Patent Drafting| IIPTA| Mabbit Research And Learning Private Limited

8/8/2019 Patent Drafting| IIPTA| Mabbit Research And Learning Private Limited

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Patent Drafting

IIPTA|Mabbit Research and learning Private limited


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Pre requisites

Technical knowledge of science till graduate

level.

Structure of patent Worksheet no 18



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Steps to draft patent

Step 1 : Concentrate and focus

Step 2 : Mark the important points whilereading- prior art , novelty points.

Step 3 : Try to understand that patent issolving which past problem.



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Refer to worksheet

The invention relates to an electricincandescent lamp in which atungsten filament is arranged in abulb which is pervious to light, the

bulb containing, in addition to aninert filling gas, a reactive transportgas the object of which is to preventblackening of the bulb duringburning by means of a regenerativecyclic process in which the tungsten

which evaporates from the filamentis converted into a volatilecompound which decomposes in theproximity of or on the filament

BASIC

STRUCTURE OF

INSTRUMENT



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Refer to worksheet

In such a lamp the wall of the

bulb is not blackened and

the filament experiences no

loss of weight. The basic idea

of a regenerative cycle to

prevent Weakening of the

bulb of an incandescentlamp is already rather old

PRIOR ART



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Refer to worksheet

For example, a lamp has already beendescribed which contains chlorine,bromine, or iodine as a transport gas andin which such a regenerative cycle wassaid to take place. However, in said Lamp

all metal components other than thefilament, for example, supports andcurrent supply wires and thecomparatively cold ends of the filamenthad to be protected against the aggressivetransport gas. In practice the protection of

the said colder parts of the filament andof the other metal parts has proved to bea substantially insurmountable difficulty.

PROBLEMS IN

PRIOR ART



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Refer to worksheet

When using iodine as the transport gas thisrequirement can rather easily be fulfilledstructurally. 'When using iodine theconstruction of the lamp must be such thatthe comparatively cold parts of tungstenduring burning assume a temperature aboveapproximately 800C and the wall of the hull)assumes a temperature above approximately250C. This can be realized with a cylindricalbulb of quartz in which a filament of tungstenis arranged in the axis of the cylinder. Such alamp has a greater efficiency expressed in

lumenlwatt than normal incandescent lampshave, while the quantity of lumen! wattremains the same or substantially the sameduring the whole life of the lamp.

PROBLEMS IN

PRIOR ART-

PROBLEMS

ASSOCIATED

WITH USE OF

IODINE.



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Refer to worksheet

When iodine is replaced by chlorinewhich chemically is far moreactive under otherwise the sameconditions, attack of the

comparatively cold tungsten partsin the lamp occurs to a strongextent. In this case, tungstencrystals are formed in the form ofdentrites at the ends of the

filament and at the points wheresame is supported, so in theproximity of the comparativelyBold places.

PROBLEMS IN

PRIOR ART-

PROBLEMS

ASSOCIATED

WITH USE OF

CHORINE



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Refer to worksheet

In order to mitigate the dosing difficulties ithas already been proposed to fill lampswith hydrogen. iodide (HI) which at roomtemperature is a gas. Since quartz isconsiderably permeable to hydrogen

already at a temperature of 300C thehydrogen would disappear from the lampwholly or substantially wholly in the longrun during burning of the lamp. The sameeffect would occur when the lamp is filledwith hydrogen chloride. After some time a

so-called tungsten-chlorine cycle wouldbe obtained which., however, has thedisadvantageous properties alreadydescribed.

PROBLEMS IN

PRIOR ART-

PROBLEMS

ASSOCIATED

WITH USE OF

HYDROGEN

+IODINE



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PROBLEMS IN PRIOR ART

USE OF CHOLRINE-

USE OF IODINE-

USE OF HYDROGEN + IODINE-



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Refer to worksheet

According to the invention thismay be achieved by a lampwhich is characterized in thatduring burning a mixture of

chlorine, hydrogen andhydrogen chloride is present inthe lamp, the construction ofthe lamp also being such that a

variation by loss of hydrogenof the hydrogen-chlorine ratioin the gas mixture which isdetrimental to the life of thelamp prevented during the life.

NOVELTY



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Refer to worksheet

The best results are obtained

when the ratio in gram

atoms between chlorine and

hydrogen in the gas mixtures

lies between 4:5 and 5:4.

NOVELTY



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Refer to worksheet

From the experiments whichresulted in the invention it hasbeen found, that optimumresults have _been obtained

when at the beginning of thelife of the lamp the lampcontains per cm' of bulbcapacity between 0.35x10-4

and 1.00X10 -6 gramatomsof hydrogen and 0.35 x 10-4and 1.00x10---41 of chlorine assuch or in the form of acompound,

NOVELTY

IIPTA|Mabbit Research and learning Private

limited


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Refer to worksheet

it is to be preferred to

construct the lamp so that

the wall of the bulb during

burning reaches a

temperature of

approximately 350C pr

higher. Structurally this caneasily be realized

NOVELTY


limited


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Refer to worksheet

The bulb may also be

manufactured from a -type

of quartz which is less

permeable to hydrogen than

is melted silicon dioxide.

Alternatively, highmelting-

point types of glass which donot pass hydrogen could be

used

NOVELTY


limited


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Claims

1. An electric incandescent lamp comprising a tungsten filament in abulb which is pervious to light, the bulb containing, in addition toan inert filling gas, also a reactive transport gas, characterized inthat during burning a mixture of hydrogen chloride, chlorine andhydrogen Is present in the lamp, the construction of the lamp

being such that a variation of the chlorine-hydrogen ratio in thegas mixture by loss of hydrogen which is detrimental to the life ofthe lamp is prevented during the life.

2. An incandescent lamp as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in thatthe construction is such that the wall of the bulb during burning of

the lamp reaches a temperature of at least 350C.



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Claims

3. An incandescent lamp as claimed in Claim 1,characterized in that the ratio between chlorineand hydrogen in the mixture in gram atoms liesbetween 4:5 and 5:4.

4. An incandescent lamp as claimed in Claim 3,characterized in that at the beginning of the lifethe _lamp contains per cm' of bulb capacitybetween 035 X 10--5 and 1.00x /0 e gram

atoms of hydrogen and between 0.35X10-4 and1.00 X 10 -5 gram atoms of chlorine as such or bitthe form of a compound.



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Claims

5. An incandescent lamp as claimed in Claim 1,

characterized in that the bulb consists of

quartz or a material which is Less permeable

to hydrogen than quartz, the lamp being

surrounded by an outer bulb consisting of a

material which does not pass hydrogen and is

permeable to light, the intermediate spacebetween the inner bulb and the outer bulb

being filled with hydrogen.



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Patent Drafting| IIPTA| Mabbit Research And Learning Private Limited