Name ___________________________ Date __________________________

Part I. Multiple Choice. Read the following questions and circle the best answer. Write the letter of the answer in the blank beside the question number.

1. ______ At the _____________, the Kiowa, Comanche, and Cheyenne Indians were attacked by Colonel Ranald S. Mackenzie just before dawn. The Plains Indians were forced into Oklahoma as a result.

a. Battle of Satantab. Battle of Adobe Wallsc. Battle of Palo Duro Canyond. Battle of Charles Goodnight

2. Why did U.S. Army troops build forts in Texas after the Civil War?

a. The Plains Indians needed a place to live.b. The settlers in Texas wanted protection from Indian raids.c. While living at the forts, Texan soldiers could fight the Plains Indians and

force them onto reservations.d. Both b and c.

3. The ________, which is now Oklahoma, was the location of reservations where some Indian chiefs moved with their people.

a. Great Plainsb. Red Riverc. Adobe Wallsd. Indian Territory

4. _____ Which of the following was a well known rancher in the 1800s?

a. Charles Goodnightb. Richard Kingc. Henrietta Kingd. All of the above

5. Most cattle trails used in the 1860s were named in honor of ______.

a. The first people who traveled them.b. Plains Indian tribes.c. Texas cities through which they passed.d. a, b, and c

Name ___________________________ Date __________________________

*image taken from http://www.panhandleplains.org/index.php

6. Looking at the piece of art above, what makes it significant to Texas history in the 1800s?

a. The cowboys rode cattle as they traveled on the cattle trails.b. It shows the grassy, open range where some 5 million cattle lived.c. Cowboys like Richard King drove the cattle out of Texas when they began to

form settlements. d. None of the above.

Use the following paragraphs to answer questions 7-10.

Charles Franklin Reaugh

Charles Franklin Reaugh (also known as Frank) was an artist, teacher, and inventor who lived from 1860-1945. He wanted his art to show the unsettled regions of the southwest before 1900. He chose to use pastels and paints for his pictures.

When he was fifteen, Frank moved from his home in Illinois to Terrell, Texas. While in Texas, he lived on a cotton farm and learned to paint by copying the artwork of famous artists in Europe. Most of this art showed large animals. Around 1800, Frank was given the opportunity to ride along with two cattlemen on their cattle round-up. After this trip, the men helped him pay to study art in St. Louis and Paris. In Paris, he learned how to use pastels in art. In 1890, Frank moved to Dallas with his family. At this house,

Name ___________________________ Date __________________________

Frank and his dad built an art studio in their backyard where Frank could work. His artwork became very famous during the next ten years.

Over his lifetime, Frank Reaugh invented a number of useful tools for artists, such as a folding lap easel and a small carrying case for pastels. Reaugh also created and sold his own brand of pastels, which matched the colors of regional plants and flowers. Each pastel was cast in a hexagonal shape so they would be easy to handle when sitting in a field.

Reaugh is also famous for a studio he built in 1928-1929. It contained a vault, or storage area, for paintings. The studio also had places for musical performances and classrooms. He built other things also. When he was teaching art, he made a Model T Ford car into a bus. The bus was a place to ride, sleep, eat, and store supplies. Frank and his students rode around the southwest, drawing things they saw in nature.

7. ______ What is the main idea of the second paragraph?

a. Frank Reaugh liked to paint cattle when he went on trips.b. Frank Reaugh painted things he saw in the southwest.c. Places Frank Reaugh traveled helped him become a good artist.d. Things Frank Reaugh invented became famous.

8. What was the first event in Frank Reaugh’s life that led him to make art?

a. His dad built him a studio in the backyard.b. He studied in Paris and St. Louis.c. He rode along with two cattlemen on their cattle drive.d. He moved to a cotton farm in Texas.

9. After reading the story, what types of things do you think Frank Reaugh mostly painted?

a. Cattle and landscapesb. Birds and treesc. People who helped himd. Pictures of his inventions

Name ___________________________ Date __________________________

10. __ What would be the best summary for this story?

a. Frank Reaugh painted and invented things that were mostly inspired by his travels. His teaching and work are now part of the history of the southwest.

b. Frank Reaugh traveled to many places and lived in Texas. He liked painting and drawing animals and even went on cattle drives to see them.

c. Frank Reaugh invented a lot of things that helped him paint. He then taught people how to paint.

d. Frank Reaugh was a wonderful man who loved to paint. He was a good artist, and many people like his artwork.

Part II: True and False: Read each statement and decide if it is true or false. Place a T (true) or F (false) on the line next to the number.

1. ____ The way the elements and principles of art are used affects the meaning an

artwork expresses.

2. ____ George Catlin was an American painter who was best known for his landscape

scenes in the mountains of West Texas.

3. ____ Railroad tracks on a straight path have parallel, intersecting, and perpendicular

lines.

4. ____ Quanah Parker led the U.S. Army in the last major battle of the Red River War.

5. ____ During the railroad boom in Texas, the locomotive became a symbol of change.

6. _____ Because cattle sold for more money in the eastern United States, Texas ranchers

moved their cattle eastward on long trails. These moves were known as the cattle

drives.

7. ____ The building of railroads in Texas had almost no effect on the population of cities.

They were simply a better way of transporting things such as cattle and lumber.

Name ___________________________ Date __________________________

Use this painting to answer questions 8-10

8. ____ In this painting, the best word to describe the three-dimensional form of the

teepees is triangle.

9. ____ The artist of this painting used the principle of proportion when painting three

teepees of different sizes but the same general shape.

10. ____ The art element of line is used at the top of each teepee. The sticks at the top are

shown by using perpendicular, intersecting lines.

Name ___________________________ Date __________________________

Part III: Matching: Match each phrase in the first column with a word in the second

column. Place the letter of the word on the line next to the number.

__ 1. An artist who repeats an image, such as many horses in a stampede, is using ________.

A. Unity

___ 2. An artist painted a very simple landscape, but a cowboy was at the front of the painting wearing colorful, decorated chaps. The artist was using __________ to draw your attention to the cowboy’s clothes.

B. Pattern

___ 3. If the light on the front of a train in a picture is shining bright white light against a black, night sky, this would be an example of ___________.

C. Balance

___ 4. Symmetry in a painting is one way to use the art principle of ____________.

D. Contrast

___ 5. In a painting of a field with trees and wildflowers,

everything in the painting works together because the

painting has ________.

E. Variety

Name ___________________________ Date __________________________

Part IV: Interpretive Exercise: Use the painting below to answer the five questions which follow it. Circle the T if the statement is true or F if the statement is false.

1. T F The artist of this painting uses the color red to emphasize certain parts of the painting.

2. T F The element of line was used to paint the weapons carried by the Native Americans.

3. T F The artist of this painting probably wanted to show what life was like at the

Indian Territory reservations.

4. T F The white clouds in this painting show contrast with the blue sky.

5. T F The line in which the Indians are riding creates the idea of movement and rhythm in the painting.

Name ___________________________ Date __________________________

Part V: Short Answer: Use the painting below to answer the short answer questions

which follow it. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. Each answer should be

3-5 sentences in length.

1. What is the setting of this painting? How does it relate to the late 1800s in Texas?

2. Describe the grass in this painting. What elements and principles of art were used to

paint the grass?

3. How would you say the artist creates balance in this painting?

4. Does the painting have unity? Why or why not?

5. Did the artist use emphasis in any part of this painting? If so, what is emphasized and

how? If not, do you think any part should be emphasized?

Name ___________________________ Date __________________________

Part VI: Fill in the Blanks: Read each sentence and fill in the blanks with words that make each sentence true.

1. Two of the cattle trails that ran through Texas were the ___________________ Trail

and the _________________________________ Trail.

2. Joseph Farwell Glidden invented ________________________ which kept cattle from

roaming.

3. Many words in the cattle business such as rodeo and corral came from the

_____________________ language.

4. When reading a cattle brand, an upside down letter is read as a ________________

letter. A letter lying on its side is read as a ________________ letter. Finally, a letter

written backwards is known as a _________________ letter.

5. __________________________ was a famous woman who trained the strong workhorses

used on the cattle drives.

Name ___________________________ Date __________________________

Part VII: Matching: Match each phrase in the first column with a word in the second

column. Place the letter of the word on the line next to the number.

___ 1. a time of rapid growth A. junction

___ 2. used water to run B. depot

___ 3. where two or more rail lines meet C. boom

___ 4. a train engine D. locomotive

___ 5. a train station E. steam engine

Name ___________________________ Date __________________________

Part VIII Essay: Answer the following question as an essay. You may use your Social

Studies textbook and notes you have taken about the elements and principles of art to help

you. Your essay should be in TAKS format.

1. Using one of the four artworks provided, write an essay about it. You must include

information about the elements and principles of art you see used in the painting. You

must also tell what you think the artist was trying to show, and how this piece of art

relates to Chapter 9 of your Social Studies book. Describe the scene by either stating

exactly what you see, or writing a story about the person or event shown. You should

also write about the thoughts and feelings you have when you look at the art.

2. Essay #2 supports the alternative assessment – see student handout

Name ___________________________ Date __________________________

http://www.kancoll.org/khq/1946/46_1_taft.htm

http://www.sonofthesouth.net

Name ___________________________ Date __________________________

http://www.tfaoi.com/cm/4cm/4cm472.gif