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November 2006
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-06-0489-01-0ban
Submission
Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: The MAGNET Beyond SystemDate Submitted: November 15, 2006Source: The MAGNET Beyond Consortium; Contact: Karsten Vandrup [TM] NokiaVoice: +41 32 720-5482, e-mail: [email protected]
Re: [N/A]
Abstract: This document presents the MAGNET Beyond System, applications and requirements, Personal Networks and architecture and optimized radio technology.
Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.
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Submission
THE MAGNET BEYOND SYSTEMOn behalf of The MAGNET Beyond Consortium
Presented/prepared by:
H. Afifi ([email protected]), GET-INT, France
J. Farserotu ([email protected]),CSEM, Switzerland
D-E.Meddour ([email protected]), France Telecom,
France
D. Noguet ([email protected]), CEA-LETI, France
K. Vandrup ([email protected]), Nokia, Finland
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Presentation outline
Introduction: J. Farserotu, CSEM
Applications and high level requirements: J. Farserotu, for K. Vandrup, Nokia
Personal Networking and architecture: D-E,. Meddour, France Telecom for H. Afifi, GET-INT
PN optimized radio technology: D. Noguet, CEA-LETI
Concluding remarks: J. Farserotu, CSEM
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Introduction, applications and high level requirements
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MAGNET and MAGNET Beyond in Figures
MAGNET Beyond is the successor of the MAGNET Project. Supported by the EU Commission (10.3 million Euro funded). The project started 1 Jan. 2006, and ends 30 June 2008
The MAGNET acronym stands for "My personal Adaptive Global NET“
MAGNET was an integrated project supported within the 6th Framework Programme of the EU Commission with 37 partners from Europe, Asia and US. MAGNET had a total budget of 18.14 million Euro (10 million Euro funded by the EU Commission)
MAGNET began 1 Jan. 2004, and ended 31 Dec. 2006.
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MAGNET Beyond Partners
Aalborg University - Denmark, ACORDE - Spain, ALCATEL - Italy, Brunel University -
UK, CSEM - Switzerland, CEA – France, NICT - Japan, Technical University of
Denmark - Denmark, Delft University of Technology - The Netherlands, France
Telecom R&D - France, FHG/FOKUS - Germany, FTW - Austria, GET-INT - France,
NTUA - Greece, IMEC – Belgium, INTRACOM S.A. - Greece, Lund University -
Sweden, NEC Europe Ltd. - Germany, Nokia Corporation OYJ – Finland, Nokia
GmbH - Germany, Philips Consumer Electronics - The Nederlands, Shanghai
Institute of Microsystems and Information Technology/CAS - P.R. China, Tata
Consultancy Service - India, TeliaSonera - Sweden, Telefónica - Spain, Universidad
de Cantabria – Spain, The University of Surrey - UK, University of Rome - Italy,
Technical Research Centre of Finland – Finland, Twente Institute of Wireless and
Mobile Communications - The Netherlands, University of Kassel - Germany
Over 100 researchers involved!
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• User scenarios, personalization and system requirements
• MAGNET architecture
• Baseline specifications
• Personal Networking R&D
• Low power air interfaces
• Security
• Platform R&D
• Promotion of the concept
• First generation system specifications (e.g. system, network, air interface, security and interfaces)
• Focused R&D (i.e., optimization, cross issues, missing pieces)
• Increased emphasis on security, privacy and trust (system wide). Separate WP and cross issues.
• PN platforms (i.e. for the pilot system and target future system)
• Introduction of pilot applications and services
• Commercial aspects: testing the market, standardization and building the business
MAGNET 2004-2005 MAGNET Beyond 2006-2008
MAGNET Beyond project
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Submission
Personal Network encompassing
heterogeneous devices shall support the
user’s professional and private activities,
without being obtrusive and while
safeguarding their privacy and security.
The MAGNET [Beyond] Vision
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Submission
PN User
A Personal Network (PN) is a new paradigm extending the concept of a Personal Area Network (PAN), to allow users secure access to all their personal devices and services regardless of geographical location
PN devices can be separated by hundreds of kilometers, and still belong to the same PN
PNs encompass all connection technologies, short and medium range radio, infrastructure wireless networks or any future broadband wireless technology
MAGNET BEYOND and PNs
Private PAN
PNs represent a potential mass market for short range wireless personal sensor devices
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P-PAN “A” P-PAN “B”
Blood pressure, temperature, ECG, pulse ear measurement devices…
Head Mounted Display
Heart rate Measurements
Headset
Personal applications and services, heterogeneous connectivity to nomadic users
Sensors
Screen
Speakers
Mobile Jukebox/ Gateway
Mass Storage
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Systemrequirements
Userworkshops
Te
chn
ical asp
ects
Bu
sin
es
s as
pe
cts
Expertworkshop
Usagescenarios
Userrequirements
Systemprototype
Operationalsystem
Themes
The user-centric process in MAGNET Beyond
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Role-based profile structure
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Requirements for Wireless Communication in the P-PAN
LDR communication
Short range
Low power consumptionLow power consumption
Low costLow cost
Robust and reliableRobust and reliable
Nomadic, go anywhere
Good coexistence
Small form factor
Rapid synchronization
Precise localization not required Unrestricted in geographic span!
HDR communicationShort range
High data rates
Good QoSGood QoS
Good spectral efficiencyGood spectral efficiency
Moderate complexityModerate complexity
Robust and reliable
Nomadic, go anywhere
Good coexistence
P-PAN Cellular, WLAN,…
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MAGNET BEYOND STANDARDISATION
MAGNET Standardisation Task Force (MSTF)• Representing the Consortium (34 partners from around the world) in standardization.• MSTF members : Nokia, NXP, NEC, CEA-LETI, CSEM, GET-INT, IMEC, Alcatel,…
Opportunity, market relevance and the need for a standard• A mass market standard for BAN based PNs enabling personal services to nomadic
users• A need for standards for a multitude of optimized short range, BAN devices
The benefits • Ensure coexistence and interoperability, and economy of scale
What is in it for MAGNET Beyond?• Unlocking the potential of personal services over PNs and the market for PN
optimised enabling devices MAGNET Beyond System – a PAN/BAN oriented system, personal services over Personal Networks, end-to-end, top-to-bottom approach
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Personal Networks and architecture
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Some Use case models: The diabetis BAN
Interconnection
Patient’sP-PAN.
Diabetescommunity
Health care clinic
Care taker
A BPatient’s P-PAN
IBG-Meter IM-Dev.
II-Pen
VR-Dev.
DiasNet Mobile
Doctor’s PANHome
Home PAN
Health care clinic PAN
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Service management architecture
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Connecting to the outer world
Interconnection of PNs
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Submission
Service View
Network View
SMNCMF
SMNCMF
s1s2
s3s6s5
FM
FM
N4N3
N5 N2N1
P-PAN1
P-PAN2
Connectivity View
RD1RD2
RD3
Ny
Nx
GW GW
N5
N2N1
ADHOC discovery and federation
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Ad-hoc PN-Federation: an example
•Two friends/colleagues/users meet with their P-PANs already up and
running
•First thing to do is discover each other (physically) and participate in
a common radio domain. E.g.:
Technology XRD1
P-PAN1
Technology XRD2
P-PAN2
P-PAN1 P-PAN2
Technology XRD1
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Submission
User controlled security
Using ontologies
Data SourceAbstractionLayer(DSA)
User interaction
User application
S NQ R
Local
Local
Local
CMF
Processing
Storage Cached context
User profile
Local
P&S
Intelligence
Processing
DSA Manager
Retriever
Data Source(Sensors)
Data Source(PHY/MAC Parameters)
Data Source(…)
RetrieverRetriever
Context Management Interface(CMI)
LocalContext Aware
Security Manager (CASecM)
Context Access
Manager(CAM)
Security Manager
Policy Manager
Privacy Manager
Light AAA
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Concept of Federation
•Used to share resources in a fully controlled maner
•Access control prevents any misusage
•Lightweight crypto to be supported on small devices
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Submission
A Magnet Namespace
•Cryptographically generated names allow very simple communication
in a complete secure manner
• ex:
[email protected]_b.com<0x3EDDF90A2217B>
• This means that John has his own personal authentication domain
• When John’s BAN exchanges with Peter’s BAN they first exchange
a symmetric information and then their devices can communicate
together
Group
UserExchange of assymetric
credentials with symmetric keys
Exchange of assymetric credentials with symmetric keys
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Submission
PN optimized radio technology
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Submission
MAGNET AI Selection
MAGNET is a system oriented project. The focus is on Personal Networking in
which nomadic PANs play a key component.
One of MAGNET’s targets is to specify and
Implement PAN/BAN optimised Air Interfaces
•High Data Rate (HDR)
•Low Data Rate (LDR)
The AI selections were made based on the requirements for PAN optimised AI’s
•LDR: FM-UWB (nominally 1-100 kbps)
•HDR: MC-SS (up to 130Mbps)E
ffici
ency
Data Rate
Highest Achievable Efficiency across all Data Rates
AcceptableEfficiency
EfficiencyCut Off Point
Design Point foroptimal LDRperformance
Design Point foroptimal HDRperformance
UnacceptableEfficiency
LDR HDR
Effi
cien
cy
Data Rate
Highest Achievable Efficiency across all Data Rates
AcceptableEfficiency
EfficiencyCut Off Point
Design Point foroptimal LDRperformance
Design Point foroptimal HDRperformance
UnacceptableEfficiency
LDR HDR
FM-UWBFM-UWB MC-SSMC-SS
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Submission
HDR – why MC-SS
TDMA: Simple to implement, compliant with IEEE802.15.3 MAC
CDMA: Not applicable in a PAN peer-to-peer scenario, because all codes are affected by a different channel No simple equalisation possible especially as no CSI is available for all links
Spread spectrum technique: Simple to implement, exploits diversity, provides more robustness against interference, offers scalability and flexibility
Adaptive schemes: If properly applied can result in significant performance gain due, increases complexity trade-off research potential
MC-SS air interface investigation using spread spectrum approach with adaptive schemes
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Submission
MAGNET HDR: Multi Carrier Spread Spectrum (MC-SS)• Flexible and scalable HDR system
•Flexible in code and time domain
•Data Rate of up to 130Mb/s
• PAN optimsed range (10m)
• Moderate complexity (e.g. RF front end)
• World-wide operation in 5.2GHz frequency bands
• Support of adaptive schemes
•Rate Adaption, Priority scheduling etc.
• Good coexistence with other systems
•In time and frequency domain
• Robustness against NB band interferers (spreading)
• Decentralised data links
MAC
PHY
ChannelCoding Puncturing Channel
Interleaving MappingSpreading
&Multi-code
OFDMFraming
OFDMModulation
RF Rx
ChannelDecoding
De-puncturing
Soft De-mapping
De-spreading
Equali-sation
OFDMDeframing
OFDMDemod.
Channel de-interleaving
Channel Estimation
Preamble MultiplexFSB
Spreading
Spreading
Spreading
FSB
FSB
Chip level
additionS/P
Grouping (SF)&
Demux
SF
SF
SF
S/PSF
SF
SF
RF Tx
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Submission
MC-SS implementation
Transceiver architecture specifiaction
FPGA based baseband implementation
• OFDM mod/demod
• Synchro. – AGC – CFO
• Channel estimation
• Mapping/demaping
• Channel coding / decoding
ARM based MAC primitives implementation
• 803.15.3 FFD / RFD
Target spectrum efficiency 3.25bps/Hz
ARM9ARM9
FPGA VirtexFPGA Virtex
RF
Framing
Scheduling
Management
Multi-Access
Framing
Scheduling
Management
Multi-Access
ADC
DAC
Filter
FilterTx Coding and Modulation
Rx Decoding and Demodulation
Measurements
Synchronisation
Equalisation
Config Registers
Status Registers
Events (Interrupts) Clocks
RF ControlAGC
AFC
FIFO
FIFO
ADC
DAC
Filter
FilterTx Coding and Modulation
Rx Decoding and Demodulation
Measurements
Synchronisation
Equalisation
Config Registers
Status Registers
Events (Interrupts) Clocks
RF ControlAGC
AFC
FIFO
FIFO
Analog RF Tx
Analog RF Rx
Osc
Antenna Switch
Analog RF Tx
Analog RF Rx
Osc
Antenna Switch
XC4VSX55FF114824576 slices
512 mult640 I/O
ARM
ADC DAC
Osc
Osc
PROMxcf32p
JTAG XilinxUSB
Base-Band board
HFJ112450E
Ethernet
Max
sdram8M*16
1V8
sdram8M*16
2V5 LXT972M
Leds
Osc
QSE
pinstest
self
self
flash ARM
4M*16
JTAG ARM
Reset
Jack3V/5V
AC
Switch 6A
PDA Nokia 770
(141 * 79 * 19 mm)
QSEQSE QSE
RF board
MAX2829
Jack4V2load
DCDC
3V35A
1617
RJ9RS232
DCDC
1V25A Lithium-ion battery
SAFT / 3,75V / 6,8Ah19,6 x 60 x 65 mm
battery
12bits 12bits
Antennaconnector
Samtecconnector
166 mm
79 mm
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LDR – why FM-UWB
Advantages of UWB
• Low radiated RF power (-14 dBm < PRF < -2.5 dBm) yielding good coexistence
• Unlicensed worldwide operation
• High bandwidth translates into high capacity and high localization accuracy
• Robustness to multipath and interference due to processing gain
Additional advantages with FM-UWB
• No LO, no carrier synchronization relaxed HW specs (phase noise, component tolerances)
• Low complexity system compatible with IC technology and very low power consumption
• Antennas are not critical
• Steep spectral roll-off, very low out of band radiation
• Robustness to multipath and interference (analogue spread spectrum)
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FM-UWB in a nutshell (1)
• An analog FM signal can have any bandwidth independent of modulation frequency
• The power spectral density of a wideband FM signal is determined by and has the shape
of the probability density function of the modulating signal e.g. triangular modulating
signal will yield a flat power spectral density• Good co-existence
• Efficient use of spectral mask
• Dynamic interference mitigation
)ff(f)(B mmRF 212
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FM-UWB in a nutshell (2)
FSK FM
80Individual quartz osc.120 MHz Quartz osc.
Common
70010002005005010
Sub-carrier quadr. LO6,9
Anti Aliasing Filter1
Mixers1
LPF1
Limiter amplifiers1
FSK demodulator1
Sub-carrier processing
20003000---
LNA (wideband)4,5,7
Wideband FM demodulator5,8
Antenna switch
Receiver RF front-end
Receiver
15001500<10100
RF VCO (wideband)10, 11
Output amplifier (wideband)11
ADC2
DAC3
RF oscillator
100100200
DDS6
DAC3
Low pass filter
Subcarrieroscillator
Transmitter
Current consumption [uA]@ VDD = 1 V
Blocks SubsystemSystem
80Individual quartz osc.120 MHz Quartz osc.
Common
70010002005005010
Sub-carrier quadr. LO6,9
Anti Aliasing Filter1
Mixers1
LPF1
Limiter amplifiers1
FSK demodulator1
Sub-carrier processing
20003000---
LNA (wideband)4,5,7
Wideband FM demodulator5,8
Antenna switch
Receiver RF front-end
Receiver
15001500<10100
RF VCO (wideband)10, 11
Output amplifier (wideband)11
ADC2
DAC3
RF oscillator
100100200
DDS6
DAC3
Low pass filter
Subcarrieroscillator
Transmitter
Current consumption [uA]@ VDD = 1 V
Blocks SubsystemSystem
FM FSK
Target: 4 mW Tx and 8 mW Rx
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EXAMPLE NOMADIC PAN LDR DIABETES SCENARIO
1. Nominally, a few bytes per control message, 1 message per minute2. When transmitting. In this example, operation 1 min out of every 10 is considered, on average.
Device no.
Type Data block size Block rate
0 Coordinator (receiver) Arbitrary Arbitrary
1 Blood pressure sensor 64 bit 1 block/minute
2 ECG sensor2 1024 bit 10 blocks/second
3 Respiratory sensor 64 bit 10 blocks/second
4 Clinical thermometer 8 bit 1 block/second
5 Pulse sensor (ear) 8 bit 1 block/second
P-PAN
Sensor transmit data
P-PAN
Sensor receive control1
Coordinator Coordinator
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Submission
RELATIVE POWER CONSUMPTIONFOR SENSOR TRANSMISSION IN THE PAN
200.0
35.822.0
312.0
195.0
0.8
60.0
0.1 0.30.0 2.50.30
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Blood pressure sensor ECG sensor Respiratory sensor Clinical thermometer
Ave
rag
e p
ow
er i
n d
BW
ZigBee
FM-UWB
ISM band
Notes: 1. Based on the MAGNET diabetes scenario, Tx communications only
Threshold for energy scavenging
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FM-UWB implementation
Transceiver architecture specification
Focus on IC RF design (VCO, LNA, WB demod)
Design of power optmised basband FEC
Optimization of digital/analogue partition for
higher flexibility
Implementation of MAC primitives
Target power 3.5mW (Tx) 7.5mW (Rx)
RF analogRF analog
FPGAcycloneFPGA
cyclone
µC8051µC8051
Digital Baseband
Unit
Crystal Oscillator
MAC HW Accelerator
Digital Baseband
Unit
Crystal Oscillator
MAC HW Accelerator
Analog RF Tx
Analog RF Rx
OscAntenna Switch
Analog RF Tx
Analog RF Rx
OscAntenna Switch
8K ROM 128 Bytes RAM
SW MAC
Interrupt Controller
Timers
GPIO
UART
SRAM Flash
DMA
Lithium battery
Power Controller
Port 1
Port N
8K ROM 128 Bytes RAM
SW MAC
Interrupt Controller
Timers
GPIO
UART
SRAM Flash
DMA
Lithium battery
Power Controller
Port 1
Port N
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Submission
An efficient and unified Cross layer optimization solution in the UCL
Heterogeneity:
Underlying air interfaces are masked and a unified interface to the IP layer is provided
Cross-Layer Optimisation:
The prerequisite of cross-layer optimisations is the availability of information across layers. Cross-layer functionalities are located in the UCL.
Application
TCP/UDP
UCL
MAGNET MC-SS HDR PHY
MAGNET LDR FM-UWB PHY
Legacy
IP
IEEE 802.15.3 based MAC
IEEE 802.15.4
based MAC
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Roadmap
IEEE 802.15.4a Build
consensus Standards
HDR MC-SS Technology
Commercial Target mass
markets
System design
StartIG-BAN
PAR
Prototype design
Prototype Boards ready
Test and prototyping
Regulatory approval?
Test market Pilot services
First products?
Miniaturise e.g. SoC?
Towards BAN
standard
Strategic partnerships
01.06 01.07 01.08 Notional timeline
LDR FM-UWB Technology
System and LBIC design
Low/high band
IC design
Low band IC blocks
ready
Low band Prototype
ready
High band Prototype
ready
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Submission
CONCLUDING REMARKS
MAGNET Beyond develops PNs and technologies for supporting personal services to nomadic users over infrastructures including PAN/BAN based systems
A mass market potential is envisioned for PNs personal services and enabling devices
MAGNET Beyond sees a need for standards for a multitude of PN optimized short range, BAN devices to ensure coexistence, interoperability and economy of scale
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Submission
Thank you
