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PARIS
“La ville-lumière” (“The City of Lights”)
or
“La cité d’amour” (“City of Love”)
History of Paris
• Founded on a small island by the Parisii tribe
• Paris is the largest city of continental Europe and
is the capital of France, over 2,000 years old.
• Is divided into 20 “arrondissements” or districts
• Let’s go learn more at these two websites:
• History of Paris, France
• Chronological History of Paris, France
Paris – La Seine
• La Rive Seine = means “The Seine River”
• Dissects Paris into two parts called “La Rive Gauche” (“The Left Bank”) on the south and “La Rive Droite” (“The Right Bank”) on the north side of the Seine
• Helps give Paris its romantic feel
• Random Bit of Info: St. Joan of Arc's ashes were thrown into the Seine
Le Métro
• Le Métro
• If you want to get anywhere in
Paris fast and efficiently, then
Le Métro is your best bet!
• Opened on July 19, 1900
An example of one of
the Art Nouveau
métro entrances
designed by Hector
Guimard between
1898-1904 -taken
from:
http://www.paris.org/
Metro/
Major Districts in Paris
•Quartier Latin
•Marais
•Montmartre
•Ile-de-la-Cité
Shopping in Paris
Les Galéries Lafayette*
Rue de Rivoli
PRINTEMPS*
*Les Galéries Lafayette and
PRINTEMPS are two major high-
end French department store chains.
“La Rue de Rivoli” is a major street
lined with high-end, expensive
“boutique” shops.
Shopping in Paris (part 2)
La Samaritaine – a department
store that sadly closed in 2005 due to the
antique building not meeting safety codes
BHV - (located next to L’Hôtel de ville)
this is another French department store chain
Châtelet / les Halles – this is an
underground mall and train station
Paris Landmarks
•La Tour Eiffel
•Designed by Gustave
Eiffel in 1887
•Completed in 1889
and the Parisians
hated it! They signed
a petition to have it
torn down.
•They said it was ugly
because it “polluted”
their skyline.
Paris Landmarks L’Hôtel des
Invalides – also
known as “Les Invalides”
The red marble casket of
Napoleon Bonaparte
Paris Landmarks “Le Musée Rodin” • opened in 1919
• dedicated to the works of
French sculptor Auguste
Rodin (1840-1917)
• the museum houses 6,600
sculptures, 8,000 drawings,
8,000 photographs, and
7,000 other works of art
• the sculptures are mostly in
the surrounding gardens
where there is a small lake
and a restaurant
• Rodin himself personally
owned works by Monet,
Renoir, and Van Gogh
(Impressionist painters)
and these are on display
here as well
Paris Landmarks
• Le Musée d’Orsay
• Once was a train station but converted to
an art museum in 1977 and opened in
1986.
• One of the two most major art museums
in the world located here in Paris that
houses mostly Impressionist and Post-
Impressionist artwork by famous artists
like Vincent Van Gogh, Claude Monet,
Renoir, and many others
Le “Marais”*
et
“L’Ile-de-la-cité”**
*The “Marais” is the district of Paris known for its expensive shops, boutiques,
restaurants, bistros, and apartment housing.
**The “Ile-de-la-cité” is the largest of the two tiny islands in the middle of the
Seine River and at the heart of the city of Paris.
Paris Landmarks
•Paris’ city hall.
Houses the offices of
the Mayor of Paris.
•Built between 1553
and 1628
•Expanded or enlarged
1803 and again in
1837
L’Hôtel de ville
Paris Landmarks • La Conciergerie (formerly
called “Le Palais de Justice”)
• Was first a royal palace for the first kings and queens of France during the Middle Ages, but was later turned into a high-security prison during the Revolution
• Marie-Antoinette was imprisoned here during the French Revolution before going to “La guillotine”
• Located on the “Ile-de-la-Cité” and today houses government offices, the Paris police, and a museum
Paris Landmarks
• Le Pont Neuf
• Means “The New
Bridge”
• Ironically named since
it is the oldest bridge
in Paris, begun in
1578 and completed in
1607.
Paris Landmarks •Notre Dame de Paris
•Gothic cathedral built
between 1163 and 1285
•Site made famous by the
novel by Victor Hugo
about a hunchback who
lived in the bell towers
and entitled “Notre Dame
de Paris.”
•Located on the “Ile-de-
la-Cité”
Paris Landmarks
• Les Catacombes
Paris Landmarks
• L’Arche de la Défense (also known as “La Grande Arche”)
• Is a “20th century version of the Arc de Triomphe” and is in nearly perfect alignment L’Arc de Triomphe, L’avenue des Champs Elysees, Place de la Concorde, and Le Palais du Louvre – This alignment is called “Axe historique”
• Was commissioned by President François Mittérand and designed by Johann Otto von Spreckelsen
Paris Landmarks
•Commissioned
by Napoleon
Bonaparte in
1806, not
finished until
1836 to celebrate
his victory at
Austerlitz
L’Arc de Triomphe – “The Arc of Triumph!”
Paris Landmarks • L’Avenue des
Champs-Elysées
• Literally means “The
Avenue of Elevated
Fields”
L’Élysée
• The French “White House”
• The “Élysée” is the palatial home for the current “Président de la République”
• You can find the “Élysée” towards the end of the well-known “Avenue des Champs-Élysées” near the “Place de la Concorde”**
• (**see next slide)
Paris Landmarks
Place de la Concorde**
**It was here that “La guillotine” was placed during
the French Revolution to execute prisoners.
Paris Landmarks
• L’Obélisque de Louxor
• was a gift from the Egyptian government to the French government in 1829.
• The 3,300-year-old obelisk once marked the entrance to the Luxor Temple.
• It is decorated with hieroglyphics exalting the reign of the pharaoh Ramses II.*
Paris Landmarks L’Arc de Triomphe du
Carrousel
Paris Landmarks •Le Musée du
Louvre – formerly
titled “Le Palais du
Louvre”
•Today it is the most
famous art museum
in the world, made
famous because it
houses “La Joconde”
or the “Mona Lisa”
as we know her!
•Paris Pages
Musee du Louvre
Paris Landmarks
• “Axe Historique” or “Voie triomphale”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axe_historique
Paris Landmarks
Église de la Madeleine*
*means “Church of Mary Magdalene”, located on the
north side of the “Place de la Concorde”
Paris Landmarks
• L’Assemblée Nationale
• Houses the French Parliament
• Works with “Le Sénat” to create laws
• Located on the south side of the “Place de la Concorde” and is a mirror image of the “Église de la Madeleine” on the north side
http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/english/index.asp
La Grande Salle de l’Assemblée
Paris Landmarks
Place Vendôme
L’Hôtel Ritz* – also known as “Le Ritz”
*see next slide
Paris Landmarks
*This is the hotel (*see previous slide) where Princess Diana dined with her boyfriend Dodi Al Fayed on the night they both died in Paris in a horrendous car accident. In the picture above you can see the monument in honor of “Lady Di” (as the French call her) placed near the spot where the accident took place on August 31, 1997.
Paris Landmarks
•Le Centre Georges
Pompidou
•Located in the “Place
Beaubourg”
•Is a modern art museum
designed to be a work of art
itself! The building’s
design is meant to depict a
building turned inside-out.
•Built between 1977 and
1981
•Designed by Piano and
Rogers
Paris Landmarks
• Place de la Bastille
• Location of the former
Bastille prison which
was built between
1370 and 1383
• Bastille prison was
destroyed between
1789 and 1790 during
the French Revolution
Paris Landmarks
Opéra de la Bastille
Inaugurated in 1989, this modern opera house “became the main facility for the Paris National
Opera, France’s principal opera company,”* in addition to the older opera house, “L’Opéra
Garnier” (See Slide 46), finished in 1875. While the Opéra Garnier today is now mainly used for
ballet, the Opéra Bastille is used to hold opera, ballet, and symphony orchestral performances.
*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opéra_Bastille
Paris Landmarks
• Père-Lachaise Cimétière
• Cemetery where many
famous people are buried
including Oscar Wilde, Jim
Morrison, Marcel Proust,
Yves Montand, Edith Piaf,
and many others.
• One of the most famous
cemeteries in the world and
is also the most visited with
hundreds of thousands of
visitors each year!
Le Quartier Latin
Paris Landmarks
•Le Panthéon •Located in the “Quartier Latin”
which is the district in Paris most
famous for its many universities
and college students who live and
work there.
•Started in 1758 and completed in
1790, it serves as a mausoleum or a
site where many famous people are
buried: Voltaire, Victor Hugo,
Marie Curie, Alexandre Dumas,
and many others
•Paris Pages; Le Pantheon
Paris Landmarks
• La Sorbonne – The University of Paris
• Located in the “Quartier Latin”
• Founded in 1257 by Robert de Sorbon
• Was originally part of a group of colleges but eventually separated to become the most prestigious school in Paris
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorbonne
Paris Landmarks
Le Jardin du
Luxembourg -
“The Luxembourg
Gardens”
http://www.senat.fr/visite/ Le Sénat
Located on “La Rive
Gauche” in the heart of the
“Quartier Latin”
Paris Landmarks
•La Tour Montparnasse
•Finished in 1973
•Has 59 floors
•Has restaurants, gift shops,
business offices, a train
station (underground), an
observation deck with the
best panoramic view of
Paris
Café Procope • Founded in 1686, it is the oldest café in
Paris
• Located in the 6th arrondissement
• Became the world’s first “café” because
of how it gave men of the noble class a
place to drink coffee other than a tavern
(where men of poorer social classes
would congregate)
Voltaire’s writing desk on display
It was here Benjamin Franklin negotiated a
Franco-American alliance!
“Montmartre”*
*Literally means “mountain of the martyr”** and
famous for its history of bistros and small cafés
where many artists, both famous and unknown,
have “hung out” and painted in the streets.
**http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmartre
Paris Landmarks
•La Basilique du
Sacré Coeur – also
known as “Sacré Coeur”
which means “The Basilica of
the Sacred Heart (of Jesus)”
•Situated on the hill of
the district of Paris
known as “Montmartre”
•Overlooks the city, gives
one a grand view of the
city!
•Built between 1875 and
1914
Paris Landmarks • Le Moulin Rouge - means
“The Red Windmill”
• Built in 1889
• Houses exotic stage shows day and night with songs, dance, and comedy called “cabarets” with audiences seated at tables instead of theatre seats while they are served food and drinks
• Home of the internationally famous French dance called the “Can-can”
• located in Paris’ “Red-light” district, also known as “Pigalle”
Paris Landmarks
Opéra Garnier
*check out this website for more info: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palais_Garnier
Paris Landmarks
Le Stade de France
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stade_de_France
More Paris Landmarks…
• Le Jardin des Tuileries
• Palais de Chaillot
• La Sainte Chapelle
• La Tour St. Jacques
• Le Palais Royal
• Place des Vosges
• La Bibliotheque
Nationale de France
• L’Eglise de St.
Eustache
History of Paris Landmarks
• To learn even more go to this
website:
• WebMuseum: Paris: History
Sources
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxor_Obelisk
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Café_Procope
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musée_Rodin
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opéra_Bastille
La Fin
La Fin
