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Passé Composé with être
As we have already seen, in the passé composé, most verbs use avoir as the helping verb.
However, some verbs use être instead.
How to conjugate être in the present:
Je suis I am
Tu es You areIl/Elle/On est He/She/One is
Nous sommes We areVous êtes You are
Ils/Elles sont They are
The following verbs form the passé composé with être. It is easier to learn them as pairs:
• aller/venir to go/to come• arriver/partir to arrive/to leave• entrer/sortir to enter/to go out• monter/descendre to go up/to go down• naître/mourir to be born/to die
All the verbs made up of these verbs, e.g. rentrer, repartir, also use être, as do tomber, rester and retourner.
Irregular past participlesvenir naître mourir
The rest of the être verbs are regular.
venunémort
Il est né le 14 avril.
With verbs that use être as the helping verb, the past participle
agrees with the subject (the person or thing doing the action).
Add -e if the subject is feminineEntrer Elle est
entrée
Add -s if the subject is masculine plural (or
includes masculine and feminine)
Arriver Ils sont arrivés
Add –es if the subject is feminine plural
Partir elles sont parties
La forme négative
Je suis entré dans la salle de classe.
Je ne suis pas entré dans la salle de classe.
The “ne…pas” goes around the helping verb.