19
Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand Lance Jennings Clinical Virologist, Canterbury Health Laboratories 3rd New Zealand Influenza Symposium, Wellington,              2 nd November 2016

Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    1

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

Lance JenningsClinical Virologist, Canterbury Health Laboratories

3rd New Zealand Influenza Symposium, Wellington,              2nd November 2016

Page 2: Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

Outline

SESSION 1: The big picture

• Periodicity & seasonality of influenza• Surveillance & it’s public health role• 2016 season• The Canterbury influenza initiative 

• & use of surveillance data

Page 3: Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

141 WHO National Influenza Centres in 111 countries (>92% population)5 WHO Collaborating Centres for Influenza (human), one for animal13 H5 Reference Laboratories4 Essential Regulatory Laboratories (FDA, TGA, NIBSC, NIID)

Coordinated by WHO Global Influenza Program in Geneva

AtlantaLondon

TokyoBeijing

Melbourne

Memphis

(GISRS)

Page 4: Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

Influenza surveillance – the bigger picture:fulfilling a public health role• Indicate the onset, size and duration of influenza activity, 

• including the demographics of the population affected• Identify the influenza strains for planning future vaccines• Serves as a global alert mechanism for emergence of influenza viruses with pandemic potential

• Help to understand the impact on the health of individuals and on the health system as a whole

• Help to estimate the burden of disease to inform policy and research on • Where to target interventions – prevention and treatment• The likely benefits from effective interventions

• Acts as a marker for measuring the effectiveness of vaccines and other interventions

Page 5: Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

Understanding the impact of seasonal influenza

SYNDROMIC LABORATORY

Page 6: Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

Global, Northern & Southern Hemisphere activity: WHO Flunet

http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/flunet/charts/en/

Southern Hemisphere

Northern HemisphereGlobal 2015‐2016

H3H1

Page 7: Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

New Zealand specimens positive for influenza: WHO Flunet

http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/flunet/en/

Page 8: Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Rate

per 1

00,000

pract

ice po

pulat

ion

Year

ILI and laboratory surveillance 1990‐2016

Source: Huang S. ESR, 2016;   https://surv.esr.cri.nz/PDF_surveillance/Virology/FluAnnRpt/Influenzasurveillance2014Final.pdf

15        1665     9435       6

Page 9: Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

Laboratory surveillance: influenza viruses

Influenza A• A(H3N2): dominant 15/20 seasons

• A(H1N1)pdm09: 2009, 2010 and 2014

Influenza B• B/Victoria: 3‐yearly cycle during 2002‐2011

• 2015 B/Yam & more B/Victoria in late season 

2016• 94% Influenza A• A(H3N2) dominant & little B: B/Yam > B/Vic

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

Num

ber o

f inf

luen

za v

iruse

s

Seasonal A(H1N1)

A(H3N2)

A(H1N1)pdm09

97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16Seasonal A(H1N1) 8 48 0 52 87 1 0 0 18 13 42 2 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0A(H3N2) 92 52 100 48 13 99 100 100 82 87 58 98 2 1 80 86 74 26 98 78A(H1N1)pdm09 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 78 99 20 14 26 74 2 22

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1100

Numb

er of

influe

nza v

iruse

s

B-Victoria lineage

B-Yamagata lineage

90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16B/Victoria lineage (%) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 99 33 2 82 60 1 77 0 100 98 16 2 4 51 42B/Yamagata lineage (%) 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 1 67 98 18 40 99 23 0 0 2 84 98 96 49 58

Source: Huang S. ESR, Oct 2016

Influenza A

Influenza B

Page 10: Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

Influenza surveillance 2016SARI

SARI case demographics

ILI and influenza incidence

https://surv.esr.cri.nz/PDF_surveillance/Virology/FluWeekRpt/2016/FluWeekRpt201639.pdf

Page 11: Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

3C.3a

H3N2

Source: Melbourne WHOCC AIVC Report 13 Oct 2016

Page 12: Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

A(H3N2)

Source: Melbourne WHOCC AIVC Report 13 Oct 2016

Page 13: Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

DHB ILI consultations

https://surv.esr.cri.nz/PDF_surveillance/Virology/FluWeekRpt/2016/FluWeekRpt201639.pdf

Page 14: Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

Community ILI rates (per 100,000 practice population) & influenza identifications 

National ILI and influenza incidence CDHB ILI  CDHB influenza isolates

Influenza 2016 ‐ 91% A(H3N2)Influenza B – 81% B Yam

Page 15: Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

Canterbury: markers of influenza severity

0

100

200

300

400

500

12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40Week

 Elderly Paeds  Adult  Elderly 2015 Paed 2015 Adult 2015

Elderly 2016

Elderly 2015

0

0.4

0.8

1.2

1.612 16 20 24 28 32 36 40

Week20162012‐2015 average

Weekly hospital admissions

ICU/CICU admissions (Weekly ave of previous 6 weeks admissions)

Cumulative rate /100,000 by age

2016 admissions to ICU approx. 2X 2015

http://intel.phuserver.org.nz/influenza‐and‐respiratory‐pathogens.aspx

Page 16: Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

Normal Workload

Increased ILI/Respiratory Illnesses

Business as Usual

Approx 4 months Approx 4 months Approx 4 months

Practice Capacity

Expanded Practice Capacity

Impact of Annual Winter Illnesses 2016 Primary Care Flu Response Plan

Staff

ILI

Non‐ILI

Page 17: Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

The Canterbury initiative

• Intel is circulated weekly to all GP’s

• One pager• Contains key points & relevant advice to GP’s

Page 18: Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

Canterbury initiative: use of influenza intelInfluenza surveillance is used to inform the Canterbury response:• GPs are made aware of 

• ILI rates,  ED attendances and potential pressure on hospital beds, ICU admissions• GPs advised to introduce clinic access strategies

• The holding flu clinics;  Extension of opening hours. • CDHB considers funding for patients to attend clinics at after hours centres • Promote influenza vaccination

• For the funded groups as well as others;  Promote workplace vaccination.• Promote respiratory hygiene in schools, preschools and community. • Highlight the role of Tamiflu in general practice.• Community messaging about self‐management (balance against the risk of the elderly, and others, presenting late and requiring hospitalisation).

• Influenza surveillance data needs to be:• Timely• Relevant to the community that uses the data for influenza prevention and control strategies. 

Page 19: Patterns of Seasonal Influenza in New Zealand

Christchurch in bed with the ‘Flu

Thank you