Parts of Speech Introducing… Click on the arrow to go to the next slide

Parts of Speech

Introducing…

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IntroductionEvery word in the English language falls into one or more categories. These categories determine how a word functions in a sentence to produce meaning. These categories are called the parts of speech.

The basic parts of speech are: noun, verb, adjective, adverb, pronoun, conjunction, preposition, and interjection.

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ObjectivesBy the end of this tutorial, you should be able to:

• Recognize the eight parts of speech

• Identify the parts of speech in sentences

DirectionsIn the first section, you will be introduced to the eight parts of speech and examples of each.

You must correctly answer a multiple choice question about each term before moving on to the next.

But don’t worry – you’ll be given a chance to review and re-do a question if you answer incorrectly.

Ready?

Click the “Go” button to begin.

Noun

A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea.

Nouns can be either common or proper.

Nouns are also either concrete or abstract.

Definition:

Common Noun

A common noun names any person, place, thing, or idea. Common nouns are NOT capitalized.

Examples:

Definition:

girl, school, team, happiness

Proper Noun

A proper noun names a specific person, place, thing, or idea. Proper nouns are capitalized.

Examples:

Definition:

Ms. Altermatt, Millennium Middle School, Detroit Tigers

Concrete Noun

A concrete noun names something you see, hear, smell, taste, or touch. In other words, concrete nouns are nouns you can experience through your senses.

Examples:

Definition:

girl, Ms. Altermatt, school, Millennium Middle School, team, Detroit Tigers

Abstract Noun

An abstract noun names ideas, feelings, and characteristics

Examples:

Definition:

bravery, love, happiness

NounExamples:

boy, school, pen (common)

Johnny, Millennium Middle School, Sharpie (proper)

girl, bedroom, tree (concrete)

love, daydream, boredom (abstract)

NounAnother example:

Jennifer realized that summer was over when a cool breeze blew as the sun slowly set.

Which of the following has all the nouns correctly underlined?(Click on the circle to select your answer.)

Click this arrow if you’d like to review before answering.

I saw the white bird flying in the sky.

The sight of the white bird flying in the sky was breathtaking.

The white bird soared over the bustling city.

Try Again

Remember: A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea.

A noun often has a describing word right in front of it.

Click the arrow to try again.

You’re Right!

Click the arrow to continue.

“The sight of the white bird flying in the sky was breathtaking,” has the nouns correctly underlined. Sight is an abstract noun. It is a thing, but you cannot touch it. Bird is also a thing. Sky is a place.

VerbA verb is a word that expresses an action or a state of being.

Definition:

Verbs can be either action verbs or linking verbs.

Action Verb

An action verb is a word that shows an action.

Examples:

Definition:

crashed, swim, writes, sings, painted

State of Being Verb

A state of being verb, or linking verb, is a word that connects a noun, pronoun, or adjective to its subject.

Examples:

Definition:

am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been

VerbMore examples:

The wind blows through the air. (Action)

She leaped out of her seat. (Action)

She is a beautiful baby. (State of Being)

He felt sad that day. (State of Being)

His temper was explosive. (State of Being)

He is in the hall.

He was late for class.

He ran down the hall.

Which of the following does NOT contain an example of a state of being verb?(Click on a sentence to select your answer.)


Read the question carefully before

answering!

Try AgainTake another look at the possible answers.

He is in the hall.

He was late for class.

He ran down the hall.

There are 2 types of verbs – action and state of being

• Action verbs show what someone or something is doing

• State of being verbs show the condition or position something is in.

Which one of the above sentences does not show state of being?


You’re Right!“He ran down the hall” does not show state of being because “ran” is an action. It is what “he” is doing.

Click the arrow to continue.

AdjectiveDefinition:

An adjective is a word used to describe or modify a noun.

An adjective tells what kind: big book red car iced coffee

An adjective tells which one: those wheels that disc these earrings

An adjective tells how many: three amigos some shirts many hours

AdjectiveMore information:

A, an, and the are special adjectives called articles.

This, that, these, and those are called demonstrative adjectives.

Examples:• The scared, young girl stood on the stage.• This red McIntosh apple has a fat, green

worm in it.

The lazy dog sat on the soft cushion.

The lazy dog sat on that soft cushion.

The German shepherd chewed on the sofa

cushion.

The German shepherd chewed on that sofa

cushion.

Which of the following has all the adjectives correctly underlined?(Click on the circle to select your answer.)


Try AgainTake another look at these examples.


• The lazy dog sat on the soft cushion.

• The lazy dog sat on that soft cushion.

• The German shepherd chewed on the sofa cushion.

• The German shepherd chewed on that sofa cushion.

Remember: All of the following words are adjectives -- a, an, the, this, that, these, and those

You’re Right!

“The German shepherd chewed on that sofa cushion,”

has the adjectives underlined correctly. German

describes the type of shepherd, sofa describes the

cushion, the is an article, and that is a demonstrative

adjective.

AdverbTake a look at the following sentences where the adverbs are correctly underlined. You will later select the best definition for this part of speech.

Brad walked very quickly to class.

Proudly, Ashley beamed after getting her science test back.

Finally, the bell rang to end the day.

Six swans swam serenely in the pond.

AdverbHave you figured it out yet?

Here are more examples to help refine your definition.

Contains an adverb After a week of waiting anxiously, Tom’s letter finally arrived yesterday.

Does NOT contain an adverb Tom’s letter came in the mail.

A word that modifies or describes a verb

A word that tells who, what, or when

A word that describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb

None of the above

Which of the following is the best definition for adverb?(Click on a definition to select your answer.)


Try AgainLook at this example.

Yesterday, six swans swam very swiftly, yet gracefully, through the water.

Think about what is described.

What information is being added to the sentence?


You’re Right!

An adverb is used to tell more about or modify a verb, adjective or other adverb. Adverbs often tell how, when, where, or to what extent something is happening.

Adverbs are often formed by adding –ly to an adjective (slowly, quickly, helpfully).

PronounThink about the following sentences where pronouns are underlined correctly. You will later select the best definition for this part of speech.

He took his one-ton backpack home.

PronounAnother example:

It scared him to death.

PronounMore examples:

You could have knocked me over with a feather.

Johnny, get yourself to my office right away!

A word that describes a person

A word that shortens the action in the sentence

A word that takes the place of a noun

A word used in the place of an adjective

Which of the following is the best definition for pronoun?(Click on a definition to select your answer.)


Try AgainThink about the examples again.

You could have knocked me over with a feather.

Johnny, get yourself to my office right away!

Are these taking the place of other words?

What kind of words are they replacing?


You’re Right!Pronouns are words that are substitutes for nouns in a sentence.

Pronouns are used to make writing more concise, less wordy.

Be careful with pronouns. If you use too many then your writing becomes vague and confusing.

Conjunction

Start thinking about what you think is best definition for this part of speech.

Take a look at the following sentences where the conjunctions are correctly underlined.

Charlie and his dog sprinted across the field.

Charlie stopped, but his dog kept going.

Should Charlie chase the dog or go home for dinner?

Conjunctions

More examples:

The boys and girls filled the halls and classrooms.

It was strange that they didn’t bring paper or pencils.

I was happy and sad at the same time; happy that school was starting, but sad that summer was over.

A word that replaces a verb

A word that joins words or groups of words

A word that only describes actions

Which of the following is the best definition for a conjunction?(Click on a definition to select your answer.)


Try AgainThink carefully about the words and, but, and or.

What purpose are they serving in the sentence?

Do they add description or help make connections?


You’re Right!Conjunctions are words that join words or phrases in a sentence. Conjunctions are also used in join ideas in compound sentences.

Examples of compound sentences are: The boy forgot his homework. The boy bravely went to class.The boy forgot his homework, but bravely went to class.

PrepositionsA preposition is a word or phrase that shows how a noun or a pronoun relates to another word in a sentence.

Think of it this way:

Definition:

A preposition helps to show relationships. For example, on and above show a relationship between the ball and the table.

PrepositionsThe following is a list of commonly used prepositions.

about

above

across

after

against

along

among

around

at

before

behind

below

beneath

beside

between

beyond

but

by

down

during

for

from

in

inside

into

like

near

of

off

on

onto

out

outside

over

past

through

to

toward

under

underneath

until

up

upon

with

without

PrepositionsMore examples:

The car danced across the icy road.

The car skidded through the tunnel.

The stars in the clear night sky winked at me.

Suddenly the snow fell from the sky.

The wind juggled the tree’s leaves.

The wind blew the leaves from the trees.

The wind moved the leaves from the tree.

Which of the following sentences has the preposition underlined correctly?(Click on a circle to select your answer.)


Try AgainThink carefully about the choices.

The wind juggled the tree’s leaves.

The wind blew the leaves from the tree.

The wind moved the leaves from the tree.

Two of theses sentences contain the same preposition, but only one has it underlined correctly. Which one?


You’re Right!“The wind blew the leaves from the tree” has the preposition underlined correctly. The word from gives the relationship of the leaves to the tree.

InterjectionTake a look at the following sentences where the interjections are

correctly underlined. You will later select the best definition for this part of speech.

Whoa baby! My parents just bought me a Wii!

They asked me if I was happy, but all I could say was, oh my gosh.

Yippee! I can’t wait to show my friends.

Dude, they are going to be so jealous.

InterjectionHave you figured it out yet?

Here are more examples to help refine your definition.

Contains an interjection Wow! I can’t believe how lucky I am.

Does NOT contain an interjection I am a very lucky person.

A word that suggests dialogue

A word that describes who, what, or when

A word or phrase that expresses strong emotion

None of the above

Which of the following is the best definition for interjection?(Click on a definition to select your answer.)


Try AgainLook at this example.

Yippee! I can’t wait to tell my friends.

Think about what is happening in the sentences.

What information is being added to the sentence?


You’re Right!Interjections are words or phrases that

express strong emotion like pain or surprise, but otherwise have no meaning.

Interjections are generally set apart from a sentence by an exclamation point or by a comma when the feeling is not as strong.

Wow! Hey!Oh my gosh!

Part TwoDirections

You’ve made it through the first part of the tutorial!

Now you will be given poems and asked to choose which part of speech is shown.

You will be able to look back at a definition page to help you along the way.

DefinitionsNoun: A word used to name a person, place, or thing

Verb: A word used to show action or state of being

Adjective: A word that describes a noun

Adverb: A word that describes a verb, adjective, or another adverb

Pronoun: A word that replaces a noun or noun phrase

Conjunction: A word used to link words, phrases, or clauses

Preposition: A word that shows how a noun relates to another word in the sentence

Interjection: A word or phrase that expresses strong emotionClick on the button to return to the previous slide.

Untitled

Bang! The starter’s gun—thin raindrops

sprint.

-Dorthi CharlesKnock at a Star

Which part of speech is highlighted in the above poem?(Click on the part of speech to select your answer.)

Noun Preposition

Adverb Interjection

Click this button if you’d like to review the definition page before answering.

Try AgainTake a look at the definitions below and decide which part of speech is being used when the poet says, “Bang!”


Noun: a word that names a person, place, or thing

Adverb: a words that describes a verb, adjective, or another adverb

Preposition: a word that show how a noun relates to another word in the sentence

Interjection: A word that expresses strong emotion

You’re Right!

When Dorthi Charlies wrote, “Bang!”, she was using an interjection.

“Bang” is a sound word that expresses surprise.

“The Wind”

The wind stood up, and gave a shout;He whistled on his fingers, and

Kicked the withered leaves about,And thumped the branches with his hand,

And said he’ll kill, and kill, and kill;And so he will! And so he will!

- James StephensKnock at a Star

Which part of speech is highlighted in the above poem?

Noun Verb

Adverb Adjective

Try AgainTake a look at the definitions below and decide which part of speech is being highlighted when the poet says, “The wind stood up, and gave a shout / He whistled on his fingers”.


Noun: A word that names a person, place, or thing

Verb: A word that shows action or state of being


Adverb: A word that describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb

You’re Right!When James Stephens wrote, “He whistled on his fingers / Kicked the withered leaves about / And thumped the branches with his hand,” he was using strong action verbs.

He brought imagery and action to the wind.

“The Runner”

On a flat road runs the well-trained runner,He is lean and sinewy with muscular legs,He is thinly clothed, he leans forward as he runs,With lightly closed fists and arms partially raised.

- Walt WhitmanKnock at a Star


Conjunction Adjective

Preposition Pronoun

Try AgainTake a look at the definitions below and decide which figure of speech is being used when the poet says, “On a flat road/With lightly closed fists and arms partially raised”.


Conjunction: A word that connects words and phrases

Preposition: A word that shows how a noun relates to another word in the sentence


Pronoun: A word that replaces a noun

You’re Right!When Walt Whitman wrote,

“On a flat road runs the well-trained runner,He is lean and sinewy with muscular legs,He is thinly clothed, he leans forward as he runs,With lightly closed fists and arms partially raised.”

He used prepositional phrases to show how the runner (noun) related to the road (another noun). He also shows how the runner’s legs and fists relate using prepositional phrases.

“Peach”

Touch it to your cheek and it’s softas a velvet newborn mousewho has to strive to be alive.

Bite in. Runnyhoney blooms on your tongue-as if you’ve bitten opena whole hive.And so he will! And so he will!

- Rose RauterKnock at a Star


Adverb Interjection

Pronoun Adjective

Try AgainTake a look at the definitions below and decide what role each highlighted word has when the poet says, “It’s soft as a velvet newborn mouse”.


Adverb: A word describes a verb, adjective, or another adverb


Interjection: A word that shows strong emotion


You’re Right!When Rose Rauter wrote, “It’s soft as a velvet newborn mouse”, she was using adjectives to describe a peach (noun) which is the topic of her poem.

Excerpt from “I’m Proud of My Preposterpus”

I’m proud of my Preposterpus,so ponderous and pale,I love the way it whistleswhen it swizzles ginger ale.It’s magnificent in stature,fully twenty-four feet tall,so it tends to draw attention when I take it to the mall.

- Jack PretulskyA Pizza the Size of the Sun

Which figure of speech is highlighted in the above poem?

Verb Adverb

Adjective Pronoun

Try AgainTake a look at the definitions below and decide what role the highlighted words are playing in the poem when the poet says, “I’m proud of my Preposterpus / so ponderous and pale / It’s magnificent in stature”.


Verb: A word that expresses action or state of being


Adverb: A word that describes a verb, adjective, or another adverb


You’re Right!When Jack Prelutsky wrote, “I’m proud of my Preposterpus / so ponderous and pale”, he was using adjectives.

He is describing the narrator (person) with proud and describing his Preposterous (thing) with my, ponderous, and pale.

“Dreams”

Hold fast to dreamsFor if dreams dieLife is a broken-winged birdThat cannot fly. Hold fast to dreamsFor when dreams goLife is a barren fieldFrozen with snow.

- Langston HughesThe Dream Keeper and Other Poems


Noun Pronoun

Verb Adjective

Try AgainTake a look at the definitions below and decide which part of speech is being used in each highlighted word when the poet says, “Life is a broken-winged bird / That cannot fly / Life is a barren field / Frozen with snow.”


Noun: A word the names a person, place, or thing

Verb: A word that shows actions or state of being

Adjective: A word describing a noun


You’re Right!When Langston Hughes wrote, “Life is a broken-winged bird / That cannot fly”, he was using nouns.

Life and bird are both things. Life is an abstract noun. Bird is a concrete noun

“A Pizza the Size of the Sun”

I’m making a pizza the size of the sun,a pizza that’s sure to weigh more than a ton,

a pizza too massive to pick up and toss,a pizza resplendent with oceans of sauce.

I’m topping my pizza with mountains of cheese,with acres of peppers, pimentos, and peas,

with mushrooms, tomatoes, and sausage galore,with every last olive they had at the store.

My pizza is sure to be one of a kind,my pizza will leave other pizzas behind,

my pizza will be a delectable treatthat all who love pizza are welcome to eat.

The oven is hot, I believe it will takea year and a half for my pizza to bake.I hardly can wait till my pizza is done,

my wonderful pizza is the size of the sun.- Jack Pretulsky

A Pizza the Size of the Sun


Pronoun Adjective

Noun Conjunction

Try AgainTake a look at the definitions below and decide which part of speech is being used in the highlighted words,

“I’m making a pizza the size of the sun / a pizza that’s sure to weigh more than a ton”.



Noun: A word naming a person, place, or thing

Adjective: A word describing a noun

Conjunction: A word used to link words, phrases, or sentences

You’re Right!When Jack Prelutsky wrote, “I’m making a pizza the size of the sun / A pizza that’s sure to weigh more than a ton,” he was using nouns.

Pizza and sun are concrete nouns. Size and ton are abstract nouns.

Congratulations, You’re Done!

You’ve completed the entire tutorial. You were able to recognize and identify eight parts of speech.

Important: Keep this screen open and raise your hand to show your teacher that you have reached

this final page.

While you’re waiting, you should start working on the 3-2-1, Summary! on the back of your notes

sheet. Click the arrow to see the bibliography for this tutorial.

BibliographyHughes, Langston. The Dream Keeper and Other Poems. New

York : Scholastic, Inc., 1996.

Kennedy, X. J., and Kennedy, Dorothy. Knock at a Star. New York: Little, Brown and Company, 1999.

Prelutsky, Jack. A Pizza the Size of the Sun. New York : Scholastic, Inc., 1996.

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Parts of Speech Introducing… Click on the arrow to go to the next slide