Paragraph 1: Highs and lows in France. Altitude differences in France In France you see big...
If you can't read please download the document
Paragraph 1: Highs and lows in France. Altitude differences in France In France you see big differences in altitude. This is called relief. Types of relief:
Altitude differences in France In France you see big
differences in altitude. This is called relief. Types of relief: 1.
lowland: lower than 200m 2. Hills: between 200-500 m 3. Low
mountain ranges: between 500-1500m 4. High mountain ranges: higher
than 1500m
Slide 3
Specific types of land 1. Basin: lowland surrounded by hills 2.
Coastal plain: a region with very little relief lower than 500m 3.
Plateau: a region with very little relief higher than 500 m 4.
Glacier: an ice field in a high mountain range that moves slowly
downhill. 5. Peninsula: a piece of land that is surrounded by water
on three sides. 6. Indented coast: a coast with deep bays and
inlets.
Slide 4
Paragraph 2: Landscape and climate in France and Europe
Slide 5
Kppens Classification System Kppen identified 5 climate zones.
And to describe each climate zone in more detail, he added extra
letters for the amount of precipitation. capital letters normal
letters Climate zonesLetters for precipitation A: tropical
climatef: fehlt precipitation all year B: dry climates: sommer dry
in summer C: sea climatew: winter dry in winter D: continental
climate E: polar climate
Slide 6
Kppens Classification System A-climate: Tropical climate a very
hot climate, mostly around the equator minimum temperature in
winter 18C Tropical rainforest and Savannah
Slide 7
Kppens Classification System B-climate: Dry climate a very dry
(warm or cold!) climate Maximum annual precipitation 500mm Desert
and Steppe
Slide 8
Kppens Classification System C-climate: sea or maritime climate
a very moderate climate, highly influenced by the temperature of
the sea. summer temperature above 15C Winter temperatures above -3C
Deciduous forest belt
Slide 9
Kppens Classification System D-climate: a moderate climate
influenced by the temperature of the continent summer temperatures
between 10C and 15C winter temperatures below -3C Taiga
Slide 10
Kppens Classification System E-climate: Polar climate a very
cold climate, mostly in high mountain range all year below 10C
Tundra To this climate, capital letters can be added: F: snow in
polar regions H: snow on high mountain ranges T: tundra
Slide 11
Climates in Europe In Europe we mostly see the following
climates: Cf: in countries along the Northsea coastline Cs: in
countries along the Mediterranean coastline Df: in countries north
of 55NL and in countries east of 10EL ET: in countries north of
66NL EH: in the high montain ranges of the Alps and the
Pyrenees
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
How to draw a climate diagram? 1. Because the temperature is
about the average of a month, draw a dot in the middle of the
month. Then link them together with a (red) line. 2. The
precipitation is the total of rainfall in a month. Therefore, you
draw a horizontal line on the whole width of the month and make a
bar of it.
Slide 16
Latitude How far away is a place from the equator? Definition:
the distance in degrees of a place from the equator Places with a
low latitude have a higher temperature than places with a high
latitude
Slide 17
Latitude and temperature When the sun shines vertically the
heat is more intense, because it has to warm a small surface. When
the sun shines diagonally, the heat is less intense, because the
heat is diverted over a bigger surface. diagonallyhigh latitude
verticallylow latitude
Slide 18
Angle of the sun The more diagonally the angle of the sun, the
bigger the part that has to be warmed up.
Slide 19
Altitude Places on a higher altitude are colder than places on
a lower altitude. Air is warmed up from the earth. When you go 1000
metres up, the temperature goes 6C down.
Slide 20
Distribution of land and sea Land warms up quickly and cools
down quickly; water warms up slowly and cools down slowly.
Slide 21
Direction of the wind Onshore winds: come from the sea and give
a temperature moderation. offshore winds: come from the land and
give very high (summer) or very low (winter) temperatures.
Slide 22
Onshore winds: In summer sea is cooler than land cool winds
Offshore winds: In winter: land is cooler than sea cool winds
Slide 23
Ocean currents In the oceans there are warm and cold gulf
streams, which make the temperature on land go up or go down.
Slide 24
Location of the mountains A mountain range can stop (moisture)
air and therefore cause a different climate on each side of the
mountain range. For example the Alps mountain range: on the west
side the climate is cooler and moister. The south side on the other
hand is warmer and drier.
Slide 25
Paragraph 3: People in France and Europe
Slide 26
Population size A population size is constantly changing,
influenced by two factors: 1. Natural changes: caused by births and
deaths 2. Social changes: caused by immigration and emigration
Slide 27
Natural changes: natural population growth Birth rate: the
number of births in a year per 1,000 people Death rate: the number
of deaths in a year per 1,000 people If there are more births than
deaths there is a birth surplus If there are more deaths than
births there is a death surplus
Slide 28
Social changes: social population growth Immigration: people
from other parts of the world who come to live in foreign countries
permanentely. Emigration: people who leave their country to live
permanentely in another of the world. Immigration surplus: when the
number of people who come to live in a foreign country is greater
than the number of poeple who leave that country. Otherwise there
is a emigration surplus.