Disease Pathognomonic Sign

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm - pulsating abdominal mass

Abruptio Placenta - painful board-like abdomen

Acute Renal Failure - uremic frost on the skin

Addison’s Disease - bronze pigmentation skin

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

- outburst laughter or cry fascination

Angina Pectoris - pain upon exertion

Appendicitis - Mc Burney’s sign/ Mc Burney’s point

Arthritis - Boutonniere deformity; swan neck deformity, ulnar drift, Bouchard’s nodes

Atrial Septal Defect - Murmur heard high on chest

Autism - rocking, spinning routines

Bacterial vaginosis - Grayish white discharge, malodorous

Diseases Pathognomonic Sign’s

Basilar fracture - Raccoon’s eye

Breech birth - Meconium staining

Bulimia Nervosa - Russel’s sign, binge eating

Carbon monoxide piosoning - Cherry pink flushed face

Carpal tunnel syndrome - Jack hammer syndrome

Cataract - Cloudy vision

Celiac Disease - Gluten sensitivity, watery, pale, foul smelling stool

Chicken Pox - Maculopapulo vesicular rash

Cholera - Rice water stools

Colic - Pulling up of arms and legs, red-faced crying

COPD - Barrel chest, clubbing of fingers

Cushings Syndrome - Moon face, buffalo hump

Diseases Pathognomonic Sign’s

CVA - Homonymous hemianopsia

Cystocele & Rectocele - Feeling of fullness at the vagina

Delirium - Recent and past memory defect

Dementia - Recall or learning memory impairment

Detached retina - Flashes of light, veil in line of sight

Diabetes Mellitus - 3 P’s: polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria

Diptheria -pseudomembrane

Diverticular Disease - cramping, colicky pain in left lower abdominal

quadrant

Down Syandrome (Trisomy 21)

- Saddle nose, Brushfield’s spots

Dysplasia of Hip - Ortholani’s sign, Galeazzi’s sign, Barlow’s sign, Trendelenburg’s sign assymetry of gluteal, popliteal, & thigh fold

Diseases Pathognomonic Sign’s

Ectopic pregnancy - Cullen’s sign

Endometrosis - Premenstrual pain decreasing as menstrual flow decreases

Extrophy of bladder - Expose bladder

Failure to thrive(FTT) - “radar gaze”

GERD - Heartburn or pyrosis

Glaucoma - Halos around light

Gonorrhea - dysuria, genital discharge

Grave’s disease -Exopthalmia

Hemophilia -Hemarthrosis

Hepatic disease -Asterexis

Hirschprung’s disease(megacolon)

- Ribbon-like, foul smelling stool

H-mole - Grapelike growth, large abdomen

Diseases Pathognomonic Sign’s

Hydrocephalus - bossin’s sign, setting sun eyes, high pitch cry

Hypocalcemia - trousseau’s sign

Increased Intracranial Pressure(ICP)

- High pitch cry

Intestinal obstruction - No passage of meconium

Intussusception - Dance sign, currant jelly like stool

Iron Deficiency Anemia(IDA) - Activity intolerance

Kawasaki - Strawberry tongue

Klebsiella pneumonia - red, gelatinous sputum

Klinefelter’s syndrome - XXY in males

Left-ventricular heart failure - Pulmonary manifestations(orthopnea, crackles, cyanosis)

Low birth weight - Less than 2.5 kg or 5 ½ lbs

Diseases Pathognomonic Sign’s

Lyme Disease - Erythemachronicum migrans

Malaria - Malarial paroxysm

Meniere’s disease - vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss

Meningitis - Positive kernig’s sign, positive brudzinki’s sign

Muscular Dystrophy - gower’s sign

Multiple sclerosis - charcot’s triad: intention tremor, nystagmus, dysathria

Myasthenia gravis - Muscle weakness that increases during periods of activity and improves after periods of rest

Myocardial infarction - Viselike or crushing pain radiating to the shoulder, arms, jaw or back

Opthalmia neonatorum - Purulent conjunctivitis

Oral thrush - White patches of the tongue

Diseases Pathognomonic Sign’s

Osteoporosis - Kyposis

Otosclerosis - Ringing or buzzing in the ears

Pancreatitis -Steatorrhea

Patent Ductus Arteriosus - machinery-type murmurs throughout the heartbeat in the left 2nd or 3rd intercostal space

Parkinson’s Disease - Pill rolling

Peritonitis -Tenderness

Pernicious Anemia - Beefy red tongue

Pertusis - Whooping cough

Phemphigus Vulgaris - Nikolsky sign

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease - fever, vaginal discharge, lower abdominal cramping

Phenyl ketonuria(PKU) - Blue eyes

Placenta previa -painless bright red bleeding

Diseases Pathognomonic Sign’s

Pneumococcal pneumonia - Purulent rusty sputum

Pneumothorax - Hyper resonance, assymetrical chest expansion, tracheal deviation

Pregnancy Induced Hypertension(PIH)

- edema, proteinuria, hypertension

Preterm infant - 36 weeks or less gestational age

Prolapse uterus - Pelvic heaviness

Pulmonary embolism - Sudden dyspnea, sharp pleuritic pain

Pyloric stenosis - Projectile vomiting, non bile stained vomitus, olive-shaped mass in the abdomen

Rabies -Hydrophobia

Retinal detachment -visual floaters

Diseases Pathognomonic Sign’s

Retinoblastoma - cat’s eye reflex(leukocoria)

Right-ventricular heart failure - Edematous manifestations

Rubella(German Measles) - foreschimer’s spots

Rubeola(Measles) - Koplik’s spots

Schizophrenia -4 A’s(Disturbance in association, affect, ambivalence, autistic thinking

Sickle Cell Anemia - “painful episodes” or vaso-occlusive crisis

Staphylococcal pneumonia - yellow-blood streaked sputum

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome(SIDS)

- frothy, blood-tinged fluid fills mouth & nose

Syphillis Chancre(on genitalia, mouth, anus)

Syphillis in Infants - Maculopapular lesions(on palms or soles of feet)

Diseases Pathognomonic Sign’s

Systemic Lupus Erythematus - Butterfly rash on face

Tetanus -Spasms

Tetany or hypocalcemia - chvostek’s sign

Tetralogy of Fallot 4 defects: pulmonary valve stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy

Thrombophlebitis -homan’s sign

Tracheoesophageal Fistula - 3C’s: coughing, choking, cyanosis

Trichomoniasis - malodorous, thin yellow discharge

Typhoid fever Rose-colored papules on abdomen

Diseases Pathognomonic Sign’s

Tuberculosis - Low grade, night sweats, hemoptysis

Turner’s syndrome - 45 karyotype in females, webbed neck, Gonadal dysgenesis

Ulcerative colitis - bloody, watery, purulent, mucoid

Varicosities - Tortous veins

Ventricular Septal Disease - low, harsh murmur heard throughout systole