Partic. No. Participant name Participant short name Country 1 - Coordinat or Microwave and Fiber...
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Partic. No. Participant name Participant short name Country 1 - Coordinat or Microwave and Fiber Optics Laboratory – Institute of Communications and Computer
Partic. No. Participant name Participant short name Country 1 -
Coordinat or Microwave and Fiber Optics Laboratory Institute of
Communications and Computer Systems ICCSGreece 2Amga GroupAMGAItaly
3Regia Autonomous AquaservAquaservRomania 4PipeHawkPIPEHAWKUK
5HubergHUBERGItaly 6Hydrosave UKHYDROSAVEUK 7TECNIC Italy 8RISA
SicherheitsanalysenRISAGermany 9Advanced Microwave SystemsAMSGreece
10 Laboratory of Applied Electrodynamics Physics Department Tbilisi
State University LAE - TSUGeorgia 11 Istanbul Technical University
Civil Engineering Faculty Environmental Engineering Department ITU
- EEDTurkey Sixth Framework Programme Priority : SUSTDEV 2005
3.II.3.3 Priority Title: Global Change And Ecosystems
Proposal/Contract no.: 036887 1. To develop a novel, high
resolution imaging ground penetrating radar for the detection of
pipes, leaks and damages and the imaging of the damaged region and
evaluate it at a test site. 2. To produce an integrated system that
will contain the equipment in 1 and a Decision-Support-System (DSS)
for the rehabilitation management of the underground water
pipelines that will use input from the inspections to assess,
probabilistically, the time-dependent leakage and structural
reliability of the pipelines and a risk-based methodology for
rehabilitation decisions that considers the overall risk, including
financial, social and environmental criteria. 3. To field test the
equipment and the DSS. Bending Failure of a Water Pipe. Crushing
Failure of a Water Pipe Structural Failure Probability Over Time
for Different Operation Pressures Structural Failure Probability
Over Time for Different Depths of Installation Leakage Structural
Reliability Water Contamination Risk Based Rehabilitation
Management USER Expert system User interface UIF Query Manager
Knowledge Base Data Manager Leak Detection Damage Detection and
Imaging Signal Processing Scenario s Data Base UIFGIS Leakage
Detection Damage Detection and Imaging The GPIR operation principle
is based on the use of Ultra Wideband Signals. The subunits
constituting the GPIR are: 1.Transmitter: A UWB signal generator is
utilized to produce subnanonsecond pulse (600-800ps) as shown in
the right figure. The peak pulse amplitude will be of the order of
50 Volt. This pulsed signal is conveyed to the transmitting antenna
which is a Transverse Electromagnetic Flared Horn antenna. The
transmitting antenna is fixed contrary to the receiving antenna
which is of scanning type. The transmitted pulse rate is 3-50 KHz
approximately. The use of TEM horn guarantees wide band matching of
the antenna of pulse generator. 2.Receiver Front End (Analog
part):It will consist of a Wide Band LNA (1-5 GHz having 40dB gain)
and an Anti-Aliasing Filter. The received echo pulse signals
reflected by the ground structure will be amplified up to a level
that will be sufficient to convert into digital signals. Direct
Analog to Digital (A/D) conversion to achieve robust signal
detection of echo signals. 3.Scanning Receive Antenna: TEM horn
antenna, but with minimum size. The antenna will scan mechanically
parallel to earth surface above the earth surface approximately
15-20cm. The scanning will be of raster type that will provide
scanning of 1x1 m 2 horizontal area in the Cartesian coordinate
system. During the scanning period at 400 (20X20) points data will
be collected and converted into digital format. Signal averaging
will be implemented to improve the signal to noise ratio at the
receiver output. The time needed for the antenna to scan the area
of 1X1 m2 is foreseen to be 8 seconds at maximum. 4.Signal
Digitiser:the received echo signal after their amplifications will
be driven to an ultra high speed A/D converter with the following
specifications: a) Conversion Speed: 1.5 GSample/second, b) Output
Resolution: 8 bits, c) Input Bandwidth: 2 GHz The acquired data
after averaging (8-64 bits) will be stored at the RAM of the host
computer where the imaging software will develop the 2 or 3
Dimensional images. Scanning RX Antenna Tx Ant Short Pulse
Transmitter RX Front End Correlator Receiver Processing Imaging
Unit (PC) Measurement of Echo signals in Time Domain Use of FFT
(Fast Fourrier Transform) to decompose each measurement in spectral
components Measurement of Echo Signals Wavefront to develop the 3D
Underground Imaging The Measured Echo Signals Wavefront (Amplitude
+ Phase) will be used in Conjunction with the Method of Auxilliary
Sources to compute the scattering Sources inside the ground
environment. Then the complex dielectric constant is obtained as 3D
distribution. Furthermore Doppler Shift Phenomena are also taken
into account. Contact Details: EC Officer: Mr. Zissimos Vergos
E-mail: [email protected] Project Co-ordinator: Institute
of Communication and Computer Systems Prof. Nikolaos Uzunoglou
E-mail: [email protected] Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) has been
used to locate pipes and identify leaks in buried water pipes. One
of the partners in this project, ICCS, has developed the following
two such techniques as part of project LEAKING: (a) a microwave
radiometry-thermography sensor technique to provide the temperature
distribution and the conductivity profile of the soil as a function
of depth (left figure above) and (b) a ground penetrating radar
using microwaves which can offer an improvement over ground
penetrating radar using acoustic energy because it can offer a
higher Doppler shift (right figure above). Technique (a) above did
a very good job in identifying leaks in dry soil while technique
(b) did a better job than the acoustic methods in identifying leaks
in pipes icluding plastic ones. All these techniques were tested
both in test sites and real water leak conditions in Greece, United
Kingdom and Germany with very satisfactory results. Especially the
CW radar has given a very good performance in the detection of
water leaks in PVC pipelines, even compared with the acoustic
methods and the correlators used by the great water utility
industries. Radiometer 1 st layer 2 nd layer 3 rd layer Leak H2OH2O
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