Part IV—Energy Conservation...slope of a least 60 degrees (1.05 rad) from horizontal. HEATED SLAB. Slab-on-grade construction in which the heating elements, hydronic tubing, or hot

INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL CODE 2015, NEW JERSEY EDITION 423

Part IV—Energy Conservation

CHAPTER 11 [RE]

ENERGY EFFICIENCY

SECTION N1101GENERAL

N1101.1 Scope. This chapter regulates the energy efficiencyfor the design and construction of buildings regulated by thiscode.

Note: The text of the following Sections N1101.2 throughN1105 is extracted from the 2012 edition of the InternationalEnergy Conservation Code—Residential Provisions and hasbeen editorially revised to conform to the scope and applica-tion of this code. The section numbers appearing in parenthe-sis after each section number are the section numbers of thecorresponding text in the International Energy ConservationCode—Residential Provisions.

N1101.2 (R101.3) Intent. Deleted.

N1101.3 (R101.5.1) Compliance materials. The buildingofficial shall be permitted to approve specific computer soft-ware, worksheets, compliance manuals and other similarmaterials that meet the intent of this code.

N1101.4 (R102.1.1) Above code programs. The buildingofficial or other authority having jurisdiction shall be permit-ted to deem a national, state or local energy-efficiency pro-gram to exceed the energy efficiency required by this code.Buildings approved in writing by such an energy-efficiencyprogram shall be considered in compliance with this code.The requirements identified as “mandatory” in this chapter,as applicable, shall be met.

N1101.5 (R103.2) Information on construction docu-ments. Deleted.

N1101.5.1 (R103.2.1) Thermal envelope depiction. Thebuilding’s thermal envelope shall be represented on theconstruction drawings.

N1101.6 (R202) Defined terms. The following words andterms shall, for the purposes of this chapter, have the mean-ings shown herein.

ABOVE-GRADE WALL. A wall more than 50 percent abovegrade and enclosing conditioned space. This includesbetween-floor spandrels, peripheral edges of floors, roof andbasement knee walls, dormer walls, gable end walls, wallsenclosing a mansard roof and skylight shafts.

ACCESSIBLE. Admitting close approach as a result of notbeing guarded by locked doors, elevation or other effectivemeans (see “Readily accessible”).

AIR BARRIER. Material(s) assembled and joined together toprovide a barrier to air leakage through the building envelope.An air barrier may be a single material or a combination ofmaterials.

AUTOMATIC. Self-acting, operating by its own mechanismwhen actuated by some impersonal influence, as, for exam-ple, a change in current strength, pressure, temperature ormechanical configuration (see “Manual”).

BASEMENT WALL. A wall 50 percent or more below gradeand enclosing conditioned space.

BUILDING SITE. A continguous area of land that is underthe ownership or control of one entity.

BUILDING THERMAL ENVELOPE. The basement walls,exterior walls, floor, roof and any other building elements thatenclose conditioned space or provide a boundary betweenconditioned space and exempt or unconditioned space.

C-FACTOR (THERMAL CONDUCTANCE). The coeffi-cient of heat transmission (surface to surface) through a build-ing component or assembly, equal to the time rate of heat flowper unit area and the unit temperature difference between thewarm side and cold side surfaces (Btu/h · ft2 · °F) [W/(m2 ·K)].

CIRCULATING HOT WATER SYSTEM. A specificallydesigned water distribution system where one or more pumpsare operated in the service hot water piping to circulateheated water from the water-heating equipment to fixturesand back to the water-heating equipment.

CLIMATE ZONE. A geographical region based on climaticcriteria as specified in this code.

CONDITIONED FLOOR AREA. The horizontal projectionof the floors associated with the conditioned space.

CONDITIONED SPACE. An area, room or space that isenclosed within the building thermal envelope and that isdirectly heated or cooled or indirectly heated or cooled.Spaces are indirectly heated or cooled where they communi-cate through openings with conditioned spaces, where theyare separated from conditioned spaces by uninsulated walls,floors or ceilings, or where they contain uninsulated ducts,piping or other sources of heating or cooling.

CONTINUOUS AIR BARRIER. A combination of materi-als and assemblies that restrict or prevent the passage of airthrough the building thermal envelope.

CONTINUOUS INSULATION (ci). Insulating materialthat is continuous across all structural members without ther-mal bridges other than fasteners and service openings. It isinstalled on the interior or exterior, or is integral to anyopaque surface, of the building envelope.

CRAWL SPACE WALL. The opaque portion of a wall thatencloses a crawl space and is partially or totally below grade.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY

424 INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL CODE 2015, NEW JERSEY EDITION

CURTAIN WALL. Fenestration products used to create anexternal nonload-bearing wall that is designed to separate theexterior and interior environments.

DEMAND RECIRCULATION WATER SYSTEM. A waterdistribution system where pump(s) prime the service hot waterpiping with heated water upon demand for hot water.

DUCT. A tube or conduit utilized for conveying air. The airpassages of self-contained systems are not to be construed asair ducts.

DUCT SYSTEM. A continuous passageway for the transmis-sion of air that, in addition to ducts, includes duct fittings,dampers, plenums, fans and accessory air-handling equipmentand appliances.

ENERGY ANALYSIS. A method for estimating the annualenergy use of the proposed design and standard referencedesign based on estimates of energy use.

ENERGY COST. The total estimated annual cost for pur-chased energy for the building functions regulated by this code,including applicable demand charges.

ENERGY SIMULATION TOOL. An approved softwareprogram or calculation-based methodology that projects theannual energy use of a building.

ERI REFERENCE DESIGN. A version of the rated designthat meets the minimum requirements of the 2006 Interna-tional Energy Conservation Code.

EXTERIOR WALL. Walls including both above-grade wallsand basement walls.

FENESTRATION. Products classified as either vertical fen-estration or skylights.

FENESTRATION PRODUCT, SITE-BUILT. A fenestra-tion designed to be made up of field-glazed or field-assem-bled units using specific factory cut or otherwise factory-formed framing and glazing units. Examples of site-builtfenestration include storefront systems, curtain walls, andatrium roof systems.

FENESTRATION, VERTICAL. Windows (fixed or move-able), opaque doors, glazed doors, glazed block and combina-tion opaque/glazed doors composed of glass or othertransparent or translucent glazing materials and installed at aslope of a least 60 degrees (1.05 rad) from horizontal.

HEATED SLAB. Slab-on-grade construction in which theheating elements, hydronic tubing, or hot air distribution sys-tem is in contact with, or placed within or under, the slab.

HIGH-EFFICACY LAMPS. Compact fluorescent lamps,T-8 or smaller diameter linear fluorescent lamps, or lampswith a minimum efficacy of:

1. 60 lumens per watt for lamps over 40 watts;

2. 50 lumens per watt for lamps over 15 watts to 40 watts;and

3. 40 lumens per watt for lamps 15 watts or less.

INFILTRATION. The uncontrolled inward air leakage into abuilding caused by the pressure effects of wind or the effect ofdifferences in the indoor and outdoor air density or both.

INSULATED SIDING. A type of continuous insulation withmanufacturer-installed insulating material as an integral part ofthe cladding product having a minimum R-value of R-2.

INSULATING SHEATHING. An insulating board with acore material having a minimum R-value of R-2.

LOW-VOLTAGE LIGHTING. Lighting equipment poweredthrough a transformer such as a cable conductor, a rail conduc-tor and track lighting.

MANUAL. Capable of being operated by personal interven-tion (see “Automatic”).

PROPOSED DESIGN. A description of the proposed build-ing used to estimate annual energy use for determining compli-ance based on total building performance.

RATED DESIGN. A description of the proposed buildingused to determine the energy rating index.

READILY ACCESSIBLE. Capable of being reached quicklyfor operation, renewal or inspection without requiring those towhom ready access is requisite to climb over or remove obsta-cles or to resort to portable ladders or access equipment (see“Accessible”).

R-VALUE (THERMAL RESISTANCE). The inverse of thetime rate of heat flow through a body from one of its boundingsurfaces to the other surface for a unit temperature differencebetween the two surfaces, under steady state conditions, perunit area (h · ft2 · °F/Btu) [(m2 · K)/W].

SERVICE WATER HEATING. Supply of hot water for pur-poses other than comfort heating.

SKYLIGHT. Glass or other transparent or translucent glazingmaterial installed at a slope of less than 60 degrees (1.05 rad)from horizontal. Glazing material in skylights, including unitskylights, solariums, sunrooms, roofs and sloped walls isincluded in this definition.

SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENT (SHGC). The ratio ofthe solar heat gain entering the space through the fenestrationassembly to the incident solar radiation. Solar heat gainincludes directly transmitted solar heat and absorbed solarradiation that is then reradiated, conducted or convected intothe space.

STANDARD REFERENCE DESIGN. A version of the pro-posed design that meets the minimum requirements of thiscode and is used to determine the maximum annual energy userequirement for compliance based on total building perfor-mance.

SUNROOM. A one-story structure attached to a dwelling witha glazing area in excess of 40 percent of the gross area of thestructure’s exterior walls and roof.

THERMAL ISOLATION. Physical and space conditioningseparation from conditioned space(s). The conditionedspace(s) shall be controlled as separate zones for heating andcooling or conditioned by separate equipment.

THERMOSTAT. An automatic control device used to main-tain temperature at a fixed or adjustable set point.

U-FACTOR (THERMAL TRANSMITTANCE). The coeffi-cient of heat transmission (air to air) through a building compo-nent or assembly, equal to the time rate of heat flow per unit

ENERGY EFFICIENCY


area and unit temperature difference between the warm sideand cold side air films (Btu/h · ft2 · °F) [W/(m2 · K)].

VENTILATION AIR. That portion of supply air that comesfrom outside (outdoors) plus any recirculated air that has beentreated to maintain the desired quality of air within a designatedspace.

VISIBLE TRANSMITTANCE [VT]. The ratio of visiblelight entering the space through the fenestration productassembly to the incident visible light, Visible Transmittance,includes the effects of glazing material and frame and isexpressed as a number between 0 and 1.

WHOLE HOUSE MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYS-TEM. An exhaust system, supply system, or combinationthereof that is designed to mechanically exchange indoor airwith outdoor air when operating continuously or through aprogrammed intermittent schedule to satisfy the whole houseventilation rates.

ZONE. A space or group of spaces within a building with heat-ing or cooling requirements that are sufficiently similar so thatdesired conditions can be maintained throughout using a singlecontrolling device.

N1101.7 (R301.1) Climate zones. Climate zones from Fig-ure N1101.7 or Table N1101.7 shall be used in determiningthe applicable requirements in Sections N1101 throughN1111. Locations not in Table N1101.7 (outside the UnitedStates) shall be assigned a climate zone based on SectionN101.10.2.

N1101.7.1 (R301.2) Warm humid counties. Warmhumid counties are identified in Table N1101.7 by anasterisk.

N1101.7.2 (R301.3) International climate zones. Theclimate zone for any location outside the United Statesshall be determined by applying Table N1101.7.2(1) andthen Table N1101.7.2(2).

N1101.8 (R301.4) Tropical climate zone. The tropical cli-mate zone shall be defined as:

1. Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, US Vir-gin Islands, Commonwealth of Northern MarianaIslands; and

2. Islands in the area between the Tropic of Cancer andthe Tropic of Capricorn.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY


FIG

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1101

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C

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ENERGY EFFICIENCY


TABLE N1101.7 (R301.1) CLIMATE ZONES, MOISTURE REGIMES, AND WARM-HUMID

DESIGNATIONS BY STATE, COUNTY AND TERRITORY

Key: A – Moist, B – Dry, C – Marine. Absence of moisture designation indicates moisture regime is irrelevant.Asterisk (*) indicates a warm-humid location.

US STATES

ALABAMA

3A Autauga*2A Baldwin*3A Barbour*3A Bibb3A Blount3A Bullock*3A Butler*3A Calhoun3A Chambers3A Cherokee3A Chilton3A Choctaw*3A Clarke*3A Clay3A Cleburne3A Coffee*3A Colbert3A Conecuh*3A Coosa3A Covington*3A Crenshaw*3A Cullman3A Dale*3A Dallas*3A DeKalb3A Elmore*3A Escambia*3A Etowah3A Fayette3A Franklin3A Geneva*3A Greene3A Hale3A Henry*3A Houston*3A Jackson3A Jefferson3A Lamar3A Lauderdale3A Lawrence

3A Lee3A Limestone3A Lowndes*3A Macon*3A Madison3A Marengo*3A Marion3A Marshall2A Mobile*3A Monroe*3A Montgomery*3A Morgan3A Perry*3A Pickens3A Pike*3A Randolph3A Russell*3A Shelby3A St. Clair3A Sumter3A Talladega3A Tallapoosa3A Tuscaloosa3A Walker3A Washington*3A Wilcox*3A Winston

ALASKA

7 Aleutians East7 Aleutians West7 Anchorage8 Bethel7 Bristol Bay7 Denali8 Dillingham8 Fairbanks North

Star7 Haines7 Juneau7 Kenai Peninsula7 Ketchikan

Gateway

7 Kodiak Island7 Lake and

Peninsula7 Matanuska-

Susitna8 Nome8 North Slope8 Northwest Arctic7 Prince of Wales

Outer Ketchikan7 Sitka7 Skagway-Hoonah-

Angoon8 Southeast

Fairbanks7 Valdez-Cordova8 Wade Hampton7 Wrangell-

Petersburg7 Yakutat8 Yukon-Koyukuk

ARIZONA

5B Apache3B Cochise5B Coconino4B Gila3B Graham3B Greenlee2B La Paz2B Maricopa3B Mohave5B Navajo2B Pima2B Pinal3B Santa Cruz4B Yavapai2B Yuma

ARKANSAS

3A Arkansas3A Ashley4A Baxter4A Benton

4A Boone3A Bradley3A Calhoun4A Carroll3A Chicot3A Clark3A Clay3A Cleburne3A Cleveland3A Columbia*3A Conway3A Craighead3A Crawford3A Crittenden3A Cross3A Dallas3A Desha3A Drew3A Faulkner3A Franklin4A Fulton3A Garland3A Grant3A Greene3A Hempstead*3A Hot Spring3A Howard3A Independence4A Izard3A Jackson3A Jefferson3A Johnson3A Lafayette*3A Lawrence3A Lee3A Lincoln3A Little River*3A Logan3A Lonoke4A Madison4A Marion3A Miller*

3A Mississippi3A Monroe3A Montgomery3A Nevada4A Newton3A Ouachita3A Perry3A Phillips3A Pike3A Poinsett3A Polk3A Pope3A Prairie3A Pulaski3A Randolph3A Saline3A Scott4A Searcy3A Sebastian3A Sevier*3A Sharp3A St. Francis4A Stone3A Union*3A Van Buren4A Washington3A White3A Woodruff3A Yell

CALIFORNIA

3C Alameda6B Alpine4B Amador3B Butte4B Calaveras3B Colusa3B Contra Costa4C Del Norte4B El Dorado3B Fresno3B Glenn

(continued)

ENERGY EFFICIENCY


TABLE N1101.7 (R301.1)—continued CLIMATE ZONES, MOISTURE REGIMES, AND WARM-HUMID


4C Humboldt2B Imperial4B Inyo3B Kern3B Kings4B Lake5B Lassen3B Los Angeles3B Madera3C Marin4B Mariposa3C Mendocino3B Merced5B Modoc6B Mono3C Monterey3C Napa5B Nevada3B Orange3B Placer5B Plumas3B Riverside3B Sacramento3C San Benito3B San Bernardino3B San Diego3C San Francisco3B San Joaquin3C San Luis Obispo3C San Mateo3C Santa Barbara3C Santa Clara3C Santa Cruz3B Shasta5B Sierra5B Siskiyou3B Solano3C Sonoma3B Stanislaus3B Sutter3B Tehama4B Trinity3B Tulare4B Tuolumne3C Ventura3B Yolo

3B Yuba

COLORADO

5B Adams6B Alamosa5B Arapahoe6B Archuleta4B Baca5B Bent5B Boulder5B Broomfield6B Chaffee5B Cheyenne7 Clear Creek6B Conejos6B Costilla5B Crowley6B Custer5B Delta5B Denver6B Dolores5B Douglas6B Eagle5B Elbert5B El Paso5B Fremont5B Garfield5B Gilpin7 Grand7 Gunnison7 Hinsdale5B Huerfano7 Jackson5B Jefferson5B Kiowa5B Kit Carson7 Lake5B La Plata5B Larimer4B Las Animas5B Lincoln5B Logan5B Mesa7 Mineral6B Moffat5B Montezuma5B Montrose

5B Morgan4B Otero6B Ouray7 Park5B Phillips7 Pitkin5B Prowers5B Pueblo6B Rio Blanco7 Rio Grande7 Routt6B Saguache7 San Juan6B San Miguel5B Sedgwick7 Summit5B Teller5B Washington5B Weld5B Yuma

CONNECTICUT

5A (all)

DELAWARE

4A (all)

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

4A (all)

FLORIDA

2A Alachua*2A Baker*2A Bay*2A Bradford*2A Brevard*1A Broward*2A Calhoun*2A Charlotte*2A Citrus*2A Clay*2A Collier*2A Columbia*2A DeSoto*2A Dixie*2A Duval*2A Escambia*

2A Flagler*2A Franklin*2A Gadsden*2A Gilchrist*2A Glades*2A Gulf*2A Hamilton*2A Hardee*2A Hendry*2A Hernando*2A Highlands*2A Hillsborough*2A Holmes*2A Indian River*2A Jackson*2A Jefferson*2A Lafayette*2A Lake*2A Lee*2A Leon*2A Levy*2A Liberty*2A Madison*2A Manatee*2A Marion*2A Martin*1A Miami-Dade*1A Monroe*2A Nassau*2A Okaloosa*2A Okeechobee*2A Orange*2A Osceola*2A Palm Beach*2A Pasco*2A Pinellas*2A Polk*2A Putnam*2A Santa Rosa*2A Sarasota*2A Seminole*2A St. Johns*2A St. Lucie*2A Sumter*2A Suwannee*2A Taylor*

2A Union*2A Volusia*2A Wakulla*2A Walton*2A Washington*

GEORGIA

2A Appling*2A Atkinson*2A Bacon*2A Baker*3A Baldwin4A Banks3A Barrow3A Bartow3A Ben Hill*2A Berrien*3A Bibb3A Bleckley*2A Brantley*2A Brooks*2A Bryan*3A Bulloch*3A Burke3A Butts3A Calhoun*2A Camden*3A Candler*3A Carroll4A Catoosa2A Charlton*2A Chatham*3A Chattahoochee*4A Chattooga3A Cherokee3A Clarke3A Clay*3A Clayton2A Clinch*3A Cobb3A Coffee*2A Colquitt*3A Columbia2A Cook*3A Coweta

(continued)

ENERGY EFFICIENCY




3A Crawford3A Crisp*4A Dade4A Dawson2A Decatur*3A DeKalb3A Dodge*3A Dooly*3A Dougherty*3A Douglas3A Early*2A Echols*2A Effingham*3A Elbert3A Emanuel*2A Evans*4A Fannin3A Fayette4A Floyd3A Forsyth4A Franklin3A Fulton4A Gilmer3A Glascock2A Glynn*4A Gordon2A Grady*3A Greene3A Gwinnett4A Habersham4A Hall3A Hancock3A Haralson3A Harris3A Hart3A Heard3A Henry3A Houston*3A Irwin*3A Jackson3A Jasper2A Jeff Davis*3A Jefferson3A Jenkins*3A Johnson*3A Jones3A Lamar

2A Lanier*3A Laurens*3A Lee*2A Liberty*3A Lincoln2A Long*2A Lowndes*4A Lumpkin3A Macon*3A Madison3A Marion*3A McDuffie2A McIntosh*3A Meriwether2A Miller*2A Mitchell*3A Monroe3A Montgomery*3A Morgan4A Murray3A Muscogee3A Newton3A Oconee3A Oglethorpe3A Paulding3A Peach*4A Pickens2A Pierce*3A Pike3A Polk3A Pulaski*3A Putnam3A Quitman*4A Rabun3A Randolph*3A Richmond3A Rockdale3A Schley*3A Screven*2A Seminole*3A Spalding4A Stephens3A Stewart*3A Sumter*3A Talbot3A Taliaferro2A Tattnall*

3A Taylor*3A Telfair*3A Terrell*2A Thomas*3A Tift*2A Toombs*4A Towns3A Treutlen*3A Troup3A Turner*3A Twiggs*4A Union3A Upson4A Walker3A Walton2A Ware*3A Warren3A Washington2A Wayne*3A Webster*3A Wheeler*4A White4A Whitfield3A Wilcox*3A Wilkes3A Wilkinson3A Worth*

HAWAII

1A (all)*

IDAHO

5B Ada6B Adams6B Bannock6B Bear Lake5B Benewah6B Bingham6B Blaine6B Boise6B Bonner6B Bonneville6B Boundary6B Butte6B Camas5B Canyon6B Caribou

5B Cassia6B Clark5B Clearwater6B Custer5B Elmore6B Franklin6B Fremont5B Gem5B Gooding5B Idaho6B Jefferson5B Jerome5B Kootenai5B Latah6B Lemhi5B Lewis5B Lincoln6B Madison5B Minidoka5B Nez Perce6B Oneida5B Owyhee5B Payette5B Power5B Shoshone6B Teton5B Twin Falls6B Valley5B Washington

ILLINOIS

5A Adams4A Alexander4A Bond5A Boone5A Brown5A Bureau5A Calhoun5A Carroll5A Cass5A Champaign4A Christian5A Clark4A Clay4A Clinton5A Coles5A Cook

4A Crawford5A Cumberland5A DeKalb5A De Witt5A Douglas5A DuPage5A Edgar4A Edwards4A Effingham4A Fayette5A Ford4A Franklin5A Fulton4A Gallatin5A Greene5A Grundy4A Hamilton5A Hancock4A Hardin5A Henderson5A Henry5A Iroquois4A Jackson4A Jasper4A Jefferson5A Jersey5A Jo Daviess4A Johnson5A Kane5A Kankakee5A Kendall5A Knox5A Lake5A La Salle4A Lawrence5A Lee5A Livingston5A Logan5A Macon4A Macoupin4A Madison4A Marion5A Marshall5A Mason4A Massac5A McDonough5A McHenry

(continued)

ENERGY EFFICIENCY




5A McLean5A Menard5A Mercer4A Monroe4A Montgomery5A Morgan5A Moultrie5A Ogle5A Peoria4A Perry5A Piatt5A Pike4A Pope4A Pulaski5A Putnam4A Randolph4A Richland5A Rock Island4A Saline5A Sangamon5A Schuyler5A Scott4A Shelby5A Stark4A St. Clair5A Stephenson5A Tazewell4A Union5A Vermilion4A Wabash5A Warren4A Washington4A Wayne4A White5A Whiteside5A Will4A Williamson5A Winnebago5A Woodford

INDIANA

5A Adams5A Allen5A Bartholomew5A Benton5A Blackford

5A Boone4A Brown5A Carroll5A Cass4A Clark5A Clay5A Clinton4A Crawford4A Daviess4A Dearborn5A Decatur5A De Kalb5A Delaware4A Dubois5A Elkhart5A Fayette4A Floyd5A Fountain5A Franklin5A Fulton4A Gibson5A Grant4A Greene5A Hamilton5A Hancock4A Harrison5A Hendricks5A Henry5A Howard5A Huntington4A Jackson5A Jasper5A Jay4A Jefferson4A Jennings5A Johnson4A Knox5A Kosciusko5A Lagrange5A Lake5A La Porte4A Lawrence5A Madison5A Marion5A Marshall4A Martin

5A Miami4A Monroe5A Montgomery5A Morgan5A Newton5A Noble4A Ohio4A Orange5A Owen5A Parke4A Perry4A Pike5A Porter4A Posey5A Pulaski5A Putnam5A Randolph4A Ripley5A Rush4A Scott5A Shelby4A Spencer5A Starke5A Steuben5A St. Joseph4A Sullivan4A Switzerland5A Tippecanoe5A Tipton5A Union4A Vanderburgh5A Vermillion5A Vigo5A Wabash5A Warren4A Warrick4A Washington5A Wayne5A Wells5A White5A Whitley

IOWA

5A Adair5A Adams6A Allamakee

5A Appanoose5A Audubon5A Benton6A Black Hawk5A Boone6A Bremer6A Buchanan6A Buena Vista6A Butler6A Calhoun5A Carroll5A Cass5A Cedar6A Cerro Gordo6A Cherokee6A Chickasaw5A Clarke6A Clay6A Clayton5A Clinton5A Crawford5A Dallas5A Davis5A Decatur6A Delaware5A Des Moines6A Dickinson5A Dubuque6A Emmet6A Fayette6A Floyd6A Franklin5A Fremont5A Greene6A Grundy5A Guthrie6A Hamilton6A Hancock6A Hardin5A Harrison5A Henry6A Howard6A Humboldt6A Ida5A Iowa5A Jackson

5A Jasper5A Jefferson5A Johnson5A Jones5A Keokuk6A Kossuth5A Lee5A Linn5A Louisa5A Lucas6A Lyon5A Madison5A Mahaska5A Marion5A Marshall5A Mills6A Mitchell5A Monona5A Monroe5A Montgomery5A Muscatine6A O’Brien6A Osceola5A Page6A Palo Alto6A Plymouth6A Pocahontas5A Polk5A Pottawattamie5A Poweshiek5A Ringgold6A Sac5A Scott5A Shelby6A Sioux5A Story5A Tama5A Taylor5A Union5A Van Buren5A Wapello5A Warren5A Washington5A Wayne6A Webster6A Winnebago

(continued)

ENERGY EFFICIENCY




6A Winneshiek5A Woodbury6A Worth6A Wright

KANSAS

4A Allen4A Anderson4A Atchison4A Barber4A Barton4A Bourbon4A Brown4A Butler4A Chase4A Chautauqua4A Cherokee5A Cheyenne4A Clark4A Clay5A Cloud4A Coffey4A Comanche4A Cowley4A Crawford5A Decatur4A Dickinson4A Doniphan4A Douglas4A Edwards4A Elk5A Ellis4A Ellsworth4A Finney4A Ford4A Franklin4A Geary5A Gove5A Graham4A Grant4A Gray5A Greeley4A Greenwood5A Hamilton4A Harper4A Harvey4A Haskell

4A Hodgeman4A Jackson4A Jefferson5A Jewell4A Johnson4A Kearny4A Kingman4A Kiowa4A Labette5A Lane4A Leavenworth4A Lincoln4A Linn5A Logan4A Lyon4A Marion4A Marshall4A McPherson4A Meade4A Miami5A Mitchell4A Montgomery4A Morris4A Morton4A Nemaha4A Neosho5A Ness5A Norton4A Osage5A Osborne4A Ottawa4A Pawnee5A Phillips4A Pottawatomie4A Pratt5A Rawlins4A Reno5A Republic4A Rice4A Riley5A Rooks4A Rush4A Russell4A Saline5A Scott4A Sedgwick

4A Seward4A Shawnee5A Sheridan5A Sherman5A Smith4A Stafford4A Stanton4A Stevens4A Sumner5A Thomas5A Trego4A Wabaunsee5A Wallace4A Washington5A Wichita4A Wilson4A Woodson4A Wyandotte

KENTUCKY

4A (all)

LOUISIANA

2A Acadia*2A Allen*2A Ascension*2A Assumption*2A Avoyelles*2A Beauregard*3A Bienville*3A Bossier*3A Caddo*2A Calcasieu*3A Caldwell*2A Cameron*3A Catahoula*3A Claiborne*3A Concordia*3A De Soto*2A East Baton

Rouge*3A East Carroll2A East Feliciana*2A Evangeline*3A Franklin*3A Grant*2A Iberia*

2A Iberville*3A Jackson*2A Jefferson*2A Jefferson Davis*2A Lafayette*2A Lafourche*3A La Salle*3A Lincoln*2A Livingston*3A Madison*3A Morehouse3A Natchitoches*2A Orleans*3A Ouachita*2A Plaquemines*2A Pointe Coupee*2A Rapides*3A Red River*3A Richland*3A Sabine*2A St. Bernard*2A St. Charles*2A St. Helena*2A St. James*2A St. John the

Baptist*2A St. Landry*2A St. Martin*2A St. Mary*2A St. Tammany*2A Tangipahoa*3A Tensas*2A Terrebonne*3A Union*2A Vermilion*3A Vernon*2A Washington*3A Webster*2A West Baton

Rouge*3A West Carroll2A West Feliciana*3A Winn*

MAINE

6A Androscoggin7 Aroostook

6A Cumberland6A Franklin6A Hancock6A Kennebec6A Knox6A Lincoln6A Oxford6A Penobscot6A Piscataquis6A Sagadahoc6A Somerset6A Waldo6A Washington6A York

MARYLAND

4A Allegany4A Anne Arundel4A Baltimore4A Baltimore (city)4A Calvert4A Caroline4A Carroll4A Cecil4A Charles4A Dorchester4A Frederick5A Garrett4A Harford4A Howard4A Kent4A Montgomery4A Prince George’s4A Queen Anne’s4A Somerset4A St. Mary’s4A Talbot4A Washington4A Wicomico4A Worcester

MASSACHSETTS

5A (all)

MICHIGAN

6A Alcona6A Alger

(continued)

ENERGY EFFICIENCY




5A Allegan6A Alpena6A Antrim6A Arenac7 Baraga5A Barry5A Bay6A Benzie5A Berrien5A Branch5A Calhoun5A Cass6A Charlevoix6A Cheboygan7 Chippewa6A Clare5A Clinton6A Crawford6A Delta6A Dickinson5A Eaton6A Emmet5A Genesee6A Gladwin7 Gogebic6A Grand Traverse5A Gratiot5A Hillsdale7 Houghton6A Huron5A Ingham5A Ionia6A Iosco7 Iron6A Isabella5A Jackson5A Kalamazoo6A Kalkaska5A Kent7 Keweenaw6A Lake5A Lapeer6A Leelanau5A Lenawee5A Livingston7 Luce

7 Mackinac5A Macomb6A Manistee6A Marquette6A Mason6A Mecosta6A Menominee5A Midland6A Missaukee5A Monroe5A Montcalm6A Montmorency5A Muskegon6A Newaygo5A Oakland6A Oceana6A Ogemaw7 Ontonagon6A Osceola6A Oscoda6A Otsego5A Ottawa6A Presque Isle6A Roscommon5A Saginaw6A Sanilac7 Schoolcraft5A Shiawassee5A St. Clair5A St. Joseph5A Tuscola5A Van Buren5A Washtenaw5A Wayne6A Wexford

MINNESOTA

7 Aitkin6A Anoka7 Becker7 Beltrami6A Benton6A Big Stone6A Blue Earth6A Brown7 Carlton

6A Carver7 Cass6A Chippewa6A Chisago7 Clay7 Clearwater7 Cook6A Cottonwood7 Crow Wing6A Dakota6A Dodge6A Douglas6A Faribault6A Fillmore6A Freeborn6A Goodhue7 Grant6A Hennepin6A Houston7 Hubbard6A Isanti7 Itasca6A Jackson7 Kanabec6A Kandiyohi7 Kittson7 Koochiching6A Lac qui Parle7 Lake7 Lake of the Woods6A Le Sueur6A Lincoln6A Lyon7 Mahnomen7 Marshall6A Martin6A McLeod6A Meeker7 Mille Lacs6A Morrison6A Mower6A Murray6A Nicollet6A Nobles7 Norman6A Olmsted

7 Otter Tail7 Pennington7 Pine6A Pipestone7 Polk6A Pope6A Ramsey7 Red Lake6A Redwood6A Renville6A Rice6A Rock7 Roseau6A Scott6A Sherburne6A Sibley6A Stearns6A Steele6A Stevens7 St. Louis6A Swift6A Todd6A Traverse6A Wabasha7 Wadena6A Waseca6A Washington6A Watonwan7 Wilkin6A Winona6A Wright6A Yellow Medicine

MISSISSIPPI

3A Adams*3A Alcorn3A Amite*3A Attala3A Benton3A Bolivar3A Calhoun3A Carroll3A Chickasaw3A Choctaw3A Claiborne*3A Clarke

3A Clay3A Coahoma3A Copiah*3A Covington*3A DeSoto3A Forrest*3A Franklin*3A George*3A Greene*3A Grenada2A Hancock*2A Harrison*3A Hinds*3A Holmes3A Humphreys3A Issaquena3A Itawamba2A Jackson*3A Jasper3A Jefferson*3A Jefferson Davis*3A Jones*3A Kemper3A Lafayette3A Lamar*3A Lauderdale3A Lawrence*3A Leake3A Lee3A Leflore3A Lincoln*3A Lowndes3A Madison3A Marion*3A Marshall3A Monroe3A Montgomery3A Neshoba3A Newton3A Noxubee3A Oktibbeha3A Panola2A Pearl River*3A Perry*3A Pike*

(continued)

ENERGY EFFICIENCY




3A Pontotoc3A Prentiss3A Quitman3A Rankin*3A Scott3A Sharkey3A Simpson*3A Smith*2A Stone*3A Sunflower3A Tallahatchie3A Tate3A Tippah3A Tishomingo3A Tunica3A Union3A Walthall*3A Warren*3A Washington3A Wayne*3A Webster3A Wilkinson*3A Winston3A Yalobusha3A Yazoo

MISSOURI

5A Adair5A Andrew5A Atchison4A Audrain4A Barry4A Barton4A Bates4A Benton4A Bollinger4A Boone5A Buchanan4A Butler5A Caldwell4A Callaway4A Camden4A Cape Girardeau4A Carroll4A Carter4A Cass4A Cedar

5A Chariton4A Christian5A Clark4A Clay5A Clinton4A Cole4A Cooper4A Crawford4A Dade4A Dallas5A Daviess5A DeKalb4A Dent4A Douglas4A Dunklin4A Franklin4A Gasconade5A Gentry4A Greene5A Grundy5A Harrison4A Henry4A Hickory5A Holt4A Howard4A Howell4A Iron4A Jackson4A Jasper4A Jefferson4A Johnson5A Knox4A Laclede4A Lafayette4A Lawrence5A Lewis4A Lincoln5A Linn5A Livingston5A Macon4A Madison4A Maries5A Marion4A McDonald5A Mercer4A Miller

4A Mississippi4A Moniteau4A Monroe4A Montgomery4A Morgan4A New Madrid4A Newton5A Nodaway4A Oregon4A Osage4A Ozark4A Pemiscot4A Perry4A Pettis4A Phelps5A Pike4A Platte4A Polk4A Pulaski5A Putnam5A Ralls4A Randolph4A Ray4A Reynolds4A Ripley4A Saline5A Schuyler5A Scotland4A Scott4A Shannon5A Shelby4A St. Charles4A St. Clair4A Ste. Genevieve4A St. Francois4A St. Louis4A St. Louis (city)4A Stoddard4A Stone5A Sullivan4A Taney4A Texas4A Vernon4A Warren4A Washington4A Wayne

4A Webster5A Worth4A Wright

MONTANA

6B (all)

NEBRASKA

5A (all)

NEVADA

5B Carson City (city)5B Churchill3B Clark5B Douglas5B Elko5B Esmeralda5B Eureka5B Humboldt5B Lander5B Lincoln5B Lyon5B Mineral5B Nye5B Pershing5B Storey5B Washoe5B White Pine

NEW HAMPSHIRE

6A Belknap6A Carroll5A Cheshire6A Coos6A Grafton5A Hillsborough6A Merrimack5A Rockingham5A Strafford6A Sullivan

NEW JERSEY

4A Atlantic5A Bergen4A Burlington4A Camden4A Cape May

4A Cumberland4A Essex4A Gloucester4A Hudson5A Hunterdon5A Mercer4A Middlesex4A Monmouth5A Morris4A Ocean5A Passaic4A Salem5A Somerset5A Sussex4A Union5A Warren

NEW MEXICO

4B Bernalillo5B Catron3B Chaves4B Cibola5B Colfax4B Curry4B DeBaca3B Dona Ana3B Eddy4B Grant4B Guadalupe5B Harding3B Hidalgo3B Lea4B Lincoln5B Los Alamos3B Luna5B McKinley5B Mora3B Otero4B Quay5B Rio Arriba4B Roosevelt5B Sandoval5B San Juan5B San Miguel5B Santa Fe4B Sierra4B Socorro

(continued)

ENERGY EFFICIENCY




5B Taos5B Torrance4B Union4B Valencia

NEW YORK

5A Albany6A Allegany4A Bronx6A Broome6A Cattaraugus5A Cayuga5A Chautauqua5A Chemung6A Chenango6A Clinton5A Columbia5A Cortland6A Delaware5A Dutchess5A Erie6A Essex6A Franklin6A Fulton5A Genesee5A Greene6A Hamilton6A Herkimer6A Jefferson4A Kings6A Lewis5A Livingston6A Madison5A Monroe6A Montgomery4A Nassau4A New York5A Niagara6A Oneida5A Onondaga5A Ontario5A Orange5A Orleans5A Oswego6A Otsego5A Putnam

4A Queens5A Rensselaer4A Richmond5A Rockland5A Saratoga5A Schenectady6A Schoharie6A Schuyler5A Seneca6A Steuben6A St. Lawrence4A Suffolk6A Sullivan5A Tioga6A Tompkins6A Ulster6A Warren5A Washington5A Wayne4A Westchester6A Wyoming5A Yates

NORTHCAROLINA

4A Alamance4A Alexander5A Alleghany3A Anson5A Ashe5A Avery3A Beaufort4A Bertie3A Bladen3A Brunswick*4A Buncombe4A Burke3A Cabarrus4A Caldwell3A Camden3A Carteret*4A Caswell4A Catawba4A Chatham4A Cherokee3A Chowan

4A Clay4A Cleveland3A Columbus*3A Craven3A Cumberland3A Currituck3A Dare3A Davidson4A Davie3A Duplin4A Durham3A Edgecombe4A Forsyth4A Franklin3A Gaston4A Gates4A Graham4A Granville3A Greene4A Guilford4A Halifax4A Harnett4A Haywood4A Henderson4A Hertford3A Hoke3A Hyde4A Iredell4A Jackson3A Johnston3A Jones4A Lee3A Lenoir4A Lincoln4A Macon4A Madison3A Martin4A McDowell3A Mecklenburg5A Mitchell3A Montgomery3A Moore4A Nash3A New Hanover*4A Northampton3A Onslow*

4A Orange3A Pamlico3A Pasquotank3A Pender*3A Perquimans4A Person3A Pitt4A Polk3A Randolph3A Richmond3A Robeson4A Rockingham3A Rowan4A Rutherford3A Sampson3A Scotland3A Stanly4A Stokes4A Surry4A Swain4A Transylvania3A Tyrrell3A Union4A Vance4A Wake4A Warren3A Washington5A Watauga3A Wayne4A Wilkes3A Wilson4A Yadkin5A Yancey

NORTH DAKOTA

6A Adams7 Barnes7 Benson6A Billings7 Bottineau6A Bowman7 Burke6A Burleigh7 Cass7 Cavalier6A Dickey

7 Divide6A Dunn7 Eddy6A Emmons7 Foster6A Golden Valley7 Grand Forks6A Grant7 Griggs6A Hettinger7 Kidder6A LaMoure6A Logan7 McHenry6A McIntosh6A McKenzie7 McLean6A Mercer6A Morton7 Mountrail7 Nelson6A Oliver7 Pembina7 Pierce7 Ramsey6A Ransom7 Renville6A Richland7 Rolette6A Sargent7 Sheridan6A Sioux6A Slope6A Stark7 Steele7 Stutsman7 Towner7 Traill7 Walsh7 Ward7 Wells7 Williams

OHIO

4A Adams5A Allen

(continued)

ENERGY EFFICIENCY




5A Ashland5A Ashtabula5A Athens5A Auglaize5A Belmont4A Brown5A Butler5A Carroll5A Champaign5A Clark4A Clermont5A Clinton5A Columbiana5A Coshocton5A Crawford5A Cuyahoga5A Darke5A Defiance5A Delaware5A Erie5A Fairfield5A Fayette5A Franklin5A Fulton4A Gallia5A Geauga5A Greene5A Guernsey4A Hamilton5A Hancock5A Hardin5A Harrison5A Henry5A Highland5A Hocking5A Holmes5A Huron5A Jackson5A Jefferson5A Knox5A Lake4A Lawrence5A Licking5A Logan5A Lorain5A Lucas5A Madison

5A Mahoning5A Marion5A Medina5A Meigs5A Mercer5A Miami5A Monroe5A Montgomery5A Morgan5A Morrow5A Muskingum5A Noble5A Ottawa5A Paulding5A Perry5A Pickaway4A Pike5A Portage5A Preble5A Putnam5A Richland5A Ross5A Sandusky4A Scioto5A Seneca5A Shelby5A Stark5A Summit5A Trumbull5A Tuscarawas5A Union5A Van Wert5A Vinton5A Warren4A Washington5A Wayne5A Williams5A Wood5A Wyandot

OKLAHOMA

3A Adair3A Alfalfa3A Atoka4B Beaver3A Beckham3A Blaine

3A Bryan3A Caddo3A Canadian3A Carter3A Cherokee3A Choctaw4B Cimarron3A Cleveland3A Coal3A Comanche3A Cotton3A Craig3A Creek3A Custer3A Delaware3A Dewey3A Ellis3A Garfield3A Garvin3A Grady3A Grant3A Greer3A Harmon3A Harper3A Haskell3A Hughes3A Jackson3A Jefferson3A Johnston3A Kay3A Kingfisher3A Kiowa3A Latimer3A Le Flore3A Lincoln3A Logan3A Love3A Major3A Marshall3A Mayes3A McClain3A McCurtain3A McIntosh3A Murray3A Muskogee3A Noble3A Nowata

3A Okfuskee3A Oklahoma3A Okmulgee3A Osage3A Ottawa3A Pawnee3A Payne3A Pittsburg3A Pontotoc3A Pottawatomie3A Pushmataha3A Roger Mills3A Rogers3A Seminole3A Sequoyah3A Stephens4B Texas3A Tillman3A Tulsa3A Wagoner3A Washington3A Washita3A Woods3A Woodward

OREGON

5B Baker4C Benton4C Clackamas4C Clatsop4C Columbia4C Coos5B Crook4C Curry5B Deschutes4C Douglas5B Gilliam5B Grant5B Harney5B Hood River4C Jackson5B Jefferson4C Josephine5B Klamath5B Lake4C Lane4C Lincoln

4C Linn5B Malheur4C Marion5B Morrow4C Multnomah4C Polk5B Sherman4C Tillamook5B Umatilla5B Union5B Wallowa5B Wasco4C Washington5B Wheeler4C Yamhill

PENNSYLVANIA

5A Adams5A Allegheny5A Armstrong5A Beaver5A Bedford5A Berks5A Blair5A Bradford4A Bucks5A Butler5A Cambria6A Cameron5A Carbon5A Centre4A Chester5A Clarion6A Clearfield5A Clinton5A Columbia5A Crawford5A Cumberland5A Dauphin4A Delaware6A Elk5A Erie5A Fayette5A Forest5A Franklin5A Fulton5A Greene

(continued)

ENERGY EFFICIENCY




5A Huntingdon5A Indiana5A Jefferson5A Juniata5A Lackawanna5A Lancaster5A Lawrence5A Lebanon5A Lehigh5A Luzerne5A Lycoming6A McKean5A Mercer5A Mifflin5A Monroe4A Montgomery5A Montour5A Northampton5A Northumberland5A Perry4A Philadelphia5A Pike6A Potter5A Schuylkill5A Snyder5A Somerset5A Sullivan6A Susquehanna6A Tioga5A Union5A Venango5A Warren5A Washington6A Wayne5A Westmoreland5A Wyoming4A York

RHODE ISLAND

5A (all)

SOUTHCAROLINA

3A Abbeville3A Aiken3A Allendale*3A Anderson

3A Bamberg*3A Barnwell*3A Beaufort*3A Berkeley*3A Calhoun3A Charleston*3A Cherokee3A Chester3A Chesterfield3A Clarendon3A Colleton*3A Darlington3A Dillon3A Dorchester*3A Edgefield3A Fairfield3A Florence3A Georgetown*3A Greenville3A Greenwood3A Hampton*3A Horry*3A Jasper*3A Kershaw3A Lancaster3A Laurens3A Lee3A Lexington3A Marion3A Marlboro3A McCormick3A Newberry3A Oconee3A Orangeburg3A Pickens3A Richland3A Saluda3A Spartanburg3A Sumter3A Union3A Williamsburg3A York

SOUTH DAKOTA

6A Aurora6A Beadle

5A Bennett5A Bon Homme6A Brookings6A Brown6A Brule6A Buffalo6A Butte6A Campbell5A Charles Mix6A Clark5A Clay6A Codington6A Corson6A Custer6A Davison6A Day6A Deuel6A Dewey5A Douglas6A Edmunds6A Fall River6A Faulk6A Grant5A Gregory6A Haakon6A Hamlin6A Hand6A Hanson6A Harding6A Hughes5A Hutchinson6A Hyde5A Jackson6A Jerauld6A Jones6A Kingsbury6A Lake6A Lawrence6A Lincoln6A Lyman6A Marshall6A McCook6A McPherson6A Meade5A Mellette6A Miner

6A Minnehaha6A Moody6A Pennington6A Perkins6A Potter6A Roberts6A Sanborn6A Shannon6A Spink6A Stanley6A Sully5A Todd5A Tripp6A Turner5A Union6A Walworth5A Yankton6A Ziebach

TENNESSEE

4A Anderson4A Bedford4A Benton4A Bledsoe4A Blount4A Bradley4A Campbell4A Cannon4A Carroll4A Carter4A Cheatham3A Chester4A Claiborne4A Clay4A Cocke4A Coffee3A Crockett4A Cumberland4A Davidson4A Decatur4A DeKalb4A Dickson3A Dyer3A Fayette4A Fentress4A Franklin

4A Gibson4A Giles4A Grainger4A Greene4A Grundy4A Hamblen4A Hamilton4A Hancock3A Hardeman3A Hardin4A Hawkins3A Haywood3A Henderson4A Henry4A Hickman4A Houston4A Humphreys4A Jackson4A Jefferson4A Johnson4A Knox3A Lake3A Lauderdale4A Lawrence4A Lewis4A Lincoln4A Loudon4A Macon3A Madison4A Marion4A Marshall4A Maury4A McMinn3A McNairy4A Meigs4A Monroe4A Montgomery4A Moore4A Morgan4A Obion4A Overton4A Perry4A Pickett4A Polk4A Putnam4A Rhea

(continued)

ENERGY EFFICIENCY




4A Roane4A Robertson4A Rutherford4A Scott4A Sequatchie4A Sevier3A Shelby4A Smith4A Stewart4A Sullivan4A Sumner3A Tipton4A Trousdale4A Unicoi4A Union4A Van Buren4A Warren4A Washington4A Wayne4A Weakley4A White4A Williamson4A Wilson

TEXAS

2A Anderson*3B Andrews2A Angelina*2A Aransas*3A Archer4B Armstrong2A Atascosa*2A Austin*4B Bailey2B Bandera2A Bastrop*3B Baylor2A Bee*2A Bell*2A Bexar*3A Blanco*3B Borden2A Bosque*3A Bowie*2A Brazoria*2A Brazos*

3B Brewster4B Briscoe2A Brooks*3A Brown*2A Burleson*3A Burnet*2A Caldwell*2A Calhoun*3B Callahan2A Cameron*3A Camp*4B Carson3A Cass*4B Castro2A Chambers*2A Cherokee*3B Childress3A Clay4B Cochran3B Coke3B Coleman3A Collin*3B Collingsworth2A Colorado*2A Comal*3A Comanche*3B Concho3A Cooke2A Coryell*3B Cottle3B Crane3B Crockett3B Crosby3B Culberson4B Dallam3A Dallas*3B Dawson4B Deaf Smith3A Delta3A Denton*2A DeWitt*3B Dickens2B Dimmit4B Donley2A Duval*3A Eastland

3B Ector2B Edwards3A Ellis*3B El Paso3A Erath*2A Falls*3A Fannin2A Fayette*3B Fisher4B Floyd3B Foard2A Fort Bend*3A Franklin*2A Freestone*2B Frio3B Gaines2A Galveston*3B Garza3A Gillespie*3B Glasscock2A Goliad*2A Gonzales*4B Gray3A Grayson3A Gregg*2A Grimes*2A Guadalupe*4B Hale3B Hall3A Hamilton*4B Hansford3B Hardeman2A Hardin*2A Harris*3A Harrison*4B Hartley3B Haskell2A Hays*3B Hemphill3A Henderson*2A Hidalgo*2A Hill*4B Hockley3A Hood*3A Hopkins*2A Houston*

3B Howard3B Hudspeth3A Hunt*4B Hutchinson3B Irion3A Jack2A Jackson*2A Jasper*3B Jeff Davis2A Jefferson*2A Jim Hogg*2A Jim Wells*3A Johnson*3B Jones2A Karnes*3A Kaufman*3A Kendall*2A Kenedy*3B Kent3B Kerr3B Kimble3B King2B Kinney2A Kleberg*3B Knox3A Lamar*4B Lamb3A Lampasas*2B La Salle2A Lavaca*2A Lee*2A Leon*2A Liberty*2A Limestone*4B Lipscomb2A Live Oak*3A Llano*3B Loving3B Lubbock3B Lynn2A Madison*3A Marion*3B Martin3B Mason2A Matagorda*2B Maverick

3B McCulloch2A McLennan*2A McMullen*2B Medina3B Menard3B Midland2A Milam*3A Mills*3B Mitchell3A Montague2A Montgomery*4B Moore3A Morris*3B Motley3A Nacogdoches*3A Navarro*2A Newton*3B Nolan2A Nueces*4B Ochiltree4B Oldham2A Orange*3A Palo Pinto*3A Panola*3A Parker*4B Parmer3B Pecos2A Polk*4B Potter3B Presidio3A Rains*4B Randall3B Reagan2B Real3A Red River*3B Reeves2A Refugio*4B Roberts2A Robertson*3A Rockwall*3B Runnels3A Rusk*3A Sabine*3A San Augustine*2A San Jacinto*2A San Patricio*

(continued)

ENERGY EFFICIENCY




3A San Saba*3B Schleicher3B Scurry3B Shackelford3A Shelby*4B Sherman3A Smith*3A Somervell*2A Starr*3A Stephens3B Sterling3B Stonewall3B Sutton4B Swisher3A Tarrant*3B Taylor3B Terrell3B Terry3B Throckmorton3A Titus*3B Tom Green2A Travis*2A Trinity*2A Tyler*3A Upshur*3B Upton2B Uvalde2B Val Verde3A Van Zandt*2A Victoria*2A Walker*2A Waller*3B Ward2A Washington*2B Webb2A Wharton*3B Wheeler3A Wichita3B Wilbarger2A Willacy*2A Williamson*2A Wilson*3B Winkler3A Wise3A Wood*4B Yoakum

3A Young2B Zapata2B Zavala

UTAH

5B Beaver6B Box Elder6B Cache6B Carbon6B Daggett5B Davis6B Duchesne5B Emery5B Garfield5B Grand5B Iron5B Juab5B Kane5B Millard6B Morgan5B Piute6B Rich5B Salt Lake5B San Juan5B Sanpete5B Sevier6B Summit5B Tooele6B Uintah5B Utah6B Wasatch3B Washington5B Wayne5B Weber

VERMONT

6A (all)

VIRGINIA

4A (all)

WASHINGTON

5B Adams5B Asotin5B Benton5B Chelan4C Clallam

4C Clark5B Columbia4C Cowlitz5B Douglas6B Ferry5B Franklin5B Garfield5B Grant4C Grays Harbor4C Island4C Jefferson4C King4C Kitsap5B Kittitas5B Klickitat4C Lewis5B Lincoln4C Mason6B Okanogan4C Pacific6B Pend Oreille4C Pierce4C San Juan4C Skagit5B Skamania4C Snohomish5B Spokane6B Stevens4C Thurston4C Wahkiakum5B Walla Walla4C Whatcom5B Whitman5B Yakima

WEST VIRGINIA

5A Barbour4A Berkeley4A Boone4A Braxton5A Brooke4A Cabell4A Calhoun4A Clay5A Doddridge5A Fayette

4A Gilmer5A Grant5A Greenbrier5A Hampshire5A Hancock5A Hardy5A Harrison4A Jackson4A Jefferson4A Kanawha5A Lewis4A Lincoln4A Logan5A Marion5A Marshall4A Mason4A McDowell4A Mercer5A Mineral4A Mingo5A Monongalia4A Monroe4A Morgan5A Nicholas5A Ohio5A Pendleton4A Pleasants5A Pocahontas5A Preston4A Putnam5A Raleigh5A Randolph4A Ritchie4A Roane5A Summers5A Taylor5A Tucker4A Tyler5A Upshur4A Wayne5A Webster5A Wetzel4A Wirt4A Wood4A Wyoming

WISCONSIN

6A Adams7 Ashland6A Barron7 Bayfield6A Brown6A Buffalo7 Burnett6A Calumet6A Chippewa6A Clark6A Columbia6A Crawford6A Dane6A Dodge6A Door7 Douglas6A Dunn6A Eau Claire7 Florence6A Fond du Lac7 Forest6A Grant6A Green6A Green Lake6A Iowa7 Iron6A Jackson6A Jefferson6A Juneau6A Kenosha6A Kewaunee6A La Crosse6A Lafayette7 Langlade7 Lincoln6A Manitowoc6A Marathon6A Marinette6A Marquette6A Menominee6A Milwaukee6A Monroe6A Oconto7 Oneida6A Outagamie

(continued)

ENERGY EFFICIENCY




6A Ozaukee6A Pepin6A Pierce6A Polk6A Portage7 Price6A Racine6A Richland6A Rock6A Rusk6A Sauk7 Sawyer6A Shawano6A Sheboygan6A St. Croix

7 Taylor6A Trempealeau6A Vernon7 Vilas6A Walworth7 Washburn6A Washington6A Waukesha6A Waupaca6A Waushara6A Winnebago6A Wood

WYOMING

6B Albany

6B Big Horn6B Campbell6B Carbon6B Converse6B Crook6B Fremont5B Goshen6B Hot Springs6B Johnson6B Laramie7 Lincoln6B Natrona6B Niobrara6B Park5B Platte

6B Sheridan7 Sublette6B Sweetwater7 Teton6B Uinta6B Washakie6B Weston

US TERRITORIES

AMERICANSAMOA

1A (all)*

GUAM

1A (all)*

NORTHERNMARIANAISLANDS

1A (all)*

PUERTO RICO

1A (all)*

VIRGIN ISLANDS

1A (all)*

TABLE N1101.7.2(1) [R302.3(1)]INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE ZONE DEFINITIONS

For SI: °C = [(°F)-32]/1.8, 1 inch = 2.54 cm.

MAJOR CLIMATE TYPE DEFINITIONS

Marine (C) Definition—Locations meeting all four criteria:

1. Mean temperature of coldest month between -3°C (27°F) and 18°C (65°F).

2. Warmest month mean < 22°C (72°F).

3. At least four months with mean temperatures over 10°C (50°F).

4. Dry season in summer. The month with the heaviest precipitation in the cold season has at least three times as much precipitation as themonth with the least precipitation in the rest of the year. The cold season is October through March in the Northern Hemisphere andApril through September in the Southern Hemisphere.

Dry (B) Definition—Locations meeting the following criteria:

Not marine and Pin < 0.44 × (TF - 19.5) [Pcm < 2.0 × (TC + 7) in SI units]where:

Pin = Annual precipitation in inches (cm)T = Annual mean temperature in °F (°C)

Moist (A) Definition—Locations that are not marine and not dry.

Warm-humid Definition—Moist (A) locations where either of the following wet-bulb temperature conditions shall occur during the warmest six consecutive months of the year:

1. 67°F (19.4°C) or higher for 3,000 or more hours; or

2. 73°F (22.8°C) or higher for 1,500 or more hours.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY


N1101.9 (R302.1) Interior design conditions. The interiordesign temperatures used for heating and cooling load calcu-lations shall be a maximum of 72°F (22°C) for heating andminimum of 75°F (24°C) for cooling.

N1101.10 (R303.1) Identification. Materials, systems andequipment shall be identified in a manner that will allow adetermination of compliance with the applicable provisionsof this code.

N1101.10.1 (R303.1.1) Building thermal envelope insu-lation. An R-value identification mark shall be applied bythe manufacturer to each piece of building thermal enve-lope insulation 12 inches (305 mm) or greater in width.Alternately, the insulation installers shall provide a certifi-cation listing the type, manufacturer and R-value of insula-tion installed in each element of the building thermalenvelope. For blown or sprayed insulation (fiberglass andcellulose), the initial installed thickness, settled thickness,settled R-value, installed density, coverage area and num-ber of bags installed shall be listed on the certification. Forinsulated siding, the R-value shall be labeled on the prod-uct’s package and shall be listed on the certification. Theinsulation installer shall sign, date and post the certifica-tion in a conspicuous location on the job site.

N1101.10.1.1 (R303.1.1.1) Blown or sprayed roof/ceiling insulation. The thickness of blown-in orsprayed roof/ceiling insulation (fiberglass or cellulose)shall be written in inches (mm) on markers that areinstalled at least one for every 300 square feet (28 m2)throughout the attic space. The markers shall be affixedto the trusses or joists and marked with the minimuminitial installed thickness with numbers not less than 1inch (25 mm) in height. Each marker shall face the atticaccess opening. Spray polyurethane foam thickness andinstalled R-value shall be listed on certification pro-vided by the insulation installer.

N1101.10.2 (R303.1.2) Insulation mark installation.Insulating materials shall be installed such that the manu-facturer’s R-value mark is readily observable upon inspec-tion.

N1101.10.3 (R303.1.3) Fenestration product rating.U-factors of fenestration products (windows, doors andskylights) shall be determined in accordance with NFRC100.

Exception: Where required, garage door U-factors shallbe determined in accordance with either NFRC 100 orANSI/DASMA 105.

U-factors shall be determined by an accredited, inde-pendent laboratory, and labeled and certified by the manu-facturer.

Products lacking such a labeled U-factor shall beassigned a default U-factor from Table N1101.10.3(1) orN1101.10.3(2). The solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) andvisible transmittance (VT) of glazed fenestration products(windows, glazed doors and skylights) shall be determinedin accordance with NFRC 200 by an accredited, indepen-dent laboratory, and labeled and certified by the manufac-turer. Products lacking such a labeled SHGC or VT shall beassigned a default SHGC or VT from Table N1101.10.3(3).

TABLE N1101.10.3(1) [R303.1.3(1)]DEFAULT GLAZED FENESTRATION U-FACTORS

TABLE N1101.10.3(2) [R303.1.3(2)]DEFAULT DOOR U-FACTORS

FRAME TYPE SINGLEPANE

DOUBLEPANE

SKYLIGHT

Single Double

Metal 1.20 0.80 2.00 1.30

Metal with Thermal Break 1.10 0.65 1.90 1.10

Nonmetal or Metal Clad 0.95 0.55 1.75 1.05

Glazed Block 0.60

DOOR TYPE U-FACTOR

Uninsulated Metal 1.20

Insulated Metal 0.60

Wood 0.50

Insulated, nonmetal edge, max 45% glazing, any glazing double pane

0.35

TABLE N1101.7.2(2) [R301.3(2)] INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE ZONE DEFINITIONS

For SI: °C = [(°F)-32]/1.8.

ZONENUMBER

THERMAL CRITERIA

IP Units SI Units

1 9000 < CDD50°F 5000 < CDD10°C

2 6300 < CDD50°F 9000 3500 < CDD10°C 5000

3A and 3B 4500 < CDD50°F 6300 AND HDD65°F 5400 2500 < CDD10°C 3500 AND HDD18°C 3000

4A and 4B CDD50°F 4500 AND HDD65°F 5400 CDD10°C 2500 AND HDD18°C 3000

3C HDD65°F 3600 HDD18°C 2000

4C 3600 < HDD65°F 5400 2000 < HDD18°C 3000

5 5400 < HDD65°F 7200 3000 < HDD18°C 4000

6 7200 < HDD65°F 9000 4000 < HDD18°C 5000

7 9000 < HDD65°F 12600 5000 < HDD18°C 7000

8 12600 < HDD65°F 7000 < HDD18°C

ENERGY EFFICIENCY


TABLE N1101.10.3(3) [R303.1.3(3)] DEFAULT GLAZED FENESTRATION SHGC AND VT

N1101.10.4 (R303.1.4) Insulation product rating. Thethermal resistance (R-value) of insulation shall be deter-mined in accordance with the U.S. Federal Trade Commis-sion R-value rule (CFR Title 16, Part 460) in units of h ×ft2 × °F/Btu at a mean temperature of 75°F (24°C).

N1101.10.4.1 (R303.1.4.1) Insulated siding. The ther-mal resistance (R-value) of insulated siding shall bedetermined in accordance with ASTM C1363. Installa-tion for testing shall be in accordance with the manu-facturer’s installation instructions.

N1101.11 (R303.2) Installation. All materials, systems andequipment shall be installed in accordance with the manufac-turer’s instructions and this code.

N1101.11.1 (R303.2.1) Protection of exposed founda-tion insulation. Insulation applied to the exterior of base-ment walls, crawlspace walls and the perimeter of slab-on-grade floors shall have a rigid, opaque and weather-resis-tant protective covering to prevent the degradation of theinsulation’s thermal performance. The protective coveringshall cover the exposed exterior insulation and extend notless than 6 inches (153 mm) below grade.

N1101.12 (R303.3) Maintenance information. Deleted.

N1101.13 (R401.2) Compliance. Projects shall comply withone of the following:

1. Sections N1101.14 through N1104.

2. Section N1105 and the provisions of SectionsN1101.14 through N1104 labeled “Mandatory.”

3. An energy rating index (ERI) approach in SectionN1106.

N1101.13.1 (R401.2.1) Tropical zone. Residential build-ings in the tropical zone at elevations below 2,400 feet(731.5 m) above sea level shall be deemed to comply withthis chapter where the following conditions are met:

1. Not more than one-half of the occupied space is airconditioned.

2. The occupied space is not heated.

3. Solar, wind or other renewable energy source sup-plies not less than 80 percent of the energy for ser-vice water heating.

4. Glazing in conditioned space has a solar heat gaincoefficient of less than or equal to 0.40, or has anoverhang with a projection factor equal to orgreater than 0.30.

5. Permanently installed lighting is in accordancewith Section N1104.

6. The exterior roof surface complies with one of theoptions in Table C402.2.1.1 of the InternationalEnergy Conservation Code, or the roof/ceiling has

insulation with an R-value of R-15 or greater. Ifpresent, attics above the insulation are vented andattics below the insulation are unvented.

7. Roof surfaces have a minimum slope of 1/4 inch(6.4 mm) per foot of run. The finished roof doesnot have water accumulation areas.

8. Operable fenestration provides ventilation areaequal to not less than 14 percent of the floor area ineach room. Alternatively, equivalent ventilation isprovided by a ventilation fan.

9. Bedrooms with exterior walls facing two differentdirections have operable fenestration on exteriorwalls facing two directions.

10. Interior doors to bedrooms are capable of beingsecured in the open position.

11. A ceiling fan or ceiling fan rough-in is provided forbedrooms and the largest space that is not used as abedroom.

N1101.14 (R401.3) Certificate (Mandatory). A permanentcertificate shall be completed by the builder or registereddesign professional and posted on a wall in the space where thefurnace is located, a utility room or an approved location insidethe building. Where located on an electrical panel, the certifi-cate shall not cover or obstruct the visibility of the circuit direc-tory label, service disconnect label or other required labels. Thecertificate shall list the predominant R-values of insulationinstalled in or on ceiling/roof, walls, foundation (slab, basementwall, crawl space wall and/or floor) and ducts outside condi-tioned spaces; U-factors for fenestration and the solar heat gaincoefficient (SHGC) of fenestration, and the results from anyrequired duct system and building envelope air leakage testingdone on the building. Where there is more than one value foreach component, the certificate shall list the value covering thelargest area. The certificate shall list the types and efficienciesof heating, cooling and service water heating equipment.Where a gas-fired unvented room heater, electric furnace, orbaseboard electric heater is installed in the residence, the certif-icate shall list “gas-fired unvented room heater,” “electric fur-nace” or “baseboard electric heater,” as appropriate. Anefficiency shall not be listed for gas-fired unvented room heat-ers, electric furnaces or electric baseboard heaters.

SECTION N1102 (R402)BUILDING THERMAL ENVELOPE

N1102.1 (R402.1) General (Prescriptive). The buildingthermal envelope shall meet the requirements of SectionsN1102.1.1 through N1102.1.4.

Exception: The following low energy buildings, or por-tions thereof, separated from the remainder of the buildingby building thermal envelope assemblies complying withthis section shall be exempt from the building thermalenvelope provisions of Section N1102.

1. Those with a peak design rate of energy usage lessthan 3.4 Btu/h · ft2 (10.7 W/m2) or 1.0 watt/ft2 offloor area for space conditioning purposes.

2. Those that do not contain conditioned space.

SINGLE GLAZED DOUBLE GLAZED GLAZED BLOCKClear Tinted Clear Tinted

SHGC 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6

VT 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.6

ENERGY EFFICIENCY


N1102.1.1 (R402.1.1) Vapor retarder. Wall assembliesin the building thermal envelope shall comply with thevapor retarder requirements of Section R702.7.

N1102.1.2 (R402.1.2) Insulation and fenestration crite-ria. The building thermal envelope shall meet the require-ments of Table N1102.1.2 based on the climate zonespecified in Section N1101.7.

N1102.1.3 (R402.1.3) R-value computation. Insulationmaterial used in layers, such as framing cavity insulation,or continuous insulation shall be summed to compute thecorresponding component R-value. The manufacturer’s

settled R-value shall be used for blown insulation. Com-puted R-values shall not include an R-value for otherbuilding materials or air films. Where insulated siding isused for the purpose of complying with the continuousinsulation requirements of Table N1102.1.2, the manufac-turer’s labeled R-Value for insulated siding shall bereduced by R-0.6.

N1102.1.4 (R402.1.4) U-factor alternative. An assemblywith a U-factor equal to or less than that specified in TableN1102.1.4 shall be permitted as an alternative to the R-value in Table N1102.1.2.

TABLE N1102.1.4 (R402.1.4) EQUIVALENT U-FACTORSa

a. Nonfenestration U-factors shall be obtained from measurement, calculation or an approved source. b. When more than half the insulation is on the interior, the mass wall U-factors shall be a maximum of 0.17 in Zone 1, 0.14 in Zone 2, 0.12 in Zone 3, 0.087 in

Zone 4 except Marine, 0.065 in Zone 5 and Marine 4, and 0.057 in Zones 6 through 8.c. Basement wall U-factor of 0.360 in warm-humid locations as defined by Figure N1101.10 (R301.1) and Table N1101.10 (R301.1).

CLIMATE ZONE

FENESTRATION U-FACTOR

SKYLIGHT U-FACTOR

CEILING U-FACTOR

FRAME WALL

U-FACTOR

MASS WALL U-FACTORb

FLOOR U-FACTOR

BASEMENT WALL

U-FACTOR

CRAWL SPACE WALL

U-FACTOR

1 0.50 0.75 0.035 0.084 0.197 0.064 0.360 0.477

2 0.40 0.65 0.030 0.084 0.165 0.064 0.360 0.477

3 0.35 0.55 0.030 0.060 0.098 0.047 0.091c 0.136

4 except Marine 0.35 0.55 0.026 0.060 0.098 0.047 0.059 0.065

5 and Marine 4 0.32 0.55 0.026 0.060 0.082 0.033 0.050 0.055

6 0.32 0.55 0.026 0.045 0.060 0.033 0.050 0.055

7 and 8 0.32 0.55 0.026 0.045 0.057 0.028 0.050 0.055

TABLE N1102.1.2 (R402.1.2) INSULATION AND FENESTRATION REQUIREMENTS BY COMPONENTa

For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm. a. R-values are minimums. U-factors and SHGC are maximums. When insulation is installed in a cavity which is less than the label or design thickness of the

insulation, the installed R-value of the insulation shall not be less than the R-value specified in the table. b. The fenestration U-factor column excludes skylights. The SHGC column applies to all glazed fenestration.

Exception: Skylights may be excluded from glazed fenestration SHGC requirements in Climate Zones 1 through 3 where the SHGC for such skylights does not exceed 0.30.

c. “15/19” means R-15 continuous insulation on the interior or exterior of the home or R-19 cavity insulation at the interior of the basement wall. “15/19” shallbe permitted to be met with R-13 cavity insulation on the interior of the basement wall plus R-5 continuous insulation on the interior or exterior of the home.“10/13” means R-10 continuous insulation on the interior or exterior of the home or R-13 cavity insulation at the interior of the basement wall.

d. R-5 shall be added to the required slab edge R-values for heated slabs. Insulation depth shall be the depth of the footing or 2 feet, whichever is less in Zones 1through 3 for heated slabs.

e. There are no SHGC requirements in the Marine Zone. f. Basement wall insulation is not required in warm-humid locations as defined by Figure N1101.10 and Table N1101.10. g. Or insulation sufficient to fill the framing cavity, R-19 minimum. h. The first value is cavity insulation, the second value is continuous insulation, so “13+5” means R-13 cavity insulation plus R-5 continuous insulation.i. The second R-value applies when more than half the insulation is on the interior of the mass wall.

CLIMATE ZONE

FENESTRATION U-FACTORb

SKYLIGHTb

U-FACTOR

GLAZED FENESTRATION

SHGCb, e

CEILINGR-VALUE

WOOD FRAME WALL

R-VALUE

MASS WALL

R-VALUEi

FLOOR R-VALUE

BASEMENTc WALL

R-VALUE

SLABd R-VALUE & DEPTH

CRAWL SPACEc WALL

R-VALUE

1 NR 0.75 0.25 30 13 3/4 13 0 0 0

2 0.40 0.65 0.25 38 13 4/6 13 0 0 0

3 0.35 0.55 0.25 38 20 or 13 + 5h 8/13 19 5/13f 0 5/13

4 except Marine 0.35 0.55 0.40 49 20 or 13 + 5h 8/13 19 10 /13 10, 2 ft 10/13

5 and Marine 4

0.32 0.55 NR 49 20 or 13 + 5h 13/17 30g 15/19 10, 2 ft 15/19

6 0.32 0.55 NR 49 20 + 5 or 13 + 10h 15/20 30g 15/19 10, 4 ft 15/19

7 and 8 0.32 0.55 NR 49 20 + 5 or 13 + 10h 19/21 38g 15/19 10, 4 ft 15/19

ENERGY EFFICIENCY


N1102.1.5 (R402.1.5) Total UA alternative. If the totalbuilding thermal envelope UA (sum of U-factor timesassembly area) is less than or equal to the total UA result-ing from using the U-factors in Table N1102.1.4 (multi-plied by the same assembly area as in the proposedbuilding), the building shall be considered in compliancewith Table N1102.1.2. The UA calculation shall be doneusing a method consistent with the ASHRAE Handbook ofFundamentals and shall include the thermal bridgingeffects of framing materials. The SHGC requirementsshall be met in addition to UA compliance.

N1102.2 (R402.2) Specific insulation requirements (Pre-scriptive). In addition to the requirements of SectionN1102.1, insulation shall meet the specific requirements ofSections N1102.2.1 through N1102.2.13.

N1102.2.1 (R402.2.1) Ceilings with attic spaces. WhereSection R1102.1.2 would require R-38 insulation in theceiling, installing R-30 over 100 percent of the ceiling arearequiring insulation shall be deemed to satisfy the require-ment for R-38 wherever the full height of uncompressed R-30 insulation extends over the wall top plate at the eaves.Similarly, where Section R1102.1.2 would require R-49insulation in the ceiling, installing R-38 over 100 percent ofthe ceiling area requiring insulation shall be deemed to sat-isfy the requirement for R-49 insulation wherever the fullheight of uncompressed R-38 insulation extends over thewall top plate at the eaves. This reduction shall not apply tothe U-factor alternative approach in Section R1102.1.4 andthe total UA alternative in Section R1102.1.5.

N1102.2.2 (R402.2.2) Ceilings without attic spaces.Where Section N1102.1.2 would require insulation levelsabove R-30 and the design of the roof/ceiling assembly doesnot allow sufficient space for the required insulation, theminimum required insulation for such roof/ceiling assem-blies shall be R-30. This reduction of insulation from therequirements of Section N1102.1.2 shall be limited to 500square feet (46 m2) or 20 percent of the total insulated ceil-ing area, whichever is less. This reduction shall not apply tothe U-factor alternative approach in Section N1102.1.4 andthe total UA alternative in Section N1102.1.5.

N1102.2.3 (R402.2.3) Eave baffle. For air-permeableinsulations in vented attics, a baffle shall be installed adja-cent to soffit and eave vents. Baffles shall maintain anopening equal or greater than the size of the vent. Thebaffle shall extend over the top of the attic insulation. Thebaffle shall be permitted to be any solid material.

N1102.2.4 (R402.2.4) Access hatches and doors. Accessdoors from conditioned spaces to unconditioned spacessuch as attics and crawl spaces shall be weatherstripped andinsulated to a level equivalent to the insulation on the sur-rounding surfaces. Access shall be provided to all equip-ment that prevents damaging or compressing the insulation.A wood-framed or equivalent baffle or retainer is requiredto be provided when loose-fill insulation is installed, thepurpose of which is to prevent the loose-fill insulation fromspilling into the living space when the attic access isopened, and to provide a permanent means of maintainingthe installed R-value of the loose-fill insulation.

Exception: Vertical doors that provide access fromconditioned to unconditioned spaces shall be permittedto meet the fenestration requirements of TableR1102.1.2 based on the applicable climate zone speci-fied in Chapter 3.

N1102.2.5 (R402.2.5) Mass walls. Mass walls for the pur-poses of this chapter shall be considered above-gradewalls of concrete block, concrete, insulated concrete form(ICF), masonry cavity, brick (other than brick veneer),earth (adobe, compressed earth block, rammed earth) andsolid timber/logs, or any other walls having a heat capacitygreater than or equal to 6 Btu/ft2 × °F (123 kJ/m2 × K).

N1102.2.6 (R402.2.6) Steel-frame ceilings, walls, andfloors. Steel-frame ceilings, walls, and floors shall meet theinsulation requirements of Table N1102.2.6 or shall meetthe U-factor requirements of Table N1102.1.4. The calcu-lation of the U-factor for a steel-frame envelope assemblyshall use a series-parallel path calculation method.

N1102.2.7 (R402.2.7) Walls with partial structuralsheathing. Where Section R1102.1.2 would require con-tinuous insulation on exterior walls and structural sheath-ing covers 40 percent or less of the gross area of allexterior walls, the continuous insulation R-value shall bepermitted to be reduced by an amount necessary to resultin a consistent total sheathing thickness, but not more thanR-3, on areas of the walls covered by structural sheathing.This reduction shall not apply to the U-factor alternativeapproach in Section R1102.1.4 and the total UA alterna-tive in Section R1102.1.5.

N1102.2.8 (R402.2.8) Floors. Floor framing-cavity insu-lation shall be installed to maintain permanent contactwith the underside of the subfloor decking.

Exception: The floor framing-cavity insulation shall bepermitted to be in contact with the topside of sheathing orcontinuous insulation installed on the bottom side offloor framing where combined with insulation that meetsor exceeds the minimum wood frame wall R-value inTable 1102.1.2 and that extends from the bottom to thetop of all perimeter floor framing members.

N1102.2.9 (R402.2.9) Basement walls. Walls associatedwith conditioned basements shall be insulated from the topof the basement wall down to 10 feet (3048 mm) belowgrade or to the basement floor, whichever is less. Wallsassociated with unconditioned basements shall meet thisrequirement unless the floor overhead is insulated inaccordance with Sections N1102.1.2 and N1102.2.8.

N1102.2.10 (R402.2.10) Slab-on-grade floors. Slab-on-grade floors with a floor surface less than 12 inches (305mm) below grade shall be insulated in accordance withTable N1102.1.2. The insulation shall extend downwardfrom the top of the slab on the outside or inside of thefoundation wall. Insulation located below grade shall beextended the distance provided in Table N1102.1.2 by anycombination of vertical insulation, insulation extendingunder the slab or insulation extending out from the build-ing. Insulation extending away from the building shall beprotected by pavement or by not less than 10 inches (254mm) of soil. The top edge of the insulation installed

ENERGY EFFICIENCY


between the exterior wall and the edge of the interior slabshall be permitted to be cut at a 45-degree (0.79 rad) angleaway from the exterior wall. Slab-edge insulation is notrequired in jurisdictions designated by the building officialas having a very heavy termite infestation.

N1102.2.11 (R402.2.11) Crawl space walls. As an alter-native to insulating floors over crawl spaces, crawl spacewalls shall be permitted to be insulated when the crawlspace is not vented to the outside. Crawl space wall insula-tion shall be permanently fastened to the wall and extenddownward from the floor to the finished grade level and

then vertically and/or horizontally for at least an additional24 inches (610 mm). Exposed earth in unvented crawlspace foundations shall be covered with a continuousClass I vapor retarder in accordance with this code. Alljoints of the vapor retarder shall overlap by 6 inches (153mm) and be sealed or taped. The edges of the vaporretarder shall extend not less than 6 inches (153 mm) upthe stem wall and shall be attached to the stem wall.

N1102.2.12 (R402.2.12) Masonry veneer. Insulationshall not be required on the horizontal portion of the foun-dation that supports a masonry veneer.

N1102.2.13 (R402.2.13) Sunroom insulation. Sunroomsenclosing conditioned spaces shall meet the insulationrequirements of this code.

Exception: For sunrooms with thermal isolation, andenclosing conditioned spaces, the following exceptionsto the insulation requirements of this code shall apply:

1. The minimum ceiling insulation R-values shall beR-19 in Zones 1 through 4 and R-24 in Zones 5through 8.

2. The minimum wall R-value shall be R-13 in allclimate zones. Walls separating a sunroom with athermal isolation from conditioned space shallmeet the building thermal envelope requirementsof this code.

N1102.3 (R402.3) Fenestration (Prescriptive). In additionto the requirements of Section N1102, fenestration shall com-ply with Sections N1102.3.1 through N1102.4.5.

N1102.3.1 (R402.3.1) U-factor. An area-weighted aver-age of fenestration products shall be permitted to satisfythe U-factor requirements.

N1102.3.2 (R402.3.2) Glazed fenestration SHGC. Anarea-weighted average of fenestration products more than50-percent glazed shall be permitted to satisfy the SHGCrequirements.

Dynamic glazing shall be permitted to satisfy the SHGCrequirements of Table R1102.1.2 provided the ratio of thehigher to lower labeled SHGC is greater than or equal to2.4, and the dynamic glazing is automatically controlled tomodulate the amount of solar gain into the space in multi-ple steps. Dynamic glazing shall be considered separatelyfrom other fenestration, and area-weighted averaging withother fenestration that is not dynamic glazing shall not bepermitted.

Exception: Dynamic glazing is not required to complywith this section when both the lower and higherlabeled SHGC already comply with the requirements ofTable N1102.1.2.

N1102.3.3 (R402.3.3) Glazed fenestration exemption.Up to 15 square feet (1.4 m2) of glazed fenestration perdwelling unit shall be permitted to be exempt from U-fac-tor and SHGC requirements in Section N1102.1.2. Thisexemption shall not apply to the U-factor alternativeapproach in Section N1102.1.4 and the total UA alterna-tive in Section N1102.1.5.

TABLE N1102.2.6 (R402.2.6) STEEL-FRAME CEILING, WALL AND FLOOR INSULATION

(R-VALUE)

a. Cavity insulation R-value is listed first, followed by continuous insulationR-value.

b. Insulation exceeding the height of the framing shall cover the framing.

WOOD FRAME R-VALUE

REQUIREMENT

COLD-FORMED STEEL EQUIVALENT R-VALUEa

Steel Truss Ceilingsb

R-30 R-38 or R-30 + 3 or R-26 + 5

R-38 R-49 or R-38 + 3

R-49 R-38 + 5

Steel Joist Ceilingsb

R-30 R-38 in 2 4 or 2 6 or 2 8 R-49

in any framing

R-38 R-49 in 2 4 or 2 6 or 2 8 or 2 10

Steel-Framed Wall, 16 on center

R-13 R-13 + 4.2 or R-19 + 2.1 or R-21 + 2.8 or R-0 + 9.3 or R-15 + 3.8 or R-21 + 3.1

R-13 + 3R-0 + 11.2 or R-13 + 6.1 or R-15 + 5.7 or

R-19 + 5.0 or R-21 + 4.7

R-20R-0 + 14.0 or R-13 + 8.9 or R-15 + 8.5 or

R-19 + 7.8 or R-19 + 6.2 or R-21 + 7.5

R-20 + 5 R-13 + 12.7 or R-15 + 12.3 or R-19 + 11.6 or R-21 + 11.3 or R-25 + 10.9

R-21 R-0 + 14.6 or R-13 + 9.5 or R-15 + 9.1 or

R-19 + 8.4 or R-21 + 8.1 or R-25 + 7.7

Steel-Framed Wall, 24 on center

R-13 R-0 + 9.3 or R-13 + 3.0 or R-15 + 2.4

R-13 + 3 R-0 + 11.2 or R-13 + 4.9 or R-15 + 4.3 or R-19 + 3.5 or R-21 + 3.1

R-20R-0 + 14.0 or R-13 + 7.7 or R-15 + 7.1 or

R-19 + 6.3 or R-21 + 5.9

R-20 + 5R-13 + 11.5 or R-15 + 10.9 or R-19 + 10.1 or

R-21 + 9.7 or R-25 + 9.1

R-21R-0 + 14.6 or R-13 + 8.3 or R-15 + 7.7 or

R-19 + 6.9 or R-21 + 6.5 or R-25 + 5.9

Steel Joist Floor

R-13 R-19 in 2 6, or R-19 + 6 in 2 8 or 2 10

R-19 R-19 + 6 in 2 6, or R-19 + 12 in 2 8 or 2 10

ENERGY EFFICIENCY


N1102.3.4 (R402.3.4) Opaque door exemption. One side-hinged opaque door assembly up to 24 square feet (2.22m2) in area is exempted from the U-factor requirement inSection N1102.1.2. This exemption shall not apply to theU-factor alternative approach in Section N1102.1.4 and thetotal UA alternative in Section N1102.1.5.

N1102.3.5 (R402.3.5) Sunroom fenestration. Sunroomsenclosing conditioned space shall meet the fenestrationrequirements of this code.

Exception: For sunrooms with thermal isolation andenclosing conditioned space in Climate Zones 2through 8, the maximum fenestration U-factor shall be0.45 and the maximum skylight U-factor shall be 0.70. New fenestration separating the sunroom with thermal

isolation from conditioned space shall meet the buildingthermal envelope requirements of this code.

N1102.4 (R402.4) Air leakage (Mandatory). The buildingthermal envelope shall be constructed to limit air leakage inaccordance with the requirements of Sections R1102.4.1through R1102.4.4.

N1102.4.1 (R402.4.1) Building thermal envelope. Thebuilding thermal envelope shall comply with SectionsN1102.4.1.1 or N1102.4.1.2. The sealing methodsbetween dissimilar materials shall allow for differentialexpansion and contraction.

N1102.4.1.1 (R402.4.1.1) Installation. The compo-nents of the building thermal envelope as listed inTable N1102.4.1.1 shall be installed in accordance withthe manufacturer’s instructions and the criteria listed inTable N1102.4.1.1, as applicable to the method of con-struction. Where required by the building official, anapproved third party shall inspect all components andverify compliance.

N1102.4.1.2 (R402.4.1.2) Testing. The building ordwelling unit shall be tested and verified as having an airleakage rate of not exceeding five air changes per hour inClimate Zones 1 and 2, and three air changes per hour inClimate Zones 3 through 8. Testing shall be conductedin accordance with ASTM E779 or ASTM E1827 andreported at a pressure of 0.2 inches w.g. (50 Pascals).Where required by the code official, testing shall be con-ducted by an approved third party. A written report ofthe results of the test shall be signed by the party con-ducting the test and provided to the code official. Testingshall be performed at any time after creation of all pen-etrations of the building thermal envelope.

During testing:

1. Exterior windows and doors, fireplace and stovedoors shall be closed, but not sealed, beyond theintended weatherstripping or other infiltrationcontrol measures.

2. Dampers including exhaust, intake, makeup air,backdraft and flue dampers shall be closed, but notsealed beyond intended infiltration control mea-sures.

3. Interior doors, if installed at the time of the test,shall be open.

4. Exterior doors for continuous ventilation systemsand heat recovery ventilators shall be closed andsealed.

5. Heating and cooling systems, if installed at thetime of the test, shall be turned off.

6. Supply and return registers, if installed at thetime of the test, shall be fully open.

N1102.4.2 (R402.4.2) Fireplaces. New wood-burningfireplaces shall have tight-fitting flue dampers or doors,and outdoor combustion air. Where using tight-fittingdoors on factory-built fireplaces listed and labeled inaccordance with UL 127, the doors shall be tested andlisted for the fireplace. Where using tight-fitting doors onmasonry fireplaces, the doors shall be listed and labeled inaccordance with UL 907.

N1102.4.3 (R402.4.3) Fenestration air leakage. Windows,skylights and sliding glass doors shall have an air infiltrationrate of no more than 0.3 cfm per square foot (1.5 L/s/m2), andswinging doors no more than 0.5 cfm per square foot (2.6 L/s/m2), when tested according to NFRC 400 or AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440 by an accredited, indepen-dent laboratory and listed and labeled by the manufacturer.

Exception: Site-built windows, skylights and doors.

N1102.4.4 (R402.4.4) Rooms containing fuel-burningappliances. In Climate Zones 3 through 8, where opencombustion air ducts provide combustion air to open com-bustion fuel-burning appliances, the appliances and com-bustion air opening shall be located outside the buildingthermal envelope or enclosed in a room, isolated frominside the thermal envelope. Such rooms shall be sealedand insulated in accordance with the envelope require-ments of Table N1102.1.2, where the walls, floors andceilings shall meet a minimum of the basement wall R-value requirement. The door into the room shall be fullygasketed and any water lines and ducts in the room insu-lated in accordance with Section N1103. The combustionair duct shall be insulated where it passes through condi-tioned space to a minimum of R-8.

Exceptions:1. Direct vent appliances with both intake and

exhaust pipes installed continuous to the outside.

2. Fireplaces and stoves complying with Sec-tions N1102.4.2 and R1006.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY


TABLE N1102.4.1.1 (402.4.1.1)AIR BARRIER AND INSULATION INSTALLATION

a. In addition, inspection of log walls shall be in accordance with the provisions of ICC 400.

COMPONENT AIR BARRIER CRITERIA INSULATION INSTALLATION CRITERIA

General requirements

A continuous air barrier shall be installed in the building envelope.The exterior thermal envelope contains a continuous air barrier.Breaks or joints in the air barrier shall be sealed.

Air-permeable insulation shall not be used as a sealing material.

Ceiling/attic

The air barrier in any dropped ceiling/soffit shall be aligned with the insulation and any gaps in the air barrier sealed.Access openings, drop down stairs or knee wall doors to unconditioned attic spaces shall be sealed.

The insulation in any dropped ceiling/soffit shall be aligned with the air barrier.

Walls

The junction of the foundation and sill plate shall be sealed.The junction of the top plate and the top of exterior walls shall be sealed. Knee walls shall be sealed.

Cavities within corners and headers of frame walls shall be insulated by completely filling the cavity with a material having a thermal resistance of R-3 per inch minimum.Exterior thermal envelope insulation for framed walls shall be installed in substantial contact and continuous alignment with the air barrier.

Windows, skylights and doors The space between window/door jambs and framing, and skylights and framing shall be sealed.

Rim joists Rim joists shall include the air barrier. Rim joists shall be insulated.

Floors (including above garage and cantilevered floors)

The air barrier shall be installed at any exposed edge of insulation.

Floor framing cavity insulation shall be installed to maintain permanent contact with the underside of subfloor decking, or floor framing cavity insulation shall be permitted to be in contact with the top side of sheathing, or continuous insulation installed on the underside of floor framing; and extends from the bottom to the top of all perimeter floor framing members.

Crawl space walls Exposed earth in unvented crawl spaces shall be covered with a Class I vapor retarder with overlapping joints taped.

Where provided instead of floor insulation, insulation shall be permanently attached to the crawl space walls.

Shafts, penetrations Duct shafts, utility penetrations, and flue shafts opening to exterior or unconditioned space shall be sealed.

Narrow cavitiesBatts in narrow cavities shall be cut to fit, or narrow cavities shall be filled by insulation that on installation readily conforms to the available cavity space.

Garage separation Air sealing shall be provided between the garage and conditioned spaces.

Recessed lighting Recessed light fixtures installed in the building thermal envelope shall be sealed to the drywall.

Recessed light fixtures installed in the building thermal envelope shall be air tight and IC rated.

Plumbing and wiring

Batt insulation shall be cut neatly to fit around wiring and plumbing in exterior walls, or insulation that on installation readily conforms to available space shall extend behind piping and wiring.

Shower/tub on exterior wallThe air barrier installed at exterior walls adjacent to showers and tubs shall separate them from the showers and tubs.

Exterior walls adjacent to showers and tubs shall be insulated.

Electrical/phone box on exterior walls

The air barrier shall be installed behind electrical or communication boxes or air-sealed boxes shall be installed.

HVAC register boots HVAC register boots that penetrate building thermal envelope shall be sealed to the subfloor or drywall.

Concealed sprinklers

When required to be sealed, concealed fire sprinklers shall only be sealed in a manner that is recommended by the manufacturer. Caulking or other adhesive sealants shall not be used to fill voids between fire sprinkler cover plates and walls or ceilings.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY


N1102.4.5 (R402.4.5) Recessed lighting. Recessed lumi-naires installed in the building thermal envelope shall besealed to limit air leakage between conditioned and uncon-ditioned spaces. All recessed luminaires shall be IC-ratedand labeled as having an air leakage rate not more than 2.0cfm (0.944 L/s) when tested in accordance with ASTME283 at a 1.57 psf (75 Pa) pressure differential. All recessedluminaires shall be sealed with a gasket or caulk betweenthe housing and the interior wall or ceiling covering.

N1102.5 (R402.5) Maximum fenestration U-factor andSHGC (Mandatory). The area-weighted average maximumfenestration U-factor permitted using tradeoffs from SectionN1102.1.5 or N1105 shall be 0.48 in climate zones 4 and 5and 0.40 in climate zones 6 through 8 for vertical fenestra-tion, and 0.75 in climate zones 4 through 8 for skylights. Thearea-weighted average maximum fenestration SHGC permit-ted using tradeoffs from Section N1105 in climate zones 1through 3 shall be 0.50.

SECTION N1103 (R403)SYSTEMS

N1103.1 (R403.1) Controls (Mandatory). At least one ther-mostat shall be provided for each separate heating and cool-ing system.

N1103.1.1 (R403.1.1) Programmable thermostat. Thethermostat controlling the primary heating or cooling sys-tem of the dwelling unit shall be capable of controlling theheating and cooling system on a daily schedule to maintaindifferent temperature set points at different times of the day.This thermostat shall include the capability to set back ortemporarily operate the system to maintain zone tempera-tures down to 55°F (13°C) or up to 85°F (29°C). The ther-mostat shall initially be programmed by the manufacturerwith a heating temperature set point no higher than 70°F(21°C) and a cooling temperature set point no lower than78°F (26°C).

N1103.1.2 (R403.1.2) Heat pump supplementary heat(Mandatory). Heat pumps having supplementary electric-resistance heat shall have controls that, except duringdefrost, prevent supplemental heat operation when theheat pump compressor can meet the heating load.

N1103.2 (R403.2) Hot water boiler outdoor temperaturesetback. Deleted.

N1103.3 (R403.3) Ducts. Ducts and air handlers shall be inaccordance with Sections N1103.3.1 through N1103.3.5.

N1103.3.1 (R403.3.1) Insulation (Prescriptive). Supplyand return ducts in attics shall be insulated to a minimumof R-8 where 3 inches (76.2 mm) in diameter and greaterand R-6 where less than 3 inches (76.2 mm) in diameter.Supply and return ducts in other portions of the buildingshall be insulated to a minimum of R-6 where 3 inches(76.2 mm) in diameter or greater and R-4.2 where lessthan 3 inches (76.2 mm) in diameter.

Exception: Ducts or portions thereof located com-pletely inside the building thermal envelope.

N1103.3.2 (R403.3.2) Sealing (Mandatory). Ducts, airhandlers and filter boxes shall be sealed. Joints and seamsshall comply with either the International MechanicalCode or Section M1601.4.1 of this code, as applicable.

Exceptions:

1. Air-impermeable spray foam products shall bepermitted to be applied without additional jointseals.

2. For ducts having a static pressure classification ofless than 2 inches of water column (500 Pa),additional closure systems shall not be requiredfor continuously welded joints and seams, andlocking-type joints and seams of other than thesnap-lock and button-lock types.

N1103.3.2.1 (R403.3.2.1) Sealed air handler. Air han-dlers shall have a manufacturer’s designation for an airleakage of no more than 2 percent of the design air flowrate when tested in accordance with ASHRAE 193.

N1103.3.3 (R403.3.3) Duct testing (Mandatory). Ductsshall be pressure tested to determine air leakage by one ofthe following methods:

1. Rough-in test: Total leakage shall be measured with apressure differential of 0.1 inch w.g. (25 Pa) acrossthe system, including the manufacturer’s air handlerenclosure if installed at the time of the test. All regis-ters shall be taped or otherwise sealed during the test.

2. Postconstruction test: Total leakage shall be mea-sured with a pressure differential of 0.1 inch w.g.(25 Pa) across the entire system, including the man-ufacturer’s air handler enclosure. Registers shall betaped or otherwise sealed during the test.

Exception: A duct air leakage test shall not berequired where the ducts and air handlers arelocated entirely within the building thermal enve-lope.

A written report of the results of the test shall besigned by the party conducting the test and provided tothe code official.

N1103.3.4 (R403.3.4) Duct leakage (Prescriptive). Thetotal leakage of the ducts, where measured in accordancewith Section R403.3.3, shall be as follows:

1. Rough-in test: The total leakage shall be less than orequal to 4 cubic feet per minute (113.3 L/min) per100 square feet (9.29 m2) of conditioned floor areawhere the air handler is installed at the time of thetest. Where the air handler is not installed at the timeof the test, the total leakage shall be less than orequal to 3 cubic feet per minute (85 L/min) per 100square feet (9.29 m2) of conditioned floor area.

2. Postconstruction test: Total leakage shall be less thanor equal to 4 cubic feet per minute (113.3 L/min) per100 square feet (9.29 m2) of conditioned floor area.

N1103.3.5 (R403.3.5) Building cavities (Mandatory).Building framing cavities shall not be used as ducts or ple-nums.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY


N1103.4 (R403.4) Mechanical system piping insulation(Mandatory). Mechanical system piping capable of carryingfluids above 105°F (41°C) or below 55°F (13°C) shall beinsulated to a minimum of R-3.

N1103.4.1 (R403.4.1) Protection of piping insulation.Piping insulation exposed to weather shall be protectedfrom damage, including that caused by sunlight, moisture,equipment maintenance and wind, and shall provideshielding from solar radiation that can cause degradationof the material. Adhesive tape shall not be permitted.

N1103.5 (R403.5) Service hot water systems. Energy con-servation measures for service hot water systems shall be inaccordance with Sections N1103.5.1 and N1103.5.4.

N1103.5.1 (R403.5.1) Heated water circulation and tem-perature maintenance systems (Mandatory). Heatedwater circulation systems shall be in accordance with Sec-tion R1103.5.1.1. Heat trace temperature maintenance sys-tems shall be in accordance with Section R1103.5.1.2.Automatic controls, temperature sensors and pumps shallbe accessible. Manual controls shall be readily accessible.

N1103.5.1.1 (R403.5.1.1) Circulation systems. Heatedwater circulation systems shall be provided with a circu-lation pump. The system return pipe shall be a dedicatedreturn pipe or a cold water supply pipe. Gravity andthermo-syphon circulation systems shall be prohibited.Controls for circulating hot water system pumps shallstart the pump based on the identification of a demandfor hot water within the occupancy. The controls shallautomatically turn off the pump when the water in thecirculation loop is at the desired temperature and whenthere is no demand for hot water.

N1103.5.1.2 (R403.5.1.2) Heat trace systems. Electricheat trace systems shall comply with IEEE 515.1 or UL515. Controls for such systems shall automaticallyadjust the energy input to the heat tracing to maintainthe desired water temperature in the piping in accor-dance with the times when heated water is used in theoccupancy.

N1103.5.2 (R403.5.2) Demand recirculation systems. Awater distribution system having one or more recirculationpumps that pump water from a heated water supply pipeback to the heated water source through a cold water supplypipe shall be a demand recirculation water system. Pumpsshall have controls that comply with both of the following:

1. The control shall start the pump upon receiving asignal from the action of a user of a fixture or appli-

ance, sensing the presence of a user of a fixture orsensing the flow of hot or tempered water to a fix-ture fitting or appliance.

2. The control shall limit the temperature of the waterentering the cold water piping to 104ºF (40ºC).

N1103.5.3 (R403.5.3) Hot water pipe insulation (Pre-scriptive). Insulation for hot water pipe with a minimumthermal resistance (R-value) of R-3 shall be applied to thefollowing:

1. Piping 3/4 inch (19 mm) and larger in nominal diam-eter.

2. Piping serving more than one dwelling unit.

3. Piping located outside the conditioned space.

4. Piping from the water heater to a distribution mani-fold.

5. Piping located under a floor slab.

6. Buried piping.

7. Supply and return piping in recirculation systemsother than demand recirculation systems.

N1103.5.4 (R403.5.4) Drain water heat recovery units.Drain water heat recovery units shall comply with CSA55.2. Drain water heat recovery units shall be tested inaccordance with CSA 55.1. Potable water-side pressureloss of drain water heat recovery units shall be less than 3psi (20.7 kPa) for individual units connected to one or twoshowers. Potable water-side pressure loss of drain waterheat recovery units shall be less than 2 psi (13.8 kPa) forindividual units connected to three or more showers.

N1103.6 (R403.6) Mechanical ventilation (Mandatory).The building shall be provided with ventilation that meets therequirements of Section M1507 of this code or the Interna-tional Mechanical Code, as applicable, or with otherapproved means of ventilation. Outdoor air intakes andexhausts shall have automatic or gravity dampers that closewhen the ventilation system is not operating.

N1103.6.1 (R403.6.1) Whole-house mechanical ventila-tion system fan efficacy. Mechanical ventilation systemfans shall meet the efficacy requirements of TableN1103.6.1.

Exception: Where mechanical ventilation fans are inte-gral to tested and listed HVAC equipment, they shall bepowered by an electronically commutated motor.

TABLE N1103.6.1 (R403.6.1)MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM FAN EFFICACY

For SI: 1 cubic foot per minute = 28.3 L/min.

FAN LOCATION AIR FLOW RATE MINIMUM (CFM)

MINIMUM EFFICACY(CFM/WATT)

AIR FLOW RATE MAXIMUM (CFM)

Range hoods Any 2.8 cfm/watt Any

In-line fan Any 2.8 cfm/watt Any

Bathroom, utility room 10 1.4 cfm/watt < 90

Bathroom, utility room 90 2.8 cfm/watt Any

ENERGY EFFICIENCY


N1103.7 (R403.7) Equipment sizing and efficiency rating(Mandatory). Heating and cooling equipment shall be sizedin accordance with ACCA Manual S based on building loadscalculated in accordance with ACCA Manual J or otherapproved heating and cooling calculation methodologies.New heating and cooling equipment shall have an efficiencyrating equal to or greater than the minimum required by fed-eral law for the geographic location where the equipment isinstalled.

N1103.8 (R403.8) Systems serving multiple dwelling units(Mandatory). Systems serving multiple dwelling units shallcomply with Chapters 6 and 7 of the ASHRAE Standard90.1-2013 in lieu of Section N1103.

N1103.9 (R403.9) Snow melt system controls (Manda-tory). Snow- and ice-melting systems, supplied throughenergy service to the building, shall include automatic con-trols capable of shutting off the system when the pavementtemperature is above 50°F (10°C), and no precipitation isfalling and an automatic or manual control that will allowshutoff when the outdoor temperature is above 40°F (4.8°C).

N1103.10 (R403.10) Pools and permanent spa energy con-sumption (Mandatory). The energy consumption of poolsand permanent spas shall be in accordance with SectionsN1103.10.1 through N1103.10.3.

N1103.10.1 (R403.10.1) Heaters. The electric power toheaters shall be controlled by a readily accessible on-offswitch that is an integral part of the heater mounted on theexterior of the heater, or external to and within 3 feet (914mm) of the heater. Operation of such switch shall notchange the setting of the heater thermostat. Such switchesshall be in addition to a circuit breaker for the power to theheater. Gas-fired heaters shall not be equipped with con-tinuously burning ignition pilots.

N1103.10.2 (R403.10.2) Time switches. Time switches orother control methods that can automatically turn off and onaccording to a preset schedule shall be installed for heatersand pump motors. Heaters and pump motors that have built-in time switches shall be in compliance with this section.

Exceptions:

1. Where public health standards require 24-hourpump operation.

2. Pumps that operate solar- and waste-heat-recov-ery pool heating systems.

N1103.10.3 (R403.10.3) Covers. Outdoor heated poolsand outdoor permanent spas shall be provided with a vapor-retardant cover or other approved vapor-retardant means.

Exception: Where more than 70 percent of the energyfor heating, computed over an operation season, is fromsite-recovered energy, such as from a heat pump orsolar energy source, covers or other vapor-retardantmeans shall not be required.

N1103.11 (R403.11) Portable spas (Mandatory). Theenergy consumption of electric-powered portable spas shallbe controlled by the requirements of APSP-14.

N1103.12 (R403.12) Residential pools and permanent res-idential spas. Residential swimming pools and permanent

residential spas that are accessory to detached one- and two-family dwellings and townhouses 3 stories or less in heightabove grade plane and that are available only to the house-hold and its guests shall be in accordance with APSP-15.

SECTION N1104 (R404) ELECTRICAL POWER AND LIGHTING SYSTEMS

(MANDATORY)

N1104.1 (R404.1) Lighting equipment (Mandatory). Notless than 75 percent of the lamps in permanently installedlighting fixtures shall be high-efficacy lamps or not less than75 percent of the permanently installed lighting fixtures shallcontain only high-efficacy lamps.

Exception: Low-voltage lighting.

N1104.1.1 (R404.1.1) Lighting equipment (Manda-tory). Fuel gas lighting systems shall not have continu-ously burning pilot lights.

SECTION N1105 (R405)SIMULATED PERFORMANCE ALTERNATIVE

(PERFORMANCE)

N1105.1 (R405.1) Scope. This section establishes criteria forcompliance using simulated energy performance analysis.Such analysis shall include heating, cooling and service waterheating energy only.

N1105.2 (R405.2) Mandatory requirements. Compliancewith this section requires that the mandatory provisions iden-tified in Section N1101.13 be met. All supply and returnducts not completely inside the building thermal envelopeshall be insulated to a minimum of R-6.

N1105.3 (R405.3) Performance-based compliance. Com-pliance based on simulated energy performance requires thata proposed residence (proposed design) be shown to have anannual energy cost that is less than or equal to the annualenergy cost of the standard reference design. Energy pricesshall be taken from a source approved by the building offi-cial, such as the Department of Energy, Energy InformationAdministration’s State Energy Price and Expenditure Report.Building officials shall be permitted to require time-of-usepricing in energy cost calculations.

Exception: The energy use based on source energyexpressed in Btu (J) or Btu per square foot (J/m2) of condi-tioned floor area shall be permitted to be substituted forthe energy cost. The source energy multiplier for electric-ity shall be 3.16. The source energy multiplier for fuelsother than electricity shall be 1.1.

N1105.4 (R405.4) Documentation. Documentation of thesoftware used for the performance design and the parametersfor the building shall be in accordance with SectionsN1105.4.1 through N1105.4.3.

N1105.4.1 (R405.4.1) Compliance software tools. Docu-mentation verifying that the methods and accuracy of thecompliance software tools conform to the provisions ofthis section shall be provided to the building official.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY


N1105.4.2 (R405.4.2) Compliance report. Compliancesoftware tools shall generate a report that documents thatthe proposed design complies with Section N1105.3. Acompliance report on the proposed design shall be submit-ted with the application for the building permit. Upon com-pletion of the building, a compliance report based on the as-built condition of the building shall be submitted to thecode official before a certificate of occupancy is issued.Batch sampling of buildings to determine energy code com-pliance for all buildings in the batch shall be prohibited.

Compliance reports shall include information in accor-dance with Sections N1105.4.2.1 and N1105.4.2.2. Wherethe proposed design of a building could be built on differentsites where the cardinal orientation of the building on eachsite is different, compliance of the proposed design for thepurposes of the application for the building permit shall bebased on the worst-case orientation, worst-case configura-tion, worst-case building air leakage and worst-case ductleakage. Such worst-case parameters shall be used as inputsto the compliance software for energy analysis.

N1105.4.2.1 (R405.4.2.1) Compliance report for per-mit application. A compliance report submitted withthe application for building permit shall include the fol-lowing:

1. Building street address, or other building siteidentification.

2. A statement indicating that the proposed designcomplies with Section N1105.3.

3. An inspection checklist documenting the buildingcomponent characteristics of the proposed designas indicated in Table N1105.5.2(1). The inspec-tion checklist shall show results for both the stan-dard reference design and the proposed designwith user inputs to the compliance software togenerate the results.

4. A site-specific energy analysis report that is incompliance with Section N1105.3.

5. The name of the individual performing the analy-sis and generating the report.

6. The name and version of the compliance softwaretool.

N1105.4.2.2 (R405.4.2.2) Compliance report for cer-tificate of occupancy. A compliance report submittedfor obtaining the certificate of occupancy shall includethe following:

1. Building street address, or other building siteidentification.

2. A statement indicating that the as-built buildingcomplies with Section N1105.3.

3. A certificate indicating that the building passes theperformance matrix for code compliance and list-ing the energy saving features of the buildings.

4. A site-specific energy analysis report that is incompliance with Section N1105.3.

5. The name of the individual performing the analy-sis and generating the report.

6. The name and version of the compliance softwaretool.

N1105.4.3 (R405.4.3) Additional documentation. Thebuilding official shall be permitted to require the followingdocuments:

1. Documentation of the building component charac-teristics of the standard reference design.

2. A certification signed by the builder providing thebuilding component characteristics of the proposeddesign as given in Table N1105.5.2(1).

3. Documentation of the actual values used in the soft-ware calculations for the proposed design.

N1105.5 (R405.5) Calculation procedure. Calculations ofthe performance design shall be in accordance with SectionsN1105.5.1 and N1105.5.2.

N1105.5.1 (R405.5.1) General. Except as specified bythis section, the standard reference design and proposeddesign shall be configured and analyzed using identicalmethods and techniques.

N1105.5.2 (R405.5.2) Residence specifications. Thestandard reference design and proposed design shall beconfigured and analyzed as specified by TableN1105.5.2(1). Table N1105.5.2(1) shall include, by refer-ence, all notes contained in Table N1102.1.2.

N1105.6 (R405.6) Calculation software tools. Calculationsoftware, where used, shall be in accordance with SectionsN1105.6.1 through N1105.6.3.

N1105.6.1 (R405.6.1) Minimum capabilities. Calcula-tion procedures used to comply with this section shall besoftware tools capable of calculating the annual energyconsumption of all building elements that differ betweenthe standard reference design and the proposed design andshall include the following capabilities:

1. Computer generation of the standard referencedesign using only the input for the proposed design.The calculation procedure shall not allow the user todirectly modify the building component characteris-tics of the standard reference design.

2. Calculation of whole-building (as a single zone) siz-ing for the heating and cooling equipment in thestandard reference design residence in accordancewith Section N1103.6.

3. Calculations that account for the effects of indoor andoutdoor temperatures and part-load ratios on the per-formance of heating, ventilating and air-conditioningequipment based on climate and equipment sizing.

4. Printed building official inspection checklist listingeach of the proposed design component characteris-tics from Table N1105.5.2(1) determined by theanalysis to provide compliance, along with theirrespective performance ratings (R-value, U-factor,SHGC, HSPF, AFUE, SEER, EF are some exam-ples).

ENERGY EFFICIENCY


TABLE N1105.5.2(1) [R405.5.2(1)] SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE STANDARD REFERENCE AND PROPOSED DESIGNS

(continued)

BUILDING COMPONENT STANDARD REFERENCE DESIGN PROPOSED DESIGN

Above-grade walls

Type: mass wall if proposed wall is mass; otherwise wood frame. As proposed

Gross area: same as proposed As proposed

U-factor: as specified in Table N1102.1.4 As proposed

Solar absorptance = 0.75 As proposed

Emittance = 0.90 As proposed

Basement and crawl spacewalls

Type: same as proposed As proposed


U-factor: from Table N1102.1.4, with insulation layer on interior side of walls As proposed

Above-grade floors

Type: wood frame As proposed



Ceilings

Type: wood frame As proposed



Roofs

Type: composition shingle on wood sheathing As proposed


Solar absorptance = 0.75 As proposed

Emittance = 0.90 As proposed

Attics Type: vented with aperture = 1 ft2 per 300 ft2 ceiling area As proposed

FoundationsType: same as proposed As proposed

Foundation wall area above and below grade and soil characteristics: same as proposed As proposed

Opaque doors

Area: 40 ft2 As proposed

Orientation: North As proposed

U-factor: same as fenestration from Table N1102.1.4 As proposed

Vertical fenestration otherthan opaque doors

Total areab = As proposed

(a) The proposed glazing area, where the proposed glazing area is less than 15percent of the conditioned floor area

(b) 15 percent of the conditioned floor area, where the proposed glazing areais 15 percent or more of the conditioned floor area

Orientation: equally distributed to four cardinal compass orientations (N, E, S & W). As proposed


SHGC: as specified in Table N1102.1.2 except that for climates with no requirement (NR) SHGC = 0.40 shall be used.

As proposed

Interior shade fraction: 0.92-(0.21 × SHGC for the standard reference design) 0.92-(0.21 × SHGC as proposed)External shading: none As proposed

Skylights None As proposed

Thermally isolatedsunrooms

None As proposed

Air exchange rate

Air leakage rate of 5 air changes per hour in Climate Zones 1 and 2, and 3 air changes per hour in Climate Zones 3 through 8 at a pressure of 0.2 inches w.g (50 Pa). The mechanical ventilation rate shall be in addition to the air leakage rate and the same as in the proposed design, but no greater than 0.01 × CFA + 7.5 × (Nbr + 1) where:

CFA = conditioned floor areaNbr = number of bedrooms

Energy recovery shall not be assumed for mechanical ventilation.

For residences that are not tested, the same air leakage rate as the standard reference design.

For tested residences, the mea-sured air exchange ratea.

The mechanical ventilation rateb shall be in addition to the air leakage rate and shall be as pro-posed.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY


TABLE N1105.5.2(1) [R405.5.2(1)]—continued SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE STANDARD REFERENCE AND PROPOSED DESIGNS

For SI: 1 square foot = 0.93 m2, 1 British thermal unit = 1055 J, 1 pound per square foot = 4.88 kg/m2, 1 gallon (US) = 3.785 L, °C = (°F-32)/1.8, 1 degree = 0.79 rad.a. Where required by the code official, testing shall be conducted by an approved party. Hourly calculations as specified in the ASHRAE Handbook of

Fundamentals, or the equivalent shall be used to determine the energy loads resulting from infiltration. b. The combined air exchange rate for infiltration and mechanical ventilation shall be determined in accordance with Equation 43 of 2001 ASHRAE Handbook

of Fundamentals, page 26.24 and the “Whole-house Ventilation” provisions of 2001 ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals, page 26.19 for intermittentmechanical ventilation.

c. Thermal storage element shall mean a component not part of the floors, walls or ceilings that is part of a passive solar system, and that provides thermalstorage such as enclosed water columns, rock beds, or phase-change containers. A thermal storage element must be in the same room as fenestration that faceswithin 15 degrees (0.26 rad) of true south, or must be connected to such a room with pipes or ducts that allow the element to be actively charged.

d. For a proposed design with multiple heating, cooling or water heating systems using different fuel types, the applicable standard reference design systemcapacities and fuel types shall be weighted in accordance with their respective loads as calculated by accepted engineering practice for each equipment andfuel type present.

e. For a proposed design without a proposed heating system, a heating system with the prevailing federal minimum efficiency shall be assumed for both thestandard reference design and proposed design.

f. For a proposed design home without a proposed cooling system, an electric air conditioner with the prevailing federal minimum efficiency shall be assumedfor both the standard reference design and the proposed design.

g. For a proposed design with a nonstorage-type water heater, a 40-gallon storage-type water heater with the prevailing federal minimum energy factor for thesame fuel as the predominant heating fuel type shall be assumed. For the case of a proposed design without a proposed water heater, a 40-gallon storage-typewater heater with the prevailing federal minimum efficiency for the same fuel as the predominant heating fuel type shall be assumed for both the proposeddesign and standard reference design.

BUILDING COMPONENT STANDARD REFERENCE DESIGN PROPOSED DESIGN

Mechanical ventilation

None, except where mechanical ventilation is specified by the pro-posed design, in which case:Annual vent fan energy use:

kWh/yr = 0.03942 × CFA + 29.565 × (Nbr +1)where:

CFA = conditioned floor areaNbr = number of bedrooms

As proposed

Internal gains IGain = 17,900 + 23.8 × CFA + 4104 × Nbr (Btu/day per dwelling unit) Same as standard reference design.

Internal mass An internal mass for furniture and contents of 8 pounds per square foot of floor area.

Same as standard reference design, plus any additional mass specifically designed as a ther-mal storage elementc but not inte-gral to the building envelope or structure.

Structural mass

For masonry floor slabs, 80 percent of floor area covered by R-2 carpet and pad, and 20 percent of floor directly exposed to room air.

As proposed

For masonry basement walls, as proposed, but with insulation required by Table R402.1.4 located on the interior side of the walls

As proposed

For other walls, for ceilings, floors, and interior walls, wood frame con-struction

As proposed

Heating systemsd, e

As proposed for other than electric heating without a heat pump, where the proposed design utilizes electric heating without a heat pump the standard reference design shall be an air source heat pump meeting the requirements of Section C403 of the IECC-Commercial Provisions.

Capacity: sized in accordance with Section N1103.7

As proposed

Cooling systemsd, f As proposedCapacity: sized in accordance with Section N1103.7.

As proposed

Service water heatingd, e, f As proposedUse: same as proposed design

As proposedgal/day = 30 + (10 × Nbr)

Thermal distribution systems

Duct insulation: From Section N1103.2.1

A thermal distribution system efficiency (DSE) of 0.88 shall be applied to both the heating and cooling system efficiencies for all systems other than tested duct systems. For tested duct systems, the leakage rate shall be 4 cfm (113.3 L/min) per 100 ft2 (9.29 m2) of conditioned floor area at a pressure of differential of 0.1 inches w.g. (25 Pa).

As tested or as specified in Table R405.5.2(2) if not tested. Duct insulation shall be as proposed.

ThermostatType: Manual, cooling temperature setpoint = 75°F;Heating temperature setpoint = 72°F Same as standard reference

ENERGY EFFICIENCY


N1105.6.2 (R405.6.2) Specific approval. Performanceanalysis tools meeting the applicable provisions of SectionN1105 shall be permitted to be approved. Tools are per-mitted to be approved based on meeting a specified thresh-old for a jurisdiction. The building official shall bepermitted to approve tools for a specified application orlimited scope.

N1105.6.3 (R405.6.3) Input values. When calculationsrequire input values not specified by Sections N1102,N1103, N1104 and N1105, those input values shall betaken from an approved source.

SECTION N1106 (R406)ENERGY RATING INDEX

COMPLIANCE ALTERNATIVEN1106.1 (R406.1) Scope. This section establishes criteria forcompliance using an Energy Rating Index (ERI) analysis.

N1106.2 (R406.2) Mandatory requirements. Compliancewith this section requires that the mandatory provisions iden-tified in Sections N1101.2 and N1103.5.3 be met. The build-ing thermal envelope shall be greater than or equal to levelsof efficiency and Solar Heat Gain Coefficient in Table402.1.2 or 402.1.4 of the 2009 International Energy Conser-vation Code.

Exception: Supply and return ducts not completely insidethe building thermal envelope shall be insulated to a mini-mum of R-6.

N1106.3 (R406.3) Energy rating index. The Energy RatingIndex (ERI) shall be a numerical integer value that is basedon a linear scale constructed such that the ERI referencedesign has an Index value of 100 and a residential buildingthat uses no net purchased energy has an Index value of 0.Each integer value on the scale shall represent a one percentchange in the total energy use of the rated design relative tothe total energy use of the ERI reference design. The ERIshall consider all energy used in the residential building.

N1106.3.1 (R406.3.1) ERI reference design. The ERIreference design shall be configured such that it meets theminimum requirements of the 2006 International EnergyConservation Code prescriptive requirements.

The proposed residential building shall be shown tohave an annual total normalized modified load less than orequal to the annual total loads of the ERI reference design.

N1106.4 (R406.4) ERI-based compliance. Compliancebased on an ERI analysis requires that the rated design beshown to have an ERI less than or equal to the appropriatevalue listed in Table N1106.4 when compared to the ERI ref-erence design.

TABLE N1106.4 (R406.4)MAXIMUM ENERGY RATING INDEX

N1106.5 (R406.5) Verification by approved agency. Verifi-cation of compliance with Section N1106 shall be completedby an approved third party.

N1106.6 (R406.6) Documentation. Documentation of thesoftware used to determine the ERI and the parameters for theresidential building shall be in accordance with SectionsN1106.6.1 through N1106.6.3.

N1106.6.1 (R406.6.1) Compliance software tools. Docu-mentation verifying that the methods and accuracy of thecompliance software tools conform to the provisions ofthis section shall be provided to the code official.

N1106.6.2 (R406.6.2) Compliance report. Compliancesoftware tools shall generate a report that documents thatthe ERI of the rated design complies with SectionsN1106.3 and N1106.4. The compliance documentationshall include the following information:

1. Address or other identification of the residentialbuilding.

CLIMATE ZONE ENERGY RATING INDEX

1 52

2 52

3 51

4 54

5 55

6 54

7 53

8 53

TABLE N1105.5.2(2) [R405.5.2(2)] DEFAULT DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM EFFICIENCIES FOR PROPOSED DESIGNSa

For SI: 1 cubic foot per minute = 0.47 L/s, 1 square foot = 0.093m2, 1 pound per square inch = 6895 Pa, 1 inch water gauge = 1250 Pa.a. Default values given by this table are for untested distribution systems, which must still meet minimum requirements for duct system insulation.b. Hydronic systems shall mean those systems that distribute heating and cooling energy directly to individual spaces using liquids pumped through closed-loop

piping and that do not depend on ducted, forced airflow to maintain space temperatures.c. Entire system in conditioned space shall mean that no component of the distribution system, including the air handler unit, is located outside of the conditioned

space.d. Ductless systems shall be allowed to have forced airflow across a coil but shall not have any ducted airflow external to the manufacturer’s air handler

enclosure.

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM CONFIGURATION AND CONDITION FORCED AIR SYSTEMS HYDRONIC SYSTEMSb

Distribution system components located in unconditioned space — 0.95

Untested distribution systems entirely located in conditioned spacec 0.88 1

“Ductless” systemsd 1 —

ENERGY EFFICIENCY


2. An inspection checklist documenting the buildingcomponent characteristics of the rated design. Theinspection checklist shall show results for both theERI reference design and the rated design, and shalldocument all inputs entered by the user necessary toreproduce the results.

3. Name of individual completing the compliancereport.

4. Name and version of the compliance software tool.

Exception: Multiple orientations. Where an otherwiseidentical building model is offered in multiple orienta-tions, compliance for any orientation shall be permittedby documenting that the building meets the perfor-mance requirements in each of the four (north, east,south and west) cardinal orientations.

N1106.6.3 (R406.6.3) Additional documentation. Thecode official shall be permitted to require the followingdocuments:

1. Documentation of the building component charac-teristics of the ERI reference design.

2. A certification signed by the builder providing thebuilding component characteristics of the rateddesign.

3. Documentation of the actual values used in the soft-ware calculations for the rated design.

N1106.7 (R406.7) Calculation software tools. Calculationsoftware, where used, shall be in accordance with SectionsN1106.7.1 through N1106.7.3.

N1106.7.1 R(406.7.1) Minimum capabilities. Calcula-tion procedures used to comply with this section shall besoftware tools capable of calculating the ERI as describedin Section N1106.3, and shall include the following capa-bilities:

1. Computer generation of the ERI reference designusing only the input for the rated design.

The calculation procedure shall not allow the user todirectly modify the building component characteristics ofthe ERI reference design.

2. Calculation of whole-building, as a single zone, siz-ing for the heating and cooling equipment in the ERIreference design residence in accordance with Sec-tion N1103.7.

3. Calculations that account for the effects of indoorand outdoor temperatures and part-load ratios on theperformance of heating, ventilating and air-condi-tioning equipment based on climate and equipmentsizing.

4. Printed code official inspection checklist listing eachof the rated design component characteristics deter-mined by the analysis to provide compliance, alongwith their respective performance ratings.

N1106.7.2 (406.7.2) Specific approval. Performanceanalysis tools meeting the applicable sections of SectionN1106 shall be approved. Tools are permitted to beapproved based on meeting a specified threshold for ajurisdiction. The code official shall approve tools for aspecified application or limited scope.

N1106.7.3 (R406.7.3) Input values. When calculationsrequire input values not specified by Sections N1102,N1103, N1104 and N1105, those input values shall betaken from an approved source.

SECTION 1107 (R501)EXISTING BUILDINGS—GENERAL

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SECTION N1108 (R502)ADDITIONSDELETED

SECTION N1109 (R503)ALTERATIONS

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SECTION N1110 (R504)REPAIRSDELETED

SECTION N1111 (R505)CHANGE OF OCCUPANCY OR USE

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Documents

Part IV—Energy Conservation...slope of a least 60 degrees (1.05 rad) from horizontal. HEATED SLAB. Slab-on-grade construction in which the heating elements, hydronic tubing, or hot