #

Location Amount of Air sampled, out of 1000 LitersVolume (L)

Skin Fragments % Total particles in 1 cubic meter of air Background / m3 (1000 liters)

Hyphae / m3

Spore Name Raw CountSpores/m3 % Total

2 83Arthrinium

Arthrospores How many spores the analyst counted ( raw count)Ascospores

BasidiosporesBipolaris

CurvulariaEpicoccum Percent of the total spores present per cubic meterNigrospora 5 207 0.9

Periconia/MyxomycetePithomycesSpegazzinia

TetraploaTorula

UrediniosporesTotal number of spores after formula applied to raw spore count, which will equal how many spores

Aspergillus/Penicillium 400 16,593 73.1 there are per one cubic meter of airCladosporium 127 5,268 23.2

Chaetomium 10 415 1.8Stachybotrys 3 124 0.5Trichoderma Total spores in this sample per one cubic meter of air.

Ulocladium

Total 547 22,690 100

44 Each spore counted by the analyst represents this13 many spores at one cubic meter, at the specified

magnification

Inside / O

utsideW

ater Dam

agePlease see attached sheet for additional information.

Limit of Detection @ 600xLimit of Detection @ 300x

26-50126,853

1067

Predom

inantly Outside

Alternaria 0.4

75

Air Allergen Mold Testing, Inc.2041 Hessian CourtStone Mountain, Ga. 30087 Page 5 of 21

AAMTControl # R104

Rev. 03/10/2010

How to Read Our Reports

1. Notice that the major groups of spores are separated into , and . This is to make it easier to compare important groupings on the report.

2. The spore types, as well as the number identified is important. High levels of Aspergillus / Penicillium, and any level of the Water Damage organisms should be of concern.

3. The Outside, or Background sample is used to verify that the sampling equipment is operating correctly. The Outside sample can also be used to determine if the HVAC is operating correctly and as a comparison to the spores recovered inside.

4. The background is represented as particles per cubic meter. The higher the number of particles the more likely that the HVAC is not operating correctly, or there may be overcrowding in the room. High levels of particles can also be an indicator of poor air quality that can lead to respiratory irritation.

5. Skin fragments are common in the indoor air. Again, as the % of fragments rise, the more chance that it may be indicating poor circulation or overcrowding.

6. Particles and Fibers are identified on page 2 of the report. If there is something important to note about the fibers or if dust mite parts are observed, it will be noted here.

7. Hyphae are analogous to the stem of a plant. The spores arise from the hyphae, therefore, hyphae should be taken into account when looking at the total spore count, although they are not a part of that number. Hyphae can also give rise to new fungus growth in HVAC systems and carpeting.

8. The spore types are explained in the Organism section of the report. 9. The Limit of Detection is equal to one spore counted by the analyst divided by the inverse of the

volume sampled and by the percent of the slide analyzed. If the detection limit is 41, it means that if there are 41 spores of that type in 1 cubic meter of air, that reading 30% of the slide at 600x (magnification) will result in a raw count of 1.

Predominantly Outside Inside / Outside Water damage


AAMTControl # R104

Rev. 03/10/2010

MagnificationView 600X -- Alternaria, Epicoccum

-- background debris

Company Venice Professional ServicesProject LamacraftLocation Living Rm (spore trap)AAMT # 030711-003DateInformation on specific organisms listed can be viewed on our Fungal Organisms Description page.Background particle information can be found on the How to Read Our Reports section.

3/7/2011

Page 7 of 21

MagnificationView 600X -- Chaetomium, Stachybotrys

--

Company Venice Professional ServicesProject LamacraftLocation Foyer closet (swab)AAMT # 030711-003DateInformation on specific organisms listed can be viewed on our Fungal Organisms Description page.Background particle information can be found on the How to Read Our Reports section.

3/7/2011

Page 8 of 21

Recovered From Comments Inside / OutsideHigh Water

Activity Mycotoxins Health Risk Found inGenus Species Spore Type Indicator Produced Type Combination with

Acremonium species soil, dead leaves, carpet, gypsum board

generally recovered lin large numbers

Often recovered from water damaged inside wall board and

carpeting

YES NO keratitis, mycetoma, aspergillosis

Stachybotrys, Chaetomium, Trichoderma, Aspergillus,

Penicillium

Alternaria alternata carpet and air. Mostly an outside spore on plants and

in soil

occurs in small amounts

OUT YES YES phaeohypho-mycosis, infections of bone, cutaneous tissue, ears,

eyes, paranasal sinuses and urinary tract

Bipolaris, Curvualria, Cladosporium, Pithomyces,

Epicoccum, Drechslera, Exserohilum, Helminthosporium

Arthrinium species soil, forest litter, plant materials, decaying wood,

decaying wood in crawl spaces

not often occuring inside, generally

outside in moderate numbers. Often

found on decaying wood in crawl

spaces

OUT NO NA Curvualria, Bipolaris, Cladosporium, Pithomyces,

Epicoccum

Ascospores wide variety of substrates. Plant, soil, air, cellulose materials, wood in crawl

spaces

at certain times of year, found in large numbers outside

OUT Chaetomium globosum, Eurotium

species - YES. Most other genera and species, NO

dependent on genus or species

recovered

Not generally involved with human disease.

Basidiospores (if outside), not generally recovered on laboratory

media.

Aspergillus flavus common in seeds, nuts and cereals

BOTH YES YES Respiratory pathogen. Second most often cause of Aspergillosis

Aspergillus sp, Penicillium sp.

Aspergillus (Neosartorya)

fumigatus (fischeri)

Air, Carpet, HVAC Must be < 1. Not tolerated at any

level inside.

NA NA YES Respiratory pathogen. Most often cause of Aspergillosis

Aspergillus versicolor, Aspergillus sydowii, Aspergillus niger,

Penicillium sp., Cladosporium sp., bacteria

Aspergillus niger food, indoor air BOTH YES YES aspergillosis other Aspergillus, Penicillium

Aspergillus ochraceus coffee beans, spices, soil BOTH YES YES aspergillosis Aspergillus versicolor, Aspergillus sydowii, Aspergillus niger,

Penicillium sp., Cladosporium sp., bacteria

FUNGAL ORGANISM DESCRIPTIONS

Organism


AAMTcontrol # R101

Rev. 03/10/2010

Organism Recovered From Comments Inside / OutsideHigh Water

Activity Mycotoxins Health Risk Found in

Genus Species Spore Type Indicator Produced Type Combination withAspergillus species soil, food, air, carpet, HVAC Large amounts

when recoveredBOTH YES

several speciesYES

several speciesaspergillosis, allergy Penicillium

Aspergillus sydowii soil, food, leather BOTH YES NO aspergillosis other Aspergillus, Penicillium

Aspergillus ustus food, indoor environment

BOTH YES NO aspergillosis other Aspergillus, Penicillium

Aspergillus versicolor HVAC, insulation, carpet, air

Must be < 1. Not tolerated at any

level inside.

NA NA YES aspergillosis Aspergillus sydowii, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus usuts

Aureobasidium pullulans food, indoor, soil, leaf, seeds, fruit drinks, carpet,

wet areas

INSIDE YES NO corneal, peritoneal, cutaneous, pulmonary, systemic mycosis

yeasts, Chaetomium, Stachybotrys, Trichoderma,

Aspergillus, Penicillium

Basidiospores soil, wood, cellulose materials, plywood when

wet

large amounts OUTSIDE YES NO for air, YES for some

mushrooms

NONE from air. Some mushrooms ingested can contain dangerous toxins

Ascospores, recovered on laboatory media as sterile mycelium, sometimes with

"clamps" and/or arthrospores

Bispora sp. soil, wood OUTSIDE NO NO NA Bipolaris, Curvualria, Cladosporium, Pithomyces,

Epicoccum, Drechslera, Exserohilum, Helminthosporium

Chrysonilia Species soil also known as Neurospora

BOTH NO NO NA NA

Chaetomium Species Ascospore commonly associated with wet

gypsum board. Present in soil

Large amounts when recovered

INSIDE YES NO occasionally associated with infections of blood, brain, skin

and nails

yeasts, Stachybotrys, Trichoderma, Aspergillus,

Penicillium


AAMTcontrol # R101

Rev. 03/10/2010



Genus Species Spore Type Indicator Produced Type Combination withCladosporium cladosporioides plant material, soil, indoor

air, carpet, HVACcommon spore in

the indoor air. Indicates normal air when greater than

C. sphaerospermum

BOTH NO NO NA Alternaria, Curvualria, Pithomyces, Epicoccum, Drechslera, Exserohilum,

Helminthosporium

Cladosporium sphaerospermum plant material, soil, indoor air, carpet, HVAC

high amount in indoor air indicates

poor air quality

BOTH YES NO NA Cladosporium cladosporioides, Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp.

Cladosporium species plant material, soil, indoor air, carpet, HVAC

BOTH NO NO NA Alternaria, Curvualria, Pithomyces, Epicoccum, Drechslera, Exserohilum,

Helminthosporium

Curvularia species soil, plant material, carpet, cellulose materials (paper)

BOTH opportunisitc pathogen of cornea and sinuses. Related to

keratitis, endocarditis, mycetoma and pulmonary infection.

Alternaria,Cladosporium species Pithomyces, Epicoccum, Drechslera, Exserohilum,

Helminthosporium

Dicyma species soil related to wood rot OUT YES NO NA Chaetomium, Stachybotrys, Trichoderma

Epicooum nigrum plants, soil, carpet, air, seeds

generally recovered in small numbers

primarily outside but is common inside, as

well.

NO NO None Alternaria, Curvualria, Cladosporium spcies, Pithomyces,

Drechslera, Exserohilum, Helminthosporium

Eurotium Eurotium

amstelodami herbariorum

soil, variety of food, indoor air

BOTH NO Although,

Xerophillic, often found in water

damaged buildings.

NO aspergillosis Aspergillus, Penicillium

Fusarium species grains, soils, apples, potatoes, sugar beet, maize

few, when recovered

BOTH NO YES several species

keratitis, occasionally mycetoma, sinusitis, septic arthritis and onychomycosis. Contains

highly toxic secondary metabolites when ingested in

some food grains.

Aspergillus, Penicillium, Acremonium, Epicoccum


AAMTcontrol # R101

Rev. 03/10/2010



Genus Species Spore Type Indicator Produced Type Combination withMicrospcorum species human and animal scalp,

skin, nailsrarely recovered in

air samplesIN NO NO dermatophyte. Ringworm,

infections of skin, scalp and nailsTrichopyton, Epidermophyton

Mucor species soil, wet damp materials common bread mold BOTH YES NO Common cause of zygomycosis Rhizopus, Absidia, Cunninghamella, Syncephalastrum

Myxomycete plant pathogen low, outside OUTSIDE NO NO NO seen at various times of the years outside with a

combination of other outside spores

Nigrospora species carpet, air, soil, plants BOTH NO NO None Alternaria,Cladosporium species Pithomyces,

Epicoccum, Drechslera, Exserohilum,

Helminthosporium

Paecilomyces variotii soil, compost thermophillic Both YES YES sinusitis, eye infections Aspergillus, Penicillium

Penicillium sp. soil, food most common spore type found in the indoor air

Both YES YES several

species of the approximately

200 known

Aspergillosis Aspergillus, Paecilomyces

Periconia species plant pathogen low, outside OUTSIDE NO NO NO seen at various times of the years outside with a


Phoma species plant, soil, caroet, wood BOTH NO NO occsional agent of phaeohyphomycosis

found in combination with a variety of wood rot or plant

pathogen fungi

Pithomyces species soil, air, plant material at certain times of the year can be recovered in

moderate amounts from

outside air

OUTSIDE NO NO NONE Alternaria,Cladosporium species, Epicoccum,

Drechslera, Exserohilum, Helminthosporium

Rhizopus species soil, damp wet materials

common bread mold

BOTH YES NO Most common cause of zygomycosis

Mucor, Absidia, Cunninghamella, Syncephalastrum

Organism


AAMTcontrol # R101

Rev. 03/10/2010



Genus Species Spore Type Indicator Produced Type Combination withRhodotorula species wood, behind wall

paper, cellulose products, carpets

pink, orange or red yeast, needs very high water activity levels

BOTH YES NO NONE Sporobolomyces, Aureobasidium,

Chaetomium, Stachybotrys

Scopulariopsis brevicaulis soil, wood, food has a characteristic

ammoniacal odor

BOTH NO NO Can infect toenail. May be a risk or subcutaneous or invasive infections of the

immunocompromised

Aspergillus, Penicillium

Spegazzinia species soil, plants very small numbers outside

OUTSIDE NO NO NO seen at various times of the years outside with a


Sporothrix species soil, wood, moss BOTH one species is known to cause human infections

Stachybotrys (Memnoniella)

chartarum (echinata)

Most often actively growing on the

backside of gypsum board. Carpet, HVAC provide sparse growth and sometimes only

spores

Must be < 1. Not tolerated at any

level inside, although

individual spores are occasionally

brought in on shoes from the

soil.

Most often recovered inside

YES YES Neurotoxic. Toxins are damaging to organs but the spores do not grow at body

temperature.

Chaetomium, Trichoderma, Acremonium, Ulocladium,

Aspergillus usuts

Stemphylium species soil, grass, wood, paper

in small numbers outside

OUTSIDE NO NO NONE Alternaria,Cladosporium species, Epicoccum,

Drechslera, Exserohilum, Helminthosporium,

Curvularia, Pithomyces, Bipolaris

Tetraploa species plant material very small numbers outside



Torula species soil, plants very small numbers outside




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Genus Species Spore Type Indicator Produced Type Combination withTrichoderma species soil, plant material,

carpet, cellulose materials (paper),

decaying wood

clumps of green spores in large

numbers

BOTH YES NO T. viride is associated with aspergillosis. T. harzianum

is associated with hypersensitivity

pneumonitis

Aspergillus, Penicillium, Chaetomium, Acremonium,

Stachybotrys

Uredinospores (Rusts)

plant pathogen variable in numbers produced



Wallemia Sebi soil, variety of food, indoor air

procuded in small numbers

BOTH NO Although,

Xerophillic, often found in

water damaged buildings.

NO NO Eurotium amstelodami, Aspergillus versicolor

Trichophyton species human and animal scalp, skin, nails

rarely recovered in air samples

IN NO NO dermatophyte. Ringworm, infections of skin, scalp and

nails

Microsporum, Epidermophyton

Ulocladium species soil, grass, wood, paper

in small numbers outside,

moderate inside

BOTH YES NO NONE Aspergillus, Penicillium, Chaetomium, Acremonium,

Stachybotrys

Ustilago species plant pathogen BOTH NO NO NO soil organisms

Organism


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GLOSSARY Actinomycetes Class of filamentous bacteria associated

with water damaged building materials. Strong earthy odor is present. Some genera are associated with skin and respiratory infections.

Aspergillosis

refers to any species of the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium that can infect the respiratory tract, sinuses, ear, eye, skin, mucous membranes and multiple systemic sites. The most common cause of aspergillosis is Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus

Ascomycetes (ascospores) a class of fungi characterized by the presence of asci and spores, and having two distinct reproductive phases, a perfect stage and an imperfect stage. Outside, mainly found as plant pathogens.

Basidiomycetes (basidiospores)

the largest class of fungi the Basidiomycota has been divided into 2 classes, mushrooms, and the jelly, rust and smut fungi). Major contributor to wood rot.

Chromoblastomycosis granulomatos inflammation with supprative reaction, generally superficial and/or subcutaneous.

Conidiophore

. Presence of a specialized hyphal structure that serves as a stalk on which the conidia are formed. Indicative of current fungal growth.

Air Allergen Mold Testing2041 Hessian CourtStone Mountain, Ga. 30087 Page 16 of 21

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Dermatophyte

a fungus belonging to the genus, Trichophyton, Epidermophyton or Microsporum, with the ability to obtain nutrients from keratin and infect skin, hair, or nails of humans or animals.

ERMI Group 1 set of fungal organisms that EPA proposes are found in homes that may have health risks due to high levels of

Hyalohyphomycosis saprophytic fungi that produce colorless

hyphae

Hyphae string-like structures that support the spores of fungi. Also called mycelia or mycelium

Keratitis inflammation of the cornea of the eye

Mycetoma a localized, chronic cutaneous or subcutaneous infection classically characterized by draining sinuses, granules and swelling.

Mycosis disease caused by a fungus Myxomycetes (slime mold) A class of peculiar organisms, the slime

molds, formerly regarded as animals (Mycetozoa), but now generally thought to be plants and often separated as a distinct phylum (Myxophyta); essentially equivalent to the division Myxomycota. They are found on damp earth and decaying vegetable matter, and consist of naked masses of protoplasm, often of considerable size, which creep very slowly over the surface and ingest solid food.


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Onychomycosis a fungal infection that affects the fingernails or toenails

Phaeohyphomycosis saprophytic fungi that produce dark brown to black hyphae and infect the skin and may also be subcutaneous.

Sporotrichosis Subcutaneous infection that may produce ulcerations in the skin.

Sterile Mycelium hyphae that have an absence of spores or conidia

Subcutaneous situated or occurring directly under the skin

Supprative producing puss Uredinospores (Rusts) are the thinner-walled spores of some

fungi: (rusts and smuts), from which the basidium arises. Plant pathogens.

Xerophillic Prefers dry places, growing under dry conditions

Zygomycosis infection caused by opportunistic fungi of the zygomycete group (Rhizopus, Mucor, Rhizomucor, Absidia, Sycephalastrum, Cunninghamella)


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References

Barnett, H. H. (1998). Illustrated Genera of Imperfect Fungi (4th ed.). St. Paul, Minnesota: APS Press.

Bioserosols Assessment and Control. (1999). Cincinnati, Ohio: ACGIH.

Brandys, R. B. (2010). International Indoor Air Quality Standards (2nd ed.). Hinsdale, Il, USA: OEHCS,Inc, Publications Division.

Brandys, R. B. (2010). Worldwide Exposure Standards for Mold and Bacteria (8th ed.). Hinsdale, Il, USA: OEHCS,Inc, Publishing Division.

Ellis, M.B. (1971). Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Cambridge, Mass. :CABI Publishing.

Klich, M. (2002). Identification of comon Aspergillus species. Ultrecht, Netherlands: Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures.

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References

Koneman's Color Atlas and Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology ( 6th ed.)(2006). Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

Larone, D. (2002). Medically Important Fungi, A Guide to Identification. (4th ed.). Washington D.C., D C: ASM Press.

Murray, P. B. (1995). Manual of Clinical Microbiology (6th ed.). Washington D.C., D.C.: ASM Press.

Pitt, J. (2000). A Laboratory Guide to Common Penicillium Species. North Ryde, Austrailia: Food Science Austrailia.

Samson, R. H. (2002). Introductin to Food and Airborne Fungi (6th ed.). Netherlands: Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures.

Smith, E. G. (2000). Sampling and Identifying Allergenic Pollens and Molds. San Antonio, Texas: Blewstone Press.

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References

Wang, C. A. (1990). Identification Manual for Fungi from Utility Poles in the Eastern United States. Lawrence, Kansas: Allen Press, Inc

Wantanabe, T. (2010). Pictoral Atlas of Soil and See Fungi (3rd ed.). Boca Raton, Fl.: CRC Press.

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Documents

Iac2 Complete Mold Inspection Report Cover Page Complete Mold Inspection Report Cover Page Florida St., Your Town FL, 34292 Inspection prepared for: Real Sample Report ... off valves