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Scientists DNA # 1 DNA # 2 RNA #1 RNA #2
Who discovered the shape of the DNA molecule and won the
Nobel Prize?
Who used X-rays to determine what DNA really looked like?
What scientist actually found DNA is the “factor” that caused good bacteria to
change into bad bacteria? He also used mice in his experiment.
Scientists - 300
Avery
Remember: Avery got an “A” for finding DNA
Who used radioactive bacteriophages (viruses) to find
the genetic material?
Hershey & ChaseThey “chase”d after Avery’s idea of where genetic material is found
using viruses.
Scientists - 400
Who tried to find the genetic material but failed? Instead he found TRANSFORMATION.
This scientist injected mice with killed disease causing bacteria and good, live bacteria and the mice died of pneumonia.
GriffithF for failing to find genetic material!F for finding
Scientists - 500
What does DNA stand for and what is its shape?
Deoxyribose
DNA #1 - 200
(Do not need to know this structure. )
5-Carbon Sugar (Deoxyribose)
Phosphate Group
Nitrogen Base
DNA #1 - 300
Name the 4 Nitrogen bases in DNA and how do they pair up?
What is the rule called and what scientist found it?
What holds pairs together?
Adenine (A)=Thymine (T)Cytosine (C)=Guanine (G)
Rule of Base Pairingor
Chargaff’s Rule
Hydrogen Bonds
DNA #1 - 400
What are the structures of A&G and T&C called?
Single ring
Double ring
Are there more purines or pyrimidines in DNA?
Purines (A&G) 2 rings (house & outhouse)
Pyrimidines (T&C) 1 ringcytosine & thymine
DNA #1 - 500
%Purines = %Pyrimidines
What is the name of the protein that DNA wraps itself around to
condense (coil up)?
1. What is replication?2. Why is it important?
3. How many new strands are made at the end of replication?
1. Copying of DNA 2. For cell division 3. 2 new strands of DNA giving a total of 4 strands1 new w/ 1 original
DNA #2 - 200
An original strand of DNA has these nitrogen bases
C G G T A T G A C
What are the bases for the new DNA strand during replication?
DNA #2 - 300
C G G T A T G A C originalG C C A T A C T A new
What enzyme (protein) copies the DNA for replication?
DNA Polymerase
DNA #2 - 400
Where is DNA found, what type of cells, and what is its
function?
DNA is the genetic code for making proteins and is found in
the nucleus of eukaryotes.
DNA #2 - 500
What does RNA stand for and what is its function?
RiboNucleic Acid
Makes proteins
RNA #1 - 100
What sugar is in RNA?
Ribose
RNA #1 - 200
What nitrogen base does RNA have that DNA does not have?
Uracil (Hint: r for RNA)RNA #1 - 300
What is the structure of RNA and where is it found?
Single Strand starts in nucleus and goes out to cytoplasm to the ribosome.
RNA #1 - 400
CYTOPLASM
Name some similarities
between DNA and RNA?
RNA #1 - 500
Both Have:
Sugar + Phosphate Backbone
A, C, G nitrogen bases
What is the enzyme (protein) that reads the DNA and makes mRNA?
RNA Polymerase
RNA #2 - 100
What is the 3 base code on the mRNA called?
Codon
RNA #2 - 200
Name the 3 different types of RNA and what do each do.
mRNA- brings genetic code for proteins from DNA to ribosome
(recipe) tRNA- brings amino acids to ribosomes
(sous chef)rRNA- (ribosome) makes the protein (chef)
RNA #2 - 300
Where does the mRNA go after being made in the nucleus?
Name the location in the cell and organelle.
To the ribosomes in the cytoplasm
RNA #2 - 400
What does the tRNA bring to the ribosome, how many, and what are
the 3 bases called?
(Need 3 things)
tRNAbrings
1 Amino Acidand attaches to codon
using itsAnticodon
RNA #2 - 500
