Participants

G. Amaldoss, Department of Biology, Fu Jen University, Taipei 242, Taiwan, ROC Tetsu Asayama, Aichi Ken Agricultural Research Center, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1 1, Japan Peter Becker, Celamerck GmbH & Company KG, 6507 Ingelheim an Rhein, P. 0. Box

0. P . Bhalla, Department of Entomology and Apiculture, Himachal Pradesh

Erhard Brunner, Sandoz Ltd., P. 0. Box 3326 JKT, Jakarta, Indonesia H. Buholzer, Research and Development Insecticides, Ag 2.72, Ciba-Geigy Ltd.,

U. Busse, BASF/Cheng Kuang Chemical Industrial Company Ltd., P. 0. Box 3134,

Jose Calderon, Plant Protection, Ciba-Geigy (Philippines) Inc., P . 0. Box 7390, Manila,

Rodney Y. W. Chang, Cyanamid Taiwan Corporation, P . 0. Box 19-20, Pingtung,

Rangsan Chantanakul, F. E. Zuellig (Bangkok) Ltd., Zuellig Building, 1-7 Silom Road,

Virach Chantrasmi, F. E. Zuellig (Bangkok) Ltd., Zuellig Building, 1-7 Silom Road,

B. S. Chen, Teh Hua Chemical and Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., P. 0. Box 17-61,

C. N. Chen, Council of Agriculture, 37 Nan Hai Road, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC George Chen, Pacific Chemicals (Taiwan) Ltd., Room 703, 7th Floor, Formosa Plastics

K. F. Chen, Teh Hua Chemical and Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., P. 0. Box 17-61,

L. F. Chen, Chung Teh Company Ltd., 3rd Floor, 350 Min Sheng East Road, P. 0.

Walter T. Chen, China-Fashion International Corporation, 10th FI, 140 Hsin Yi Road,

W. S. Chen, Plant Protection Division, Tainan District Agricultural Improvement

Edward Y. Cheng, Department of Applied Zoology, Taiwan Agricultural Research

Hsin Chi, Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 400,

Y . S. Chow, Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC Y. I Chu, Department of Plant Pathology and Entomology, National Taiwan University,

T. H. Chua, Zoology Department, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia W. M. Chung, Hoechst Korea Company Ltd., Central P. 0. Box 5958, Seoul, Republic

Tim Collard, Biochem Products, Far East Liaison Office, G. P. 0. Box 3514, Hongkong C. P. Dalebout, Agricultural Development Department, Duphar B. V., Gooilust,

W. Dannigkeit, Hoechst Malaysia Sdn Bhd, P. 0. Box 10540, Kuala Lumpur 01-02,

202, West Germany

Agricultural University, Nauani (Solan), H. P. 173230, India

CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland

Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

Philippines

Taiwan, ROC

P. 0. Box 379, Bangkok 10500, Thailand

P . 0. Box 379, Bangkok 10500, Thailand

Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

Building, 201 Tun Hua North Road, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

Box 27-088, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

Section 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC

Station, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC

Institute, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

Taiwan, ROC

Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

of Korea

Zuidereinde 49, 1243 'S-Graveland, Holland

Malaysia

440 Participants

Darmawan, Hoechst Pharmaceuticals of Indonesia PT., P. 0. Box 2390, Jakarta, Indonesia

M. H. Dickson, Department of Horticultural Sciences, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY 14456, USA

C. J . Eckenrode, Department of Entomology, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, N Y 14456, USA

Hai Tung Feng, Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

M. Ferino, Cyanamid Agricultural Research Foundation lnc., Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines

George Y. Funasaki, Biological Control Section, Hawaii Department of Agriculture, 1428 South ling Street, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA

C. P . Gau, Elanco Products Company, 5th Floor, World-Wide House, 683-685 Min Sheng East Road, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

Hartmut E. Glass, Celamerck GmbH & Company KG, 6507 Ingelheim an Rhein, P . 0. Box 202, West Germany

D. G. Harcourt, Entomology Section, Research Branch, Ontario Region, Ottawa Research Station, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OC6, Canada

C. J . Hare, Technical Advisory Office, Ciba-Geigy Service Ltd., P. 0. Box 9-115, Bangkok, Thailand

Volker Harries, Landw. Vers. Station der BASF, Carl Bosch Street, 6703 Limburgerhof, West Germany

I . Hellwig, Hoechst AG, Teh Hua Chemical and Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., P. 0. Box 17-61, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

Yoshihiro Higuchi, International Development, Agricultural Chemicals Division, Nissan Chemical Company, Kowa Hitotsubashi Building, 7-1, 3-Chome, Kanda-Nishiki-Cho, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 101, Japan

J. Hoffmann, Hoechst AG, Verkauf, Landwirtschaft, PFL Beratung, Postfach 80 03 20, D-6320 Frankfurt (Main), West Germany

Shi Cheng Hong, Plant Protection Division, Chia Yi Sub- station, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Chia Yi, Taiwan, ROC

Roger F. Hou, Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

Chu Ying Hsin, Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Wufeng, Taichung Hsien 431, Taiwan, ROC

Clement C. H. Hsu, Rohm and Haas East Asia Inc., Taiwan Branch, P . 0. Box 17-158, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

Dennis Huang, Rhone-Poulenc Taiwan Company Ltd., Agrochemical Division, 11 th FI., Chia Hsin Building, Chung Shan North Road, Section 3, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

P. J. Huang, Cyanamid Taiwan Corporation, 3rd Floor, Union Commercial Building, 137 Nanking East Road, Section 2, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

Shang Wen Huang, AVRDC, P. 0. Box 42, Shanhua, Tainan 74103, Taiwan, ROC Thompson Huang, Taiwan Nissan Chemical Industries Corportion, 5th Floor,

W. C. Huang, Cheng Kuang Chemical Industrial Company Ltd., P. O. Box 3134, Taipei,

Takeo Ishiguro, Agrochemicals Department, Aburahi Laboratories, Shionogi Research

Mohammad Iman, Bogor Research Institute for Food Crops, Jalan Cimanggu, Kecil

H. Irie, Shionogi and Co. Ltd., 3-12, Doshomachi, Higashi-ku, Osaka 541, Japan Daizi lshikawa, Agricultural Chemicals Division, Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Ltd.,

29 Nanking East Road, Section 3, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

Taiwan, ROC

Laboratories, Gotanda, Koka Cho, Koga-Gun, Shiga-Ken, Japan

2 , P. 0. Box 368 Boo, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia

Participants 44 1

5-2 Marunouchi 2 Chome, Chiyoda Ku, Tokyo, Japan K. Iwaya, Nihon Tokushu Noyaku Seizo K. K., P. 0. Box 157, Nihonbashi, Tokyo,

Japan Jack Jan, Agricultural Chemicals, Shell Pacific Development Pte. Ltd., Room 1201, Chia

Hsin Building, 96 Chung Shan North Road, Section 2, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC Suey Sheng Kao, Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research

Institute, Wufeng, Taichung Hsien 431, Taiwan, ROC N. Kawamura, Dow Chemical Japan Ltd., Research and Development Laboratory, 92-2

Ogur ano, G otemba-shi, Shizuoka-ken 4 12, Japan Pitoon Khawtephawan, Pitsulin Co. Ltd., 8th FI., Bangkok Union Insurance Building,

175-177 Surawongse Road, Bangkok 5 , Thailand Yohichi Kohyama, Agricultural Products Laboratory, Research Center, Mitsubishi

Chemical Industry Ltd., 1000 Kamoshida-Cho, Midori-Ku, Yokohama-Shi, Kanagawa-Ken 227, Japan

Tatsuo Koshihara, Tohoku National Agricultural Experiment Station, Morioka, Iwate 020-0 1, Japan

L. Krafft, Hoechst AG, Verkauf Landwirtschaft, PFL Beratung, Postfach 80 03 20, D-6320 Frankfurt (Main), West Germany

T. Y. Ku, Council of Agriculture, 37 Nan Hai Road, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC Su Chong Kuo, AVRDC, P. 0. Box 42, Shanhua, Tainan 74103, Taiwan, ROC T. C. Kuo, Teh Hua Chemical and Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., P. 0. Box 17-61,

Frank P. L. Lai, ICI (China) Ltd., Taiwan Branch, 11th Floor, Formosa Plastics

Hsi Shan Lee, Department of Plant Protection, Fengshan Tropical Horticultural

J . C. Lee, Ruey Feng Company Ltd., 5th Floor, Fu Chang Building, 33 Chung An West

Joko Lee, Development Department, Cheng Kuang Chemical Company Ltd., 2nd Floor,

Lian Shing Lee, Taoyuan District Agricultural Improvement Station, Hsinchu, Taiwan,

Mau Sheng Lee, Pacific Chemicals (Taiwan) Ltd., Room 703, 7th Floor, Formosa

Song Tay Lee, AVRDC, P. 0. Box 42, Shanhua, Tainan 74103, 'Taiwan, ROC D. S. Lesiewicz, Agricultural Research Division, American Cyanamid, P . 0. Box 400,

C. P. Liang, Ruey Feng Company Ltd., 5th Floor, Fu Chang Building, 33 Chung An

Paul Liao, Pacific Chemicals (Taiwan) Ltd., Room 703, 7th Floor, Formosa Plastics

Guan Soon Lim, Basic Research Division, MARDI, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Jung Lee Lim, ICI (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd, Batu 16, Jalan Ayer Keroh Bemban, Lock Bag

Chih Ping Lin, AVRDC, P. 0. Box 42, Shanhua, Tainan 74103, Taiwan, ROC Soru Lin, Ji Kang Company Ltd., 14th Floor, 2 Pa Teh Road, Section 3, Taipei, Taiwan,

Jin Chen Liu, Department of Agriculture and Forestry, Taiwan Provincial Government,

Ming Yie Liu, Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung

J . H. Lourens, Hoechst AG, Development Department, Hessendamm 1-3, 6234

Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

Building, 201 Tung Hua North Road, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

Experiment Station, Fengshan, Kaohsiung 830, Taiwan, ROC

Road, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

47 Chung Shan North Road, Section 3, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

ROC

Plastics Building, 201 Tun Hua North Road, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

Princeton, N. J . 08540, USA

West Road, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

Building, 201 Tun Hua North Road, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

No. 1006 (GPO), Melaka, Malaysia

ROC

Jung Hsing Village, Nantou, Taiwan, ROC

400, Taiwan, ROC

442 Participants

Hattersheim 1, West Germany C. J. William Maa, Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC Ishak Manti, Sukarami Research Institute for Food Crops, P. 0. Box 34, Padang, West

E. D. Magallona, Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of the

Tadashi Miyata, Laboratory of Applied Entomology and Nematology, Faculty of

Osamu Mochida, Department of Entomology, International Rice Research Institute, P.

Belen Morallo-Rejesus, Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University

Kwang Yew Ng, Bayer (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd, P . 0. Box 12170, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Hisashi Nemoto, Department of Applied Entomology, Saitama Horticultural Experiment

Yasuo Nomura, Kumiai Chemicals Life Science Institute, 3360- Kamo, Kikugawa-Cho,

Tetsuya Okabayashi, ISK Tokyo, Chiyoda-Ku, Fujimi-2-10-30, Tokyo, Japan Peter A. C. Ooi, CIBC-CPB Project, c/o Ebor Research, Locked Bag No. 202, Batu

H. Oouchi, Sumitomo Chemical Company Ltd., 2-1, 4-Chome, Takatsuka, Takarazuka,

Y. T. Ou, Agricultural Department, Du Pont Far East, Taiwan Branch, P . 0. Box 22700,

Chatree Pitakpaivan, ICI Asiatic (Agriculture) Co. Ltd., 53-55 Oriental Avenue, G. P.

Tawanwong Prompoobet, Agro-Chemicals Division, Anglo-Thai (Thailand) Ltd., G. P.

Romeo S. Rejesus, Agricultural Research Station, Chevron Chemical International Inc.,

Eckhard Rose, Hoechst Philippines Inc., P . 0. Box 433, Commercial Center, Makati,

Robert I . Rose, Biochem Products S. A . , Rue Du Prince Albert, 44-1050, Brusellex,

Brent Rowell, Church World Service, Phenom Penh, Kampuchea. Sukont Rungsardthong, Bayer Thai Company Ltd., 130/1 North Sathorn Road, Bangkok

10500, Thailand Montree Rusamee, T. J . C. Chemical Company Ltd., 97 Rajadamri Road, Prathumwan,

Bangkok 10500, Thailand Winai Rushtapakornchai, Entomology and Zoology Division, Department of

Agriculture, Bangkhen, Bangkok 9, Thailand A. Sagenmueller, Hoechst AG, Boreich C. Landwirtschaft, Landw. Entwicklung-

sabteilung, 6234 Hattersheim (Main), Hessendamm 1-3, West Germany Michihiko Sakai, Development and Technical Marketing Department, Agricultural

Chemicals Division, Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd., 12-10 Nihonbashi 2-Chome, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo 103, Japan

Pedro J. Salinas, Universidad De Los Andes, Facultad De Ciencias Forestales, Depto De Conservacion, Merida, Venezuela

Soelaksono Sastrodihardjo, Department of Biology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia

Sudarwohadi Sastrosiswojo, Lembang Research Institute for Horticulture, Jalan Tangkubanparahu 5 17, Lembang, West Java, Indonesia

Sumatra, Indonesia

Philippines at Los Banos, College, Laguna 3720, Philippines

Agriculture, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464, Japan

0. Box 933, Manila, Philippines

of the Philippines at Los Banos, College, Laguna 3720, Philippines

Station, Rokumanbu, Kuki-Shi, Saitama 346, Japan

Ogasa-Gun, Shizuoka-Ken, Japan

Tiga, Selangor, Malaysia

Hyogo 665, Japan

Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

0. Box 1510, Bangkok, Thailand

0. Box 328, Bangkok 10501, Thailand

P. 0. Box TO-98, College, Laguna, Philippines

Metro Manila 31 17, Philippines

Belgium

Participants 443

K. Schluter, Bayer (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., Maxwell Road, P. 0. Box 3019, Singapore 9050 Y. Shinbo, Agricultural Chemicals Division, Sanyo Trading Company Ltd., C. P. 0.

Annamalai Sivapragasam, Laboratory of Applied Entomology and Nematology, Faculty

Dandi Soekarna, Bogor Research Institute for Food Crops, Jalan Cimanggu, Kecil 2,

P. Spiess, Research and Development Insecticides, Ag 2.72, Ciba-Geigy Ltd., CH-4002

Chih Yeong Su, Kaohsiung District Agricultural Improvement Station, Pingtung, Taiwan,

Tsong Hong Su, Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University,

Wen Ying Su, Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute,

C. N. Sun, Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung,

Shigeru Suzuki, Research and Development Department, Agriculture, Ciba-Geigy Japan,

Abdul Rahman Syed, MARDI, Tanah Rata, Cameron Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia Hisami Takeda, Sumitomo Chemical Company Ltd., 2-1, 4-Chome, Takatsukasa,

N. S. Talekar, AVRDC, P. 0. Box 42, Shanhua, Tainan 74103, Taiwan, ROC Chi Cheng Tan, Chia Tai Enterprise Company Ltd., 4th F1, 3, Lane 120, Hsin Shen

B. M. Thistleton, Kuk Agricultural Research Station, P. 0. Box 339, Mount Hagen,

Jean Pierre Trijau, Roussel Uclaf, 163 Avenue Gambetta, 75020 Paris, France Y. Y. Tsai, International Engineers (Taiwan) Corporation, P. 0. Box 1507, Taipei,

Taiwan, ROC Phaichayont Ucharatna, T. J . C. Chemical Co. Ltd., 97 Rajadamri Road, Prathumwan,

Bangkok 10500, Thailand Anan Vattanatangum, Division of Entomology and Zoology, Department of Agriculture,

Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkhen, Bangkok 10900, Thailand Shung Shiang Wang, Taoyuan District Agricultural Improvement Station, Hsinchu,

Taiwan, ROC Eizaburo Watanabe, Nippon Uclaf K. K., 4, Nihonbashi Honcho, 4-Chome, Chuo-ku,

Tokyo 103, Japan Stephen Watt, MSD-AGVET, 1401 Guardian House, 32 Oi Kwan Road, Hongkong Peter Weber, Bayer Thai Company Ltd., 130/1 Sathorn Road, Bangkok 10500, Thailand Wilson Wei, Union Carbide Formosa Ltd., P . 0. Box 17-94, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC A. Whipp, Roussel Uclaf, Liat Towers, 19th Floor, 541 Orchard Road, Singapore 0923 Neil Wilding, Entomology Department, Rothamsted Experiment Station, Harpenden,

Robert Yeh, Procida-Roussel Uclaf Group Representative Office in Taiwan, 225 (8F-1)

Jin Young Yoon, AVRDC, P. 0. Box 42, Shanhua, Tainan, 74103, Taiwan, ROC

Box 1281, Tokyo, Japan

of Agriculture, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464, Japan

P. 0. Box 368 Boo, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia

Basel, Switzerland

ROC

Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

Taiwan, ROC

10-66 Miyuki-Cho, Takarazuka Shi, Hyogo-Ken 665, Japan

Takarazuka, Hyogo 665, Japan

South Road, Section 1, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

W.H.P., Papua New Guinea

Herts, AL5 2JQ, England, UK

Ming Sheng 2nd Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC

Author Index

Abbott, W. S. 248, 254, 273,

Abd-Elghafar, S. F. 377 Abdel-Sattar, M. M. 355 Abe, H. 81 Abo-Elghar, M. R. 377 Abraham, E. V. 5 5 , 58, 59,

60, 64, 65, 67, 68, 73, 159, 167

277, 374, 376

Adashkevich, B. 166, 167 Adiputra, I . M . G. 193, 313 Adkisson, P. L. 434 Adler, V. E. 108 Adlung, K. G. 261, 263 Agpad, E. A. 428, 432 Aguda, R . M. 255 Agui, N. 89, 94 Ahmed, S. 254 Ajarillo, B. V. 434 Alcala-Carilo, E. 253, 255 Alcantara, J . A. 430, 432,

433, 434 Ali, M. M . 286 Alyoshina, 0. A. 230 Andaloro, J . T. 135, 136, 230 Anderson, R. M. 169 Anderson, T. J . 164, 167 Ando, T. 53, 110, 118, 121 Andrews, P. L. 220, 221, 223,

Ang, M. H. 28, 32 Ankersmit, G. W. 20, 22, 38,

40, 5 5 , 60, 159, 167, 192, 193, 314, 322, 338, 344, 347, 355

Aoki, J . 93, 95, 220, 222, 223, 225, 231, 232

Apajirakul, T. 357 Aquino, G. B. 322 Arceo, M. B. 322 Arevalo, I. S. 23 Arretz, P. 23 Aruta, M. C . 220, 229 Asahina, S. 79, 80 Asakawa, M . 348, 355 Asayama, T. 205, 207, 208,

211, 212, 220, 224, 228, 229

Ascher, K. R. S. 259, 261, 263 Asperen, Van K. 121 Attia, F. I . 166, 168, 226, 230

224, 226, 229

Atwal, A. S. 65, 73, 145 Aubart, C . 230 AVRDC, 150, 151, 295 Awate, B. G. 70, 73, 74, 277

Babish, J . G. 135, 136 Backs, R . H. 60 Baharom, R. 29, 33 Bailey, B. K. 123 Bajet, C. M. 433 Baker, J . D. 356 Baker, P. B. 129, 135, 136 Baker, T. C. 103, 107, 108 Balasubramaniam, A . 195,

Banaog, A. F. 295 Barroga, S. F. 241, 248, 249,

254, 271, 277, 290, 295, 348, 355, 424, 425, 427, 428, 432, 434

Bartell, R. J . 123 Basheer, M. 65, 74 Batalla, M. P. 428, 432 Bathe, P. A. 203 Bautista, 0. K. 433 Becher, H. M. 257, 263, 265,

269, 271, 276 277 Becker, M. 159 Becker, P. 257, 261, 263, 267,

269, 271, 277 Beingolea, C. 424, 432 Bennett, F. 171 Bennett, F. D. 61, 161, 164,

165, 166, 167, 170, 184 Berger, R. S. 89, 94 Bertels, A. 21, 22 Bhalla, 0. P. 5 5 Biache, G. 225, 229 Biever, K. D. 19, 22, 89, 91,

94, 220, 221, 223, 224, 226, 229

203, 282, 287

Bigley, W. S. 111, 121 Birch, L. C. 390, 394 Blamble, A. E. 136, 142 Bliss, C. I . 266, 269 Bogavac. M. 183 Boldt, P. E. 19, 22, 89, 91, 94 Bolter, C. J . 8, 14 Bondar, G. 21, 23 Bonnemaison, L. 60 Boodley, J . W. 136

Borcan, I. 5 5 , 60 Bourquin, F. 21, 23 Boza Barducci, T. 29, 32 Bradley, J . D. 83, 87, 88 Brady, U . E. 103, 108 Brand, J . M . 108 Brathwaite, C . W. D. 61, 171,

Bretherton, R. F. 78, 80 Brethes, J. 21, 23 Brett, C. H. 129, 130, 136,

137, 142 Broodley, J . W. 130 Brunner, E. 213 Brussard, P. F. 121 Buholzer, F. 290, 295 Bunting, B. 29, 32 Buranday, R. P. 70, 73, 149,

150, 151, 427, 432 Burgerjon, A. 223, 224, 225,

229 Burges, H . D. 166, 167, 230,

232 Busvine, J . R . 315, 322 Butani, D. K. 271, 277 Butts, R. A. 129, 136

184

Caasi, M. T. 247, 251, 253,

Cadapan, E. P. 425,427,428,

Calderon, J . I . 289 Callejas, E. E. 430, 433 Calora, F. B. 428, 432, 434 Campos, L. E. 23 Cantwell, G. E. 382, 386 Capco, S. R . 159, 167 Caramancion, M . I . 423, 434 Carde, R. T. 103, 107, 118,

120, 121, 123 Cardenas, R. 23 Carillo, L. R. 229 Carino, F. A. 242, 247, 253,

254, 430, 432 Casida, J . E. 265, 269, 368,

371, 375, 376 Cass, L. M. 8, 14, 60 Cedana, S. M. 432 Chaboussou, F. 202, 203 Chacko, M. J . 65, 73 Chalfant, R . B. 130, 136, 137,

254

432, 433, 434

446 Author Index

Chalfant, R. B. 142, 315, 322, 406, 412

Chand, P. 64, 74 Chang, F. 110, 121 Chang, L. C . 183, 338, 344,

415, 417, 418, 420, 421 Chant, D. A. 164, 170 Chant, K . E. F. 164 Chapman, R. K . 129, 136,

137, 138, 143, 231 Chavalitwoongporn, P. 31 1 Chawla, R. P. 71, 74 Cheldelin, I . H . 1 1 1 , 123 Chelliah, S. 63, 322 Chen, B. S. 24 Chen, C. N. 146, 151, 415,

416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 42 1

Chen, J . 107 Chen, J . S. 269, 359, 363,

367, 368, 369, 371, 377 Chen, K . H . 345 Chen, L. T. 338, 345 Cheng, E. Y . 55,60, 118, 121,

329, 332, 338, 339, 344, 348, 352, 354, 355

Cherian, M . C. 65, 74 Cherrett, J . M. 171 Chi, H. 92, 94, 278, 338, 344,

Chi, S. C. 121 Chiang, H . C. 41, 5 5 , 61, 193 Chien, C. C. 121, 183 Chien, T. 344 Chiesa-Molinari, 0. 21, 23 Chin, D. 146, 151, 417, 418,

Chin, T. 59, 60, 159, 167 Chisholm, M. D. 110, 118,

Chiu, C. I . 421 Chiu, S. C. 121, 182, 183,

416, 420 Choi, F. I . 31, 32 Chong, W. C. 33, 217, 231 Chou, K . C. 183 Chou, T. M. 332, 344, 348,

352, 355 Choudhary, R. 64, 74 Chow, H . T. 434 Chow, Y . S. 103, 104, 106,

107, 108, 109, 110, 1 1 1 , 118, 121, 122

Chua, T. H . 26, 27, 32, 173, 182, 183

Chuo, S. K . 167, 215, 217, 271, 277

357, 421

420

120, 121, 123

CIBC 22, 23 CIE 63, 74, 159, 160, 167,

219, 229, 379, 386 Clarke, R. S. 217 Clearwater, J . R. 103, 105,

Cock, M. J . W. 162, 167 Collins, M. A. D. 286 Cook, M. T. 22, 23 Corbet, S. A. 105, 108 Corbett, G. H. 26, 29, 32,

Costa-Lima, A . M. 21, 23 Couch, T. L. 228, 230 Creighton, C. S. 137, 142,

227, 229 Curtis, J . 78, 80

Dauterman, W. C . 353, 356, 361, 371

Davis, A. C. 136 Davis, B. J . 111, 122 Dawood, A. S. 376 De Barjac, H. 226, 229 De Jong, B. J . 286 De Los Reyes, L . 428, 434 Dean, D. H. 231 DeBach, P. 160, 165, 167,

202, 203 Decena, A. 251, 253, 255 Del Fierro, R. 247, 254 Delong, D. M. 405, 412 Delucchi, V . 176, 180, 183 Denton, W. H. 322 DePury, J . M. S. 164, 170 Deshmukh, S. N . 71, 74 Devriendt, M. 226, 230 Dibyantoro, A. H . 40, 194,

323 Dickson, M. H. 129, 132,

135, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143

107

173, 183

Dillard, C . 122 Dittrich, V . 202,203, 362, 371 Dube, R. B. 64, 74 Dubey, J . K . 5 5 Duel, D. H . 280, 286 Dunn, J . A. 137, 142 Durrant, J . H. 83, 88 Dutt, G. R. 59, 60 Dworkin, D. M. 286

Eberhard, B. 164, 167 Eckenrode, C . J . 129, 132,

136, 137, 138, 141, 142, 143, 227, 230

Edwards, W. H. 22, 23

El-Guindy, M. A. 354, 355 El-Refai, A . R. M. 355 El-Sebae, A. H. 373, 376 Elton, C. S. 165, 167 Eroles, D. 348, 356, 428, 434 Eroles, L. C . 249, 255, 430,

ESA 314, 322 Esguerra, N. M. 425, 427,

432, 434 Eto, M. 371 Eveleens, K . G. 40, 161, 167,

170, 186, 187, 189, 192, 194, 313, 323

432

Fabellar, L. T. 322 Falcon, L. A. 432 Fang, J . L. 5 5 , 58, 60 Fargues, J . 223, 225, 230 Farnham, A. W. 373, 376 Farvar, M. T. 32 Feng, H. T. 278, 357 Ferkovich, S. M. 119, 122,

Ferrolino, S. M. 433 Ferrolino-Calumpang, S. 430,

Finney, D. J . 248, 254, 315,

Fletcher, T. B. 63, 74, 87, 88 Fojas, F. R. 255 Fook, J . L. 105, 108 Franklin, B. A. 382, 386 French, R. A. 78, 80, 150,

151, 160, 167, 219, 230 Frisbie, R. E. 432 Fujikura, Y . 394 Fujiyoshi, N. 104, 108 Fukuda, S. K . 412 Funasaki, G. Y . 403

123

432

322, 374, 376

Gabriel, B. P. 425, 427, 428, 432, 433

Gandhale, D. N . 70, 73, 74, 271, 277

Garcia, C. 230 Garcia, F. 23 Garnaga, N . G . 166, 168 Georghiou, G. P. 347, 348,

354, 355, 356, 373, 377 Ghesquiere, J . 164, 168 Gijswijt, M . J. 276, 278 Gill, G. S. 70, 75, 220, 221,

Glass, E. H. 432 Gonzaga, F. G . 429, 433 Gonzalez, M. S. 229

223, 224, 232

Gonzalez, R. H . 20, 21, 23 Goodwin, S . 161, 162, 168 Gothilf, S . 103, 105, 108 Gowda, J . V . N . 69, 74 Gradwell, G . R. 9, 12, 15 Grainge, M. 241, 242, 243,

244, 245, 246, 254 Grant, G. G. 103, 106, 107 Griggs, T. D. 305, 306, 344,

Grist, D. H. 26, 33 Guevarra, M . M. 428, 433 Guh, S . W. 122 Gunawan, B. 38, 40 Gunn, D. 164, 168 Gupta, B. M . 68, 74 Gupta, J . C. 164, 168 Gupta, P. D. 132, 136, 150,

151, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 250, 254, 425, 433

433

Gurning, T. M. 189, 193 Guyer, W. 283, 286

Hajjar, N . P. 265, 269 Hall, R. A. 228, 230 Hama, H. 305, 348, 349, 352,

356, 397 Hamilton, J . T. 161, 166,

168, 226, 230 Hammann, J . 265, 269, 276,

277 Harcourt , D. G. 3, 4, 5,

7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 18, 19, 55, 58, 60, 79, 80, 91, 94, 129, 136, 146, 149, 151, 159, 165, 168, 182, 183, 188, 193, 407, 412

Hardy, J . E. 25, 32, 63, 74, 159, 160, 168, 219, 221, 230

Hare, C. J . 289 Hargreaves, H. 164, 168 Harper Gray, R . A. 78, 80 Harris, F. A. 193 Harris, W. V . 164, 168 Harrison, R. G. 121 Harvey, T. L. 226, 230 Hassanein, M. H . 159, 164,

Hassell, M. P. 15 , 169, 176,

Hayashi, K. 79, 80 Hayman, B. I . 140, 142 Hearn, A. B. 432 Heinrichs, E. A. 314, 322 Henderson, M . 29, 32, 159,

168

180, 183

Author Index

Henderson, M. 168, 174, 183,

Hendricks, D. E. 103, 108 Heong, K. L. 32, 184, 357 Hillyer, R. J . 18, 23 Hirai, K. 103, 108 Hirano, M. 334, 341, 344 Ho, H. S . 415, 420 Ho, S . H. 271, 278, 373, 376 Ho, T. H. 26, 27, 28, 29, 32,

58, 60, 159, 168, 173, 183, 227, 230, 271 278, 282, 286, 289, 295, 347, 356

195, 203

Holdaway, F. G . 409, 412 Holtmann, H . 261, 263 Hommes, M. 262, 263 Hori, K . 77, 80 Horne, W. T. 22, 23 Hou, R. F. 89, 90, 91, 94 Howell, D. E. 226 Hsiao, J . F. 420, 421 Hsiao, J . H . 89, 90, 91, 94 Hsiao, M. L. 91, 94 Hsu, C. L. 121 Hsu, S . C. 146, 151, 417, 420 Hsu, S . J . 159, 168 Huang, S . W. 145, 356, 377 Hudaya, M. S . 39, 40 Huffaker, C. B. 165, 168,

169, 202, 203 Hulme, D. C. 78, 80 Hunter, D. K. 231, 232 Hurst, G. M. 78, 81 Hussan, A. K. 31, 32 Hussey, N . W. 166, 167, 228,

Hutabarat, A. M . 216, 217 Hutabarat, D. 39, 40 Hutson, D. H . 356 Huynh V u , N . 121 Hwang, C. T. 417, 421 Hylin, J . W. 254

230

Ibrahim, H . 226, 230 Ibrahim, Y. 33, 184, 357 Ibrahim, Y. B. 217, 231 ICZN 83, 88 Ignoffo, C. M. 223, 225, 228,

230 Iman, M . 313 Inagaki, I. 21 1, 220, 224, 229 Inagaki, N . 208 I R R l 149, 151 Isarangkul, A. 311 Ishii, T. 93, 94, 120, 122 Itoh, T. 373 Ivers, D. M. 432

447

Jack, R . W. 164, 168 Jacobson, M . 106, 108, 242,

243, 244, 245, 246, 254 Jagan Mohan, N . 69, 74 Janarti, P. L. 37, 40 Jangi, M . S. 226, 230 Javier, P. A. 245, 247, 254,

Jay, D. L . 223, 224, 23 I , 232 Jayanth, K. P. 59, 60, 66, 67,

68, 71, 75, 181, 183 Jayaraj, S. 69, 70, 75 Jayarathnam, K . 64, 65, 66,

67, 71, 74 Jayarathnam, S. 68 Jensen, R. L. 405, 413 Jepson, W. F. 4 , I S Jinks, J . L. 142 Joshi, F. L . 59, 60, 68, 74 Jotwani, M. G. 277 J P P A 300, 303, 304, 305 Jusoh, M. 31, 32 Jutsum, A. R . 286

430, 433

Kadir, H. B. A . 230 Kadosawa, T. 108 Kakinohana, H. 53 Kaka, R . L . 71, 74 Kanervo, V. 220, 221, 222,

Kao, C . H. 344, 355 Kao, H. W. 226, 230 Karel, A. K . 149, 151 Kasamatsu, K . 373 Katenoothi, U . 311 Kato, K. 43, 44, 48, 53, 302,

Kawachi, K. 373 Kawai, H . 94, 356 Kawasaki, K . 43, 44, 45, 46,

47, 49, 53, 93, 94, 95,

Kelderman, W. 26, 28, 162,

Kelsey, J . M. 220, 221, 222,

Kempton, D. P. K. 137, 142 Kennett, C. E . 165, 168 Keswani, C. L. 151 Khoo, C . K. 279 Khristova, E. 159, 168 Khurana, A. D. 61, 76 Kilin, D. 194 Kim, J . H . 137, 142 Kiritani, K . 79, 80, 95, 356,

Kishaba, A. N . 108

230

305

108, 122, 123

169, 196, 203

226, 230

3 94

448 Author Index

Kishimoto, R. 79, 80 Klun, J . A . 118, 120, 122 Knox, D. A. 386 Ko, L. T. 5 5 , 58, 60 Ko, W. W. 27, 32, 162, 169,

183, 196, 203 Kohyama, Y . 263, 265 Kok, P. F. 29, 30, 33, 5 5 , 61,

174, 184, 195, 204, 219, 231, 271, 278, 348, 357

Kono, Y . 362, 371 Kopvillem, Kh. G. 160, 166,

Kortenbach, J . A . M. 286 Koshihara, T. 43, 50, 53, 92,

93, 94, 95, 1 10, 118, 120, 121, 122, 123, 125, 297, 305

Kou, R. 121 Kramer, H. H. 138, 143 Krieg, A. 225, 230 Krishnaiah, K. 69, 70, 74 Krishnakumar, N . K. 68, 69,

Krishnamoorthy, A. 71, 74 Krishnamurthy Rao, B. H . 74 Kubota, A . 94, 122 Kuffaker, C. B. 160 Kumar, K . K. 69, 75 Kumar, V . 166, 169 Kung, K. S. 421 Kutsenin, B. A. 145, 151 Kuwahara, M. 351, 356 Kuwano, E. 371

168

74, 75

Lagunes, A. 356 Lai, P. Y. 403, 404, 412 Laing, J . E. 8, 14 Lakan-llaw, E. B. 433, 435 Lakhani, D. A. 151 Lakon, G. 220, 231 Laksana, L. 38, 39, 40 Lakshmi Narayana, K . 74 Lal, R . 69, 75 Lall, K. B. 59, 60 Langenbruch, G. A. 225, 230

‘Lappa, N . V . 230 Larson, R. H. 203 Latge, J. P. 228, 231 Lee, B. H . 278, 376 Lee, B. S. 184, 357 Lee, H . S. 344, 415, 417, 421 Lee, H. Y. 58, 60, 159, 169 Lee, S. L. 338, 344, 348, 349,

Lee, S. T. 24, 145, 146, 151, 356

417, 418, 421

Lee, W. L. 349 Lee, W. T. 338, 344, 348, 356,

Lehnert, T. 386 Lempke, B. J . 78, 80 LeRoux E. J . 13, 14 Leu, F. M. 417, 421 Liang, T. T. 344 Libby, J . L. 231 Lim, B. H. 26, 27, 32, 182,

183 Lim, G. S. 27, 28, 29, 30, 31,

32, 33, 159, 162, 166, 169, 174, 183, 184, 195, 196, 203, 279, 286, 348, 356

359

Lim, J . L. 279 Lim, K. P. 32, 174, 183 Lim, T. M. 184, 357 Limon, R. F. 277 278 Lin, J . 129, 131, 133, 136,

137, 142, 143 Lin, S. C. 344 Lin, S. P. 420, 421 L i n , Y . M . 103, 110, 111, 112,

118, 121, 122 Lin-Chow, S. H . 107 Lincoln, C. 193 Liquido, N . J . 427, 433 Liu, D. S. 415, 420 Liu, H. 416, 417, 421 Liu, M. Y . 5 5 , 60, 92, 93, 94,

269, 271, 278, 332, 333, 344, 348, 352, 353, 354, 356, 363, 364, 365, 366, 367, 371, 373, 376, 377

Lloyd, D. C. 174, 182, 183, 233

Locher, F. J . 202, 203 Loke, W. H. 184 Lokki, J . 78, 80 Lorimer, R. I . 78, 80 Lowe, B. A . 29, 33 Luckey, T. D. 202, 203 Luetkemeier, N . 371 Lumaban, M. D. 428, 433 Lutton, G. G. 231

Maa, C. J . W. 79, 80, 109, 110, 1 1 1 , 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 119, 120, 122

Maa, Y . M. 112 Mabesa, R. C. 433 Mackenzie, J . M. B. 78, 80 Maeda, M. 47, 53 MAFF 299, 305

Magallona, E. D. 277, 278, 289, 295, 423, 424, 426, 427, 428, 429, 430, 431, 433, 434, 435

Maghanoy, 0. 247, 255 Mahunka, S. 81 Main, A. R. 361, 371 Mallari, V . C. 433 Mallari, V . C. J r . 435 Malmstrom, K. K. 80 Manalastas, E. 433 Mani, M. 71, 74 Manjunath, T. M. 65, 74, 76 Mann, H. B. 111, 123 Manti, I. 313 Marchal, M. 223, 225, 231 Margheritis, A. E. 21, 23 Marks, E. P. 280, 286 Marsh, H. 0. 160, 169 Martin, P. A. W. 231 Martouret, D. 230 Martouret, M. 226 Mason, W. R. M . 404, 412 Matsumura, T. 298, 305 Matsunaka, S. 356 Matthews, L. J . 432 Maxwell, F. G. 193 May, R. M. 164, 169 Mayer, M. S. 108, 123 McFadden, T. L. 142, 227,

McGaughey, W. H. 214, 217 McHugh, J . J . J r . 403, 404,

Medina, J . R. 425, 429, 433,

Mellon, R. B. 347, 355 Mendenhall, W . 1 1 1 , 123 Messenger, P. S . 192, 194,

Metcalf, R. L. 193, 194, 354,

Michael, A . S. 386 Miles, H . W. 78, 80 Milner, R. J . 228, 231 Milsum, J . N . 26, 29, 32, 33 Milton, J . P. 32 Mitchell, W. C. 254 Miyashita, K . 108 Miyata, A. 77, 80 Miyata, T. 93, 94, 305, 347,

348, 353, 354, 356, 361, 371, 397

Mo, T. T. 5 5 , 60 Mohamad, R. 33 Mohamad, R. B. 215, 217,

227, 231

229

412

434

204

356

Author Index 449

Mohamad, R. Y. 29 Mohammed, I. 138, 143 Moll, H. A. J . 323 Morallo-Rejesus, B. 241, 243,

247, 248, 249, 251, 253, 254, 255, 271, 277, 348, 355, 356, 428, 430, 431, 432, 434

Moresto, S. C. 295 Morgan, W. C. 59, 60 Moriuti, S. 83, 87, 88 Morris, R. F. 5, 15 Morstatt, H. 164, 169 Motoyama, N. 353, 356 Mott, D. G. 1 1 , 15 Muggeridge, J . 159, 160, 161,

Mulder, R. 276, 278 Munroe, E. 121 Murdoch, W. W. 165, 169 Murthy, K . S. R. K . 70, 74 Mutphy, S. D. 356 Mutuura, A. 121

Nagarkatti, S. 59, 60, 66, 67, 68, 71, 75, 165, 169, 181, 183

169

Naik, L . M. 73, 74, 277 Nakagome, T. 43, 44, 48, 53,

Nakahara, L. M. 403, 404,

Nakamura, K. 94, 122 Nakayama, I . 373 Napompeth, B. 409, 412 Narayanan, K . 70, 75 Nassar, M. E. 377 Navasero, R. C. 433 Ndunguru, B. J . 151 Nemny, N. E. 259, 261, 263 Nemoto, H . 93, 94, 95, 122,

347, 356, 387, 390, 391, 3 94

302, 305

412

Neumann, R. 283, 286 Ng, K. Y . 29, 32, 227, 230 Ng, S. M. 33, 287, 357 Nickel, J . L . 149, 151 Nishida, R. 103, 108 Nishida, T. 409, 412 Nishii, R. 107 Nishimoto, R. K. 404, 412 NOAA 406, 412, 413 Nomura, K . 348, 357 Noppun, V . 303, 304, 305,

347, 348, 349, 352, 353, 354, 356, 357, 397

Northcote, D. H . 1 1 1 , 123

Oatman, E. R. 55, 60, 160,

Ocampo, T. A . 428, 434 Odum, E. P. 165, 169 Ogura, N. 94 Ohba, M. 223, 224, 231 Oka, I . N. 322 Okada, T. 108 Okada, Y. 371 Okawara, M. 94 Oku, T. 79, 81 Olay, L. P . 255 Oldeman, L. R . 188, 194 Oliver, J . E. 122 Ono, H . 95, 356, 394 Ooi, P . A. C. 25, 26, 27, 28,

29, 30, 31, 33, 59, 60, 162, 165, 166, 169, 173, 174, 179, 181, 182, 184, 195, 196, 203, 220, 226, 231, 279, 286

Oomen, P. A. 261, 263 Oppenoorth, F. J . 351, 357 Ormerod, E. A. 78, 81 Osaki, N. 53, 205, 211, 220,

224, 228, 229 Osal, A. 255 Otanes, F. Q. 425, 434 Otsuka, K . 403 Ozaki. K. 371

169

Padmanabhan, M. D. 55, 58, 59, 60, 64, 65, 67, 68, 73, 159, 167

Pagden, H. T. 26, 29, 32, 173, 183

Paguia, P . 253, 255 Pajarillo, B. V . 428 Palallo, K . 323 Palaniswamy, P . 121 Paller, E. 425, 434 Papendick, R. I . 167 Papierok, B. 228, 230 Paramonov, S. 145, 151 Paranjothi, G. 70, 75 Pardede, D. B. 319, 322 Parker, F. D. 165, 169 Patel, C. B. 75 Patel, H . K . 59, 60, 65, 75 Patel, M. B. 75 Patel, R. C. 76 Patel, V . C. 59, 60, 65, 75 Patil, A. S. 73, 74, 277 Patil, S. P. 64, 65, 75 PDAF 344, 359, 371,416,421 Pelham-Clinton, E. C. 83, 88 Pemberton, C. E. 160, 169

Pena, A. 18, 19, 22, 23 Perez, D. C. 428, 434 Perrin, R. M. 286 Pescador, M. L. 432 Phelps, R. H. 61, 171, 184 Pickin, S. 322 Pimentel, D. 129, 136, 137,

143, 164, 165, 170 Plapp, F. W. Jr. 1 1 1 , 121,

315, 322, 373, 377 Platner, G. R. 55, 60, 160,

169 Podoler, H. 9, 15 Pokharkar, R. N . 64, 65, 75 Polania, I. Z. 23 Posada, L. 21, 23 Post, L . C. 280, 286 Prasad, S. K . 59, 60, 67, 75 Prasad, V . G. 74 Priesner, 108 Prokic-Immel, R. 263, 263,

277 Purrini, K . 220, 222, 23 1, 232 Putnam, L. G. 12, 15, 135,

136, 181, 184

Quebral, F. C. 423, 434

Radcliffe, E. B. 129, 136, 137, 138, 143

Radwan, H . S. A. 377 Rajamohan, N. 69, 70, 75 Ramachander, P. R. 74 Ramasubbaiah, K. 69, 75 Ramzan, M. 75 Ranasinghe, L . E. 373, 377 Rao, K . P. G. 74 Rao, V . P. 65, 75 Raros, R. S. 70, 73, 149, 150,

151, 427, 428, 432, 433 Rasco, E. 426, 434 Rathore, Y . S. 61 Rautapaa, J . 231 Rawat, P. R. 55, 61 Read, S. M. 1 1 1 , 123 Regupathy, A. 69, 75 Reisinger, 0. 230 Retuerma, M. L. 428, 434 Reyes, T. M. 247, 253, 255,

Reynolds, H . T. 424, 434 Ripper, W. E. 387, 394 Riskallah, M. R. 373, 377 Ritchie, A. H . 164, 170 Rizzo, M. F. E. 21, 23 Robbins, M. L. 142, 229 Robert, P . 230

430, 433, 434

450 Author Index

Robert, R. 223, 225, 231 Robertson, P. L . 26, 33, 35,

40, 159, 160, 161, 170, 182, 184, 220, 221, 222, 23 1

Roelofs, W. L. 107, 110, 119, 120, 121, 123, 125

Roelofs, W. 0. 108 Roer, H. 81 Rogers, D. 9, 15 Rogers, D. J . 12 Rose, E. 257, 263, 271 Rose, R. I. 226, 230, 232 Ru, N . 55, 61 Rudd, R. L . 165, 170 Rudd, W. G. 405, 413 Rushtapakornchai, W. 308,

Rusinov, V . I . 59, 61 Rutowski, R. L. 103, 108 Ruwaida, M . 33, 75, 184, 195

Sachan, J . N . 55, 59, 61, 67,

Sagar, G. R. 171 Sagenmueller, A . 257, 263,

27 1 Said, A. 216, 217, 317, 323 Saito, 0. 81 Saito, T . 94, 305, 347, 354,

356, 371 Sakai, H. 371 Sakai, M. 297, 300, 305, 306 Sakanoshita, A. 45, 53 Saldarriaga, A . 23 Saliman, S. A. 376 Salinas, P. J . 17, 18, 19, 20,

Sanchez, F. F. 428, 434 Sanchez, P. A. 167 Sandhu, G. S. 68, 69, 75 Santa, H . 108 Santoro, R. 22, 24 Santos, A. C. 253, 255 Santos, G. A . 255 Santoso, P. 40 Saramma, P. U . 71, 74 Sarode, S. V. 69, 75 Sasaki, Y . 351, 355, 357, 371 Sastrodihardjo, S. 35, 40,

185, 187, 188, 194 Sastrosiswojo, S. 185, 189,

190, 193, 194, 316, 322 Sato, Y . 371 Sawyer, H . W . 224, 231 Saxena, D. K . 61 Scheaffer, R. L . 123

311, 312

68, 75

22, 23, 159, 160, 170

Schmutterer, H. 146, 151 Schonken, D. B. 28, 34, 220,

221, 222, 223, 224, 231 Schuster, D. J . 322 Seaman, W. L. 196, 203 Sears, M. K . 79, 81 See, D. 278, 376 Sekijima, Y. 394 Seymour, P. K . 129, 136 Shah, A. H. 69, 75 Sharma, J . C. 59, 60, 68, 74 Shaver, T . N. 103, 108 Shaw, M. W. 78, 81 Sheldrake, R. 130, 136 Shelton, A. M. Jr. 136, 230 Shibukawa, S. 394 Shiraki, T . 77, 80 Shorey, H. H. 103, 105, 108 Simmonds, F. J . 65, 75, 170 Sinchaisri, N . 348, 357 Singh, D. 64, 69, 75 Singh, P. 89, 95 Singh, S. P. 64, 75 Sirrenberg, W. 265, 269, 276,

Sison, P. 425, 434 Sitanggang, M. S. 314, 322 Situmorang, J . 313 Sivapragasam, A. 31, 32, 33,

70, 75, 183, 195, 279, 286 Sjamsuriputra, A. A. 38, 40 Smee, C. 164, 170 Smith, D. B. 79, 81 Smith, R. F. 195, 204, 432,

Sobligacion, M . B. S. 255 Soekarna, D. 193, 194, 313 Soenarso, 40, 194 Sonan, J . 415, 421 Soper, R . S. 228, 231 Southwood, T. R. E. 4, 12,

15, 165, 170 Sowa, B. A. 280, 286 Srinivasan, K . 63, 68, 69, 70,

71, 72, 74, 75, 150, 151 Srivastava, B. P. 55, 59, 61,

67, 68, 75 Stech, W. F. 119, 121, 123 Stehr, F. W. 192, 194 Stephen, W. S. 1 1 1 , 123 Stevens, P. F. E. 213 Stoewsand, G. S. 135, 136 Streibert, P. 203 Su, W. Y . 146, 151, 415, 416,

417, 418, 419, 420, 421 Subiana, I . 38, 39, 40 Subramanian, T . R. 75

277

434

Sudarwohadi, S. 35, 38, 40, 166, 170, 185, 186, 187, 189, 192, 193, 194, 216, 217, 313, 314, 317, 322, 323

Sudderuddin, K. I . 29, 30, 3 1, 32, 33, 55, 61, 166, 169, 173, 174, 184, 195, 204, 219, 231, 271, 278, 279, 286, 287, 348, 357

Sugaya, S. 373 Sugiyanto, T. 39, 40 Suhardi, A. 170 Sukarman, F. F. 38, 41 Sulladmath, U. V. 74 Sullivan, M. J. 129, 136, 137,

Suman, C. L. 74 Sun, C. N. 60, 79, 81, 92, 93,

94, 269, 271, 278, 338, 344, 347, 348, 349, 353, 354, 356, 357, 359, 363, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371, 375, 377

142

Sun, L. Y , 24 Suomalainen, E. 80 Suparta, L. 323 Superak, T. H. 138, 143 Suradinata, T. S. 38, 41 Suriaatmadja, R. E. 323 Sutherland, D. W. S. 160, 170 Sutisna, A. H. 322, 323 Sutomo, F. X. 39, 41 Suzuki, H. 80 Sweetman, H. L. 160, 170 Swingle, W. T. 243, 255

Tadiac, M. 183 Takahashi, K. 94, 122 Takahashi, N . 121 Takeda, H. 373 Takeda, K . Y. 412 Talekar, N. S. 17, 24, 145,

146, 151, 305, 306, 344, 417, 418, 421, 433

Tamaki, Y . 50, 53, 109, 121, I23

Tan, K . H. 31, 280, 286 Tan, T . H. 33 Tang, P. M. 415, 421 Tao, C. C. 338, 345, 415, 421 Tatty, S. 322 Taylor, C. E. 347, 355 Taylor, L. R. 418, 421 Taylor, T . H. C. 164, 170 Taylor, T . R. 119, 123 Tee S. P. 75

Author Index 45 1

Teh, P. C. 29, 33, 279, 287,

Tejada, A. W. 430, 433, 434,

Teng, H. J. 103 Teoh, C. H. 184, 357 Terriere, L. C. 111 , 122 Tetangco, L. F. 431, 435 Tetangco-Fabellar, L. D. 255,

Thaxter, R. 222, 231 Theobald, F. V. 78, 81 Thistleton, B. M. 162 Thompson, N. J . 432 Thompson, W. R. 162, 170 Thorsteinson, A. J . 18, 23,

25, 34, 132, 136, 150, 151, 251, 254, 425, 433

348, 353, 357

435

431, 434

Thygesen, T. 78, 81 Tien, C. M. 420, 421 Tierney, P. G. 123 Tinsley, T. W. 228, 230 Tjoa, T . M. 192, 194 Todd, D. H. 166, 170, 174,

181, 184 Tokairin, 0. 348, 357 Tolis, J . 432 Tomiyama, H. 93, 95, 220,

222, 223, 225, 231 Tonkyn, D. W. 169 Tonny, K . M. 319, 323 Trijau, J. P. 379 Triplet, C. B. 167 Tseng, Y. J . 94 Tsuboi, A. 371 Tumlinson, J . H. 108 Turnbull, A. L. 164, 170 Turuoka, Y. 79, 80 Tzeng, Y. J . 60, 278, 344,

356, 371, 376

Ullyett, G. C. 28, 34, 55, 61, 160, 164, 166, 170, 188, 194, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 231

Umeya, K . 43, 44, 48, 49, 53, 79, 81, 347, 357

Underhill, E. W. 121, 123 Utida, S. 357

Vail, P. V. 223, 224, 231, 232,

Valencia, S. L. 322 Van Asperen, K . 1 1 1 Van den Bosch, R. 192, 194,

Van der Oever, H. A. M . 40

24 1

204

Van der Vecht, J . 38 41 Van Emden, F. I . 164, 165,

166, 167 Van Emden, H. F. 167 Van Essen, F. 123 Vankova, J . 220, 222, 232 Varca, L. M. 433, 435 Varley, G . C. 9, 12, 15, 164,

170, 176, 180, 183 Varma, G. C. 70, 75, 220,

221, 223, 224, 232 Vattanatangum, A. 311, 312 Vawter, A. T. 121 Velasco, L. R. I . 220, 232,

277, 278, 295, 427, 429, 433, 435

Verma, A. N. 59, 61, 68, 69, 75, 76

Verma, N. D. 61, 76 Verma, S. 277 Vermeulen, H. 161, 167 Verzola, E. A. 433 Viado, G . B. 289, 295 Villareal, R . L . 434 Vincent, W. R . 286 Vinson, S. B. 315, 322 Vishakantaiah, M. 64, 76 Visweswara Gowda, B. L. 64,

76 Vos, H . C. C. A. A. 35, 41,

159, 161, 164, 166, 170, 174, 184, 185, 187, 188, 190, 194

Voss, G. 371 Vostrikov, P. 70, 76, 150, 151

Wackerly, D. D. 123 Wahl, R. 0. 164 Walker, J . C. 203 Walsingham, L. 83, 88 Wan, M. T . K . 26, 27, 34 Wang, C. J . 146, 151, 417,

4 20 Wang, C. L. 226, 232 Wang, J . R . 159, 168 Wang, S. H . 417, 418, 421 Warner, J . N . 138, 143 Watt, H. 164 Watt, K. E. F. 15, 171 Way, M. J . 164, 165, 166,

Weires, R. W. 41, 55, 61 Welling, W. 351, 357 Wen, S. C. 334, 345 Whipp, A. 379 White, J . H. 78, 80, 150, 151,

160, 167, 219, 230

170, 171

Whitney, D. R . 111, 123 Widjaja, W. 170 Wiegers, G. L. 261, 263 Wilding, N . 219, 228, 232 Wille, J . E. 22, 24 Williams, G . F. 165, 167 Williams, P. H. 196, 204 Wilsey, W. T . 136 Wilson, F. 161, 165, 171, 174,

Wilson, L. T. 432 Wirtz, W. 263, 269, 277 Wolff, N. L. 83, 88 Woodford, J . A. T . 313, 323 Workman, R. B. 55, 61, 322 Wright, D. P. Jr . 249, 255 Wu, K. C. 91, 95, 416, 417,

Wu, T. K. 269, 359

184

42 1

Yadav, C. P. S. 61 Yadav, D. N . 65, 67, 76 Yadav, P. R. 55, 58, 61 Yamada, H. 43, 44, 45, 46,

47, 48, 49, 50, 53, 79, 81, 92, 93, 94, 95, 110, 118, 120, 121, 122, 123, 125, 297, 302, 306, 347, 357

Yamada, K . 50 Yamaguchi, T. 50, 53 Yamamoto, M. 220, 232 Yamasaki, T. 351, 357 Yanagita, Y . 45, 53 Yang, H. C. 24 Yang, L. C. 104, 108 Yang, R. S. H . 371 Yarrow, W. H. T. 59, 61,

181, 184 Yaseen, M. 59, 61, 161, 164,

165, 166, 167, 171, 182, 184

Yasumatsu, K . 357 Yeh, R . 379 Yeoh, C. L. 361, 371 Yilng, Y. J . 122 Ying, Y . J . 115, 116, 122 Yoshida, S. 53 Yoshioka, K. 371 Young, J . R. 406, 412 Yunus, A. 282, 287 Yuwono, S. 35, 41

Zimmerman, E. C. 403, 413 Zimmermann, G. 220, 222,

Zwolfer, H. 164, 171 232

Subject Index

Abutilon pictum 244 Acalypha indica 243 Acanthaceae 242 Acephate, 215, 300, 303, 349

efficacy 229, 302, 308, 341, 342 recommendations 52, 99, 301, 302, 359 resistance 52, 303, 304, 348, 349, 350,

systemic activity 99 toxicity 249 use in Thailand 309 withholding period 301

351, 352

Acetylcholinesterase inhibition 361, 362, 367 Acrobracon hebetor 163 Acrolepia assectella 262 Action threshold 53, 185, 193, 315, 319 Activation threshold 120 Adult longevity 19, 27 Adults food source 408 Age specific fecundity 390 Ageratum conyzoides 241, 247, 248, 430 Ageratum indica 248 Agrona 309 Agrotis fucosa 207 Agrotis ypsilon 36, 185, 236 Aldrin 350 Allograpta obliqua 410 Alternate hosts 424, 425 Aminocarb 30 Anahita fauna 392 Anastatus sp 66 Angitia (Horogenes) 65 Angitia eucerophaga (see Diadegma

eucerop haga) Angitia fenestralis 22 A ngitia lateralis 16 1 Angitia leontiniae 21 Angitia maculipennis 427 Angitia sp 22, 161 Annona reticulata 242 Annona squamosa 242 Annonaceae 242 Antenna-excision method 104, 106 Antennal esterase, 109, 111, 112, 113

age dependence 111 electrophoresis 11 1 geographic variation 119 hydrolytic property 114 isozymes 111, 113, 119 paraoxon inhibition 119 polymorphism 112, 113, 114, 115

Antennal zymogram 109, 113, 114 Anthonomus grandis 259 Antibiosis 153 Antifeedant plants 247 Antrocephalus sp 163 Aohanogmus fijiensis 66 Apanteles aciculatus 163 Apanteles albipennis 163 Apanteles alexanderi 2 1 Apanteles fuliginosus 163 Apanteles halfordi 163 Apanteles ippeus 161, 163 Apanteles laevigatus 163 Apanteles limbatus 163 Apanteles plutellae, 22, 25, 27, 28, 31, 50, 55,

163, 235, 403, 405 alternate host 236 biological attributes 177 discovery in Malaysia 174 hyperparasites 182 incidence in India 59 insecticide effect 195 insecticide resistance 181 insecticide toxicity 71, 200, 201, 202, 236 introduction in Australia 161 introduction in Hawaii 404, 408 introduction in Malaysia 162 occurrence in India 63, 71 occurrence in Malaysia 196 parasitism 28, 173, 199, 203, 234, 335 parasitism in Hawaii 407, 408 parasitism in Malaysia 195, 196, 201 parasitism rate 66, 177, 179, 180, 181,

182, 202 seasonality 65, 66, 71 sex ratio 181 strain differences 437 use in IPM 183, 203

Apantelesw ruficornis 22 Apanteles ruficrus 163 Apanteles sicarius 163 Apanteles sp 65, 159, 163, 427 Apanteles vestalis 163 Aphid predators 410 Aphis gossypii 403, 410 Aphis nastartii 403 Aphytis holoxanthus 261 Aphytis lepidosaphes 202 Aphytis maculicornis 202 Apocynaceae 242 Araliacea 242

454 Subject Index

Arctosa subamylacea 392 Aristolochia elegans, 241, 247, 253

antifeedant 25 1, 252 Aristolochia tagala 241, 247, 251, 252 Aristolochiaceae 247 Aroideae 242 Arsenites 20, 38 Artemisia vulgaris 430 Artogeia rapae 129, 135, 137, 411, 420 Aseteraceae 241 Astereae 242 Attacus juvenile hormone 431 Atypus karschi 392 Autographa californica NPV 223, 224 Autographa nigrisigna 387 Azadirachta indica 244, 247 Azalea sp 243 Azinphos-ethyl 308

Bacillex (see Bt) Bacillus thuringiensis (see Bt) Bactospeine (see Bt) Balanites 246 Balanites aegyptica 246 Balsaminaceae 242 Banchau strain 353, 360, 361, 362, 365, 366,

Barbaria vulgare 4 Beauveria bassiana 223, 225, 228 Beauveria brongnartii 223, 225 Begonia pearcei 242 Begoniaceae 242 Bendiocarb 229 BHC 25, 29, 30, 31, 69, 350 Bimolecular rate constant 361, 362 Biological control, 165

implementation 234, 235 importance 160 in Indonesia 35, 36 in Venezuela 21 parasite diversity 165 parasite introduction 25

367

Bioresmethrin 30 Biotrol (see Bt) Biotypes 313 Birds predation 235 Blettia striata 245 Blumea balsamifera 241, 241, 248 Bombyx mori 207, 224 Botanical insecticides 325, 430 Boverin 225 BPMC 341, 351 Brachymeria excarinata 65, 66 Brachymeria phyta 163 Brachymeria sidnica 163 Brevyicoryne brassicae 5 1 Brumoides suturalis 4 10

Bt, 37, 189, 195, 213, 217, 225, 226, 314 acceptance 237 activity spectrum 213, 214 antagonism with insecticides 226 application interval 217 application rates 216 application timing 216 beta endotoxin 226 beta exotoxin 223 carbaryl mixture 419 chlordimeform mixture 229 CME 134 mixture 274 commercial products 237 commercial use 228 crop tolerance 2 14 cross resistance 370 crystal toxin 52 cypermethrin mixture 325 delta endotoxin 226 delta endotoxin 381 deltamethrin mixture, 379, 382, 383, 399

application time 386 cost effectiveness 384, 385 efficacy 384, 385, 386 optimum rate 384, 385, 386 trial 380 yield response 384

effect on beneficial arthropods 215 effect on environment 213, 214 effect on parasites 189, 183, 195, 196,

200, 202, 214, 216, 325 efficacy 199, 213, 226, 228, 237, 294,

310, 313, 321, 325 endotoxin 222, 223, 300, 301, 380 exotoxin 380 fenvalerate mixture 316, 325 forest pest control 214 formulation in Philippines 428 genetic engineering 228, 238 host plant effect 229 incubation period 214 infection 220, 228, 229 insecticide combination 229 larval stage effect 214 light effect 228, 382 methomyl mixture 419 mode of action 213 Pieris rapae control 229 pathology 223 persistence 229, 238 pest control in New York 229 recommendations 233, 302, 359 residue 213, 214 resistance 214, 226, 238, 360, 398 selectivity 237 serotype H-1 225, 226 serotype H-14 226

Subject Index 45 5

I

Bt, serotype H-3a/3b 225, 228, 380 serotype H-5 225 serotype H-6 225 serotype H-7 226 serotype HD-I 308 serotype I 237 serotype III 237 serotypes 38, 223, 225 spread 219, 228 synergism with insecticide 226 testing 316 testing procedure 3 15 tolerance limit 213 toxicity to Bombyx mori 226 toxicology 214, 215 toxin action 213 trials in Australia 217 trials in India 216 trials in Indonesia 216 trials in Malaysia 215 Trichoplusia ni control 229 use in Cape Verde 162 use in Hawaii 405, 406 use in India 63, 69, 70 use in IPM 234 use in Malaysia 29 use in Philippines 427, 428, 429 use in Taiwan 420 use in Thailand 307, 309, 310, 31 1 use in Venezuela 21 var aizawa 226 var galleriae 225 var istraeliensis 226 var kurstaki 225, 228, 308 var sutoxicus 225 var thuringiensis 225, 226 yield response 198, 215, 216, 229, 322

Bursa copulatrix 104, 105 Butacide 366 Buxaceae 242 Buxus sempervirens 242

Cabbage grading system 272 Cabbage looper (see Trichoplusia ni) Caesalpinia amboinicus 248 Caesalpinia pulcherrima 241, 247, 248 Caesalpiniaceae 247 Calopogonium 244 Cameron Highlands pesticide use 173 Campoletis sp 261 Camponotus sericeus 66, 71 Capsicum annum 430 Carbaryl, 138, 314

cross resistance 336, 369 efficacy 308, 310, 313, 332, 334 recommendation in Japan 300 resistance 241, 321, 340, 348, 349, 360,

Carbaryl, resistance 362, 364 toxicity to parasite 195, 196 use in India 69

cross resistance 336, 338, 362, 363, 365,

efficacy 332, 334, 342 recommendation in Taiwan 359 resistance 329, 334, 339, 340, 350, 352,

359, 360, 362, 364 synergism with PB 361 synergism with TBPT 361 use in India 69 use in Taiwan 420

Carbophenothion 68 Carbosulfan, 362

Carbofuran

369

cross resistance 362 resistance 362

Carboxyl esterases 353 Carpocapsa pomonella 258 Carpophilus hemipterus 259 Cartap 30, 300, 303

cross resistance 336, 340 efficacy 199, 275, 302, 308, 333, 334, 342 methomyl mixture 300 mode of action 300, 302 recommendation in Japan 300, 301, 302 recommendation in Taiwan 359 reference compound 274 resistance 241, 297, 329, 330, 335, 339,

348, 349, 352, 353, 360, 371, 397, 398

resistance factors 398 resistance in Japan 303, 304 resistance intensity 339 toxicity to parasites 195, 196, 199, 200,

use in insecticide resistance 371 use in Japan 52, 297 use in Philippines 428, 429 use in Thailand 309 withholding period 301 yield response 198

Caryophyllaceae 242 Caunaca annulatella 87 Caunaca incarnatella 87 Caunaca seniella 87 Caunaca sera 83, 84, 87 Cercopia juvenile hormone 43 1 Celastraceae 242 Ceraphron sp 28, 182 Cerostoma dubiosella 83 Cerostoma maculipennis 83 Chaetotaxy 84 Chelonus ritchiei 163 Chelonus sp 65 Chemical control 25, 29, 38, 403

201, 202

456 Subject Index

Chemosterilants 31 Chilo iridescent virus 224 Chilo suppressalis 398 Chinchona calisaya 245 Chitin synthetase 326, 370 Chlaeninus micans 50 Chlaenius sp 392 Chlorfenvinphos 69, 300, 301 Chlorfluazuron 280, 308, 309 Chlorothalonil 272 Chlorpyrifos

cross resistance 336 recommendation in Taiwan 359 resistance 349 use in India 69 use in Indonesia 314

resistance 349, 350 Chlorpyrifos-methyl, 300, 302, 349

Chlorvinphos 349 Choristoneura fumigerana 228 Chrysanthem um cinerariae folium 242 Chrysodeixis orichalcea 185 Cicindela japana 392, 393 Cissus rbombifolia 246 Citrullus colocynthis 243 Citrus aurantium 245 Clematis sp 245 Clusiaceae 243 CME 134 271 370

activity against adults 265, 267 activity against larvae 266 application rates 271 application timing 258, 260 Bt combination 274 chemical class 257 chemical structure 257 common name 257 contact toxicity 259, 325, 326 control efficacy 273 control efficiency 274 crop tolerance 27 1, 277 cross resistance 268 dose range 277 dose response 271, 274, 276 ecdysis 258 ecotoxicology 258 effect on development 265 effect on fecundity 257,268 effect on pupation 268 effect on reproduction 259, 265, 268, 269 efficacy, 263, 266, 267, 268, 273, 275,

276, 396 aphids 263 insecticide resistance 262, 265 Mamestra brassicae 261 Pieris brassicae 26 1 Pieris rapae 261

CME, efficacy, sucking insects 326 field tests 265, 266, 268, 271 formulation 257 in IPM 257 insecticide resistance 257 mammalian toxicity 262 mixture 325 mode of action 257, 258, 263, 326 mutgenicity 258 official trials 261 ovicidal activity 258, 259, 260, 262, 265,

267, 268 peak activity 277 produce quality 273, 275, 276 rain fastness 257, 260, 261, 262 reproduction inhibition 266 residue 257, 262, 275, 277, 326 residue study 262, 275 selectivity 262 spectrum 262 spray deposit 276 spray initiation 277 spray interval 271, 277 tank mixture 263 teratogenicity 258 toxicity, 257, 258

to honeybee 261 to natural enemies 262 to parasites 261 to predators 261 to spiders 261

toxicology 258 yield response 262, 263, 271, 273, 274,

275, 276 Cnaphalocrocis medinalis 260 Co-toxicity coefficient 354 Coccinella septempunctata 41 0 Coccophagus rusti 26 1 Coccygom im us n ippon icus 5 0 Coccygomitnus turionellae 261 Coleus amboinicus 247 Coleus sp 244 Columelliaceae 243, 247 Commelinaceae 243 Compoletis sp 163 Compositae 243 Control (DBM)

efficacy 380, 399 measure, in Japan 51 measure, irrigation 145 strategy, winter crucifer 420 threshold 315, 415, 419, 437, 438 clean cultivation 71 farmers’ education 32 on watercress 403 sensitive period 428

Convolvulaceae 243

Subject Index 457

Copulation 18 Cotesia plutellae (see Apanteles plutellae) Crocidolomia binotalis 36, 185, 236, 313, 316,

Cross resistance, 329, 347, 359 318

analysis 330, 338 carbamate and pyrethroids 397 carbofuran 336 cartap 336 characteristics 336 counter measures 380 definition 351 field strain 340 laboratory strain 340 OP and pyrethroids 362, 363, 397 O P insecticides 337, 338 pattern 354 pyrethroids 337 pyrethroids and OP 397 spectrum 351, 352, 353

cultivation in Japan 298, 299 cultivation in Philippines 423, 424, 425 cultivation zones in Thailand 307 pest complex in Japan 298

Crucifers

Cryptophlebia leucotreta 258 Cucumis sativus 243 Culex pipiens fatigans 373 Cultivar resistance, 132, 146, 426

breeding 135, 142 Chinese cabbage 145 inheritance 137, 138, 139, 141 insect biotype 153 leaf morphology 132 mechanism 132, 135, 140, 153 oviposition 132, 134, 153, 230 plant age effect 154 screening 130, 131, 134, 138, 142

Cultural control 234, 426 Cyanofenphos 341, 359

cross resistance 336, 337 efficacy 334, 342 resistance 339, 348, 349, 351, 360 use in Thailand 309

recommendation in Japan 302 recommendation in Taiwan 359 resistance 303, 304, 349, 350, 35 1, 352, 353

Cyanophos 300, 301

Cyclodienes 350 Cypermethrin 52, 353

Bt mixture 325 cross resistance 337, 338, 365, 368, 369 effect on parasites 193 efficacy 292, 294, 308, 318, 319, 324,

325, 334, 342 recommendation in Taiwan 359 resistance 339, 348, 352, 354, 360, 362, 363

Cypermethrin, resistance in Indonesia 3 14, 321 resistance intensity 339 selectivity 71 synergism with PB 366, 367 synergism with TBPT 365 synergism with TPP 365 testing 315, 316 use in India 70 use in Philippines 428, 429 yield response 322

Dahlia sp 243 Damage (by DBM)

characteristics 379, 415 characteristics in watercress 403 critical stage 289 in UK 219 index 196, 197, 291 insecticide treatment 198 rating 217, 292 threshold 31, 68, 71, 72 yield response 277

DBM =diamondback moth DBM literature 17 DBM-equivalent unit 419, 420 DDT 30, 219, 334, 348

ban in Taiwan 338 resistance, 25, 29, 241, 348, 350, 360

in India 71 in Java 38 in Malaysia 31 mechanism 347, 365

synergism with DMC 364, 365 synergism with PB 364, 365 use in Indonesia 38 use in Philippines 428 use in Venezuela 20

DDT-dehydrochlorinase 364 DDVP (see dichlorvos) DEF 353 Defoliation sensitive stage 419 Delphinium chinensis 245 Deltamethrin

antifeeding effect 382 biological characteristics 380 Bt mixture 379, 382, 383, 399

application time 386 cost effectiveness 384, 385 efficacy 381, 384, 385, 386 optimum rate 384, 385, 386 trials 380 yield response 384

cross resistance 336, 337, 338, 368, 369 efficacy 262, 284, 292, 294, 308, 310, 318,

hyperactivity effect 382 recommendation in Taiwan 359

319, 324, 332, 333, 334, 342

458 Subject Index

Deltamethrin, repellent effect 382, 383 resistance, 348, 352, 360, 379, 380

in Indonesia 314 in Philippines 429 intensity 339 counter measure 380 withholding effect 363

selectivity 71 synergism, with PB 366, 367

with TBPT 365 with T P P 365

testing 315 use in India 70 use in Indonesia 313 use in Philippines 428 429 use in Thailand 309 yield response 379

Demeton-S-methyl 226 Derris 30 38 Derris malaccensis 243 Derris philippinensis 24 1, 247 Development (DBM)

food quality effect 46 humidity effect 46 temperature effect 43, 44 temperature range 59, 63 temperature requirement 48, 50 temperature threshold 79 time 58

Diadegma armillata 163 Diadegma eucerophaga, 25, 28. 30, 31, 35,

36, 159, 161, 163, 165, 174, 185, 235 adaptation in Malaysia 173 biocontrol in Indonesia 191 biological attributes 177 development time 233 distribution factors 192 distribution in Indonesia 186, 187 distribution in Sumatra 190 distribution in West Java 190 effectiveness 161, 234 establishment, 182

in Indonesia 185, 187 in Sumatra 189 in West Java 188, 191

evaluation 173 hyperparasites 182 insecticide effect 187, 188, 191, 192, 193,

insecticide resistance 321 insecticide toxicity 37, 313, 319 introduction in Australia 161 introduction in Indonesia 185, 235 introduction in Malaysia 162, 174, 175 introduction in New Zealand 161 introduction in Sulaweshi 191 introduction in Sumatra 216

233, 234, 324, 325

Diadegma eucerophaga, introduction in Taiwan 155 killing power 178 parasitism 234

characters 181 in New Zealand 174 rate 176, 177, 179, 180, 181, 187,

188, 189, 191 searching ability 190 sex ratio 178 use in IPM 192, 234

alternate host 236 importation in Indonesia 185 incidence in India 59

hibernation 8 lifecycle 8 parasitism 12, 97

in Hawaii 408 parasitism in Canada 174, 182

Diadegma fenestralis, 5 5 , 159, 163, 165

Diadegma insulare, 3, 5 , 6, 7, 9, 1 1, 14

Diadegma insularis, 163, 165

Diadegma neocerophaga 163 Diadegma plutellae 163, 165 Diadegma rapi 161, 163 Diadegma sp 50, 135, 163 Diadegma sp in Venezuela 20 Diadegma varuna 163 Diadromus 50 Diadromus collaris 174 Diadromus erythrostomus 163 Diadromus plutellae 164 Diadromus sp 161 Diadromus subtilicornis 3, 5 , 6, 7, 8, 9, 1 1 ,

Diaglyptidea sp 66 Dialifor 349, 351 Dianthus sp 242 Diaoxathion 69 Diazinon, 17, 29, 30, 300, 403

12, 22, 164

aphid control 410 disulfoton mixture 300 efficacy 289, 334, 341, 342 recommendation 359 residue 404 resistance 25, 241, 348, 349, 350, 351,

toxicity 249 use in Hawaii 405, 406, 409, 412 use in India 69 use in Philippines 428 use in Venezuela 20, 21 withholding period 301

Dibrom 351 Dichlorvos 29, 30, 300, 303

352, 354, 360

efficacy 334, 341, 342 isoxation mixture 300, 301

Subject Index 459

Dichlorvos, persistence 99 phosalone mixture 300, 301 recommendation in Japan 302 recommendation in Taiwan 359 resistance 52, 241, 303, 304, 348, 349,

350, 351, 352, 353, 360, 362 synergism, with IBP 361

with PB 361 with TBPT 361

toxicity 99, 249 toxicity to parasite 71 trichlorfon mixture 300, 301 use in India 69 use in Japan 52 withholding period 301

Dieldrin 25, 29, 30, 350 Diet (DBM rearing)

composition 89, 90 feeding 91 insect development 91 insect survival 91 preparation 90, 91 semi-synthetic 89 usefulness 91

Diethquinalphion cross resistance 336, 337 efficacy 318, 319, 333, 341, 342 resistance intensity 339 testing 315

Diflubenzuron, 215 efficacy 229, 257, 279, 283, 284, 308 reference compound 274, 281 resistance 354 use in Thailand 309 yield response 274

aphicidal activity 302 Bt combinations 226 fenvalerate mixture 300, 301 recommendation in Taiwan 359 resistance 349, 350, 351 use in India 68

Dimethoate, 30

Dimethylvinphos 52, 300, 301, 349, 351 Dipel (see Bt) Discovery (of DBM) in Malaysia 173 Diseases in Cameron Highlands 28 Dispersal in field 39 Dispersal insect tagging 39 Distribution, 159, 160

in Japan 99 in Venezuela 17, 18

Disulfoton 301 DMC resistance 353 DMC synergism with DDT 364, 365 Draeculacephala minerva 403, 408, 409 Drino inconspicua 261 Dyschiriogtiatha quadrimaculata 392

Earliest DBM record 159 Economic injury level 315 Economic threshold 63, 67, 68, 71, 77, 326,

429, 438 Efficacy equation 374 Egg incubation 64 Egg morphology 57, 64 Elecroantennogram 106 Encarsia formosa 261 Endosulfan, 37

residue 404 resistance 350 toxicity to parasites 71 use in India 69

efficacy 289, 308 granulosis induction 207 resistance 25, 71, 350 toxicity to parasite 202 use in India 68, 69 use in Philippines 428

Endrin, 29

Entomogenous hyphomycetes 225 Entomophthora radicans 427 Entomophthora sphaerosperma 25, 27, 28, 31,

Entomophthora virescens 222 Entomophthoraceae 219, 220

Epilachna varivestis 259 EPN 290, 349, 350, 351 Epomis nigricans 392 Eran th is h yemalis 245 Ericaceae 243, Erynia blunckii, 219, 220, 223

conida, 222 disease characters 222 histopathology 225 pseudoconidia 222

221, 427

ENZ-1 310

Erynia radicans 427 Erynia virescens 222 Eserine 1 1 1 Esterases 353, 360, 368 Euonymus japonicus 242 Euphobiaceae 243 Euphorbia lathyris 243 Euphorbia poinsettiana 243 Euphorbia splendens 243 Eupteramalus 28 Eupteromalus sp 161 Eupteromalus viridescens 97 Eurytoma sp 66 Exacum sp 244

Fabaceae 243, 247 FAO standard bioassay 397 FAO/WHO residue limit 430 Fecundity, 13, 415, 417

460 Subject Index

Fecundity, density dependence 3, 12 determination 197 egg number 3, 13, 19, 25, 26, 56, 65 estimation 5 factors 19 food quality 13, 14, 46, 98 generation effect 6, 8, 10, 56, 57 in Taiwan 416 insecticide effect 201 photoperiod effect 8, 13, 65 role of lipids 98 seasonal effect 48 temperature effect 20, 43, 65 variations 3

Feeding habit 26 Feeding stimulant 25 Fenitrothion, 69, 349

cross resistance 336 resistance 71, 349, 350, 351

Fenpropathrin 359, 360 Fenthion 69 Fenvalerate, 30, 262

bioassay 374 Bt mixture 316, 325 cross resistance 336, 337, 338, 368, 369 dimethoate mixture 303 efficacy 268, 269, 302, 304, 318, 319,

324, 325, 334, 342 field test 375 field tests 374 malathion mixture 300, 301, 302, 303 mode of action 341 recommendation in Japan 297, 300, 301 recommendation in Taiwan 359 resistance, 329, 339, 348, 349, 350, 351,

352, 354, 359, 360, 373 in Indonesia 314, 321 in Malaysia 174 in Philippines 429 intensity 339 mechanism 375 selection 367, 368, 373, 374, 375, 376 withholding effect 363

selectivity 7 1 synergism with

IBP 369 MGK 264 369, 373, 375, 376 NIA 373, 375, 376 PB 366, 367, 368, 369, 373, 375,

376 S-421 373, 375, 376 TBPT 365, 369 T P P 365, 369

synergists effect 359 phytotoxicity 375 ratio 353, 374

Fenvalerate, testing 315, 316 use in

India 63, 69, 70 Indonesia 3 13 Japan 52 Malaysia 173 Philippines 428, 429 Taiwan 420 Thailand 309

yield response 322 Ficus Carica 246 Finite rate 387, 390, 391, 400 First record in the Philippines 289 Fittonia argyroneura 242 Fittonia verschaffeltii 242 Flea beetle (see Phyllotreta striolata) Flight activity 4 Flucythrinate

efficacy 342 recommendation in Taiwan 359 resistance 360

Fluvalinate 360 Foliage characters insect infestation 133 Foliage protection index 215 Food consumption 416 Forecasting 429 French strain 396 Fuchsia sp 245 Fungi

epizootics 222 formulation 225 infection 228 persistence 222

Galleria mallonella NPV 224 Gelechia cicarella 83 Generations in New York 129 Generations overlapping 97, 271 Generations per year, 271

in Canada 5 in Taiwan 415, 417, 418

Gentianaceae 244 Geocoris sp 261 Geraniaceae 244 Geranium sp 244 Gesneriaceae 244 Glutathion-S-transferase 354 Gnaphosa kompirensis 392 Gnathnarium deutatum 392 Granulosis induction 207 Granulosis virus (see GV) Granulosis endrin effect 237 GV, 31, 205, 219, 223

adjuvants 237 capsule, 207

classification 207 morphology 207, 220

Subject Index 46 1

GV, cross infection 207, 237 cytopathology 206, 210, 21 1 DBM mortality 228 disease seasonality 205, 206 disease symptoms 205, 206, 220 effect on mitochondria 211 epizootics 236 field trials 226, 237 host range 224 in Hawaii 408 in Philippines 427 incubation period, 205, 207

temperature effect 205, 207 infection, in Japan 220

to Bombyx mori 224 to Pieris rapae 224

light effect 226 morphogenesis, 205, 207

sequence 208, 209, 210 morphology 206 multiplication sites 205, 207, 208 nucleocapsid 207, 208 occurrence in Japan 205 pathology 205 persistence 237 protectant 226 report in Malaysia 31 seasonal incidence 50

Gynura sp 243

Habrocytus sp 163 Hahnia corticicola 392 Hairpencil-excision method 104, 106 Hairpencils

chemicals released 103 functions 103 in Heliothis virescens 103 in Mythimna separate 103 mating success 107 morphology 104, 105 photomicrograph 105, 106 precourtship ritual 103 secretion 105

Hakusap 269 Hedera helix 242 Heliothis armigera 36 Heliothis virescens 373 Heliothis zea 89, 262 Hellula undalis 36, 5 1, 66, 300 Hemerocallis dumortieri 244 Hemiteles sp 28, 182 Hermiteles sp 28 Heuchera sanguinea 246 Hibiscus syriacus 244 Hockeria atra 66 Hockeria tetraceitarsis 65 Hoe 522 (see CME 134)

Hormoligosis 195, 202 Host preference 64 Host range, 5 , 77

in Argentina 21 in Brazil 21 in Canada 4 in India 55, 59, 63, 64 in Japan 50 in Malaysia 26 in Peru 22 in Philippines 424 in Taiwan 418 in Venezuela 17

Host-plant resistance 137 Hyadaphis erysimi 403 Hyadaphis nasturtii 4 10 Hydrangea sp 246 Hyperparasites, 161, 427

in India 66 in southern Ontario 97 seasonality 66

Hyperparasitism, 28, 29 in New Zealand 182 in southern Ontario 97 influence of environment 234 influence on parasites 203 rate in Malaysia 182

I-Lan strain 396, 398 IBP cross resistance 369 IBP synergism 361 IGR, 31, 257, 343

bioassay 398 mode of action 326 photostable 280 potential 399 resistance 396 stability 280 tests in Malaysia 31 use in IPM 200, 326 use in Thailand 308, 311

application frequency 28 1 , 284 chemical properties 280 chemical structure 280 common name 280 contact toxicity 280 critical activity 282 cross resistance 370 damage rating 282 efficacy, 268, 269, 281, 282, 283, 284,

285, 286, 396 Alabama argillacea 285 Anomis texana 286 Crocidolomia binotalis 285 Hellula undalis 285 in highlands 283

IKI-7899

462 Subject Index

IKI-7899, efficacy, in lowlands 283 Spodoptera litura 285

eye irritation 280 formulation comparison 281 formulation effect 279, 282, 286 in IPM 286 mammalian toxicity 280, 285 mode of action 280, 282, 283 on cabbage 285 on kale 285 optimal rate 279 permethrin mixture 282, 283 persistence 285 preventive spray 285 residue 279, 285 residue on kale 281 selectivity 286 spectrum 280 toxicity to carp 280 toxicity to duck 280 toxicity to honeybee 280 yield response 282, 283

Immunology test 391, 392 Impatiens sultani 242 Imported cabbageworm (see Pieris rapae) Infestation

characteristics 27 characteristic in Japan 297 cultivar preference 154 factors 416, 417 foliage characters 133, 135 history in Malaysia 31 host preference 134 in Bali 188 in Hawaii 406 in lnduia 59 in Indonesia 35 in Java 188 in Taiwan 415 in Thailand 307 intensity 5 , 160 larval density 27 oviposition 134 parasite effect 160 plant part preference 38, 51 seasonality 27, 271 yield loss 198, 271, 429

Injury index 316 Injury threshold 429 Insect growth regulators (see IGR) Insect resistant cauliflower 13 1 Insecticidal plants

active principles 253 antifeedant 249, 254 contact toxicity 248 distribution 241 feeding deterrent 250

Insecticidal plants, in Philippines 247 mode of action 247 repellent 249, 254 taxonomy 241 toxicity 254

action pattern 343 application timing 69 bioassay 398 cost in Malaysia 174 development cost 354 development time 354 effect on parasite 195 effect on reproduction 394 joint action 428 mode of action 329, 341 physiological effect 38 predator mortality 400 recommendation in Japan 297, 300, 301 recommendation in Taiwan 329, 359, 416 residue, 31, 330

Insecticide

cooking effect 430 distribution 430 in Philippines 429, 430 in soil 430 maximum limit 430 on watercress 404 washing 430

alternate chemicals 343 areas in Taiwan 330 chemical control 343 chemical structure 334 counter measures 354, 355, 370, 373,

379, 395, 396 cropping intensity 332 cross resistance 343 DDT 20 detection 398 development in field 396 distribution Taiwan 333 esterase activity 353 generation effect 339, 348, 350 genetics 351, 353, 397 geographic distribution 350 geographic isolation 332

resistance, 5 5 , 145, 149, 193, 219, 271, 347

in in in

in in

in in

in

Hawaii 404, 406 India 71 Indonesia 38, 188, 192, 216, 314,

Japan 297, 303, 304, 348 Malaysia 25, 29, 31, 174, 195,

parasites 36, 37 Philippines 241, 290, 348, 381,

Singapore 348

315

279, 282, 286, 348, 374, 375

423, 428

Subject Index 463

Insecticide, resistance, in Taiwan 329,335,348,381,416,419 in Thailand 307, 308, 309, 311, 348 induction 334, 337, 339 insecticide action 341 insecticide mixture 395 insecticide residual effect 341 insecticide spectum 347 intensity 339 malathion 109 mechanism 334, 341, 347, 353, 354,

355, 359, 360, 363, 364, 379 negative selection 351 pest species 347, 348 pheromone response 115 rainfall effect 332 resistance ratio 336 sampling 329, 330, 332, 335, 395 selection 348 stability 339, 348 standard test 396, 397 survey 329 withdrawal effect 340, 348, 349, 353,

363 resurgence effect 387, 400 rotation 380, 354, 396, 399 screening in Taiwan 415 selectivity 98, 193, 195, 202 spray schedule 68 tank-mixing 290 testing procedure 314, 315 toxicity standard test 397 toxicity to parasites 98 use in India 70 use in Indonesia 189, 313 use in Japan 52, 53, 297 use in Malaysia 173, 174 use in Philippines 423, 424, 428, 429, 431 use in Thailand 307, 308 yield response 148, 149, 310, 325

Integrated pest management (see IPM) Intercropping (DBM control)

barley 150 control effect 63, 431 control method 145 crop species used 149 dill 150 effect on oviposition 71 garlic 145 insect control 149 oat 150 oviposition effect 70 safflower 150 sweet peas 427 tomato 70, 72, 145, 150, 155, 427 yield effect 150

Intrinsic rate 387, 390, 391, 394, 415, 416, 417

Introduction in Malaysia 26 IPM, 31, 165, 166, 355

Apanteles plutellae use 183 components 423, 424, 431 cost effectiveness 403, 411, 412 in India 71 in Malaysia 25, 31, 98 practicality 279 role of parasites 173 yield response 411

Ipomoea batatas 243 Irradiation 39 Irrigation effect 145, 148, 149, 307 Isobenzan 30, 350 Isoxathion 300, 301, 349, 351

Jacquinia aristata 246 Juvenile hormone 43 1

k-value 9

Labidura ripara 50 Labidura riparia japonica 391, 392, 393 Lantana camara 246, 247, 248, 250 Laodelphax striatellus 354 Larva

behavior 57, 379 description 86 distribution on plant 437 duration 57, 58, 64 feeding habit 64 measurement 57 morphology 57, 64 mortality 58 taxonomy 84

Leaf consumption 420 Leg esterase 112, 113 Leguminoceae 244 Lepidosaphes beckii 202 Leptinotarsa decemlineata 225, 259 Leptophos 30, 350 Libiatae 247 Life table study 3, 4, 5 , 8, 66 Lifecycle

crop damage 283 duration 18, 19, 58, 415, 416, 417 generation year in India 63, 65 generations per year in Japan 47, 48, 5 1 in Argentina 2 in Brazil 21 in Canada 3 in highland 26, 282 in India 63 in Japan 50 in Malaysia 289 in lowland 25, 26, 282 in Peru 22

464 Subject Index

Lifecycle, in Philippines 426 in Venezuela 17, 18 studies in India 5 5 , 56, 64 temperature effect 19, 20, 5 5

Liliaceae 244 Lilium longifiorum 244 Lindane 68, 350 Lipaphis erysimi 51 Liriomyza sp 262 Literature survey 160 Longevity 201 Lycopersicon esculentum 246 Lycosa pseudoannulata 391, 392 Lymantria dispar 260 Lyophilized spores 225

Macromalon orientale 30, 65, 162, 163 Madhuca longifolia 246 Malaoxon 362 Malathion, 17, 29, 30

cross resistance 336 efficacy 268, 269, 302, 304, 308, 333, 334 residue 430 resistance, 25, 29, 109, 112, 119, 241,

248, 348, 349, 360, 362 in India 71 in Malaysia 174 in Philippines 428

toxicity 248, 249 toxicity to parasite 195, 196 use in India 68, 69 use in Thailand 309 use in .Venezuela 20 21

Male sex pheromone 103, 104, 107 Malpighian tubules 205, 207 Malvaceae 244 Mamestra brassica 5 1 Mainestra brassicae 89 262 300 Mainestra illoba 207 Mammea americana 243 Mamustra brassicae 298 Maranta bicolor 244 Marantaceae 244 Masochorus sp 28 Mass rearing, 174

aseptic 94 diets 39, 92, 93 economics 94 generations 93 inbreeding effect 92 kale leaves 103 microbial contamination 93 modified procedure 93 oviposition 91, 92 procedure 92 pupal weight 93 pupation rate 92, 93

Mass rearing, requirements 89 seedlings 92 utility 92

Mass trapping 109 Mating, 45

behavior 38 characteristic 65 frequency 105 period 65 success 106, 107 temperature effect 118 timing 407

Matricaria matricarioides 242 Mecabram 351 Medhuca latifolia 246 Meliaceae 247 Melianthaceae 245 Melilotus officinalis 245 Mellaceae 244 Menispermaceae 247 Mephosfolan

cross resistance 336, 337 efficacy 333, 341, 342 recommendation 359 resistance 339

Mesocorus sp 182 Metacil 29 Metarhizium anisopliae 223 Metarhizium flavoride 225 Meteorus sp 22 Methamidophos, 30 37 262 419

cross resistance 336 efficacy 229, 273, 283, 284, 292, 293, 294,

parasite mortality 98 recommendation 359 reference compound 272, 281, 292 resistance 174, 329, 350 trials in Malaysia 215 use in India 69, 70 use in Malaysia 173 use in New York 129 use in Philippines 428 use in Thailand 309 yield response 293

Methidathion, 37 cross resistance 336, 337 efficacy 342 recommendation 359 resistance 339, 349

Methomyl, 30, 262, 300, 303 cross resistance 336, 369 effect, on fecundity 387, 388, 389, 390, 400

on fertility 388, 389 on longevity 389 on oviposition 390 on predators 387, 391, 393, 394

308, 342

Subject Index 465

Methomyl, effect, o n pupal weight 388 o n reproduction 387, 391 on spiders 393 on survival 389

efficacy 302, 310, 334, 342 recommendation in Japan 297, 300, 302 recommendation in Taiwan 359 resistance, 348, 349, 352, 353, 354, 360,

362, 364 in Japan 303 intensity 340 withholding effect 364

resurgence 347, 387, 400 selectivity 393, 394 synergism, with PB 361

with TBPT 361 trials in Australia 217 use in Hawaii 405, 406 use in India 69 use in Thailand 309 withholding period 301, 393

Methoprene 355 Methyl paraoxon 362 Methyl parathion, 249, 334, 430

Mevinphos, 131, 132, 370 resistance 241, 348, 350, 360, 362

cross resistance 336, 337, 368, 369 efficacy 249, 294, 308, 310, 332, 334,

recommendation in Taiwan 359 residue 430 resistance 98, 241, 290, 329, 339, 359,

360, 362, 363, 364, 395, 429 synergism, with IBP 361

with PB 361 with TBPT 361

use in India 69 use in Thailand 309, 310

341, 342

MGK 264 synergism 368, 369, 370, 395 Microplitis plutellae, 3, 4, 6. 7 , 9, 12, 163

parasitism 165, 174, 185 Microplitis sp 135, 159, 427 Microsomal oxidases 353, 360, 370, 395 Migration (DBM), 160

bearing on IPM 78 damage in Britain 78 damage to crucifers 78 distance 78, 97, 98 duration 78 Europe 77 implication 77 in Britain 78, 219 in Canada 3, 14, 77 in Japan 79, 99 in Orient 79 in Taiwan 79 latitude 79

Migration (DBM), neararctic region 79 origin 78 outbreak 78 survival 79 transit point 79 wind direction 78

Miinohara strain 349 Misumenops tricuspidatus 391, 392 Mixed-function oxidases 375 MK-139 (see CME 134) Mockerzeckia indica 28 Monocrotophos

residue 430 toxicity to parasite 71 use in India 69 use in Thailand 309

analysis 1 1 , 12 assessment 4 cool temperature 7 density dependence 12 fecundity 3, 7, 8, 11, 13, 14 in Cameron Highlands 28 in India 66, 67 infertility 11 interaction 1 1 overhead irrigation 98 parasites 3, 6, 7, 8, 11, 14, 66 rainfall 5, 6, 7, 1 1 , 12, 35, 98, 145, 146,

188 sex ratio 11 weather 14

Motacilla flava 66 Moth (DBM)

Mortality factors, 9, 10, 129, 419

longevity 44, 45, 48, 58, 65 measurement 57 morphology 58, 65 population 46, 50, 51, 85

Multiparasitism 182 Multiple cropping 149 Multiple resistance 351, 353, 360, 373 Musca domestica 373 Mustard glucoside 25 Mustard oil 425 Myzus persicae 403, 404, 410

Nabis sp 261 Naled, 300, 301

efficacy 308, 341, 342 recommendation in Taiwan 359 use in Thailand 309 withholding period 301

Natural enemies 160 Negelia hyacinthi 244 Nep hotettix cinct iceps 3 5 4 Nerium oleander 242 Nezara viridula 41 1

466

Nicotine 30 Nicotine extract 29 Nicotine sulphate 3 1 1 Nilaparvata lugens 354 Nomenclature 83 Nomuraea rileyi 225 NPV, 66, 208, 219

DBM infection 223, 224 field trials 226 Heliothis source 228 host range 220 in Philippines 427 isolation 221 natural infection 237 record in India 66 specificity 70

Nuclean polyhedrosis virus (see NPV) Nucleocapsid 209 Nythobia eucerophaga plutellae 20 Nythobia insularis 427 Nythobia plutellae 427

Occurrence (DBM) in Argentina 21 in Brazil 21 in Canada 3 in Chile 21 in Colombia 21 in Cuba 22 in Dominican Republic 22 in Hawaii 403 in India 55, 63 in Indonesia 35 in Jamaica 22 in Japan 43 in Malaysia 25, 26 in Peru 22 in Taiwan 77, 415 in Trinidad and Tobago 22 in Venezuela 17

Okinawa strain 349, 350, 352 Omniphagous habit 77 Onagraceae 245 Ontogenesis 1 12 Orchidaceae 245 Origin 25, 77 Orius sp 261 Osaka strain 349, 350, 351, 352 Ostrinia nubilalis 260 Outbreak in Indonesia 35 Overwintering, in Japan 99 Oviposition

characteristics 25, 63, 65 eggs per day 57 host preference 132 insecticide treatment 197 medium 91

Subject Index

Oviposition, period 19, 57, 65 plant parts 56 preference 19, 133, 134, 153 rainfall effect 4 resistant cultivar 129, 132 temperature effect 4 timing 56, 407, 417 tomato leaf extract 145, 154 wind effect 4

Oxalidaceae 245 Oxalis deppei 245 Oxyphinofos 349

Pachyrhizus erosus 244 Paecilomyces fumoso-roseus 223, 225 Paederus fuscipes 50 Parahydroxymercuribenzoate 1 1 1 Paraoxon 111, 119 Parasite

alternate hosts 235, 236 area of discovery 173, 176, 178, 233 biocontrol characters 181 competition 233 diversity 164, 165 egg 163 establishment in Australia 161 establishment in Cape Verde 162 establishment in Malaysia 30, 162 fecundity study 176 food source 166 host density effect 178 insecticide effect 98, 155, 166, 186, 200,

insecticide resistance 37, 173, 313 introduction, 160

315

in Australia 174 in Indonesia 36, 161 in Malaysia 29, 30, 31, 162, 173 in New Zealand 160, 161 in Papua New Guinea 162 in Taiwan 154

key parasites 166 killing power 173, 176, 178 larval 163 pupal 163 rainfall effect 65 searching efficiency 174, 176, 233

in India 59, 65 in Japan 50 in Malaysia 28 in Philippies 427

chemical exclusion study 202 effect of insecticides 199 environmental effect 163, 234, 235 environmental factors 235

Parasites

Parasitism

Subject Index 467

Parasitism, evaluation 195, 196, 203, 233 female ratio 173 field-laboratory performance 164, 181 food-web interaction 166 host density dependence 164 host mortality rate 8 in Australia 161 in India 99 in Malaysia 27 in Philippines 427 insecticide effect 200, 316, 324, 325, 330 insecticide use 97, 162 multiple 164 occurrence 160 parasite interaction 8 potential 162, 163 rate, 164, 182

in Canada 5 in Malaysia 28, 173 in New Zealand 161

success rates 162 temperature effect 181

efficacy 308, 342 resistance in India 71 use in India 68 use in Thailand 309

Parathion

Pardosa astrigera 391, 392, 393 Pardosa laura 392 Parlatoria oleae 202 Passiflora data 245 Passifloraceae 245 Pathogens of DBM 219 Pediobius imbreus 66 Pelargonium sp 244 Pellionia pulchra 246 Penghu strain 396 Peperomia sp 245 Percent control 380, 399 Percent injury level 318, 319, 325 Permethrin, 30, 131, 132, 138, 282

cross resistance 336, 337, 338, 365, 368,

efficacy 282, 283, 284, 292, 316, 318,

ratio 353 recommendation in Taiwan 359 reference compound 280, 28 1 resistance, 330, 335, 339, 348, 352, 360,

369

319, 324, 332, 333, 334, 342, 363

3 62 in Indonesia 314, 316, 321 intensity 339 mechanism 365 withholding effect 363

selectivity 71 synergism, with IBP 368, 369

Permethrin, synergism, with MGK 264 369 with PB 365, 366, 367, 368, 369 with TBPT 365, 368, 369 with T P P 365, 368, 369

in Indonesia 313, 314 in New York 129 in Thailand 309 in Venezuela 21

use, in India 63, 69, 70

yield response 282 Pest complex in southern Ontario 97 Pest seasonality in New York 129 Pest status in Indonesia 36 Petunia sp 246

Pheidole sp 71, 86 Phenothrin 349, 360 Phenthoate, 29, 300

PH70-23 370

cross resistance 336, 337 efficacy 302, 333, 341, 342 recommendation in Japan 301, 302 recommendation in Taiwan 359 resistance, 329, 348, 349, 351, 352, 353,

354 in Japan 304 intensity 339

use in India 69 use in Japan 52 withholding period 301

Phenthoate-oxon 354 Pheromone, 19, 38

communication disruption 125 components 109, 110, 115, 116 esterase, 112, 119

hydrolytic activity 113 identification 109 isolation 109 practical use 125 Px 388 reception 118, 119 resistance 125 response

acetate content 120 active space 120, 125 age dependence 109, 110, 119 aldehyde content 115, 120 antennal esterase activity 106, 118 behavioral threshold 107 component effect 50, 117 endogenous factors 121 environmental effect 110, 118, 120 esterase zymogram 126 exogenous factors 110, 121 generation effect 119 genetic effect 1 18 geographic variation 118, 120

468 Subject Index

Pheromone, response humidity effect 109, 115, 116, 117, 120 insecticide resistance 115, 118 malathion resistance 119 male age effect 114, 118 population e f fec t 125 seasonal effect 117, 119 strain differences 79 specificity 125 temperature effect 109, 110, 116, 117,

vapor pressure effect 118 Y-test 109, 125

118

synergistic effect 1 10 testing 1 1 1 use in monitoring 43, 50, 51, 53 use in Japan 243 use in Taiwan 109 use in Thailand 3 1 1

Philodendron sp 242 Philonthus wustho offi 50 Phosalone 69, 70, 71, 351 Phosphamidon 68, 69 Phoxim 69 Phyllantus aeuminatus 243 Phyllotreta cruciferae 135, 138 Phyllotreta sinuata 282 Phyllotreta striolata 135, 138, 300 Phytotoxicity 375 P1234599, 129

oviposition preference 133, 135 resistance, identification 13 1

inheritance 138 mechanism 132, 137. 141 to lepidopterous complex 137

Pieris rapae 129, 140, 262 feeding 130, 134 GV infection 224 host-plant resistance 140 resistant cultivar 154

Pieris rapae crucivora 5 1, 207, 298, 300, 387 Pieris sp 428 Pilochalcis hirti femora 163 Piper nigrum 245, 247, 248, 430 Piperaceae 245, 247 Piperonyl butoxide (PB), 353, 354, 374

field use 367, 396 health hazard 396 resistance 353, 395 resistance ratio 369 synergism 359, 360, 364, 365, 366, 368, 370 tolerance 370 toxicity 369

Piridafenthion 300, 301 Pirimicarb 262 Pirimiphos-methyl, 300, 303

efficacy 341, 342

Pirimiphos-methyl, recommendation in Japan 52, 302 recommendation in Taiwan 359 resistance 349, 351 withholding period 301

Piscidia acuminata 244 Piscidia piseipula 244 Pitfall trap 391, 392 Pleurotropis metallicus 182 Plusia nigrisigna 207, 300 Plusia orichalcea 36 Plutella brassicella 83 Plutella cruciferarum 83 Plutella limbipennella 83 Plutella mollipedella 83 Plutella porrectella 87 Plutella sera 26, 87 Plutella Tinea xylostella 83 Polyphagotarsonemus latus 404 Population dynamics (DBM)

cabbage field 50 factors 4 in Cameron Highlands 27 in Indonesia 35, 36 in Japan 48 in southern Ontario 3 in Taiwan 418 in Thailand 3 1 1 insecticide application 72, 73 seasonal effect 14, 49 temperature effect 43, 44, 46, 48, 59

Population monitoring 48, 49, 145, 146, 147 Practical threshold 438 Precipitation test 394 Predators

catching method 392 identification 391, 392 effect of methomyl 387 in India 63, 66 in Japan 50

Preoviposition period 18 Profenofos, 290, 294, 370

application rates 289 chemical structure 290 cross resistance 336, 337, 368, 369 efficacy 273, 291, 292, 293, 294, 308, 333,

334, 341, 342, 362 insecticide mixture 294 mammalian toxicity 290 properties 290 recommendation 359 reference compound 272 resistance, 329, 339, 349, 359, 360, 362

seedling protection 272 spectrum 290 spray interval 293

withholding effect 363, 364

Subject Index 469

Profenofos, synergism, with IBP 361 with PB 361 with TBPT 361

systemic activity 290 translocation 290 use in Thailand 309 yield response 289, 292, 293, 294

cross resistance 336, 337 Prophos, 333, 334, 339

Propoxur 334, 348 Protection period 415 Prothiophos, 30, 173, 300, 303, 348, 370

cross resistance 336, 337, 368, 369 damage rating 282 efficacy 282, 283, 292, 302, 308, 310,

334, 342 methomyl mixture 303 persistence 99 recommendation in Japan 302 recommendation in Taiwan 359 reference compound 280, 281, 291 resistance, 339, 348, 349, 351, 352, 353,

359, 360, 362 in Japan 52, 303, 304 intensity 339 withholding effect 363, 364

use in India 69 use in Japan 52 use in Thailand 309, 310 withholding period 301 yield response 282

Pteromalus 66 Publications in Taiwan 416 Punica granatum 245 Punicaceae 245 Pupa

description 85 measurement 57 morphology 57, 64 mortality 57, 58 period 57, 58, 64

Pupation artificial diet 91 Pydrin 406 Pyrethrins 351 Pyrethroids

efficacy 313, 332 resistance, 241, 314, 347, 348, 363

in Indonesia 315, 319, 321 mechanism 365 withholding effect 363

selectivity 322 yield response 324

Pyridaphenthion 341, 342, 35 1, 359

Quinalphos, 30 efficacy 216, 308, 324 physiological effect 38

Quinalphos, recommendation 359 reference compound 313, 319, 325 testing 316 use in India 69, 70 use in Indonesia 313 use in Taiwan 420 use in Thailand 309 yield response 322

Rainfall effect 145, 146, 417, 407, 418 Randia nilotica 245 Random parasitoid equation 233 Ranunculaceae 245 Record in Malaysia 173 Resistance factor 398 Resistance ratio, 321, 349, 351, 353, 360, 362

generation effect 339 insecticide use 336

Resistant cultivar, 52, 129 damage rating, 130, 134 environmental effect 129 identification 132 in Indonesia 38 oviposition preference 130, 134 pest complex 129 quality 153 screening 130, 134

factors 387 insecticide induced 197, 201, 202, 236 methomyl induced 347, 387, 394 parasite removal 202 physiological effect 202 predator mortality 400

Resurgence

RH-0994 292 Rhamnaceae 245 Rhamnus crenata 245 Rhopobota naevana 224 Rosa sp 245 Rosaceae 245 Rotenone 310, 311, 428, 429 Rubiaceae 245 Rutaceae 245 Ryania 428

S 421 374, 375 Salithion, 300, 303

efficacy 341, 342 recommendation in Japan 302 recommendation in Taiwan 359 resistance 349, 351 withholding period 301

Sample size 437, 438 Sampling 419 Sampling method 405 Sannate 341 Sapotaceae 246

470 Subject Index

Saxifragaceae 246 Scymnus loewii 410 Seasonality, 145

in India 5 5 , 56, 59, 67 in Japan 43, 47, 48, 50, 298, 302 in Philippines 424 in Taiwan 415, 417 in Thailand 307

Selecron (see Profenofos) Selective toxicity 313, 321 Senecio cineraria 242 Sevithion 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201,

202, 203, 236 Sex pheromone (see Pheromone) Sex ratio 48, 58 Simarolibaceae 246 Sitophilus granarius 259 Small scent glands 107 SN72129 343 Solanaceae 246 Solanum sp 246 Solanum tuberosum 246 Sorpol 3005X 266 Spaelotics clandestina 1 19 Spatial distribution 418 Spermatophores 104, 106 Spiders 387 Spinolia sp 163 Spodoptera exigua 145 Spodoptera frugiperda 262 Spodoptera littoralis 259, 261, 325, 354, 362,

Spodoptera litura 207, 300, 420 Spodoptera ornithogalli 224 Spodoptera sp 36 Spray calendar 302, 303 Spray frequency in Japan 303 Sprinkler irrigation

373

cooling effect 437 cost 154, 411, 412, 437 diseases incidence 154 effectiveness 407, 412 infestation levels 404 insect mortality 155 mating activity 403 method 406 oviposition effect 403 timing 407 yield response 411

Sterile male release 38, 39, 98 Stictopisthus 163 Strains, insecticide resistance 125

Sulprofos use in India 69 Survival (DBM)

occurrence in Taiwan 125

low temperature 47 relation to generation 5

Survival (DBM), sub-lethal temperature 99 temperature range 145 winter 97

Swammerdamia lutaria 236 Synergism 353, 354, 399 Synergism ratio 366, 375 Synergist, field use 370 Syrphid 28

Tagetes erecta 243, 247, 248, 325 Tagetes patula 243, 247, 248 Tagetes sp 430 Tapinoma melanocephalum 66, 71 Taxomerus marginatus 410 TBPT, synergism 360, 361 TDE use in Venezuela, 20 Teflubenzuron 257 Teflumuron 307, 309 Tefluron 307, 308, 309, 310 Telodrin 25, 29 Temperature threshold 43, 44 Tephrosia 248 Tephrosia vogelii 244, 247, 430 Tethonia diversifolia 430 Tetrachlorvinphos 300, 301, 35 1 Tetramethrin 360 Tetrastichus 50 Tetrastichus ayyari 25, 28, 31, 162 Tetrastichus sokolowskii, 22, 30, 65, 66, 165

introduction in Malaysia 162, 174, 175 parasitism rate 66, 173, 181 potential 164

Tetrastichus sp 28, 66, 182 Theophrastaceae 246 Thiocyclam

efficacy 342, 359 resistance 334, 349

Thorax, description 84 Thuricide (see Bt) Thyraeella collaris, 25, 28, 30, 31, 65, 174, 235

biology 177 establishment 182 evaluation 173 introduction, in Australia 161

in Malaysia 162, 174, 175 in New Zealand 161

in New Zealand 174 rate 177, 179, 180, 181

parasitism, in Canada 182

potential 164 Tinea galeatella 83 Tinospora rumphii 247 Tithonia 248 Tithonia diversifolia 242, 247 Tobacco extract 310 Tolerance limit 70 Toplectis sp 163

Subject Index 47 1

Totrix viridana 224 TPP 353, 354 Tradescantia sp 243 Tralomethrin resistance 360 Triazophos, 37

efficacy 308 residue 430 resistance in Philippines 429 use in Philippines 428, 429 use in Thailand 309

Trichlorfon, 29, 30, 69, 300 resistance 25, 349 toxicity 249

Trichogramma sp 50 Trichogrammatoidea armigera 65 Trichomalopsis sp 427 Trichoplusia ni, 91, 129, 262, 411, 420

feeding 130, 134 host-plant resistance 135, 137, 140 pheromone response 119 resistant cultivar 154 virus infection 223

efficacy 279, 283, 284, 308, 310 reference compounds 281 use in Thailand 309

Triflumuron

Tripren 355 Tripterygium wilfordii 243 Tulipa sp 244 Typhlodromus pyri 261

Urticaceae 246

Verbenaceae 246, 247 Virion 211 Viruses infective to DBM 223 Vitaceae 246 Vitex negundo 246, 247, 248 Voria ruralis 65

Watercress damage 403 Weed hosts in Philippines 424, 425 Wing

description 84 esterase 113 expanse 57 glands 107 length seasonal effect 48, 49

Withholding interval 301

Xeromphis spinosa 245

Yield loss, 68, 148, 149, 198, 289 in Cuba 22 in Indonesia 185, 313 in Philippines 423 seasonal effect 313

Yield response 198

Zoophthora radicans, 219, 220, 223 aphid control 228 conidia 221 DBM control 226 DBM infection 224 DBM mortality 221 effect on parasite 222 epidemic characters 222 host range 221 infection 221, 222 insecticide interaction 226 occurrence in New Zealand 221 role in biocontrol 222 spruce budworm control 228

(Z)-1 I-hexadecen-1-0l 109 (Z)-1 1-hexadenenal 109 (Z)-1 1-hexadecenyl acetate 109