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8/13/2019 Passive Voice 2012
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PASSIVE VOICE
Active: S + V + O
Passive: S + Be + PP(V3ed) + by + O
(tense)
EX: My father planted this tree last year.This tree was plantedby my father
last year.
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TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES
IN PASSIVE VOICE The Simple Present Tense
Active: S + V(s/es) + O
Passive: S + am/is/are+ PP + by + O
EX: He reads b!s e"ery day.
B!s are read(by him) e"ery day.
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TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES
IN PASSIVE VOICE The Present Continuous Tense
Active: S + am#is#are + V$in% + O
Passive: S + am/is/are+ ein!+PP + by + O
EX: He is &ritin% a n"el at themment.
' n"el is being written(by him) at the
mment.
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TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES
IN PASSIVE VOICE The Present Per"ect Tense
Active: S + Has#Ha"e + V(ed+ O
Passive: S + has/have + een+PP + by + O
EX: He has *st finished a n"el.' n"el hasjustbeen finished(by
him).
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TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES
IN PASSIVE VOICE The Simple Past Tense
Active: S + V+ed+ O
Passive: S + #as/were + PP + by + O
EX: He %a"e Tm a b!.' b! #as given t Tm(by him).
Tm #as !ivena b! (by him).
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TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES
IN PASSIVE VOICE The Past Continuous Tense
Active: S + &as#&ere + V$in% + O
Passive: S + #as/were + ein! + PP + by + O
EX: He &as &ritin% a letter at ,.--
yesterday.
' letter #as ein! #ritten(by him).
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TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES
IN PASSIVE VOICE The Past Per"ect Tense
Active: S + had + V(ed+ O
Passive: S + ha$+ een+ PP + by + O
EX: He had finished his hme&r! befre
,.-- yesterday.His hme&r! ha$ een "inishe$ (byhim) befre ,.-- yesterday.
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TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES
IN PASSIVE VOICE The Simple Future Tense
Active: S + &ill#shall + V + O
Passive: S + #ill/shall + be + PP + by + O
EX: He &ill finish the hme&r!.The hme&r! #ill e "inishe$.
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TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES
IN PASSIVE VOICE The Future Continuous Tense
Active: S + &ill#shall + be + V$in% + O
Passive: S + #ill/shall + be + bein% + PP + by + O
EX: Tm &ill be !in% l*nh at /-.--
tmrr&.0*nh #ill e ein! coo%e$by Tm
at /-.-- tmrr&.
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TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES
IN PASSIVE VOICE The Future Per"ect Tense
Active: S + &ill#shall + ha"e + V(ed+ O
Passive: S + #ill/shall + ha"e + been + PP + by + O
EX: By the end f ne1t &ee!2 he &ill ha"e
&ritten /- letters t her.By the end f ne1t &ee!2 /- letters #ill
have een #ritten t her.
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&O'AL VE(BS )&V* IN
PASSIVE VOICE&o$al Versan be *sed in either the present
r past frms.
Active: S + MV (nt) + V + O
Passive: S + MV (nt) + Be + PP + by + O
EX: 3e an4t sl"e this prblem.
This prblem can+t e solve$.
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PASSIVE VOICE ,ITH
CA-SATIVE FO(&
Active: S + Has#Ha"e + O/+ V (BI)+ O
+
S + 5et + O
/+ V (to-infinitive) + O
+
Passive: S + Has#Ha"e#5et + O++ PP
EX: My father had Tm &ash his ar.
My father had his ar &ashed by Tm
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OTHE( INFINITIVE
CO&BINATIONS IN PASSIVE
VOICE
Verbs f li!in%#l"in%#&antin%#&ishin% + Obet+ infiniti"e frm their passi"e &ith the passi"e
infiniti"e.Active: S + V + O
/+ t$infiniti"e + O
+
Passive: S + V + O + T Be + PP
EX: He &ants smene t ta!e pht%raphs.
He &ants pht%raphs to e ta%en.
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S*h "erbs as
6have/let/make/hear/see/watch/feel/ observe7
are *sed in the fll&in% passi"e str*t*re:
Active: S + V + O + V (BI)
Passive: S + T Be + PP + t$8nfiniti"eEX: The %ra"ity ma!es thin%s drp d&n.
Thin%s are made t drp d&n by the
%ra"ity.
Note: The "erb fll&in% 6let7 des nt bear 6t7
in the passi"e sentene.
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OTHE( INFINITIVE
CO&BINATIONS IN PASSIVE
VOICE
3ith a$vise#e!#or$er#recommen$#ur!e+8ndiret Obet + 8nfiniti"e + Obet2 &e ha"e
t& &ays f ma!in% the passi"e "ie.9/Active: S + V + O
/+ t$infiniti"e + O
+
Passive: S + T Be + PP + t$infiniti"e + O+
EX: He *r%ed the ;*nil t red*e the ta1.
The ;*nil #as ur!e$t red*e the ta1.
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OTHE( INFINITIVE
CO&BINATIONS IN PASSIVE
VOICE
3ith a$vise#e!#or$er#recommen$#ur!e+8ndiret Obet + infiniti"e + Obet2 &e ha"e
t& &ays f ma!in% the passi"e "ie.9Active: S + V + O
/+ t$infiniti"e + O
+
Passive: S/+ V + that + S++ sh*ld be + PP
EX: He *r%ed the ;*nil t red*e the ta1.
He *r%ed that the ta1 shoul$ e re$uce$.
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OTHE( INFINITIVE
CO&BINATIONS AFTE( THE
PASSIVE VE(B
'fter ac%no#le$!e#assume#elieve#claim#
consi$er#estimate#"eel#"in$#%no##report#sa.#thin% #un$erstan$
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9/Active: S/+ V
/+ that + S
++ V
++ (O)
Passive: 8t + To Be+ PP + that + S++ V
++
(O)
EX: Peple said that he &as eal*s f her.
8t #as sai$that he &as eal*s f her.
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9Active: S/+ V
/+ that + S
++ V
++ (O)
Passive: S+ T Be + PP + t + V+ (O)
EX: Peple said that he &as eal*s f her.
He #as sai$t be eal*s f her.
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Per"ect In"initive: if the time in the infiniti"e
passi"e is earlier than that f the main ati"e
"erb.
9/Active: S/+ V
/+ that + S
++ V
++ (O)
Passive: 8t + To Be+ PP + that + S++ V
++
(O)
EX: Peple say that he &as eal*s f her.
8t issai$that he &as eal*s f her.
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9Active: S/+ V
/+ that + S
++ V
++ (O)
Passive: S+ T Be + PP + t ha"e + PP + (O)
EX: Peple say that he &as eal*s f her.
He is sai$t have eeneal*s f her.
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OTHE( GE(-N' CO&BINATIONS
IN PASSIVE VOICE
3itha$vise#insist#propose#recommen$
#su!!est+ 5er*nd + Obet
Active: S + V + V$in% + O
Passive: S + V + that + S+ sh*ld be + PP
EX: He remmended *sin% b*llet$prf %lass.
He remmended that b*llet$prf %lassshoul$ e use$.
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OTHE( GE(-N' CO&BINATIONS
IN PASSIVE VOICE
Active: S + V + O + V$in%
Passive: S + V + Bein% + PP + by + O
EX: 8 remembered my father ta!in% me t the=.
8 remember ein! ta%ent the = by myfather.
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Active: S + V + T$inf + O
Passive: S + V + T Be + PP + by + O
EX: She started t learn En%lish > years a%.
En%lish started t be learnt > years a%.Active: S + V + V$in% + O
Passive: S + V + Bein% + PP + by + O
EX: She started learnin% En%lish > years a%.
En%lish started bein% learnt > years a%.