Past ParticiplesPast Participles

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Past ParticiplesPast Participles

Regular Past Participles end in –edRegular Past Participles end in –ed– Wanted Needed– Saved Carried

Irregular Past Participles have vowel Irregular Past Participles have vowel and consonant changes.and consonant changes.– Seen Taken– Written Left

Past ParticiplesPast Participles

Like present participles, past Like present participles, past participles can have participles can have direct objects, direct objects, indirect objects, predicate indirect objects, predicate nominatives, and prepositional nominatives, and prepositional phrases.phrases.

Who/What? + is + Participle = wordWho/What? + is + Participle = word modified

Past Participle PhrasePast Participle Phrase

– The police examined the body burned The police examined the body burned beyond all recognition.beyond all recognition.

– The speaker, known for her strong support The speaker, known for her strong support of the environment, was loudly applauded.of the environment, was loudly applauded.

– The committee could not deal with the The committee could not deal with the storm of protest raised by office workers.storm of protest raised by office workers.

Past Participles

They lost sight of the man seen by the night watchman.

They took the dog struck by the car to the vet.

Bitten by the dog on the leg, the child limped into the house.

Conclusion There are two types of participles:

Present Past

Present Participles always end in –ing.

Past Participles can end in –ed (if they’re regular).

Past Participles can also have a vowel change or a consonant change (if they’re irregular)---swum or known.

ConclusionConclusion

Participles always function as adjectives.Participles always function as adjectives.

Participles can be phrases that contain Participles can be phrases that contain direct objects, indirect objects, predicate direct objects, indirect objects, predicate nominatives, and prepositional phrasesnominatives, and prepositional phrases

To learn what the participle phrase To learn what the participle phrase modifies, ask the following question:modifies, ask the following question:

Who/What? + is + participle/participleWho/What? + is + participle/participle phrase= the word phrase= the word

modifiedmodified