Passive’Op*cal’LAN’and’Fiber’ … (fiber) ITU-T (fiber) 62.5/125 OM1(1) A1b 492AAAA --- ... ANSI/TIA-1179 (Healthcare) ANSI/TIA-758 (Outside plant) ANSI/TIA-862 (Building

Passive Op*cal LAN and Fiber Trends, Tes*ng and Updates –

Get the Facts Rodney Casteel RCDD/NTS/OSP, CommScope, Chair TIA FOTC

Tony Irujo, OFS Tyler VanderPloeg, JDSU Loni Le Van-‐EGer, 3M

Agenda •  Who Is FOTC – Rodney Casteel •  OpLcal Fiber Trends – Tony Irujo •  Standards Update – Rodney Casteel •  POL

–  Rodney Casteel, CommScope –  Loni Le Van-‐EGer, 3M

•  POL Fiber TesLng – Tyler VanderPloeg •  Final QuesLons

Fiber Op*cs Technology Consor*um Overview: •  Part of the TelecommunicaLons Industry AssociaLon (www.Laonline.org)

•  UnLl last year, we had been known as the Fiber OpLcs LAN SecLon (FOLS). Our new name was chosen to reflect our expanding charter.

•  Formed 20 years ago •  Mission: to educate users about the benefits of deploying fiber in customer-‐owned networks

•  FOTC provides vendor-‐neutral informaLon

Fiber Op*cs Technology Consor*um

www.tiafotc.org TIA Fiber Optics Technology Consortium

Current Members •  3M •  AFL •  Berk-‐Tek, a Nexans

Company •  Corning •  CommScope •  Fluke Networks •  General Cable •  JDSU

•  Leviton •  OFS •  Panduit •  Sumitomo Electric

Lightwave •  Superior Essex •  TE ConnecLvity •  Tellabs


•  Maintain a website with Fiber FAQs, White Papers and other resources – www.Lafotc.org.

•  Developed and maintain a free Cost Model that allows users to compare installed first costs of several architectures.

•  Host a webinar series throughout the year with all webinars available on demand.

•  Speak at industry conferences like BICSI •  Contribute to industry publicaLons – check out our arLcle on Making Networks Greener in BICSI News.

•  ConducLng market research


•  Recent Webinars Available on Demand –  Permanent Link TesLng of MPO Cable Plant for Higher Speed Channels

–  The Future VCSEL-‐LOMMF Landscape in Data Centers –  Standards-‐based Design & TesLng of Passive OpLcal LAN SoluLons

•  Visit www.Lafotc.org or our channel on BrightTalk

Webinars are eligible for CEC credit for up to two years a`er they are first broadcast. Email [email protected] if you have completed a webinar and want to receive your CEC.

www.tiafotc.org TIA Fiber Optics Technology Consortium

Fiber Trends in the Enterprise

Tony Irujo – OFS Sources include:

CRU, IEEE, Cisco, Mathew Burroughs

8

IP Traffic Growth

•  Global IP traffic has grown 4x since 2009.

•  Global IP traffic is expected to grow 3x over the next five years.

•  Almost half of all traffic will come from non-‐PC devices in 2017.

•  Mobile and wireless traffic will exceed wired traffic by 2016.

Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI): Forecast and Methodology, 2012-2017 May 29, 2013

IP Traffic Growth

9

Mobile: Includes mobile data and Internet traffic generated by handsets, notebook cards, and mobile broadband gateways Internet: Denotes all IP traffic that crosses an Internet backbone Managed IP: Includes corporate IP WAN traffic, IP transport of TV/VoD

“Cisco VNI: Forecast and Methodology,

2012-2017" May 29, 2013

10

Internet Applica*ons q YouTube

ü  July 2013 – 100 hours of video uploaded every minute 1

ü  July 2013 – 6 billion hours of video watched/month, 40% on mobile devices 1

q  Facebook ü  September 2013 – 1.19 billion

monthly users, 727 million daily users 2

1 http://www.youtube.com/t/press_statistics/ 2 http://newsroom.fb.com/Key-Facts

What is happening today

q  Cloud Computing Migration to hosted services

http://www.princeton.edu/~ddix/cloud-computing.html

Next Genera*on 40G & 100G Ethernet

•  Official IEEE Task Force – 802.3bm •  MoLvaLons: reduced power, increased density, reduced cost. •  For 40G – affects SM only.

– Add 40km capability (40GBASE-‐ER4)

•  For 100G – affects MM only. –  4 x 25G on MM (100GBASE-‐SR4). –  Likely 100m on OM4, 70m on OM3. – More logical and cost effecLve upgrade path from 40G compared to 100GBASE-‐SR10.

•  Completed standard planned for March 2015

400G Ethernet

•  Study Group formed, ObjecLves adopted. –  Support BER beGer or equal than 10-‐13. –  Support full duplex only. –  Preserve Ethernet frame format and min & max frame size. –  Support OTN. –  Specify opLonal Energy Efficient Ethernet capability. –  Reach objecLves:

•  At least 100m over MMF •  At least 500m over SMF •  At least 2 km over SMF •  At least 10 km over SMF

40/100 Gb Ethernet M

illio

ns o

f Por

ts

100 Mbs 1 Gbps 10 Gbps 40 Gbps 100 Gbps

Today

Two Basic Op*cal Fiber Types

Larger cores and lower wavelengths drive source and system costs down

1. Multimode 2. Single-mode

62.5 micron 50 micron ~8 micron

125 micron

850 nm Operating 1310 - 1625 nm & some 1300 nm Wavelengths

16

Fiber Types

ISO/IEC 11801ANSI/TIA-568-C.3

(cable)

IEC 60793-2-10(fiber)

TIA/EIA(fiber)

ITU-T(fiber)

62.5/125 OM1(1) A1b 492AAAA ---50/125 OM2(2) A1a.1 492AAAB G.651.150/125 OM3 A1a.2 492AAAC ---50/125 OM4 A1a.3 492AAAD ---Std SM OS1 B1.1 492CAAA G.652.A or B

Low Water Peak SM OS2(5) B1.3 492CAAB G.652.C or D

(5) OS2 is referenced in the standard ISO/IEC 24702 "Generic Cabling for Industrial Premises"

(1) OM1 is typically 62.5µm, but can also be 50µm(2) OM2 is typically 50µm, but can also be 62.5µm

Fiber Type

Industry Standards

17

Op*cal Fiber Types and Cable Specifica*ons

Wavelength Max Loss(nm) (dB/km) OFL BW EMB

OM1 850 3.5 200 n.a.62.5 µm 1300 1.5 500 n.a.OM2 850 3.5 500 n.a.50 µm 1300 1.5 500 n.a.OM3 850 3.5 1500 200050 µm 1300 1.5 500 n.a.OM4 850 3.5 3500 470050 µm 1300 1.5 500 n.a.OS1 1310 1.0 n.a. n.a.

Single-Mode ISP 1550 1.0 n.a. n.a.OS2* 1310 1.0 n.a. n.a.

Single-Mode ISP 1550 1.0 n.a. n.a.* OS2 is a "low water peak" single-mode fiber that has low attenuation in the 1385nm region. It is suitable for CWDM applications.

Fiber TypeMin Bandwidth

(MHz� km)

Evolu*on of Short Reach Applica*ons

18

19

Ethernet Link Distance/ Applica*on Mapping

Application

Link Speed

100Mb/s100BASE-FX

1 Gb/s1000BASE-SX

10 Gb/s10GBASE-SR

40 Gb/s40GBASE-SR4

100 Gb/s100GBASE-SR10

Link Distance 33m 83m 100m 150m 275m 300m 550m 1000m >1000m

Campus Backbone

OM1 62.5 µm Fiber

Data CenterBuilding Backbone

Lg. Data Center

Building Backbone

Very Lg. Data CenterBuilding Backbone

Building BackboneCampus

Backbone

Campus Backbone

Application

Link Speed

100Mb/s100BASE-FX

1 Gb/s1000BASE-SX

10 Gb/s10GBASE-SR

40 Gb/s40GBASE-SR4



Campus Backbone

OM2 50µm Fiber


Lg. Data Center

Building Backbone



Backbone

Campus Backbone

Application

Link Speed

100Mb/s100BASE-FX

1 Gb/s1000BASE-SX

10 Gb/s10GBASE-SR

40 Gb/s40GBASE-SR4



Campus Backbone

OM3/OM4 Multimode Fiber


Lg. Data Center

Building Backbone



Backbone

Campus Backbone

Application

Link Speed

100Mb/s100BASE-FX

1 Gb/s1000BASE-SX

10 Gb/s10GBASE-SR

OM4Multimode

Fiber

40 Gb/s40GBASE-SR4



Campus Backbone


OM4 Multimode

Fiber


Lg. Data Center

Building Backbone



Backbone

Campus Backbone

Application

Link Speed

100Mb/s100BASE-FX

1 Gb/s1000BASE-SX

10 Gb/s10GBASE-SR

OM4 Multimode

Fiber

40 Gb/s40GBASE-SR4



OM4 Multimode

Fiber

OS1/OS2 Single-mode Fiber

Lg. Data Center

Building Backbone



Backbone

Campus Backbone

Campus Backbone



Fibre Channel Link Distance

Link Speed

4G FC OM4

8G FC 800-M5-SA-I

8G FC 800-M5-SN-I OM4

16G FC OM4

Link Distance 100m 125m 150m 190m 300m 380m 400m >400m

Media Type

OM3/OM4

OS1/OS2

Worldwide Mul*mode Fiber Demand by Region

CRU August 2013

22

Worldwide Mul*mode Fiber Demand by Type

Ø  IP traffic and server growth drive fiber demand

Ø  Virtualization increasing server usage and bandwidth demands

Ø  Servers requiring multiple Ethernet connections

Ø  10Gbps server links drive 40Gbps uplinks

CRU August 2013

23

Worldwide Mul*mode Fiber Demand by Type

Ø  Increasing OM3 and OM4 market share

Ø  Corresponding decline in OM1 and OM2 share over the same period

CRU August 2013

North American Demand

Source: Burroughs North America Multimode Market Reports

North American Mul*mode Mix


Mul*mode vs. Single-‐mode in the Enterprise – All Cable Types


Mul*mode vs. Single-‐mode in the Enterprise – Tight Buffer


Conclusions •  OpLcal fiber demand conLnues to grow in the enterprise market as bandwidth demand increases

•  OM1 and OM2 fibers are becoming obsolete •  Higher grade OM3 and OM4 fiber is the fiber of choice in today’s short reach market

•  Worldwide demand for Laser OpLmized OM3 and OM4 fiber is growing

Standards Update

Courtesy of Pete Pondillo, Corning Inc.

Engineering CommiXee TIA TR-‐42

•  TelecommunicaLons Cabling Systems –  Develops and maintains voluntary telecommunicaLons standards for telecommunicaLons cabling infrastructure in user-‐owned buildings

–  Covers requirements for copper and opLcal fiber cabling components (such as cables, connectors and cable assemblies), installaLon, and field tesLng

TR-‐42 Documents

•  Common Standards –  End-‐users –  Broadly Applicable

•  Premises Standards –  End-‐users –  Narrow Focus –  ExcepLons/Allowances to Common Standards

•  Component Standards –  Manufacturers

•  Related Standards –  FOTPs –  Fiber SpecificaLons

Common Standards

ANSI/TIA-568-C.0(Generic)

Premises Standards

ANSI/TIA-568-C.1(Commercial)

ANSI/TIA-568-C.2(Balanced twisted-

pair cabling and components)

TIA-569(Pathways and

spaces)

ANSI/TIA-570(Residential)

Component Standards

ANSI/TIA-568-C.3(Optical fiber

cabling components)

ANSI/TIA-606(Administration)

ANSI/TIA-942(Data centers)

ANSI/TIA-568-C.4(Coaxial cabling

and components)

Figure 1 – Illustrative relationship between the TIA-568-C Series and other relevant TIA standards

ANSI/TIA-1005(Industrial)

ANSI/TIA-607(Bonding and

grounding [earthing])

ANSI/TIA-1179(Healthcare)

ANSI/TIA-758(Outside plant)

ANSI/TIA-862(Building

automation systems)

Standards Overview

•  What is the process for developing a standard? –  Projects are proposed and must be approved –  ContribuLons are reviewed –  Dra` documents are created then balloted to remove or resolve contenLous issues

– With consensus, the document is released for publicaLon –  Can take a few months or many years

Standards Overview

•  What is the process for revising a standard? – Maximum 5-‐year lifespan for standards

•  Must be revised, re-‐affirmed or withdrawn –  Addenda may be added to keep the document growing with advances in technology

•  Addenda may then be incorporated into the new revision of the standard.

Ballot Process

New Project Create Draft Committee

Ballot

Ballot Comment Resolution

Re-ballot or Industry? New Draft

Industry Ballot

Reballot or Default?


Default Ballot


Final Default Ballot

Published Standard New Draft

Re-ballot or Final?

Committee Ballot Process

Industry Ballot Process

TR-‐42.1: SubcommiXee on Generic Cabling and Commercial Building Cabling

•  Revisions of the next ediLons pertaining to premises standards in TR-‐42 on 568-‐D Series conLnues –  CommiGee ballot comments resolved –  2nd commiGee ballot

•  Task group on ensuring security of cabling (physical) conLnues development towards a working dra` document

•  TIA-‐862-‐A Revision, Structured Cabling Infrastructure Standard for Intelligent Building Systems –  Project request has been approved and a dra` revision has been developed

TR-‐42.1: SubcommiXee on Generic Cabling and Commercial Building Cabling

•  TIA-‐4966, EducaLonal FaciliLes –  SubcommiGee resolved comments on the 3rd industry ballot –  Agreed to circulate a default ballot and provisionally approved publicaLon if there were no “NO” votes or technical comments to address

•  TSB-‐162 TelecommunicaLons cabling guidelines for wireless access points –  SubcommiGee resolved all comments editorially –  Approved TSB-‐162-‐A for publicaLon

•  Work conLnuing for the distributed antenna system (DAS) with a dra` in progress

TR-‐42.3: SubcommiXee on Pathway and Spaces

•  Project authorizaLon for 569D, TelecommunicaLons pathways and spaces, was reviewed, revised and approved –  First ballot targeted for a`er the upcoming meeLng –  IniLal dra` revision presented and was deemed further changes were required

–  Task group formed to review possible changes to the document •  Unit of measure conversions •  Conduit sizing and bends •  Room sizing •  Pull box selecLon

TR-‐42.5: SubcommiXee on Telecommunica*ons Infrastructure Terms and Symbols

•  TIA-‐440-‐C document, Fiber OpLc Terminology revision underway

–  DefiniLons for permanent link and media were revised

–  DefiniLons for polarity (opLcal fiber) and backbone cabling were added

–  Figure for generic cabling topology is being redrawn for clarificaLon

–  Ballot comments for TIA-‐440-‐C were substanLally resolved with input from TR 42.11 and TR 42.12.

–  AddiLonal comments were referred to TR 42.13 for resoluLon at the next meeLng.

TR-‐42.7: SubcommiXee on Copper Cabling Components

•  Cable impulse noise task group agreed to create a new TSB to describe the phenomena

•  The 1152-‐1 Field Tester requirements task group reported proposed requirements and noise floor invesLgaLons for alien crosstalk tesLng

•  The Class II limits task group reported that they are developing requirements relaLve to these components

•  Category 8 dra` development included agreement to incorporate revised limits for connector inserLon loss that will improve channel inserLon loss and channel NEXT and PSNEXT loss that will beGer harmonize with ISO/IEC Class I developments.

TR-‐42.10: SubcommiXee on Sustainable Informa*on Communica*on Technology

•  The Sustainable Technology Environment Program (STEP) foundaLon on the User’s guide manual and the contribuLon on the STEP raLng for ICT vendors –  Both documents will be cleaned and forwarded to the group for review

–  Plan is to discuss disposiLon of these 2 documents

•  Started the SP ballot comments resoluLon which will conLnue at the upcoming meeLng

TR-‐42.11: SubcommiXee on Op*cal Fiber Systems

•  ANSI/TIA-‐526-‐14-‐B addendum 1 –  Change from adopLon to adapLon IEC 61280-‐4-‐1 ed2 standard (MulLmode aGenuaLon measurement for installed cable plant)

•  Change the normaLve usage of the EF launch condiLons –  Ballot comments resolved and 2nd PN ballot will be iniLated

•  568.3-‐D, OpLcal Fiber Cabling and Components Standard –  1st PN ballot comment resoluLon parLally completed –  Two task groups formed:

•  Discuss addiLons of PON spliGer specificaLons •  Array component depicLon improvements

TR-‐42.12: SubcommiXee on Op*cal Fiber and Cable

•  TIA 598-‐D Color Coding Standard –  Ballot comments reviewed and resolved –  Decision to remain with aqua as OM4 cable jacket color

•  Task force for Bend-‐insensiLve mulLmode fiber mission complete –  Key IEC documents related to core diameter, numerical aperture, and the detail specificaLon have been approved to be submiGed for commiGee dra` (CD)

•  Discussion conLnued for adopLng IEC SMF and MMF specificaLons into the TIA-‐492 series of fiber specificaLons

TR-‐42.13: SubcommiXee on Passive Op*cal Devices and Fiber Op*c Metrology

•  Adhesives Guidelines PN-‐4947 (comments resolved in February) –  Go to overdue ballot

•  Return Loss CalibraLon ArLfact Update –  Informal round robin planned to come with CW systems and report results next meeLng

Passive Op*cal LAN

What, When and How

Loni Le Van-‐EGer, 3M Rodney Casteel, CommScope

Agenda

•  What is a Passive OpLcal LAN ? •  Which standards support it ? •  When should it be used ? •  How do I design and test it ? •  Closing, Q & A

What Is A Passive Op*cal LAN ?

What is PON? •  Passive OpLcal Network. •  Facilitates a higher bandwidth broadband access technology •  With a PON, opLcal fiber is deployed either all the way or

almost all the way to the end user

•  Passive because: –  network only consists of passive light transmission components (fiber links, spliGers and couplers), with electronics only at the endpoints

–  This creates great cost savings for the provider (more reliable and less costly to operate/troubleshoot)

•  PONs use a Point-‐to-‐MulL-‐Point (P2MP) topology

– With a 1:n spliGer

PON Types •  APON

–  IniLal name for ATM based PON spec. Designed by Full Service Access Network (FSAN) group.

•  BPON

– Broadband PON standard specified in ITU G.983.1 through G.893.7

– APON renamed – Supports 155 or 622 Mbps downstream, 155 Mbps upstream.

PON Types •  GPON (Gigabit Passive Op*cal Network)

—  ITU Standard G.984 —  Downstream 2.488Gbits/s, Upstream 1.244Gbits/s —  Uses GPON EncapsulaLon Method (GEM), fragmented

packets or ATM —  ITU Standard G.987 for 10Gbits

•  Symmetrical 10GB •  Asymmetric 10 GB downstream /2.488/10GB upstream •  Commercial availability in 2014/2015 Lme frame

PON Types •  EPON (Ethernet Passive Op*cal Network)

—  SomeLmes called GEPON (Gigabit Ethernet Passive OpLcal Network)

—  IEEE 802.3 standard, raLfied as 802.3ah-‐2004 for 1Gbits/s —  Symmetrical 1.25GB downstream and upstream —  Uses standard 802.3 Ethernet data frames —  IEEE 802.3av standard for 10Gbits/s

•  Symmetrical 10GB •  Asymmetric 10GB downstream / 1GB upstream •  Commercially available today

How PON Works

Upstream TDM Opera*on ONTs send informaLon to the OLT in a specific Lme window.

Upstream TDMA Opera*on ONUs send informaLon to the OLT in a specific Lme window.

User 2

User 1

User 3

ONT

ONT

ONT

OLT User 2

User 1

User 3

ONU

ONU

ONU

OLT

Downstream Broadcast All data goes to all ONTs, and the ONT address controls the downstream data.

Downstream Broadcast All data goes to all ONUs, and the ONU address controls the downstream data.

User 2

User 1

User 3

ONT

ONT

ONT

OLT User 2

User 1

User 3

ONU

ONU

ONU

OLT

PON FTTx Architecture

What is POL?

Desktop ONT

Service Provider Network

EPON OLT

Desktop ONT

Splitter/interconnect

Splitter/interconnect • Data

• Video

• Voice

BASEMENT

1st FLOOR

2nd FLOOR

Enterprise Office Building

Interconnect to riser

• Passive OpLcal LAN. Aka “VerLcal PON”, “OpLcal LAN”

• Uses FTTx PON components in an indoor environment

• Again, opLcal fiber (single mode) is deployed almost all the way to the end user

• Point-‐to-‐mulL-‐point

Passive Op*cal Network Overview

•  POL is an Enterprise passive opLcal network based on legacy PON architecture –  ITU-‐T G.984.x GPON –  IEEE 802.3ah EPON

•  Enterprise applicaLons began around 2009 – Vendors with new so`ware features, new hardware for indoor applicaLons

•  Point to mulL-‐point architecture •  ULlizes singlemode fiber end-‐to-‐end

54

Copper-‐based LAN •  AcLve Ethernet switches for LAN core,

aggregaLon and access funcLons •  Cable infrastructure per service

o  CATx o  Coax o  Some MulL-‐mode Fiber (MMF)

Passive Op*cal LAN •  Passive opLcal network (PON)

o  OpLcal Line Terminal (OLT) o  OpLcal distribuLon network o  OpLcal Network terminaLons (ONT)

•  Single mode fiber converges all building ICT services over single infrastructure

Over 20km/12mi Distance

Passive Network

Distance Limited –

MMF – 550m

Copper – 100m

OLT

Centralized Provisioning & Management

Local Provisioning &

Management

Campus Aggregation

Building Aggregation

Communication Closet

End User

wireless building

automation

security

Benefits of Singlemode Fiber for the LAN

§ Superior Performance – Greater bandwidth and distance. – No cross-‐talk, interference § Easier Installation

– No ladder rack required – Fiber is easier to test & cerLfy – No shielding required for EMI and RFI

§ Pulling Tension – Fiber more robust than copper cables – Fiber typically has a 50/100 lb tension; copper only 25 lb pull strength.

§ Highly Secure – Harder to tap than copper; not vulnerable to emissions

§ Easier to Upgrade – Future-‐ready for higher bandwidths – SM lasts for generaLons of electronics

§ Non-Heat Producing – Fiber is all-‐dielectric – Less likely to cause a fire than copper § Environmentally Friendly

– AGenuates signal less than copper – Consumes far less raw materials

§ Much smaller – Smaller size and lighter weight but more capacity than copper cables

– Less an impact on environmental sustainability

Which Standards Support It ?

Industry Support

•  APOLAN Global industry associaLon formed (www.APOLANglobal.org) –  AssociaLon for Passive OpLcal LAN industry organizaLon –  Member companies consisLng of

•  Distributors •  AcLve and passive equipment manufacturers •  IT integrators •  Consultants, and other affiliaLons

–  Advocates the educaLon and global adopLon of passive opLcal networks for the LAN marketplace

58

BICSI Support

•  BICSI TDMM (TelecommunicaLons DistribuLon Methods Manual) 13th EdiLon published January 2014

•  Includes PON chapter in the Horizontal DistribuLon SecLon

•  Contains special consideraLon topics for PON design in a commercial environment

•  Developed by mulLple vendors parLcipaLon

59

TIA Passive Op*cal LAN Support – August 2012

•  TIA-‐568-‐C.0-‐2-‐2012 Generic TelecommunicaLons Cabling for Customer Premise – Addendum 2, General Updates •  Table 9 Single-mode Fiber Application support for PON technologies

– Maximum supportable distances for GPON & EPON applicaLons – Minimum and maximum channel aGenuaLon including couplers and spliGers for PON

TIA Standards Applicable to Passive Op*cal LAN Design

•  TIA establishes and maintains standards for the premise wiring industry

•  Applicable standards include: –  ANSI/TIA-‐568-‐C.0, Generic Telecommunica;ons Cabling for Customer Premises –  ANSI/TIA-‐568-‐C.1, Commercial Building Telecommunica;ons Cabling Standard –  ANSI/TIA-‐568-‐C.2, Commercial Building Telecommunica;ons Cabling Standard; Part 2:

Balanced Twisted Pair Cabling Components –  ANSI/TIA-‐568-‐C.3, Op;cal Fiber Cabling Components Standard –  TIA-‐569-‐C, Commercial Building Standard for Telecommunica;ons Pathways and

Spaces –  ANSI/TIA/EIA-‐606-‐B, Administra;on Standard for Commercial Telecommunica;ons –  ANSI-‐J-‐STD-‐607-‐A, Commercial Building Grounding (Earthing) AND Bonding

Requirements for Telecommunica;ons –  ANSI/TIA-‐578-‐B, Customer Owned Outside Plant Telecommunica;ons Infrastructure

Standard

When Should It Be Used ?

When to Consider •  Suitable and advantageous for many LAN scenarios

–  Large number of switch ports –  Higher security inherent to fiber opLcs is required –  Longer distances needed (over 20km supported) –  No emissions and EFI/RFI (industrial applicaLons) –  Bandwidth demands are flexible –  To minimize energy consumpLon –  Congested conduits or Lght spaces (much less material required for PON)

–  Non-‐centralized access switches (ONU/T) are acceptable –  Infrastructure lifecycle duraLon opLmized – Wireless and PoE not primary focus

Building Owner’s Architectural Considera*ons

•  New building construcLon/architecture –  Freedom offered by distance of single-‐mode fiber –  Less space and cabling materials required –  Less in cabling support systems (ladder rack) –  Less fire load –  Less distributor/telecom room spacing (sq`) required

•  Less floor distributor HVAC, UPS, copper patch panels, support systems, etc.

–  ConsolidaLon of systems supporLng converged services –  ConsolidaLon of mulLple cabling infrastructures all over one single-‐mode fiber

•  Passive OpLcal LANs lend easily to Green & Sustainability iniLaLves –  ReducLon of electronics power consumpLon/per Ethernet port (vendor

specific) –  Reduced physical cabling materials & new construcLon support systems –  Longevity of the fiber infrastructure –  Converged services support for voice, video, data, security, WiFi, BAS …

•  LEED® -‐ Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED®) raLng system by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC)

•  STEP -‐ Sustainable Technology Environments Program –  RaLngs plan that will bring sustainability to technology systems –  TIA TR-‐42.10 Standard for Sustainable Informa;on Communica;ons

Technology (TR-‐42 TIA standard development in process) –  Key goals of STEP include:

–  Minimize energy, Reduce waste, OpLmizing infrastructure design, Provide scalability, & Reduce construcLon materials

GREEN Buildings

Today’s Market Adop*on •  Real deployment examples

– San Diego Library – USDA, Dept. Homeland Security

– University of Mary Washington

– Russell Investments – Deltek Headquarters – Canon Headquarters – MarrioG Hotel – Pardubice Hospital

•  Applicable to most verLcals – Military – Government – Higher educaLon – Financial – Enterprise offices – Hospitality – Healthcare

66

How Do I Design It ?

Fiber Op*c SpliXers

Planar Lightwave Circuit

•  What is a fiber opLc spliGer? –  Key enabling technology for passive opLcal signal distribuLon

–  Contains no electronics –  Uses no electricity (high reliability) –  Signal aGenuaLon is the same in both direcLons

–  Non-‐wavelength selecLve

OLT

Facility and/or equipment redundancy opLons supported by dual-‐input spliGers 2x32, 2x16…

Optical splitter dual inputs

68

TIA Compliant Design Requirements TIA-568-C.0-2009 Generic Telecommunications Cabling for Customer Premise

•  Single-‐mode fiber for backbone & horizontal (performance specs per TIA-‐568-‐C.3)

•  Requires generic structured cabling in a hierarchical star

•  SpliGers allowed in distributor spaces A, B, C —  In a distributor telecom room —  In a distributor enclosure (zone area) —  Not allowed within cabling subsystem 1

•  Two fiber or higher to each work area recommended —  Although only one fiber needed two

can be installed for growth/spare

Distributors A and B are optional (centralized fiber approach). Source: TIA-568-C.0-2009

TIA Performance Criteria

Single-‐mode fiber •  AGenuaLon

–  Indoor/Outdoor, Outdoor < .5 dB/km –  Indoor < 1.0 dB/km

•  Inside plant –  Pull strength 50 lbf min –  Bend radius (<= 4 fibers 1 inch, 2 inches under load) (> 4 fibers 10x outer dia., 20x outer dia. under load)

TIA-568-C.3 Optical Fiber Cabling Components Standard

Connector Performance •  AGenuaLon (inserLon loss)

–  Fiber connectors < .75 dB –  Fiber splices < .3 dB

•  Return Loss –  26 dB, 55 dB analog video

•  Other: temperature, humidity, impact, coupling strength, ….

Enhanced products offered from manufacturers today -‐ •  Single-‐mode bend insensiLve fiber:

—  5mm bend radius (G.657.B3) , indoor/outdoor aGenuaLon < .4 dB/km •  Easy installable mechanical connecLvity:

—  Connectors IL < .2-‐.3 dB typical & RL >55-‐60 dB; Splices < .1 dB typical

Infrastructure Fundamentals

•  Simplex Single-‐mode fiber — Polarity not a concern for Tx/Rx signals — MulLmode cannot support the extended reach of

PON

•  Connector type —  Typically all simplex SC/APC type

—  Some excepLons (check with equipment vendors)

•  Heavy duty ladder rack not required —  Fiber is light weight & Lny compared to copper

•  Longevity, reliability of the fiber plant —  Choose quality spliGers, connectors —  Choose vendors who offer most flexibility

J-hook

Other Design Considera*ons

•  PON Equipment Vendor OpLons: –  Some ONT’s support Power over Ethernet (WAPs, VoIP phones,…) IEEE802.3af, at

–  Some ONTs support copper horizontal distances (100 m) –  Redundancy opLons for fiber facility and/or added equipment redundancy

–  OpLons for remote powering &/or baGery reserve at ONT •  Passive infrastructure choices:

–  SpliGers –  Interconnect vs. Cross-‐connect –  Fiber connecLvity

Fiber Op*c SpliXers •  Various product formats •  Both single and dual-‐input •  All pre-‐connectorized

–  Pre-‐tested, ease of install & use •  Various split raLos

–  1 or 2 x 32, 16, 8, 4, 2

Inputs Outputs

Common Enterprise PON ConfiguraLons

SPLITTERS IN TR/Closet

Telecom Room (TR)/Closet

PC, VoIP phone, printer,

WAP, etc.

Fiber patch panels –

OLT to Riser/ backbone

Op*cal Line Terminal (OLT) Equip.

Room (ER)

Configura*on 2 – Zone Distributor A

Floors 1-‐n

Cat x cords

OLT

Telecom Enclosure

Backbone Cross-‐connect

Backbone & Horizontal

Cross-‐connect

SPLITTERS IN ZONE

DISTRIBUTOR

Backbo

ne

ONT

ONT

ONT

Fiber patch cords

1

Op*cal Network Terminals (ONT)

2 Op*cal spliXer(s)

Op*cal spliXer(s)

Cabling Subsystem 1

MC

Configura*on 1 – TR Distributor A

Wall outlet

Backbone

74

Considera*ons – Ease of test and MACs w/o unplugging horizontal or spliXer legs

– Are all spliXer outputs going to be used?

– Adds 1 connector pair (IL) where implemented

Interconnect vs. Cross-‐connect

Fiber from backbone to splitter input on front

Horizontal cabling plugs into front splitter output ports

I)   Faceplate Module Interconnect Solution

3-slot wide 1x32 way splitter module

Attached input(s) and output legs

Horizontal cabling plugs into back of adapter plate

II)   Pigtail Splitter Module Interconnect Solution

adapter plate

32 pre-terminated output legs

Added adapter plates between splitter and horizontal cabling complete this interconnect solution.

Output legs of the splitter plug into front of adapter plate

Fiber from backbone to splitter input on front

Added adapter plate and fiber patch cords facilitate full cross-connect/ patching between splitter and horizontal

Horizontal cabling plugs into back of adapter plate

III) Splitter Module Cross-connect Solution

Standard simplex fiber patch cord

1x32 way splitter module

32 port adapter plate

An interconnect choice is the most dense and cost-effective solution.

•  Link and Channel definiLons updated to accommodate PONs

•  “Link aXenua*on does not include any acLve devices or passive devices other than cable, connectors, and splices (i.e., does not include spliGers).”

•  “Channel aXenua*on includes the aGenuaLon of the consLtuent links, patch cords, and other passive devices such as by-‐pass switches, couplers and spliGers.”

ANSI/TIA-‐568-‐C.0-‐2-‐2012 Generic Telecommunica.ons Cabling for Customer Premises-‐Addendum 2,

General Updates, published August 2012

76

Op*cal Link Budget Allowance

→The aGenuaLon measurement results for the link or channel should always be less than the designed opLcal budget aGenuaLon allowance.

The opLcal link budget allowance is a calculated aGenuaLon/ loss expectancy based on the end-‐to-‐end components incorporated within the link or channel design.

OLT ONT

Connectors

Example: Singlemode Fiber GPON Channel

Splices SpliGer

Example Op*cal Budget •  OpLcal power budget criteria is specified for the Channel per EIA/TIA 568-‐C.0-‐2

–  GPON Class B Min = 10dB, Max = 25dB over 20 km distance –  EPON Min = 10dB, Max = 24dB over 20 km distance

•  Channel = ConsLtuent links + fiber cords + spliGers between OLT and ONT

Calculating Optical Loss Budget Allowance (TIA) Step 1 – calculate fiber loss

•  .5 dB/km for outside plant • 1.0 dB/km for inside plant

Step 2 – calculate the connector loss •  .75 dB max/connector pair

Step 3 – calculate any splice loss •  .3 dB max per splice

Step 4 – calculate the splitter(s) loss Step 5 - Include the loss of the connector at the

end of the channel (fiber patch point) Step 6 -Add all losses

Item Qty Loss (dB) Total Loss (dB)Total Channel Link Distance (km): 1 1 1Total Fiber Splices 0 0.3 0Total Fiber Connector pairs 7 0.75 5.25Passive 2x32 Splitter 1 17.4 17.4

Total Channel Link Loss: 23.65

Example PON Channel Link Budget (TIA)

Item Qty Loss (dB) Total Loss (dB)Total Channel Link Distance (km): 1 0.4 0.4Total Fiber Splices 0 0.1 0Total Fiber Connector pairs 7 0.2 1.4Passive 2x32 Splitter 1 17.4 17.4

Total Channel Link Loss: 19.2

Example PON Channel Link Budget (vendor specs)

•  Tier 1 TesLng is Required – Per TIA/EIA & IEC standards, Link segments should simply be tested visually and tested for loss. –  Visual InspecLons

ü  Visually verify installed length as well as minimum end face scratches/debris and the polarity of any mulL-‐fiber links

–  Power meter/Light Source (PMLS) ü  PM/LS tesLng measures the end-‐to-‐end loss of the link ü  If aGenuaLon is under the TIA opLcal budget allowance, it passes for

commissioning v  Use ANSI/TIA/EIA-526-7, Method A.1, One Reference Jumper method

- Test Cabling Subsystem 1 links at 1310 nm. - Test Cabling Subsystem 2 or 3 backbone links at 1310 and 1550 nm. - Test channel at 1310 and 1490 nm (Per TIA-568-C.0-2 Table 9 which states min and max channel attenuation for singlemode fiber PON applications)

Singlemode Fiber Field Tes*ng -‐ Cer*fica*on for Passive Op*cal LANs

Summary •  Passive OpLcal Network technology has many benefits for

the Enterprise environment and may be a viable alternaLve •  The environment will typically dictate which architecture will

be most advantageous. Retro-‐fit environments may not be as conducive to a PON design, but new construcLon will certainly gain the most benefits from a PON

•  Design & tesLng of PONS should be done in compliance with TIA cabling industry standards

•  Remember, the best architecture may be a mixture of designs.

Tes*ng PON in the LAN

Tyler Vander Ploeg, RCDD (JDSU)

Tes*ng PON in the LAN •  TesLng Overview

– Special ConsideraLons for PON TesLng – Tier 1 / Tier 2 CerLficaLon

•  PON Test SoluLons •  PON TesLng scenarios

– ConstrucLon / Turn-‐Up – TroubleshooLng

Special considera*ons for PON tes*ng

•  ConnecLons are Simplex not duplex •  BidirecLonal transmission on the same fiber •  TesLng with OpLcal SpliGers •  Tighter Loss Budgets •  Many contaminated connecLons to deal with •  All Singlemode APC connectors •  Different operaLonal wavelengths than "normal”

–  1270, 1310, 1490, 1577

•  Special Tools may be needed –  PON selecLve power meters for construcLon and troubleshooLng –  In-‐line because ONT does not transmit unless there is a signal from the OLT

Tier 1 Cer*fica*on Tes*ng •  What is Tier 1 Fiber CerLficaLon TesLng?

–  Fiber InspecLon – Measure OpLcal Loss –  Check Polarity – Measure Length*

•  Tier 1 Challenges when tesLng PON architectures –  Polarity is not applicable for PON…but ConLnuity is

•  ie: …make sure fiber 2 of the spliGer is going to WS24

– Measuring length in a simplex architecture –  OpLcal Return Loss more of an issue with PON

Tier 2 Cer*fica*on Tes*ng •  How TIA-‐568-‐C defines Tier 2 TesLng

–  Using an OpLcal Lme domain reflectometer (OTDR) –  “OpLonal” per internaLonal standards bodies, it is not required and

does not subsLtute for PMLS test –  Recommended for tesLng the outside plant and/or for

troubleshooLng –  Further details uniformity of cable aGenuaLon, connector losses,

connector/splice or trouble locaLons

–  May be requested by the customer

Tier 2 Advantages for tes*ng PON With an OTDR you can Measure… §  Both Multimode & Single mode Links §  Optical Distance and Fiber Continuity

§  To Events – splices, connectors §  Faults, end of fiber

§  Optical loss (dB) §  Splices, connectors §  Fiber loss (dB/km)

§  Reflectance or ORL §  Return loss of link or section §  Reflectance of connectors

§  Allows comparison to a baseline reference §  Easily isolate problem areas

§  Multiple schematic views §  Trace View §  Graphical representations of link §  Easier to understand

Contamina*on and Signal Performance Fiber Contamina*on and Its Affect on Signal Performance CLEAN CONNECTION

Back ReflecLon = -‐67.5 dB Total Loss = 0.250 dB

1

DIRTY CONNECTION

Back ReflecLon = -‐32.5 dB Total Loss = 4.87 dB

3

Clean Connection vs. Dirty Connection The typical budgeted loss for a mated connector pair is 0.5dB This dirty connector wasted ~10X the budgeted connector loss This dirty connector caused ~4.9dB which is a 68% power drop

Tools to Qualify and Maintain Enterprise PON Networks

Measurement / Test Tool Function Type of Test

Connector Inspection Video Inspection Scope Inspect to ensure connector endfaces are pristine prior to mating Basic

Visual Fault Location VFL ID fibers, broken patchcords, find loss inducing bends in closets, risers Basic

Optical Power Levels Power Meter Check power levels(verification, troubleshooting) Basic

Insertion Loss Optical Loss Test Set Measure Overall Loss Tier 1

Distance (fiber length) Optical Loss Test Set (w/ distance function) Measure Overall Length Tier 1

Fiber loss (sectional) OTDR Measure dB/km of fiber, total or sectional Tier 2

Connector/ splice loss OTDR Evaluate event losses,ID/ locate mxcrobends Tier 2

Reflectance OTDR Evaluate reflective events/ troubleshoot source of bad ORL Tier 2

Optical Return Loss (ORL) ORL meter or OTDR Determine ORL link compliance (pass/fail/measure) Tier 2

Tool requirements for Fiber Technicians

Drive behavior for best prac*ces •  Improve technician performance •  Prevent forming of bad habits •  Equips technicians follow best pracLces from day 1

Op*mize workflow for essen*al tasks •  InspecLon / Power Measurement / Cleaning / Fault LocaLon •  When your Techs work smarter – You save money! •  Goal = FINISH THE JOB FAST

Use it anywhere •  Datacenters, Overhead Cable Raceways, Under-‐Floor pathways

and spaces, DemarcaLon Points, etc •  Keep hands free to access equipment, route cable, etc.

Prove the quality of your work •  Store your data on the device •  Generate cerLficaLon reports

Test Solu*ons for PON in LAN •  Inspec*on Microscope

–  Pass/Fail Connector InspecLon •  OLS + PON Selec*ve Power Meter

–  Simultaneous TesLng of MulLple Wavelengths

–  Through-‐Mode TesLng –  Pass/Fail Connector InspecLon

•  OTDR –  Ideal for all phases of PON tests –  Detects faults –  Tests through connectors, splices, and

spliGers –  Fiber loss (dB/km) and Event loss –  MulLple schemaLc views

Enterprise PON: Construc*on Tes*ng

OPTION 1: Overall Link Loss Measurement Only

Advantages •  Inexpensive

Disadvantages •  Not True Tier 1 •  Don’t know length •  UnidirecLonal loss •  No ORL/Reflectance

Tools •  OpLcal Light Source •  PON OpLcal Power Meter •  Microscope

Test Feeder/Backbone link

Test Distribution link


OPTION 2: Per Event Loss Measurement + Length

Advantages •  See loss per event •  Know your distance

Disadvantages •  More Expensive •  Uni-‐direcLonal •  More Complex to use

(perceived)

Tools •  OTDR •  Microscope




OPTION 2: Fiber Complete

Advantages •  Tier 1 & 2 Test •  See loss per event •  Know your distance •  Bi-‐DirecLonal Loss

Disadvantages •  Need 2 Testers •  Uni-‐direcLonal •  More Complex to use

(perceived)

Tools •  Fiber Complete (x2)

•  IL •  ORL •  OTDR •  Microscope



Ques*ons?

94

•  Rodney Casteel ([email protected]) •  Tony Irujo ([email protected]) •  Loni Le Van-‐EGer (lllevan-‐[email protected]) •  Tyler VanderPloeg ([email protected])