Passive Transport Report not done

7/28/2019 Passive Transport Report not done

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PASSIVE TRANSPORT



OBJECTIVES:

To explain and describe diffusion.

To differentiate three types of solutions:

a. ) 10% NACL

b. ) 0.9 % NACL

c.) DISTILLED WATERTo define hemolysis, osmolality and tonicity.

To differentiate osmotic from oncotic pressure.



METHODOLOGY:

1 drop 0.9% NaCl 1 drop 10% NaCl 1 drop distilled

H20



CHARACTERISTICS OF DIFFERENT TYPES

OF TRANSPORT

TYPE ELECTRO-

CHEMIC

AL

GRADIEN

T

CARRIER-MEDIATED

METABOLIC ENERGY

NAGRADIENT

INHIBITIONOF NA-K-

PUMP

SIMPLE

DIFFUSION

DOWNHILL NO NO NO

FACILITATED

DIFFUSION

DOWNHILL YES NO NO

PRIMARY

ACTIVE

TRANSPORT

UPHILL YES YES INHIBITS (IF

Na-K PUMP

INVOLVED)

COTRANSPORT UPHILL YES INDIRECT YES, SAME

DIRECTION

INHIBITS

COUNTER

TRANSPORT

UPHILL YES INDIRECT YES,

OPPOSITE

DIRECTION

INHIBITS



DIFFUSION

THE PROCESS BY WHICH

MOLECULES MOVE

SPONTANEOUSLY FROM AN AREA

OF HIGH CONCENTRATION TOONE OF LOW CONCENTRATION.



TYPES OF SOLUTIONS:

10% NaCL 0.9% NaCl Distilled Water



HEMOLYSIS

The destruction of red blood cells, withsubsequent release of hemoglobin

RESULT IN SLIDE: DISTILLED WATER- The cell swell and may burst (lysis)



OSMOTIC PRESSURE

ONCOTIC PRESSURE- Osmotic pressure

generated by large

molecules in

solutions.

- The exact amount of

pressure required to

stop osmosis.



OSMOLALITY

Is the osmotic pressure

generated by the dissolve

solute molecules in one

kilogram of solvent.

Osm/ kg H2O or Osmol/kg



OSMOLES

unit of measurement that describesthe number of moles of a

compound that contribute to the

osmotic pressure of a chemical

solution.



TOTAL OSMOLALITY

EFFECTIVE OSMOLE

- can not freely permeate cell

membranes and are restricted

to either extra or intra cellular

fluid compartmentsINEFFECTIVE OSMOLE

-contribute to total

osmolaity but not to

tonicity.



TONICITY

measure of effective osmolarity .equal to the sum of the concentrations of the

solutes which have the capacity to exert an osmotic

force across that membrane.

depends on solute permeability. TONICITY OSMOTIC PRESSURE



OSMOLALITY AND TONICITY: RELATIONSHIP TO

MEMBRANE

Osmolality - property of a particular solution

- independent of any membrane

Tonicity - property of a solution in reference to a particular membrane



BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION:

HYPERTONIC- solution with a higher solute concentration

compared with another solution

HYPOTONIC – solution with lower solute concentration

compared with another solution.

ISOTONIC - fluid with an equal concentration to another

fluid; water can diffuse equally both in and out of the cell.



CLASSIFIED IN THREE RANGES:

1. HYPOTONICITY

SWELL

2. ISOTONICITY

NO CHANGE

2. HYPERTONICITY

SHRINK



TYPE OF SOLUTIONS

ISOTONIC HYPOTONIC HYPERTONIC

NSSLR

D5W

NSS D5NSD5 ½ NS

D5LR



A patient is severely dehydrated with low blood

pressure. What us the ideal fluid for initial

replacement? WHY?

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Passive Transport Report not done