IPR MANAGEMNT ACTIVITIES AT URDIPPatents- A Social Contract
Patent rights are granted in return for the inventor’s full disclosure of the technology to the public
The patent holder receives the right to prevent anyone else from practicing the invention
In exchange, the government ensures that the information regarding the invention is publicly disclosed, and the invention itself is available for anyone’s use after the expiration of the patent.
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65 MILLION PATENT DOCUMENTS
GROWING RAPIDLY ( USPTO ISSUED 5000+ PATENTS IN FIRST WEEK OF JAN.)
70% OF THIS KNOWLEDGE NOT PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE
FREE ACCESS TO WORLDWIDE PATENT INFORMATION (ICT ADVANTAGE)
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Technical information from the description and drawings of the invention;
Legal information from the patent claims defining the scope of the patent and from its legal status;
Business-relevant information from reference data identifying the inventor, assignee, date of filing, country of origin, etc.;
Public policy-relevant information from an analysis of filing trends to be used by policymakers, e.g., in national industrial policy strategy.
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PATINFORMATICS
Science of analyzing patent information to discover relationships and trends that would be difficult to see when working with documents on a one-to-one basis.
Encompasses Patent Citation analysis, Patent Mapping and Patent Intelligence
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WHY PATINFORMATICS ?
EARLIEST DISCLOSURE OF TECHNOLOGY- FIRST PUBLICATION AFTER 18 MONTHS OF FILING
MAJORITY OF PATENTS ECONOMICALLY NON-SIGNIFICANT WHEN ISSUED
MANY PATENTS ARE TECHNICALLY IMPORTANT
LEVEL OF PATENT ACTIVITY- INDICATOR OF THE VALUE
TECHNICAL CONTENT AND RELATED LEGAL AND BUSINESS INFORMATION HAS MANY COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS
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PATENT CITATIONS
REFERENCES OF EARLIER PATENTS - EVIDENCE OF A CONNECTION BETWEEN TECHNICAL CONTENT AND POTENTIAL RELATIONSHIP
HIGHLY CITED PATENT –TECHNICALLY MORE RELEVANT
BUSINESS SIGNIFICANCE DUE TO “PATENT AROUND” PRACTICE
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R & D MANAGEMENT
FIND OUT WHAT ALREADY EXISTS ( STATE OF ART/ IP LANDSCAPE) AND BUILD ON IT
COMPARE IN TERMS OF UNIQUENESS,COST-EFFECTIVENESS AND MARKET ACCEPTANCE
EVALUATE PROCESS/ PRODUCT PLANS-IMPROVED R&D ALLOCATION(PICK WINNERS, AVOID LOSERS)
DEFINE PACING TECHNOLOGIES
PRODUCT AREA SURVELLANCE
TECHNOLOGY MONITORING-CONTINOUS PROCESS
IDENTIFY SIGNIFICANT NEW THRUSTS IN TECHNICAL DIRECTION, SPOT NEW ASSIGNEES, OR TRACK CHANGES IN THE POSITION OF ACTIVE ASSIGNEES
CHECK FOR INFRINGEMENTS
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CHARACTERISE HIGH- AND LOW-GROWTH TECHNOLOGIES FOR COMPETITORS
CHARACTERISTICS OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGY
- COMPANIES
- TECHNOLOGIES
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IPC: G06F
ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computers in which a part of the computation is effected hydraulically or pneumatically , optically ; computer systems based on specific computational models ; impedance networks using digital techniques)
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Top 10 Assignees Working in the Area of G06Q (2006-2010)
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Top 10 Assignees Working in the Area of G06F (2006-2010)
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TECHNOLOGICAL HEALTH OF THE FIRMS AND THEIR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
STRUCTURE OF INDUSTRY (Ex. Optical Fiber)
COMPANY FOCUSSED ANALYSIS WILL IDENTIFY
POTENTIAL TECHNOLOGY LEADERS/ ACQUISITIONS/JV PARTNERS
REDUCE PLANNING UNCERTAINITY & INVESTMENT RISK
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ASSIST DECISION-MAKING IN COMMERCIALISATION CHOICES
(LICENSE,SELL,DEVELOP OR DISCARD TEHNOLOGIES)
IDENTIFY POTENTIAL TECHNICAL CUSTOMERS
PATENTABILITY, VALIDITY AND FREEDOM TO OPERATE
DETAILED PRIOR ART SEARCH AND IDENTIFICATION OF CRITICAL PATENTS AND LITERATURE
LOOK FOR NOVELTY, NON-OBVIOUSNESS AND UTILITY
PROVIDE ALL THE REQUIRED TECHNICAL BACKUP AND ANALYSIS
FURTHER LEGAL POSITION – DEVELOPED BY PATENT LAWYERS
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Samsung Electronics and IBM Announce Patent Cross-License Agreement
SEOUL, South Korea and ARMONK, N.Y., - 08 Feb 2011: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. and IBM today announced a patent cross-license agreement, under which the companies will license their respective patent portfolios to each other.
Over the past several decades, IBM and Samsung have built strong patent portfolios covering a wide range of technologies including semiconductors, telecommunications, visual and mobile communications, software and technology-based services. This cross-licensing agreement enables the two companies to innovate and operate freely while using each other's patented inventions to help keep pace with sophisticated technology and business demands
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IDENTIFY MOST PROLIFIC INVENTORS
TRACK THEIR SCIENTIFIC CAREER, PROGRESS OF RESEARCH AND CURRENT AREAS OF ACTIVITY AND EMPLOYMENT RECORD
TARGET THEM FOR EMPLOYMENT, CONSULTANCIES OR STUDENTS
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MIC + -Naphthol (A) Carbaryl
Carbomyl chloride + CH3NH2 (C) Carbaryl
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RNH2 + CO + Naphthols Carbamates
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Focus on
Technology Scenario Analysis
Competitive Intelligence Studies
Technology Movement Assessment
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Objective
To identify the technologies used for replacing air with enriched oxygen for combustion in Internal Combustion Engines
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Why Use Enriched Oxygen instead of Air?
Allows smaller combustion chamber volume to produce about the same power as compared with a bigger engine using ambient air
Saves consumption of fuel due to lower engine weight
More complete combustion
Reduced NOx emissions
In this analysis….
All the IC engine patents with integrated oxygen enriching equipment have been considered for analysis.
Grouped according to the oxygen separating technologies
Sub- grouped based on the technologies used for carrying out the separation
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Electrochemical Cell
Magnetic Separator
Chemical Separation
Air ionizer
Liquefaction Unit
Widely focused technologies – Gas Separation by Membrane Technology and Adsorption
Use of selectively permeable membranes and permselective membranes is on the rise
Technologies with fewer patents - Magnetic separators, Gas separators like gas centrifuges
Emerging Technologies – Electrochemical cells, Membrane reactors
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Objective –
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BACKGROUND
Automobile Chassis is considered to be one of the significant structures of an automobile.
It is usually made of a steel frame, which holds the body and motor of an automotive vehicle.
As the automobile developed engineers realized that some types of cars, especially convertibles, required extra strength in the middle of the car
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Chassis Design based on arrangement of Longitudinal and Transverse members
Sr.No.r
5
3
Sr.No.
Technology focus in this area was in using tubular components
including metal, plastics and resilient materials for front or side impact
energy absorption by deformation.
Maximum number of patents are focusing on the hydro formed steel or
aluminum tubular component materials.
These hydroformed metals impart increased strength or stiffness to a
structural member, and, thus, may be used in a variety of applications.
Study also highlighted the chassis designs for cars
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Greater patient compliance
Offers high bioavailability since it facilitates rapid drug absorption in the blood
 
 
2 major companies
Inhale Therapeutic Systems
A]Formulations
C]Powder filling techniques
Sheet1
Formulations
18
Inhalers
12
Sheet2
Sheet3
Chart4
Agglomerates
Dipeptide or Tripeptide
Patent Activity of Inhale in the area of Pulmonary Insulin formulations
3
10
3
1
1
Sheet1
Formulations
18
Inhalers
12
Sheet2
Agglomerates
3
1
Sheet2
0
0
0
0
0
Patent Activity of Inhale in the area of Pulmonary Insulin formulations
Sheet3
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BENEFITS:
Appropriate friability
fine powders
controlled conditions
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Glass stabilizer : Raffinose, Na-citrate
Hydrophobic Amine
-- Improves dispersivity
Inhalation device
Minimizes waste
Any agglomerates if formed prior to delivery are completely broken
Delivery independent of patient inspiratory flow rate
Reduced cost
Inhale’s Powder filling device
These devices, systems and methods :
Allow for accurate and precise metering of the fine powder into unit doses for placement in unit dose receptacles.
Provide for the rapid processing of the fine powders so that large numbers of unit dose receptacles can rapidly be filled with unit dosages of fine powder medicaments in order to reduce cost.
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ARADIGM
Usage of Breathing Maneuver for increasing the bioavailability of Inhaled insulin
Chart2
Devices
4
3
Sheet1
Sheet2
Devices
43
Spring, Plate
Aradigm & NovoNordisk
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EXUBERA
Completed initial Phase III clinical trials [Additional long term studies in progress]
Marketing Application in Europe
Device
In this case;
during commercialization of the products
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Enhancement of bioavailability of a drug can be achieved by –
Changing the physical & chemical characteristics of the drugs
External incorporation of a Bioenhancer
BIOENHANCER is an agent that enhances bioavailability
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Plant-based bioenhancers
Plant-based bioenhancer used
Plant-based anti first pass effect compounds
33
8
36
Sheet1
8
36
Sheet1
0
0
0
Patent Activity based on the type of Plant-based bioenhancer used
Sheet2
Y1993
2
Y1995
3
Y1996
7
Y1997
4
Y1998
10
Y1999
6
Y2000
11
Y2001
10
Y2002
5
Y2003
14
Y2004
5
Sheet2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Years
Sheet3
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Piperine-based bioenhancers
How the scope of the technology widened
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Piperine-based Bioenhancers
8
36
Sheet1
0
0
0
Patent Activity based on the type of Plant-based bioenhancer used
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Y1993
2
Y1995
3
Y1996
7
Y1997
4
Y1998
10
Y1999
6
Y2000
11
Y2001
10
Y2002
5
Y2003
14
Y2004
5
Sheet2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Years
Sheet3
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Chart3
CSIR
Sheet2
Y1997
1
Y1998
3
Y1999
3
Y2000
8
Y2001
8
Y2002
2
Y2003
8
Y2004
3
Sheet2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Years
Year-wise Patent activity of Plant-based anti first pass effect compounds
Sheet3
CSIR
15
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How the technology of using Bioenhancers conceptualised by RRL-Jammu for increasing the bioavailability and reducing dose of Anti-TB/Leprosy drugs, was taken up by Sabinsa, Cadila & Panaceae Biotech.
How technology moved from its application to Anti-TB/Leprosy drugs in 1993 to its application to NSAIDS, Nutritional compounds and others wider range of drugs than claimed by RRL-Jammu.
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COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES – CAUSED PRIMARILY BY ELEVATED BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS
ADEQUATE MONITORING AND CONTROL OF BLOOD GLUCOSE IS ESSENTIAL
GLUCOSE MONITORING IS A FACT OF EVERYDAY LIFE FOR DIABETIC INDIVIUALS
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Divided Product into technology categories
Analyzed Patents in each category
Summarized Technological Progress
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Patent data in this area can be classified into the following technological categories
Patents focusing on novel glucose analysis methods
Patents emphasizing upon innovative sampling techniques
Patents focusing upon completely non-invasive means of glucose measurements.
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CATEGORY OF GLUCOSE ANALYSIS
Earliest patent- Glucose indicator formulations -MILES(1980)
Test strips based on above formulations – convenient as compared to the above- MILES (1981)
Reflectance apparatus for glucose measurement –MILES (1986)
Patient-operated glucose monitor based on reflectance photometer-HEALTHWARE CORPORATION (1988)
Multi-layered Diagnostic test strip-HOME DIAGNOSTICS (1994)
Visual blood glucose concentration test strip with a separation matrix LIFESCAN (1994)
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Device using non-radiative fluorescence resonance energy transfer SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES, INC (1994)
Novel medication infusion device like a pump with a sensor or meter for reading blood glucose MINIMED INC (1997)
Device with a disposable electrochemical sensors. BAYER (1996) ,DISETRONIC LICENSING AG (1997)and THERASENSE (2000)
Embossed test strip system –AMIRA MEDICAL (2000)
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Compact disposable blood sampling unit comprising a lancet MEDSCAN (1987), LIFESCAN (1990),HP(1999) and AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES INC (2000)
Disruption of the outermost layer of skin using an oscillation concentrator ABBOTT LABORATORIES (1999)
Body fluid sampling device, using an elastically deformable force-transmitting element to cause a skin incision-AMIRA MEDICAL (2000)
Usage of microporation or electroporation strategy for withdrawing samples for analysis of blood glucose or the usage of tightly focussed beam of sonic energy or hydraulic pressure for puncturing the stratum corneum. SPECTRX (2000)
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Usage of permeation enhancer THERATECH INC (1992)
Innovative non-invasive blood glucose measurement technique using photoacoustics TRW (1999)
Electromagnetic radiation/ excitation laser beam – application of Raman spectra LIGHTTOUCH MEDICAL INC(2000 ) CIT AND CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL LOS ANGELES (2001)
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Provides competitive edge while designing the product itself
In this case – products likely to dominate market would be the ones that are user friendly, absolutely non-invasive, based on optical measurement strategies like IR & that which could provide blood levels continuously for tight control of Diabetes mellitus
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Patent Analysis done – each step of the transformation process analysed
Possibility of infringement analysed
Freedom to Operate studied
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Patents searched for the processes for production of transgenic plants that express novel synthetically-modified Bt chimeric crystal proteins.
These transgenic plants have improved insecticidal activity
In all patents analysed so far, the basic transformation process is similar.
Vector comprising a promoter, the nucleic acid segment and a transcription termination sequence is used for transformation eg plasmid
The novelty in the patents is basically on the gene sequence that codes for the delta endotoxin.
The patents give the complete transformation process, from synthesizing the gene to production of transgenic plant.
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All the varied steps of the transformation process followed by NBRI were compared with that of the existing insect-resistant patents (majority from Monsanto)
Intention – Confirm the non-infringing nature of the research product
Thus – guarantying freedom to operate in a closely held technology space
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WITHANIA SOMNIFERA
(Ashwagandha)
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Withania produces withanolides through its metabolic pathway
 
Mevalonate pathway
Isopentyl diphosphate
Sterol compounds and enzymes
Sheet2
Sheet3
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E.I.Du Pont de Nemours and Co. has the maximum number of patents.
Methods to increase the sterol accumulation in plants are maximum.
Considerable work on squalene synthase gene.
No patents on : 4-Coumaryl Coa, Flavanone-3-hydroxylase, Flavonoid-3’-hydroxylase,
3’-Hydroxy dihydroflavonol, Flavan-3-ols
There is a scope for generating Intellectual property in this field
Analysis can be used for research planning
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Inorganic color pigments containing cadmium, chromium or lead has been used as a colorant all over world.
But many of these pigments are hazardous for environment as well as for health.
So color pigments containing rare earth elements are searched as a alternative to such hazardous inorganic pigments.
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RED
C.I. Red 113
Rare Earth Sulfides
Bismuth Containing compounds of Rare Earth Elements. Depending Upon which Rare earth element is used it gives yellow, orange, red-toned, green colors.
Oxonitrides of the formula LnTaON2 where Ln represents Rare Earth Elements
Yttrium and/or Rare earths aluminates 5) Stable heavy metal free zircon pigments
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ORANGE
nitrate)
ChromatexPbCrO4.yPbO or
pigments
1) Stable heavy metal free zircon pigments . It gives a variety of yellows, reds, oranges, corals and blues.
2) Bismuth Containing compounds of Rare Earth Elements. Depending Upon which Rare earth element is used it gives yellow, orange, red-toned, green colors.
3) Zirconium oxide and cerium, praseodymium and/or terbium values. Yellow-Orange Color.
4) Oxonitrides of the formula LnTaON2 where Ln represents Rare Earth Elements. Yellow-Orange to Reddish-Brown Colors
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YELLOW
(BaK2 (CrO4)2)
C.I. Yellow 44
Eco-friendly Rare earth
pigments
1) Stable heavy metal free zircon pigments. It gives a variety of yellows, reds, oranges, corals and blues.
2) Bismuth Containing compounds of Rare Earth Elements. Depending Upon which Rare earth element is used it gives yellow, orange, red-toned, green colors.
3) Zirconium oxide and cerium, praseodymium and/or terbium values Yellow-Orange Color.
4) Oxonitrides of the formula LnTaON2 where Ln represents Rare Earth Elements. Yellow-Orange to Reddish-Brown Colors
5) Composition based on samarium sesquisulphide Strong Yellow Color
6) Rare Earth Doped zirconium mixed silicate pigment
7) Yttrium and/or Rare earths aluminates. Red to Yellow Color
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GREEN
pigments
1) Sulfide and oxysulphide () Depending on the layer thickness of the sulfide or oxysulfide interference colors from silver via gold, red, violet and blue through to green.
2) Solid solutions having a corundum-hematite crystalline structure doped with lanthanum or neodymium camouflage pigment
3) Praseodymium containing ceramic pigments. Greenish-yellow color tone
4) Alkali earth aluminate silicate photoluminescent pigment emits light in the 450-580 nm region
5) Green emitting phosphor having composition ZnS:CuAuAlM where M is Ce/ Tb/ Eu/ Sc/ La
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BLUE
Eco-friendly Rare earth pigments
1) Alkali earth aluminate silicate photoluminescent pigment. Emits light in the 450-580 nm region
2) Sulfide and oxysulphide
pigments
cerium (Ce) rare earth dopant
5) Long-persistence blue phosphors
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CONCLUSION
SEARCH AND ANALYSIS OF PATENTS DRIVES RESEARCH STRATEGY AND SUPPORTS INNOVATION MANAGEMENT
IN ADDITION TO MARKET RSEARCH, PATENT RESEARCH IS A MUST FOR NEW PRODUCT PLANNING AND R & D INVESTMENT EVALUATION
INTEGRATING ACTIVITIES FOR PATENT SEARCH AND ANALYSIS IN TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY FORMULATION LEADS TO HIGHER PROBABILITY OF SUCCESS IN NEW TECHNOLOGY VENTURES
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IPC: G06F
ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computers in which a part of the computation is effected hydraulically or pneumatically , optically ; computer systems based on specific computational models ; impedance networks using digital techniques)
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Top 10 Assignees Working in the Area of G06Q (2006-2010)
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Top 10 Assignees Working in the Area of G06F (2006-2010)
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1 CSIR 572
4 HINDUSTAN UNILEVER LIMITED 160
5 BASF AKTIENGESELLSC HAFT 127
6 SAMSUNG ELECTRONIC CO. LTD. 115
7 TELEFONAK TIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON 85
8 NOVARTIS AG 83
0
5
10
15
20
Pulmonary Insulin Research
FormulationsInhalersPowder filling techniques
Pulmonary Insulin formulations
43
14
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Plant-based anti first pass effect compounds
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