PARTHENIUM WEED SURVEY AND MANAGEMENT IN UGANDA REPORT – 2008 - 2013

GERALD KYEYUNE,JENNIPHER BISIKWAInternational Workshop for USAID IPM CRSP on

Biological Control Management of Parthenium weed. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

13th-17th July 2014

Introduction: Geography of Uganda

Location Between Latitudes 42

0

N, 150

S Between longitudes 28

0

W, 350

E Bisected by the Equator

Climate Mean annual temp:16

0

C SW, 250

C NW, 300

C NERainfall: Bimodal= April/May & Oct./Nov.

Geography of Uganda cont….

Land size• Total area 241,039 km2

• Land area = 197,097 km2

• Arable land = 42%• Cultivated area = 21%

Population 37million (current projection)

Agriculture in Uganda

Major economic activity = AGRICULTURE Contributes 42% of GDP Contributes 75% of total exports Back-bone of the economy Employs over 80% of the population Mainly “traditional” farming as opposed to

green revolution technologies

Invasive weeds in Uganda

o Parthenium hysterophoruso Lantana camarao Oxalis latifoliao Eichhornia crassipeso Acaciao Mimosa pudicao Salvinia molesta (recent)

The problems of weeds

• Weed management present a major cost in food production

• Compete with crops for resources• Lead to yield loss• Contaminate harvested grains• Alternative hosts of diseases and pests• Cause depreciation of land value• Interfere with irrigation, navigation & fishing

Work done on Parthenium weed in Uganda

1. Survey Objectives of the survey Determine the occurance, distribution and

abundance of Parthenium in Uganda.Sensitize the public about problems associated

with PartheniumDevise management approaches to contain,

control / eradicate Parthenium

Map of Uganda Showing Parthenium infested sites

Parthenium infested sites 2014District Location Northings Eastings Altitude Site Descr Abundance

Buikwe Mbiko 00 26 182 33 10 101 1165 RS, TC Low

Jinja Bugembe 00 27 801 33 13 923 1153 RS, TC High

Namutumba Namalemba 00 45 330 33 36 485 1128 RS, CF High

Iganga Busembatia 00 46 245 33 37 248 1105 RS, CF Medium

Busia Busiu 00 55 231 34 09 648 1184 RS, P High

Busia Mawero 00 28 478 34 05 414 1214 RS, R High

Busia Solo 00 28 311 34 05 414 1219 RS, R High

Busia Behind Police 00 27 865 34 05 832 1230 RS, R High

Busia Red Cross Vil 00 28 240 34 05 324 1211 RS, R Low

Bugiri Bugiri 00 33 793 33 45 403 1138 RS, TC Low

Parthenium infested sites 2014District Locality Northings Eastings Altitude Site Descr Abundance

Iganga Idudi 00 37 414 33 37 027 1134 RS, R High

Iganga Buseesa 00 37 597 33 35 985 1142 RS, TC High

Iganga Ibako 00 38 133 33 36 100 1126 RS, R High

Kampala Makerere 00 20 113 32 33 840 1224 RS, R High

MasakaKatwe Full Gospel 00 19 695 31 44 313 1285 C Low

Masaka Kimanya A 00 20 852 31 43 962 1257 RS High

Masaka Kitenga 00 17 649 31 45 16 1221 RS High

Ibanda Ibanda 00 07 974 30 29 428 1473 RS,TC High

Ibanda Ibanda 00 08 064 30 29 697 1479 RS,TC Low

Mbarara District HQ 00 36 619

30 38 556 1425 C Medium

Parthenium infested sites 2014District Location Northing Eastings Altitude Site Descr Abundanc

Mbarara Rwebikona 00 36 910 30 38 691 1408 RS, TC High

Mbarara Ruti 00 38 008 30 37 227 1412 RS,TC Low

Mbarara Kinoni 00 39 527 30 37 227 1442 RS,TC High

Mbarara Kakigani Kitokye 00 40 986 30 25 050 1454 C Low

Kasese Channel Track 00 07 963 30 00 917 944 RS High

Kasese Mweya Lodge 00 11 454 29 54 033 945 C HighKiryandongo Bweyale town 1 56 807 32 08 122

1089

RS Low

Pader Pader Town Council

2 52 730 33 05 247

1048

TC High

Pader Kwontic 2 48 482 33 05 700

1048

RS High

Pader Tyer camp 2 47 644 33 00 889

1067

RS High

Pader Corner Kilak Camp

2 46 034 32 57 535

1079

TC High

Pader RackokAwer

2 42 201 32 56 756

1072

TC High

Work done cont’d2. Management strategiesPublic awarenessI. Radio and TV announcementsII. News paper noticesIII. Poster exhibits – Agricultural ShowsIV. Local council meetings Involving students in research Eradicating infested sitesI. Physical approachesII. Chemical

Management trials• Site: Makerere University campus• Management approaches studied;1. Hand hoeing2. Hand pulling3. Control4. Herbicide5. Common salt6. Mulching7. Slashing8. Integrated

Management trials - Results

Challenges in managing Parthenium weed in Uganda

• Ignorance• Government priorities• Geographical location – route to other

countries• Favorable climate• Availability of Resources

Way forward

• Increase public awareness• Further research in management of the weed• Continue surveys and eradication from the

infested sites• Seeking government and donor intervention

Acknowledgements

• USAID IPM CRSP on Parthenium management project coordinated by Dr. Wondi Mersie for financial support

• Dr. A. Witt, who first sighted Parthenium in Uganda

• Dr. Gadi Gumisiriza, Invasive Species Management Project, NARO

• Makerere University

THANK YOU