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HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE LIGHT
OF NOVARTIS CASE
Anu.B
Intern at Biz & Legis
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OVERVIE OF 'ATENT IN
'HARMACEUTICALS
Patent is an intellectual property tool that safeguards the
invention of an inventor.
The validity of patent is for 20 years from thedate of filing of
patent application
Pharmaceutical derivatives are granted patent ifit possess the
character novelty.
Pharmaceutical means of or relating to pharmacyAs like other
products, for obtaining patent the
molecule structure, function properties etchave to be specified
in detail
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OVERVIE OF 'ATENT IN
'HARMACEUTICALS
WH PAT!"T#$
%. Prevent others from commercially utiliðat
invention
2. !ncourage financial risk and long termresearch
'. Patents guarantee dissemination ofinformation
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OVERVIE OF NOVARTIS CASE
"ovartis A( v. )*+ decided on %st
April 20%'Fa#ts $( t)e #ase
"ovartis is the orld-s leading pharmaceuticalcompany filed
patent application for its ne
version of cancer drug.The drug is called glivec and is very
epensive.
(livec as already in the market, hoeverthey decided to seek a
patent on a slightly
altered version potentially giving it longerperiod of market
eclusivity.
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OVERVIE OF NOVARTIS CASE
The case hinged on s.'/d of the +ndian PatentsAct hich does not
allo patents of neversion of knon drug molecules if they
make it more effective than before. +n themean time many +ndian
companies producedgeneric drugs at very cheap rate hich asconsumed
by '00000 people .
Whereas %1000 people use glivec. (enericversions can be
manufactured hen theproduct epires the patent.
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OVERVIE OF NOVARTIS CASE
ISSUES INVOLVE*
%. hether glivec is a patentable product$
2. Whether it involves ever greening$
+U*GEMENT
With the maority under the presence of
Aftab Alam .3. and 4anana Prakash 5esai .3.the court held that
the patent application isreected on the grounds that 6
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OVERVIE OF NOVARTIS CASE
%. 7ere modification does not give novelty tothe product and the
applied product has nobetter effect than the already eisting
drug.
2. +f the application is alloed to grant patentfor glivec it
becomes re8patenting and lieithin the purvie of ever greening hich
isprohibited under the +ndian Patent 9a.
'. #ince the patent for the already eistingdrug has epired
manufacturing and sellingof generic versions ithin the country
atcheap rate.
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MERITS OF +U*GEMENT
A maority of indian population uses genericversion of glivec at
cheap rate and enoythe easy accessibility of medicine.
The udgment has paved a clear path toestablish and secure human
rights bycomplying right to health through thisudgment.
+t can be proudly concluded that Human rightsin as giant pharma
"ovartis loses thecase.
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HUMAN RIGHTS
+nalienable fundamental rights to hich a person isinherently
entitled simply because he:she is ahuman being.
)5H4 %;reedom fromtorture '. >reedom from slavery reedom of
speech 1. >reedom of thought,
conscience and religion @. >reedom of movement =.4ights
debates / 4ight to keep and bear arms,future generations, seual
orientation and genderidentity, trade, ater, reproductive rights
andinformation and communication technologies
+P4 %;11
+!#4 %;11
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4+(HT T* H!A9TH
4ecogni&ed in the )5H4, +!#4 and onvention onthe 4ights of
Persons ith 5isabilities.
Art.2? of )5H48 !veryone has the right to a standardof living
and ell being of himself and his family.
Preamble of WH* declares it to be a fundamentalright of every
human being to enoy the highestattainable standards.
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RIGHT TO HEALTH
5efined u:art. %2 of +!#4
+mpliedly involves right to access medicine,right to treatment
and precautionary
measures.Accessibility increases hen the price of
medicine is cheap, nation based production,availability of
alternative at cheap rates etc.
Accessibility decreases hen price in high,imported medicine and
rules regarding theeporting countries etc.
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COM'ARISON
GLIVEC GENERIC VERSION OF GLIVEC
7anufactured anddistributed by"ovartis, a foreigncompany.
!pensive in nature.Pack of '0 tablets costs
B %,%00. Accessibilityis lo.
%1000 people in +ndiapreferred glivec
7anufactured anddistributed by approvedlocal companies such
as"AT*.
9east epensive
"eavar8 generic version8pack of %20 tablets costsB %000.
Accessibility is
high.'00000 people prefer
generic version
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HO ILL MEET THE HUMAN RIGHTS
EFFECTIVEL////
GLIVEC OR ITS GENERIC VERSION00000
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HO THE +U*GEMENT IS
HEL'FUL/
The udgment is nothing but the reection ofpatent application of
glivec filed by "ovartis.
As the application is very related to ever
greening hich is barred by +ndian Patentla, no inustice has been
done to "ovartisby the udgment.
#ince patent period has been epired,
encouragement of manufacturing of genericversion of the same is
permissible and do notamount to violation of la.
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HO THE +U*GEMENT IS
HEL'FUL/
(overnment shall take Cuick steps to increaseaccessibility of
these generic version and thecheap rate of medicine enhance the
mobility
and accessibility.ancer is a serious disease that may
causedeath. 4ight to health being a human right isclearly violated
on death of people due to
this reason.
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HO THE +U*GEMENT IS
HEL'FUL/
3udgment makes it easier to etend theaccessibility of the
generic drugs through itsetensible manufacturing and
distribution.
(overnmental steps can be smoothly adoptedand implemented for
making the drug toreach the nook and corner of the country.
+t can be noted that the compulsory licensing
of the same drug ould not increase itsaccessibility .
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HUMAN RIGHTS OR
IN*IVI*UAL RIGHTS-
HICH SHOUL* BE
EIGHE* MORE
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CONCLUSION
The udgment of "ovartis case can be regardedas the most
fruitful, viable and traceabledecision that meet the human rights
to thehighest ends.
Ot)er +u!g%ents (a,$ra"e $( generi# !rug
manufacturers
4oche Pegasys case8 "ovember 20%2
3anuvia patent case8 2ndApril 20%'
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THAN1 OU
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