Pakistan:30°and 0' North Latitude70°and 0' East Longitude

India:6°44' and 35°30' North latitude 68°7' and 97°25' East Longitude

India: The country is divided between two time zones so the hours of the days and nights do differ

Pakistan: The country only has one time zone so the hours of the days and nights are the same.

India: Greenwich Mean Time(GMT)+5.5 hrsPakistan: Time zone (GMT)+ 5 hrs.

India: The Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of India, the whole country is considered to be tropical.

Pakistan: Tropic of Cancer passes through the bottom of the country

India: Calcite(most famous,

is found in the Deccan Traps)

Mica Aventurine quartz Hollandite (first one

found)

Pakistan: Epidote Morganite Tormaline Aquamarine Garnets Apatites

India It appears to have risen as a result of a

collision between the drifting Indian plate and the Tibetan plate of South Asia about 50 million years ago.

The Himalayas reached their present heights much later.

The subcontinent's subsequent collision with the Eurasian Plate and subduction under it, gave rise to the Himalayas, the planet's highest mountains, which now abut India in the north and the north-east.

Impingement of the Indian Plate has continued for about 50 million years, whereas the Arabian Plate collision is more recent and began about 20 million years ago.

Pakistan As oceanic crust is sub ducted under

a continental margin a sequence of distinctive landforms develops: Linear ranges of accreted

material lie along the coast A topographic depression form

farther inland. The Northern Areas and Azad

Kashmir also lie mainly in Central Asia along the edge of the Indian plate and as a result are prone to severe earthquakes where Eurasian and the Indian plates collide.

WatershedsThere are mainly three water-sheds.

Himalayan range with its Karakoram branch in the NorthVindhyan and Satpura ranges in Central India Sahyadri or Western Chats on the West Coast.

All the major rivers of India originate in one or the other of these watersheds.

RiversThe main rivers are the Himalayan group:

The IndusThe Ganga The Brahmaputra

India: The north, north east and north west lie the Himalayan

ranges Himalayas, the highest mountain system in the world, it is also one of the world's youngest mountain ranges.

Patkai and allied mountain ranges run along the Indo-Bangladesh-Burma border.

Aravalli range in north-western India is one of the oldest mountain systems in the world .

Vindhyan range traverses nearly the whole width of Peninsular India

Pakistan: Tirich Mir Mountain Thar Desert

India and Pakistan: Encompassed by the India Ocean, and Arabian Sea

India:

lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m

highest point: Kanchenjunga 8,598 m

Pakistan:

lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m

highest point: K2 (Mt. Godwin-Austen) 8,611 m

India: Released an average 1.2 tons of Carbon dioxide per person in 2004

Pakistan: 97,409 tons of Carbon dioxide since 1998

India: Northeast Trade winds blow throughout

the winter months. During the Northern Hemisphere summer

however, the ITCZ is shifted well to the north of the equator, when the midday Sun is overhead at the Tropic of Cancer at latitude 23.5° north.

The Southeast Trade winds now cross the equator, and are deflected to the right by the Coriolis force, forming the Southwest Monsoons.

This summertime airflow picks up considerable moisture crossing the Indian Ocean, and brings a heavy and prolonged wet season to India and Southeast Asia through April to September, known as the Monsoon.

Pakistan High altitude mountains in an area

where wind patterns are concentrated.

Such wind patterns commonly blow dust from the coastal valleys into the water.

In most rainfed areas of Pakistan, the soils have developed from wind and water transported materials and consist of loess, old alluvial deposits, mountain out-wash and recent stream valley deposits.

Pakistan:

Has three seasons: Winter (November to March)

Is warm and cooled by sea breezes on the coast;

Summer (April to July)Has extreme

temperatures Monsoon season (July to

September) Has the highest rainfall on

the hills. Karachi has little rain.

Average humidity 31 %

India: Hot tropical weather with variations

from region to region. Coolest weather lasts from

December to February. Really hot weather, is between

March and May. Monsoon rains occur in most

regions in summer between June and September.

Southwest: Humidity is extreme Southeast: Tamil Nadu has

monsoons between October and December. Humidity are high all year

Northeast: March to June and September to November are the driest and most pleasant periods

Average humidity: 40- 60 %

Climate: Temperate

How mountains, altitudes, proximity to large body of water affects the climate:

43% sandy beaches, 11% rocky coast including cliffs, and 46% marshy coast.

India's climate is strongly influenced by the Himalayas and the Thar Desert, both of which drive the monsoons.

The Himalayas prevent cold Central Asian katabolic winds from blowing in, keeping the bulk of the Indian subcontinent warmer than most locations at similar latitudes.

The Thar Desert plays a crucial role in attracting the moisture-laden southwest summer monsoon winds that, between June and October, provide the majority of India's rainfall

Marine or continental climates: Marine

Arid or humid climates, how this refers to the latitudes: Humid, due to having the tropic of cancer pass right through the country.

Microclimates: India hosts six major climatic subtypes, ranging from arid desert in the west, alpine tundra and glaciers in the north, and humid tropical regions supporting rainforests in the southwest and the island territories. Many regions have starkly different microclimates.

Climate: Temperate How mountains, altitudes, proximity to large body of water affects the

climate: There is little rainfall. These generalizations should not, however, obscure the distinct

differences existing among particular locations. The coastal area along the Arabian Sea is usually warm, whereas the

frozen snow-covered ridges of the Karakoram Range and of other mountains of the far north are so cold year round that they are only accessible by world-class climbers for a few weeks in May and June of each year.

Marine or continental climates: Marine Arid or humid climates, how this refers to the latitudes: The climate is

generally arid, characterized by hot summers and cool or cold winters, and wide variations between extremes of temperature at given locations.

Microclimates: Pakistan mostly hot, dry desert; temperate in northwest; arctic in north

India Bounded on the south west by the

Arabian Sea and on the south east by the Bay of Bengal

Salinities Less than 35 parts per thousand

have been recorded in the upper 150 feet of the sea, while during the dry season (November to March)

When the northeast monsoon winds blow, salinities of more than 36 parts per thousand have been recorded at the surface over the entire Arabian Sea north of latitude 5° N, except off the Somali coast.

Pakistan Is also on the southern side

of the country, there you will see the Arabian Sea, and past the Arabian sea is the Indian ocean. A salinity of 35 psu

India: Suffer from droughts; flash floods, as well as widespread and destructive flooding from monsoonal rains; severe thunderstorms; earthquakes

Pakistan: Suffer from frequent earthquakes, occasionally severe especially in north and west; flooding along the Indus River after heavy rains (July and August)

India:Includes 4 Biomes:

The Tropical Rain Forest The Himalayan MountainsTropical Dry ForestTropical Deciduous Forest

Pakistan:Includes 4 Biomes:

The DesertTemperate GrasslandTropical Seasonal ForestMountain Ranges

India: Population: 1,147,995,898 Median age:

total: 25.1 years male: 24.7 years female: 25.5 years

Population growth rate:1.578% Birth rate: 22.22/1,000 population Death rate: 6.4/1,000 population Net migration rate:-0.05 migrant Sex ratio:

at birth: 1.12 male/female under 15 years: 1.1 male/female 15-64 years: 1.06 male/female 65 years and over: 0.9

male/female total population: 1.06 male/female

Total fertility rate:2.76 children

Pakistan: Population: 167,762,040 Median age:

total: 21.2 years male: 21 years female: 21.4 years

Population growth rate:1.805% Birth rate:26.93/1,000 population Death rate:7.83/1,000 population Net migration rate:-1.05 migrant Sex ratio:

at birth: 1.05 male/female under 15 years: 1.06 male/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male/female 65 years and over: 0.89 male/female total population: 1.05 male/female

Total fertility rate:3.58 children

https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Pagehttp://www.tourism.gov.pk/Index.htmlhttp://www.incredibleindia.org/http://www.stone-network.com/rocks/minerals.htmlhttp://www.rocksandminerals.org/rm8002.phphttp://www.google.com/search?hl=en&rls=com.microsoft%3Aenus&q=r

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