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P2P Seminar Instructor Training
July, 2005
Agenda
Purpose of Meeting Background of P2P Initiative Objective of P2P Seminar Continuing Education Credit P2P Seminar
Purpose of Meeting
Train people interested in delivering the P2P Seminar Three sources for speakers:
NRMCA staff Members of NRMCA P2P Steering Committee Members of NRMCA Materials Division
Initiated by Brad Violetta of Degussa Chairman of Materials Division Chairman of P2P Communications Task Group
Background of the P2P Initiative
Prescription-to-Performance An alternative to current prescriptive specifications Initiative of the ready mixed industry through the NRMCA NRMCA Research, Engineering, and Standards
Committee formed the P2P Steering Committee in October, 2002
Members include technical representatives, product suppliers, contractors, engineers, and architects
P2P Goals
Performance specifications as an alternative to prescriptive specifications
Leverage expertise of all parties to increase quality Address concrete specifications in terms of functional
requirements Eliminate conflicting requirements in specifications Establish roles and responsibilities based on expertise Elevate performance level and credibility of the concrete
industry Foster innovation and new technology
Objective of the P2P Seminar
Inform specifiers about the P2P Initiative Describe the difference between Prescription and
Performance-based specifications Provide an example using current code limitations Provide continuing professional education
Continuing Education Credit
AIA established Continuing Education Systems in 1995 70,000 AIA member architects 18 Learning Units Per Year (1 hour = 1 LU) Formalizes/standardizes continuing education for
architects Most states recognize AIA Continuing Education
Systems (AIA/CES) for architects and engineers
Architects
Mandatory Continuing Education for Licensure
Alabama Kansas Nebraska Rhode Island
Arkansas Kentucky New Jersey South Carolina
Delaware Louisiana New Mexico South Dakota
Florida Maryland New York Tennessee
Georgia Massachusetts North Carolina Texas
Illinois Mississippi Oklahoma Vermont
Iowa Minnesota Oregon West Virginia
Wyoming
Engineers
Mandatory Continuing Education for Licensure
Alabama Kansas Nebraska Oregon
Arkansas Louisiana Nevada South Carolina
Florida Minnesota New Hampshire South Dakota
Georgia Mississippi New Mexico Tennessee
Illinois Missouri New York Utah
Iowa Montana North Carolina West Virginia
Oklahoma Wyoming
AIA/CES Registered Provider Program
Product manufacturers, non-profit organizations, AIA architecture firms
Publicize organization and programs as “Registered with the AIA/CES”
Use AIA/CES Logo Advertise CES programs on AIA website www.aia.org/conted Listed as AIA Provider on AIA website Exhibit for free at AIA/CES Marketplace
during AIA Convention
Point of Contact
Tamara Waugh at NRMCA is Point of Contact Eileen Dickson at NRMCA is alternate Responsible for program administration Coordinates training programs Registers all new programs with Form A within 2 weeks
in advance Assures attendance is reported on Form B within 2
weeks of program delivery Retains all documents for 5 years Lionel Lemay at NRMCA is contact for P2P Seminar P2P Seminar is already registered with AIA/CES
Registered Provider Representatives (trainers)
Deliver registered AIA/CES programs Extensive knowledge of construction process Actively involved in industry associations Excellent communicators Undergo training on AIA/CES, presentation skills,
technical training, and marketing strategies Gathers attendee contact information and sends to
NRMCA for processing (Form B and Certificates)
Company/Product Identification
Shall not be displayed in any material during credit portion of any AIA/CES program
Company/Brand/Logo displayed on first and last slide only
Can add slides at the end of the presentation but cannot be for credit
Statement
Statement must be used at the beginning of each AIA/CES program This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing
professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.
Program Registration
Point of Contact register each program At least 2 weeks in advance of first presentation
P2P Seminar is already registered Each unique program must be registered
Allow 25% modification without new form
FORM A:
Program Reporting
Presenter gathers contact information on NRMCA Registration Form
Send Registration Form to Tamara Waugh immediately upon program completion
Tamara creates and submits completed FORM B to CES Records within 2 weeks of program completion
Tamara e-mails Certificate of Completion to all attendees within two weeks of program completion
Registration Form
FORM B
Certificate of Completion
Program Summary
Face-to-face presentations
In architect/engineer offices At conferences/meetings
AIA chapters meetings/conferences ACI chapter meetings ASCE chapter meetings SEA chapter meetings State RMC Association meetings
Web delivery (near future)
Pre-recorded presentation Hosted on NRMCA web site Participants purchase/register online Take course on their schedule Complete quiz at end of presentation We send Form B to AIA/CES Records We send student certificate of completion
NRMCA members help market the seminar Will have brochure and other marketing pieces
P2P Seminar
The P2P Initiative: Performance-based Specs for Concrete
Program Number: P2P101 Download at www.nrmca.org/P2PSeminar
PowerPoint Presentation (with notes) Registration Form Program Summary Example Specification
Suggested Handouts
Download www.nrmca.org/P2PSeminar Purchase www.nrmca.org
P2P Article Reprint (2PBSC) Example Specification
The P2P Initiative:Performance-based Specs for Concrete
NRMCA Continuing Education Series
© National Ready Mixed Concrete AssociationAll rights reserved
Announcement
This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product.
Introduction
Continuing education for engineers and architects Length of Presentation: 1 Hour Architects Earn 1 LU Engineers Earn 1 PDH NRMCA is an AIA/CES Registered Provider Records kept on file with NRMCA and AIA/CES Records
Outline
What is the P2P Initiative? What is a Prescriptive Specification? What is a Performance Specification? What are the Benefits of P2P? What Activities are Underway? How to Specify Concrete using Current Codes?
What is the P2P Initiative?
Stands for Prescription-to-Performance Initiative of the ready mixed industry through the NRMCA Coordinated by P2P Steering Committee under the
NRMCA Research, Engineering and Standards Committee
Members include technical representatives, product suppliers, contractors, engineers, and architects
Why Performance?
Shifting Expertise to Concrete Producers Reduce Conflicts in Specifications Identify Roles and Responsibilities Controlling Construction Cost (through optimization) Meet Greater Demands on the Product (through
innovation) Improving Quality Systems Training and Certification Programs
Construction Cost Savings of P2P
Innovative construction means and methods Improved construction schedules More efficient structural designs Simplified specifications and submittal process Optimized mix designs
Innovative Technologies
High-Strength Concrete
High-Performance Concrete
Self- Consolidating Concrete
Improved Quality Systems
Product Development
Testing Labs
Material Handling
NRMCA Training and Certifications
Plant and Truck Certification Plant Manager Certification Concrete Technologist Certifications Certified Delivery Professional (drivers) Concrete Certified Sales Professional Under development
Concrete technologist responsible for performance mixes Concrete producer certification based on quality system
P2P Goals
Allow performance specifications as an alternative to current prescriptive specifications
Leverage expertise of all parties to improve quality and reliability of concrete construction
Assist architects/engineers to address concrete specifications in terms of functional requirements
Allow flexibility on the details of concrete mixtures and construction means and methods
Better establish roles and responsibilities based on expertise Continue to elevate the performance level of the ready mixed
concrete industry Foster innovation and advance new technology at a faster pace
What is a Prescriptive Specification?
Details mixture proportions and construction means and methods
Do not always cover intended performance May conflict with intended performance
Example: Low w/c for durability could increase thermal and shrinkage cracking
Requirements are generally not directly enforceable Producer held responsible for performance and defects,
even though he lacks the freedom to make changes Prevents mixture optimization for performance No incentive for quality control / batch uniformity
Prescriptive Specification
Intended Performance Placing/Finishing Strength Min Shrinkage Resistance To:
Freeze-Thaw Corrosion Sulfate attack ASR Cracking Abrasion
Prescriptive Criteria Slump Max w/cm ratio Min cement content Min/max air Min/Max pozzolans/slag Blended cements Aggregate grading Source Limitations Chloride Limits
Prescriptive Specification
Intended Performance Placing/Finishing Strength Min Shrinkage Resistance To:
Freeze-Thaw Corrosion Sulfate attack ASR Cracking Abrasion
Prescriptive Criteria Slump Max w/cm ratio Min cement content Min/max air Min/Max pozzolans/slag Blended cements Aggregate grading Source Limitations Chloride Limits
Some prescriptive criteria are required by code but many are not
Prescriptive Specification Example
w/c ratio = 0.40 Min. cement = 600 pcy Strength = 3500 psi No SCM Aggregate grading 8 – 18% No reactive aggregate Low alkali cement Shrinkage = 0.04% max
No cracking No curling Slump 5 ± 1 inch Setting time 4 ± 0.5 hrs Max temp 85° F Impermeable Uniform color
Example: Water Cement Ratio
Cement
Water
Air
Cement
Water
Air
Paste
w/cm alone does not control strength
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
0.40 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.70
Water-Cementitious Ratio (w/cm)
Co
mp
ress
ive
Str
eng
th,
psi
Mix 1
Mix 2
Mix 3
Source: ACI 211
w/cm alone does not control permeability
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
0.70 0.55 0.45
Ch
arg
e P
as
se
d,
Co
ulo
mb
s
Portland cement
SCM1
SCM2
Ternary Blend
Water-Cementitious Ratio (w/cm)
Source: ACI 232, 233, 234
What is a Performance Specification?
Performance requirements of concrete Hardened state for Service (meeting owner’s requirements) Plastic state for Constructability (meeting the contractor’s
requirements) Focus on performance and function Assignment of responsibility Flexibility to adjust mixture ingredients and proportions to
achieve consistent performance Changes in weather conditions Changes in materials
Measurable and enforceable Defined test methods and acceptance criteria
How would it work?
Qualification requirements would be established for producers
Performance criteria would be specified by the A/E Contractor would partner with producer to establish
constructability criteria Submittal will demonstrate compliance with specified
requirements Compliance through pre-qualification tests and limited
jobsite acceptance tests
Who Benefits from P2P?
Owners Engineers/Architects Concrete Contractors Concrete Producers
Benefits to Owners from P2P
Improved quality Improved performance Reduced construction time Reduced cost Higher confidence in concrete construction Innovative solutions
Benefits to Engineers/Architects
Focus on function rather than composition Strength, Durability, Shrinkage, etc.
Simplified submittal review Improved product consistency Reduced conflict with contractor/producer Reduced risk
Producer responsible for concrete mix design
Innovative solutions
Benefits to the Contractors
Improved communication / coordination Constructability requirements addressed Predictable performance Innovate on construction means and methods
Benefits to Concrete Producers
Eliminates conflicts in specifications Improved clarity in what needs to be furnished Encourages innovation Rewards investment in quality control Allows optimization of mixtures for performance Allows adjustment of materials/proportions to
compensate for changes in materials and weather Provide innovative products
What are the Challenges?
Acceptance of Change Trust / Credibility Knowledge Level (training) Reference Codes and Specifications
Prescriptive limitations
Measurement and Testing Reliability of existing tests Reliability of jobsite tests
What Activities are Underway?
Communication Engineers, Architects, Contractors, and Producers Articles and presentations
Developing Producer Quality System / Qualifications Developing Model Spec / Code Revisions
Look at model codes from other countries (Canada, Europe, Australia) Look at similar initiatives in the US (FHWA and DOTs)
Documenting Case Studies Conducting Research
Test Methods for Performance Quantifying differences between prescriptive and performance mixes
Delivering Training Programs
How to Specify Concrete Using Current Codes
Objective: Minimize prescriptive requirements Comply with ACI 318 Chapter 3, 4 and 5 Example: 3 story concrete building with first level parking
Structural slabs, beams, and columns Slabs-on-grade (parking) Foundation walls Footings Freezing and thawing (with deicing chemicals) Soils contain sulfates (severe)
Unusual to have freeze-thaw and sulfate exposure Items in are comments Most concrete does not require prescriptive criteria
Yellow
Classes of Concrete for the Project
Class Application Exposure Strength, f’c
1 Slabs and beams None 4,000 psi
2 Columns None 5,000 psi
3Slabs on grade,
Foundation walls
Freeze/Thaw,
Deicing Chemicals,
Sulfate (severe)
4,500 psi
4 Footings Sulfate (severe) 4,500 psi
Class 1 and 2 strength is governed by structural design requirementsClass 3 and 4 strength is governed by durability requirements
Part 1 - General
1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS 1.2 SUMMARY 1.3 DEFINITIONS 1.4 SUBMITTALS 1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE 1.6 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
Submittals
Submit field or laboratory test records for each class of concrete to demonstrate concrete will meet: Required average compressive strength Other specified requirements in section 2.12
Test data should meet the following requirements Test data from concrete supplied from the same production
facilities proposed for the work Test data from concrete mixtures containing similar materials
proposed for the work
Submittals (cont’d)
Submit properties of mix design for each class of concrete including: Specified compressive strength, ƒ΄c Documentation of strength test results indicating the standard deviation Required average compressive strength, ƒ΄cr Average compressive strength of proposed mixture Placement method Slump or slump flow Air content Density w/cm ratio Maximum aggregate size Sources and designations of ingredient materials
Some properties will be specified and others will be selected by producer and contractor
Slump is one example. Slump should not be specified but selected by the contractor and producer since this is means and methods
Submittals (cont’d)
Submit documentation indicating installer, manufacturer, and testing agency meet the qualifications specified in Section 1.5 Quality Assurance.
Quality Assurance
Installer Qualifications: On-site supervisor of the finishing crew who qualified as ACI Certified
Concrete Flatwork Technician for flatwork placing and finishing.
Flatwork finisher certification is important for constructing slabs General standard of care of concrete construction is addressed in
this certification program
Quality Assurance (cont’d)
Manufacturer Qualifications: NRMCA Certified Ready Mixed Concrete Production Facility NRMCA Concrete Technologist Level 2
NRMCA certified concrete production facilities demonstrate compliance with requirements of ASTM C 94
Includes an annual certification of delivery vehicles The NRMCA Concrete Technologist Level 2 Certification validates
personnel’s knowledge of fundamentals of concrete technology including mixture proportioning.
Certification is obtained by passing a 90 minute exam administered by NRMCA with ACI Grade 1 Field Testing Technician Certification as the prerequisite.
Details available at www.nrmca.org/certifications .
Quality Assurance (cont’d)
Testing Agency Qualifications: Meet the requirements of ASTM C 1077. Field testing: ACI Concrete Field Testing Technician Grade I. Lab testing: ACI Concrete Strength Testing Technician or ACI Concrete
Laboratory Testing Technician – Grade I. Test results for the purpose of acceptance shall be certified by a
registered design professional employed with the Testing Agency.
Concrete testing is very sensitive to the way specimens are collected, cured, and tested. Proper field and lab procedures are essential to achieving meaningful results.
Quality Assurance (cont’d)
Pre Installation Conference: Require representatives of each entity directly concerned with cast-in-
place concrete to attend, including: Architect Structural Engineer Contractor Installer (Concrete Contractor) Pumping Contractor Manufacturer (Ready-mixed concrete producer) Independent testing agency
NRMCA and American Society of Concrete Contractors has a document titled Checklist for the Concrete Pre-Construction Conference that can be used as a guide
Part 2 - Products
2.1 MANUFACTURERS 2.2 FORMING MATERIALS 2.3 STEEL REINFORCEMENT 2.4 REINFORCEMENT ACCESSORIES 2.5 CONCRETE MATERIALS 2.6 WATERSTOPS 2.7 VAPOR RETARDERS 2.8 FLOOR AND SLAB TREATEMENTS 2.9 CURING MATERIALS 2.10 RELATED MATERIALS 2.11 REPAIR MATERIALS 2.12 CONCRETE MIXTURES
Concrete Materials
Cementitious Materials: Use materials meeting the following requirements with limitations
specified in Section 2.12. Hydraulic Cement: ASTM C 150 or ASTM C 1157 or ASTM C 595 Fly Ash: ASTM C 618 Slag: ASTM C 989 Silica Fume: ASTM C 1240
Avoid listing brand names for most materials in this section if a standard for the product already exists.
Many existing standards are performance-based. Avoid limiting the type or quantities of cementitious materials that
can be used unless required for certain performance attributes as listed in Section 2.12 Concrete Mixtures.
Concrete Materials (cont’d)
Normalweight Aggregate: ASTM C 33 Water: ASTM C 1602 Fibers: ASTM C 1116
Concrete Materials (cont’d)
Chemical Admixtures: Air Entraining: ASTM C 260 Water reducing, accelerating and retarding: ASTM C 494 Admixtures for flowing concrete: ASTM C 1017 Admixtures with no standard designation shall be used only with the
permission of the design professional when its use for specific properties is required.
Avoid limiting the type of admixtures that can be used unless there is a specific reason (eg. Chloride based admixtures for corrosion).
Consider specifying or allowing the use of admixtures which do not have a specific ASTM designation with appropriate documentation indicating beneficial use to concrete properties.
These include colors, viscosity modifying admixtures, hydration stabilizing admixtures, pumping aids, anti-freeze admixtures, etc.
Concrete Mixtures
Prepare design mixtures for each class of concrete on the basis of field test data or laboratory trial mixtures, or both according to ACI 318, Chapter 5.
Design mixtures shall meet the requirements listed in Table 2.12.
Concrete Mixtures (cont’d)
Table 2.12 Concrete Mixtures
Class App. Exp. ƒ΄c
Nom. Max. Agg. Size1
Air Content
Max. w/cm
by weight
Cement-itious
MaterialsAdmix.
Max. water sol. Cl ion in conc., % by
wt of cement
1Slabs and
beamsNone
4,000 psi
3/4” N/A2 N/ASee section
2.5 A
See section
2.5 D1.00
2 Columns None5,000 psi
3/4” N/A2 N/ASee section
2.5 A
See section
2.5 D1.00
3
Slabs on grade,
Foundation walls
Freeze/Thaw,Deicing
Chemicals,Sulfate (severe)
4,500 psi
1-1/2” 5-1/2 %3 0.45
Limits on cement4,
fly ash, slag, and silica
fume5
No calcium chloride
admixtures0.15
4 FootingsSulfate (severe)
4,500 psi
1-1/2” N/A2 0.45Limits on hydraulic cement4
No calcium chloride
admixtures0.30
Provide a schedule of concrete classes of the structure including a description of exposure.
Provide limits on materials based on Chapter 3 and 4 of ACI 318
Concrete Mixtures (cont’d)
Table 2.12 Concrete Mixtures
Class App. Exp. ƒ΄c
Nom. Max. Agg. Size1
Air Content
Max. w/cm by weight
Cement-itious
MaterialsAdmix.
Max. water sol. Cl ion in conc., % by
wt of cement
1Slabs and
beamsNone 4,000 psi 3/4” N/A2 N/A
See section 2.5 A
See section 2.5 D
1.00
2 Columns None 5,000 psi 3/4” N/A2 N/ASee section
2.5 ASee section
2.5 D1.00
Few limits on materials for class 1 and 2 since durability is not a concern No maximum water-cement ratio or minimum cement content Compressive strength based on structural design requirements Maximum aggregate size controlled by ACI 318 – 3.3 Aggregates
1/5 narrowest dimension of forms 1/3 slab depth 3/4 minimum clear spacing between reinforcement (governs)
Maximum chloride ions controlled by ACI 318 – 4.4 for corrosion protection of reinforcement that will be dry or protected from moisture in service
Concrete Mixtures (cont’d)
Table 2.12 Concrete Mixtures
Class App. Exp. ƒ΄c
Nom. Max. Agg. Size1
Air Content
Max. w/cm
by weight
Cement-itious
MaterialsAdmix.
Max. water sol. Cl ion in conc., % by
wt of cement
3
Slabs on grade
Foundation walls
Freeze/Thaw,Deicing
Chemicals,Sulfate (severe)
4,500 psi
1-1/2” 5-1/2 %3 0.45
Limits on cement4, fly ash,
slag, and silica fume5
No calcium chloride
admixtures0.15
Class 3 concrete is exposed to freeze-thaw, deicing chemicals, and severe sulfates Compressive strength, air content, maximum w/cm based on ACI 318 4.2 Freezing
and thawing exposure. Limits on SCMs based on ACI 318 4.2.3 for concrete exposed to deicing chemicals:
Fly ash, 25% max Slag, 50% max Silica fume, 10% max Total of fly ash, slag, and silica fume, 50% max Total of fly ash and silica fume, 35% max
Limits on cement type, calcium chloride admixtures, strength, and w/cm are based on ACI 318 4.3 Sulfate exposure.
Type V cement must be used
Concrete Mixtures (cont’d)
Table 2.12 Concrete Mixtures
Class App. Exp. ƒ΄c
Nom. Max. Agg. Size1
Air Content
Max. w/cm by weight
Cement-itious
MaterialsAdmix.
Max. water sol. Cl ion in conc., % by
wt of cement
4 FootingsSulfate (severe)
4,500 psi
1-1/2” N/A2 0.45Limits on cement4
No calcium chloride
admixtures0.30
Class 4 concrete is exposed to severe sulfates Compressive strength, cement type, maximum w/cm, and restriction
on using calcium chloride admixtures are based on ACI 318 4.3 – Sulfate exposure Type V cement must be used
PART 3 - Execution
3.1 FORMWORK 3.2 EMBEDDED ITEMS 3.3 REMOVING AND REUSING FORMS 3.4 SHORES AND RESHORES 3.5 VAPOR RETARDERS 3.6 STEEL REINFORCEMENT 3.7 JOINTS 3.8 WATERSTOPS 3.9 CONCRETE PLACEMENT 3.10 FINISHING FORMED SURFACES 3.11 FINISHING FLOORS AND SLABS 3.12 MISCELLANEOUS CONCRETE ITEMS 3.13 CONCRETE PROTECTING AND CURING 3.14 LIQUID FLOOR TREATEMENTS 3.15 JOINT FILLING 3.16 CONCRETE SURFACE REPAIRS 3.17 FIELD QUALITY ASSURANCE
Concrete Placement
Measure, batch, mix, deliver, and provide delivery ticket for each batch of concrete in accordance with ASTM C 94. Do not add water to concrete during delivery or during
placement. Water is permitted to be added to a batch of concrete at the
project site before placement of the batch begins provided that the amount of water added does not exceed the allowed amount indicated on the delivery ticket.
Field Quality Assurance
Testing: Owner shall engage a qualified testing agency to perform concrete field tests and prepare test reports.
Concrete Field Tests: Concrete Test Samples: Samples for concrete tests shall be
taken in accordance with ASTM C 172.
Field Quality Assurance (cont’d)
Compressive Strength Tests on concrete: Samples shall be taken not less than once per day, nor less than once for each 150 yd3 of concrete, nor less than once for each 5000 ft2 surface area for slabs or walls. Acceptance based on standard cured cylinders in accordance with ASTM C 31
and tested at 28 days in accordance with ASTM C 39. Strength test results are the average of two specimens. Tests of slump, air content, temperature and density shall be made and
recorded with the strength test results.
Consider testing at 56 or 90 days for high volumes of SCMs. Average of two cylinders represent a strength test result by ACI 318 If a 7 day test is specified for informational purposes (not acceptance),
clearly indicate that in the specification. The installer and manufacturer may choose to make additional cylinders for
field cured specimens to monitor early age strength for form removal and reshoring.
Field cured specimens are typically not recognized for acceptance.
Field Quality Assurance (cont’d)
Strength of each concrete class shall be deemed satisfactory: The average of three consecutive compressive-strength tests
equals or exceeds specified compressive strength Any individual compressive-strength test result does not fall
below specified compressive strength by more than 500 psi.
When compressive strength tests indicate low strength, follow procedure in ACI 318 chapter 5.6.4 Investigation of low-strength test results
Field Quality Assurance (cont’d)
Air Content: ASTM C 231. Air content tests shall be performed on concrete at least at the same
frequency as compressive strength testing. The provisions of ASTM C 94 shall apply for acceptance of air content
of concrete.
Only use air content as an acceptance criterion if there is an air content requirement
ACI 318 establishes an air content tolerance of ±1.5% ASTM C 94 permits a jobsite adjustment if the air content is low Allows for retesting prior to rejecting concrete
Field Quality Assurance (cont’d)
Slump: ASTM C 143; one test when concrete is sampled for strength tests.
Temperature: ASTM C 1064; one test when concrete is sampled for strength tests.
Density: ASTM C 138; one test when concrete is sampled for strength tests.
Test results shall be reported to architect, engineer, concrete producer, and concrete contractor within 48 hours of testing.
Recap
Comply with ACI 318 Place limits on materials in concrete based on the
exposure of the concrete. Plan to propose changes to ACI 318 Chapter 4 –
Durability Requirements to allow performance-based alternatives
Plan to develop model performance-based specifications based on the new provisions
Additional Information
Visit www.nrmca.org/P2P Download Example Specification Download P2P Articles Download Research Studies
