Patterns of Poverty and Wealth

Basic Rights and Expectations

• What do you expect you have a right to living in Australia?

• Put ONE answer on a piece of paper!

Malawi

• The WHO estimates 12% of children die before they reach 5 y.o. (133 in every 1000)

• Malawi is one of Africa’s poorest nations with a gross national income of US$690 p.p.

• Nearly ½ the 13 million people in Malawi live on less than $1 per day

• 24% don’t have access to clean water

• AIDS is responsible for 8 deaths every hour

CARE Australia

• CARE works in small communities to improve:– Access to food – Access to health services for

those affected by HIV and AIDS– Access to sustainable income

opportunities– Training of community members– General issues related to poverty

An Unequal World

• About 20% of the world’s population uses 80% of the world’s resources

• 1.1 billion (of the 6.7 billion in the world) live in extreme poverty (less than $1 per day)

• About ½ the world’s population lives on less than $2 per day

• Hundreds of millions do not have enough food or safe water

• In some countries more than 80% of adults are unable to read

Developed vs. Developing

• Developed countries e.g. Australia, USA, France and Japan– Satisfactory living conditions– Opportunities for high levels of

education– High levels of health and health

care• Developing countries e.g.

Malawi, Indonesia and India– Do not provide these benefits for

the majority of its people

Measuring Development

• Wealth is the most obvious way to compare countries

• Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita measures the economic value of the goods and services produced by each individual in a country on average– Australia: $33035– Malawi: $703

Measuring Development

• Development can also be measured using the Human Development Index (HDI)

• The HDI was developed by the UN and is a number calculated using four factors:– Life expectancy at birth– Adult literacy rates– Education standards– GDP per capita

• The HDI is used by the UN and NGOs to target countries in need