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Study Questions -- #33 Cut
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PACS 2500
Introduction toPeace and Conflict Studies
Guy Burgess
Co-DirectorConflict Information Consortium, University of Colorado
UCB 580, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0580, (303) 492-1635 [email protected]
Copyright © 2014 Guy Burgess and Heidi Burgess
Test Next Thursday
Study Questions -- #33 Cut
Test 50%
• 2 Mid-Terms / Final• Notes page allowed• Study questions
– List– Define– Apply
• “Wildcard” questions• Slightly cumulative
final• 50 minute tests• “Curved” grading
Temporary Text Extended Thru Test #1
Blue Books
Study Questions
.PPT & .MP4 Files
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Stop Fighting
http://stop-fighting.crinfo.org/
Think About a Fight
Parents? Roommates? Siblings? Teachers? Community?
A. Hold your ground? Fight back and protect your interests?
B. Overstate your case, so you have something to back down to later?
C. Give in so as not to "make waves"?
D. Take a "time out" to allow things to cool down?
E. End the relationship (because if you fight like this over and over, it isn't worth the misery)?
When you find yourself in a hole, stop digging!
A. Stand up for yourself and make sure the other person knows you won't tolerate disrespect from him or her?
B. Apologize for statements said in anger that you didn't really mean, and try again to respectfully explain what you DID mean?
C.Politely tell the other person how their attacks made you feel?
D.Forgive and forget -- and move on?
A. Say it again, because the other person probably just wasn't listening or didn't understand?
B. Listen to what the other person has to say first, and then respond?
C. Talk about yourself -- don't talk about them?
D. Talk around the problem -- don't focus on it directly? That’s too inflammatory.
A. Base the plan on agreed-to principles of fairness and justice?
B. Agree to talk whenever someone is upset and come up with a collaborative solution?
C.Agree that one person will be the "authority figure", though that person will listen to the other person's arguments and complaints?
D.Agree to negotiate everything?
A. Try to convince your partner to do what you want? (You need to stand up for yourself.)
B. Agree with your partner and do what he/she wants? (It’s not worth the fight.)
C.Try to find out what your partner's underlying interests are (Why does he/she take the position that she does?)
D.Try to trade off with your partner? (You do what he/she does sometimes and he/she does what you want other times.)
A.Avoid talking about the issue?
B.Try to collect more facts so that you can persuade the other person that you are right?
C.Try to get someone else to help you resolve the problem?
D.Agree to disagree, but work to understand the other side?
`
Right vs. Wrong
Moral (Culture-based)
Conflict
Unless Viewed from the Right Angle
Culture Matters
It’s about much more than tastes in food!
Culture and Conflict
Finger Jestures
Soles of Your Shoes
Japanese Business Cards
CAOCL
War and Anthropology
http://www.counterpunch.org/2009/12/01/human-terrain-systems-anthropologists-and-the-war-in-afghanistan/
Cross-Cultural Conflict Stories
In your travels (and in your community) what cultural misunderstandings have you encountered?
Of these, which one's had the potential to cause or contribute to serious conflict?
How did you handle the situation? How should you have handled the
situation?
Cultural Differences
Within groupdifferences
Between group differences
Within groupdifferences
Nature Vs. NurtureCulture vs. Personality
Culture
High Context - uses implied meanings which arise from the setting
Low Context - focuses on literal meanings of words, independent of setting
Note: this distinction does not describe a dichotomy, but rather poles on a continuum.
Kurt Lewin Resolving Social Conflicts
Americans
Europeans
"There is nothing so practical as a good theory"
Culture
Inner-directed cultures see virtue in individual achievements, whereas
Outer-directed cultures see virtue in relationships and process
Tradition-direct cultures see virtue in the way that things have always been done
Fate and Personal Responsibility
Personal responsibility Extent to which we feel ourselves to be the
masters of our lives Fate
Extent to which we see ourselves as subject to things outside our control
Perception of Time and Space Monochronic
Linear quantitative time, most common in the northern and western hemispheres -- “time is money”
Polychronic Cyclical time w/ unraveling
and unlimited continuity, most common in southern and eastern hemispheres
Space Differences in comfortable
distance between people
Culture
Collectivists see group allegiances most important
Individualists see themselves as separate individuals
What is the fundamental social unit?
Collectivist vs. Individualist Republicans
Collective Military traditions National interests / patriotism
Individualistic Free market Freedom
Democrats Collective
“It takes a village” “Socialized ___________”
Individualistic Civil rights
Culture
Some values that vary cross-culturally concern: Power – its appropriate distribution and source Achievement – what it consists of Hedonism (Fun) – what it is and how
important it is Stimulation – what its acceptable forms are Self-direction – degree to which this is
possible and desirable
Culture
Other values that vary cross-culturally include: Universalism/Particularism – degree to
which things are seen as connected/seperated Benevolence – its importance Traditions – what they are and their
importance Confirmation – its importance and sanctions
to enforce it Security – the forms it takes
Our Big Culture ConflictLiberals Vs. Conservatives
Unfettered Competition?Pro- Anti-Government
A “Winner Take All” Culture?
Strict Father / Nurturing Mother
George LakoffMoral Politics
Google Books Link
W.F. Ogburn / Cultural Lag
Traditionalists
Vs.
First / New Adopters
Moral Clarity?
Rightor
WrongRight
or
Wrong• Family structures, gender roles, sexual orientation• National security, friends and enemies• Distribution of wealth, acceptable business practices
Authoritarianism & Polarization
http://www.cambridge.org/us/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=052171124X
Time-outs - Democratic
Spanking - Republican
Kristof – Politics in Our Head?
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/14/opinion/14kristof.html?pagewanted=print
Different Ways of Thinking
Liberals Analytic thinkers
Conservatives Holistic/intuitive
thinkers
Science versus religion
Is Science/Secular Humanism a Religion?
Prescriptions for behavior Why things happen
Origins explanations
Logos vs. Mythos
Logos vs. Mythos
Leadership?
I don't belong to any organized political party, I'm a Democrat.“– Will Rogers
Democratic vs. Republican Media
Talk Radio Rush Limbaugh
Social Networking Move On
The Big Conflict: Role of Government
Is government the solution or the problem?
Not Resource but Pollution Limits
The Ultimate PACS Challenge
Free Markets
Ayn Rand
Alan Greenspan
Anti-Government
AdamSmith
The Invisible Hand
Creative Destruction
Anti-Government
Anti-Government
Anti-Government
Ronald Reagan Grover Norquist
Scapegoating Government
“Government Is the Problem Not the Solution”
Excuses vs. Reasons
• Privatizing Profits• Upside profits go to highly leveraged
investors
• Socializing Risks• Downside loses go to taxpayers with
bailouts
Corporate WelfareGovernment Bailout & “Moral Hazard”
Trust in Government
http://www.gallup.com/poll/175790/americans-trust-executive-legislative-branches-down.aspx?utm_source=alert&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=syndication&utm_content=morelink&utm_term=Politics
Pro-Government
Manage the
Commons
Help the “Invisible Hand” Coontrol the “Invisible Fist”
AdamSmith
Kenneth Boulding
Policies of social organization based purely onself-interest (and greed) have failed! They must be balanced with civic-minded policy making.
Pro-Government
Pro-Government
Level the Playing Field
Limit Matthew’s Law
“To whomsoever hath, to him shall be given”
Kenneth Boulding
Pro-Government
Pro-Government
Avoid the Posterity Trap
“What has posterity ever done for me?”
Pro-Government
Limit the Bubbles
Assure a Common History
http://www.pbs.org/moyers/journal/04242009/watch.html
Pro-Government
Watergate
Pecora Hearings
The _________ Industrial Complex
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8y06NSBBRtY
The Vested Interest Problem
The BLANK industrial conplex
The Corruption Problem
Government as Just another Arena for Competition
Test Review Questions
Malala Yousafzai
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gjGL6YY6oMs